急性闭合性跟腱断裂经皮微创修复术后关节僵硬与踝关节功能预后的危险因素分析CSCD

目的：分析急性闭合性跟腱断裂经皮微创修复术后关节僵硬与踝关节功能预后的危险因素。方法：回顾性分析2019年1月至2022年1月接受经皮微创修复术治疗的120例急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者的病例资料,根据Arner-Lindholm评定法评估术后预后情况,将其分为预后良好组（90例）和预后不良组（30例）,探究急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者术后关节僵硬与踝关节功能改善情况。应用单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析探究急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者术后预后情况的主要危险因素。结果：单因素分析显示急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者术后预后不良情况发生与性别、年龄、断裂位置、损伤范围、踝关节积液情况无关（P>0.05）;主要与断端间隙、伤口感染、并发踝关节骨折、术后外固定时间、术后负重时间、延迟治疗、腓肠神经损伤、再断裂的情况有关（P<0.05）。以急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者术后预后情况为因变量,选取单因素分析中P<0.05的变量作为自变量,行多因素logistic回归分析,结果发现,并发踝关节骨折、断端间隙、延迟治疗、伤口感染、再断裂、术后负重时间、腓肠神经损伤、术后外固定时间为急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者术后发生预后不良情况的主要因素（P<0.05）。与术后1个月相比,术后3个月患者的踝关节活动度、踝关节跖屈肌力、跟腱长度、跟腱完全断裂评分（ATRS）、美国足踝外科协会（AOFAS）踝-后足评分有所提升;与术后3个月相比,术后7个月患者的踝关节活动度、跟腱长度、踝关节跖屈肌力、AOFAS评分、ATRS评分显著上升（P<0.05）。结论：通过经皮微创修复术对急性闭合性跟腱断裂进行干预,可有效改善患者踝关节功能,缓解跟腱活动度。并发踝关节骨折、延迟治疗、腓肠神经损伤、断端间隙、伤口感染、再断裂、术后负重及外固定时间为患者预后不良情况发生的主要危险因素。     

硬膜外穿刺针辅助穿线经跟骨骨隧道治疗跟腱断裂

目的 探讨通过硬膜外穿刺针辅助穿线经跟骨骨隧道治疗跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月-2021年1月应用硬膜外穿刺针经跟骨骨隧道引导缝线加固止点治疗的22例跟腱断裂病例。急性闭合跟腱断裂患者的切口于跟腱断裂皮肤空虚处上缘行2～3 cm横行小切口,二次跟腱断裂患者取原切口或后内侧纵行切口。通过硬膜穿刺针分别在跟腱断裂近端、远端及跟骨处建立辅助隧道,引导穿入跟腱缝合线,结合改良Bunnell缝合法将断裂跟腱缝合。结果 随访22例,随访时间9～14个月。术后切口全部一期愈合,无深部感染、肌腱粘连、二次断裂、腓肠神经激惹等严重并发症发生。术后9个月踝关节活动度：跖屈25°～45°,背伸15°～25°,美国矫形足踝协会踝与后足评分平均93(85～97)分,优16例,良6例,优良率100%;Amer-Lindholm疗效评价标准评价：优18例,良4例,优良率100%;恢复至伤前体育活动水平19例（86.3%）,重返运动时间19～24周,平均21.6周。结论 采用硬膜外穿刺针经跟骨骨隧道引导缝线加固止点跟腱断裂,临床效果确切,并发症少,器材易得,操作简单,值得临床尤其是基层医院推广。     

改良跟腱微创器械在治疗急性闭合跟腱断裂中的应用

目的 探讨改良跟腱微创器械在治疗急性闭合跟腱断裂中的应用效果。方法 采用改良跟腱微创器械手术治疗80例急性闭合跟腱断裂患者。观察切口愈合情况、踝关节活动度、术后并发症发生情况。采用Arner-Lindholm评分标准评价踝关节功能。结果 患者均获得随访,时间6～15个月。术后切口均一期愈合,均无排异反应、腓肠神经损伤等并发症发生。踝关节背伸、跖屈、内翻、外翻活动度:术后6周依次为10°～15°、30°～35°、20°～25°、25°～30°;术后8周依次为20°～30°、40°～45°、25°～30°、30°～35°。末次随访时,完全负重行走78例,扶拐行走2例;采用Arner-Lindholm评分标准评价踝关节功能:优53例,良25例,差2例,优良率97.5%。结论 采用改良跟腱微创器械手术治疗急性闭合跟腱断裂临床疗效满意。     

改良小切口双津下缝合法治疗急性跟腱断裂

目的探讨改良小切口双津下缝合法治疗急性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法采用改良小切口双津下缝合法治疗27例急性跟腱断裂患者。记录手术相关指标、住院天数和术后并发症发生情况。术后3、6个月采用Arner-Lindholm跟腱功能和AOFAS踝-后足功能评分评价疗效。结果患者在术后3、6个月均获得随访。切口均一期愈合,术后均无二次断裂、切口感染及腓肠神经损伤发生。Arner-Lindholm跟腱功能评分优良率:术后3个月为74. 1%(20/27),术后6个月为92. 6%(25/27)。AOFAS踝-后足评分:术前1 d为28～46(32. 2±12. 5)分,术后3个月为75～94(84. 2±8. 4)分,术后6个月为92～100(95. 2±5. 1)分。结论改良小切口双津下缝合法修复急性跟腱断裂可减少术后切口皮缘坏死和跟腱粘连的发生,踝关节活动恢复好,创伤小,康复快,临床疗效满意。     

经通道辅助缝合系统微创修复急性闭合跟腱断裂的疗效观察

目的探讨经通道辅助缝合系统(channel-assisted minimally invasive repair,CAMIR)微创修复急性闭合跟腱断裂的疗效。方法 2011年1月-2012年6月,收治30例(30侧)急性闭合跟腱断裂患者。男18例,女12例;年龄22~50岁,平均30.4岁。左侧10例,右侧20例。均为运动损伤。B超检查示跟腱完全断裂;断端距跟骨止点2~8 cm,平均4.4 cm。受伤距手术时间3 h~9 d,中位时间4 d。术中在CAMIR辅助下采用改良Bunnel缝合法修复断裂跟腱。结果手术时间10~25 min,平均17.0 min;切口长1.5~2.5 cm,平均2.0 cm。术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无切口感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成、腓肠神经损伤及跟腱再断裂等并发症发生。患者均获随访,随访时间12~24个月,平均16个月。末次随访时患者行走正常,提踵有力,均恢复至跟腱断裂前活动水平。MRI示跟腱愈合、连续;患侧与健侧小腿周径差均小于1 cm,踝关节背伸20~30°、跖屈20~30°。按照Arner Lindholm疗效评定标准,获优28例,良2例,优良率100%。结论 CAMIR辅助微创修复急性闭合跟腱断裂具有对合可靠、创伤小、再断裂及感染率低等优点,最大限度避免了腓肠神经损伤的发生。     

自制器械辅助微创手术治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的疗效分析

目的观察应用自制器械辅助微创手术治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的临床效果。方法回顾性分析自2017-05—2018-12应用自制器械辅助微创手术治疗的9例陈旧性跟腱断裂,术中将自制器械由卵圆孔端置入皮下组织与腱周组织间隙辅助改良Bunnell缝合法完成对跟腱断端缝合操作。末次随访时采用Arner-Lindholm评分标准对踝关节功能进行评价。结果本组手术时间(31.0±5.9)min,切口长度(3.5±0.6)cm。9例均获得随访,随访时间平均14.1(12~18)个月。术后1例出现切口皮缘部分坏死,经换药后愈合并于术后18 d拆线,其余患者切口均一期愈合。所有患者均无排异反应、腓肠神经损伤、下肢深静脉血栓形成等并发症发生。术后12个月随访时采用Arner-Lindholm评分标准评价踝关节功能:优6例,良2例,可1例。结论采用自制器械辅助微创手术治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂具有手术时间短、切口小、术后并发症少、踝关节功能恢复好等优点,临床疗效满意,值得推广应用。     

双津下套圈缝合法与跟腱龙技术治疗急性跟腱断裂的比较

[目的]为比较两种微创手术治疗急性跟腱断裂的临床结果。[方法]共计140例患者纳入本研究,其中101例采用津下技术,39例采用跟腱龙技术修复跟腱。记录手术时间、住院天数、并发症等情况,并采用AOFAS踝-后足疗效评价及ATRS跟腱断裂评分评定术后疗效。[结果]津下组手术时间及住院天数短于跟腱龙组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。津下组患者总体并发症发生率为1%,仅有1例再断裂,无感染、腓肠神经损伤、皮肤粘连等并发症。跟腱龙组术后总体并发症发生率为10%,其中,腓肠神经损伤1例,切口感染1例,跟腱粘连1例,1例术后1个半月因肺栓塞去世。138例患者获得随访,随访时间6个月～3年。两组患者ATRS和AOFAS评分均随时间延长而增高,并且不同时间点差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后6月和术后1年时,津下组评分较跟腱龙组评分高(P0.05),术后3年时,津下组评分与跟腱龙组评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]小切口双津下缝合法和跟腱龙手术均为微创手术,具有切口小、愈合快、并发症少等优点。与跟腱龙手术相比,小切口双津下套圈缝合法术后早期效果更好。     

带线锚钉锁边缝合桥接修复急性闭合性跟腱远端断裂的临床疗效

目的：探讨带线锚钉微创治疗急性闭合性跟腱远端断裂的临床疗效。方法：自2019年7月至2021年3月,采用微创带线锚钉锁边缝合桥接修复技术治疗20例急性闭合性跟腱远端断裂患者,其中男18例,女2例;年龄19~52(40.0±9.0)岁。观察其并发症情况,并于术前和术后1年采用美国足踝外科协会踝与后足功能评分系统(American Orthopaedic Foot&Ankle Society,AOFAS)评价踝关节功能恢复情况。结果：所有患者获得随访,时间6~18(12.0±3.2)个月。所有患者切口Ⅰ期愈合,无感染及皮肤坏死发生,未出现腓肠神经损伤及下肢深静脉血栓形成,无足跟疼痛和跟腱再断裂发生,踝关节屈伸活动良好。AOFAS评分由术前的(59.0±4.3)分提高至术后1年的(95.1±2.6)分。结论：带线锚钉锁边缝合桥接修复急性闭合性跟腱远端断裂疗效确切,可降低跟腱再断裂、神经损伤、皮肤坏死等并发症,具有手术创伤小、吻合方法可靠、功能恢复好等优点,是治疗急性闭合性跟腱远端断裂的理想方法。     

新型微创缝合技术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂北大核心CSCD

目的探讨应用新型小切口微创缝合技术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法对2008年8月至2014年10月应用自行设计的微创缝合技术治疗的134例急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者资料进行回顾性分析,男130例,女4例;年龄18～52岁,平均37．4岁;左侧93例,右侧41例;受伤至手术时间为1～7d,平均2．5d。133例患者断裂部位分布在跟腱止点近端4．5—6．3cm,1例患者在1．2cm处。患足充分跖屈后,于断端凹陷中点做1．0—1．5cm的横行手术切口,手术钳腱周膜下钳夹梳理远近断端,根据MRI间接标定的腓肠神经走行位置确定安全穿刺点,在硬膜外穿刺针引导下远近端分别经皮交叉置入EthieonMB66不可吸收缝线,切口处打结,直视下消除两断端间隙达紧密接触。术后基于跟腱残端病理结果制定个体化康复方案。结果所有患者术后获8—48个月（平均19．6个月）随访。切口均获Ⅰ期愈合,无切口相关并发症发生;腓肠神经损伤3例;跟腱再断裂4例,其中3例接受再手术,1例选择保守治疗。根据美国足踝外科协会的踝一后足评分平均为99．6分,优133例,良1例,优良率为100％;根据Amer—Lindholm评定法：优99例,良34例,差1例,优良率为99．3％。结论应用新型小切口微创缝合技术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂操作简便、可靠,腱周血供损伤小,粘连轻,并发症少,运动功能恢复快,可以完全避免腓肠神经损伤,并最大程度防止再断裂的发生,值得推广。     

微创手术与传统手术治疗急性跟腱断裂的比较研究

背景：急性跟腱断裂的临床治疗方案目前尚存争议,微创治疗因为切口相关并发症较少而逐渐被应用于临床,而微创手术与传统手术治疗急性跟腱断裂的比较性研究较少。目的：比较应用跟腱龙（Achillon）跟腱吻合器与Krachow法跟腱端端吻合术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法：回顾性研究2009年3月至2011年12月收治的急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者146例,其中37例应用Achillon跟腱吻合器治疗,为微创手术组,男26例,女11例,年龄19~64岁,平均41.6岁;53例应用Krachow法跟腱端端吻合术治疗,为传统手术组,男36例,女17例,年龄21~67岁,平均43.5岁。比较两组患者的切口愈合时间、并发症发生率、踝关节活动度、单足提踵试验结果及整体满意率,并通过美国足踝外科协会（AOFAS）踝与后足评分进行疗效评估。结果：微创手术组37例和传统手术组53例全部获得随访,随访时间为14~57个月,平均32.9个月。微创手术组的再断裂率与传统手术组比较无统计学差异（5.4%vs.1.9%,P=0.38）;传统手术组的伤口延迟愈合率显著高于微创手术组（17.6%vs.0%,P〈0.01）。两组患者的单足提踵试验阳性率（16.2%vs.11.3%）、踝关节活动度减小率（18.9%vs.17.0%）、整体满意率（83.8%vs.71.7%）均无统计学差异。两组患者的AOFAS踝与后足评分的各项指标和总分比较均无统计学差异。结论：Achillon跟腱吻合器治疗跟腱断裂可有效降低切口相关并发症发生率,且未增加跟腱再断裂率,跟腱功能与Krachow法跟腱端端吻合术无统计学差异。     

双小切口手术修复急性闭合性跟腱断裂

目的:评价手术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂的切口新方案.方法:自2009年1月至2014年1月采用保留跟腱断端皮桥、2个微创切口手术治疗急性跟腱断裂21例,男16例,女5例;年龄21~57岁,平均44.3岁.观察术后并发症,测量术后1年踝关节运动范围、双侧小腿最大周径、跟腱断裂平面周径、恢复工作及伤前体育活动的时间,采用美国足与踝关节协会(AOFAS)踝与后足功能评分方法进行评分.结果:21例均获随访,时间6~36个月,平均14个月.切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无皮肤坏死、切口感染、深静脉血栓、再断裂等并发症,腓肠神经支配区皮肤感觉正常.术后1年AOFAS评分94.3±5.5较术前65.1±6.9提高(t=7.672,P=0.013);患足踝关节活动范围(55.4±6.5)°与健足(56.3±3.7)°差异无统计学意义(t=0.872,P=0.325).21例均恢复伤前工作与学习,恢复工作时间平均10周(6~15周);15例恢复伤前体育活动,恢复伤前体育活动时间平均21周(18~24周).小腿最大周径伤侧较对侧平均减少0.45 cm(0.3~0.8 cm),跟腱断裂平面周径伤侧较对侧平均增粗0.4 cm(0.2~0.7 cm).结论:采用2个微创切口技术保存跟腱及其断端皮桥区软组织血液供应,并发症少.     

Anatomic relationship of the sural nerve when performing Achilles tendon repair using the percutaneous Achilles repair system,a cadaveric study

BackgroundMinimally invasive techniques for Achilles tendon repair are increasing due to reports of similar rerupture rates using open and percutaneous techniques with fewer wound complications and quicker recovery with percutaneous methods. The goal of this study was to investigate quantitatively the relationship and risk of injury to the sural nerve during Achilles tendon repair when using the Percutaneous Achilles Repair System (PARS) (Arthrex®, Naples, FL), by recording the distance between the passed needles and the sural nerve as well identifying any direct violation of the nerve with needle passage or nerve entrapment within the suture after the jig was removed. The hypothesis of the study is that the PARS technique can be performed safely and without significant risk of injury to the sural nerve.MethodsA total of five needles were placed through the PARS jig in each of 10 lower extremity cadaveric specimens using the proximal portion after simulation of a midsubstance Achilles tendon rupture. Careful dissection was performed to measure the distance of the sural nerve in relation to the passed needles. The sutures were then pulled out through the incision as the jig was removed from the proximal portion of the tendon and observation of the suture in relation to the tendon was documented.ResultsOf the 10 cadaveric specimens, none had violation of the sural nerve. Zero of the 50 (0%) needles directly punctured the sural nerve. In addition, upon retraction of the jig, all sutures were noted to reside within the tendon sheath with no entrapment of the sural nerve noted.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the variable course of the sural nerve and identifies the potential risk for sural nerve injury when using the PARS for Achilles tendon repair. However, this study provides additional evidence of safety from an anatomic standpoint that explains the outcomes demonstrated in the clinical trials. With this information the authors believe surgeons should feel comfortable they can replicate those outcomes while minimizing risk of sural nerve injury when the technique is used correctly.     

Endoscopic-assisted repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture with Krackow suture: An anatomic study

PurposeTo study the feasibility of applying Krackow locking stitches in the endoscopic-assisted repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture and the possible complications encountered.Type of studyAnatomic study.MethodsTwelve Achilles tendons in six cadavers were cut at 6 cm from its insertion and endoscopic-assisted repair of Achilles tendon was performed. These legs were then cut open in midline to study (i) the locking stitches formed and (ii) the relation of the sural nerve to the locking stitches.ResultWith endoscopic-assisted technique, Krackow-type locking stitches can be formed in eight legs. In four legs, the stitches fell into the ruptured gap and lie deep to the tendon. The tendon rupture end was grasped by the suture rather than forming a Krackow-type locking stitch when the suture was tightened. There was no sural nerve laceration noted. However, in two legs, the sural nerves were found trapped in the sutures at around the proximal portal.ConclusionsKrackow locking stitches can be formed by the minimally invasive technique. However, there are risks of stitches falling into the ruptured gap and lie deep to the tendon and risk of sural nerve entrapment at the proximal medial portal. The original technique is not suitable for clinical application. Modification of the technique by grasping the tendon end with Allis tissue forceps before passing the suture may prevent the suture from falling into the ruptured tendon gap.     

Endoscopic reconstruction for chronic Achilles tendon ruptures using a hamstring tendon autograft

BackgroundTo determine the safety and efficacy of endoscopic reconstruction of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures using a hamstring tendon autograft at mid-term follow-up.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of patients with chronic Achilles tendon rupture treated surgically by endoscopic reconstruction using a hamstring tendon autograft at our institution between March 2010 and October 2015. Radiologic outcomes were assessed using pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Functional outcomes were evaluated with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle–Hindfoot Scale, the Plantar Flexion Strength (PFS), the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) scale, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score, and the Arner-Lindholm standard. All patients achieved primary healing with no lengthening of the Achilles tendon, skin necrosis, infection, deep vein thrombosis or other complications.ResultsMean follow-up period was 15 ± 3 months (range, 12–18 months). There was no Achilles tendon re-rupture. MRI examination revealed that Achilles tendon continuity was restored. Patients’ mean AOFAS, PFS, and VISA-A scores were significantly higher and mean VAS pain score was significantly lower after surgery compared to before (P < 0.05). According to Arner-Lindholm standards, there were twenty (76.9%) excellent, six (23.1%) good, and zero bad outcomes.ConclusionEndoscopic reconstruction utilizing a hamstring tendon autograft is a safe and efficacious option for repair of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures. Studies with larger sample sizes and a longer follow-up are required to confirm the advantage of this technique compared to open surgery.     

Management of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture Using the Krackow and Tendon-Bundle Techniques

Background Acute Achilles tendon rupture is a severe injury of the lower extremities;however,optimal treatment options are not yet available.This study aimed to investigate the surgical method and clinical effect of the Krackow and tendon-bundle techniques for managing acute Achilles tendon rupture.Methods This retrospective case series study analyzed 17 cases of acute Achilles tendon rupture at the Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from December 2012 to January 2020.There were 16 men and one woman,aged 27–45 years,with an average of 39.6 years.Thirteen patients were injured while playing basketball or badminton,and 4 patients were injured while participating in a football match or other sports.All injuries were repaired using the Krackow and tendon-bundle techniques.Postoperative evaluation indicators included active range of motion during ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion,height of single foot heel lifting,Amer-Lindholm Achilles tendon function score,and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)score.Results The patients were followed-up for 6–45 months(average,18.9 months).There was no re-rupture of the Achilles tendon,wound infection,or sural nerve injury.At the final follow-up,the affected and contralateral sides exhibited plantar flexion of 42.1±4.4°and 43.8±2.8°,dorsiflexion of 15.8±2.9°and 16.6±2.9°,respectively,and one foot exhibited a heel lifting height of 7.2±1.0 cm and 7.5±0.9 cm,respectively.There was no significant difference between the affected and contralateral sides(P>0.05).At the final follow-up,the Amer-Lindholm Achilles tendon function score was excellent in 94.1%(16/17)of the patients and good in 5.9%(1/17)of the patients.The AOFAS scores ranged from 90 to 100,with an average of 96.4±3.7.Conclusion Krackow and tendon-bundle techniques can improve the strength of the suture used for the Achilles tendon repair and ensure good matching for broken ends,and thus it is an effective repair method for closed Achilles tendon injury.     

A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing conventional to minimally invasive approaches for repair of an Achilles tendon rupture

Achilles tendon ruptures are a common injury afflicting predominantly the young male occasional sportsman. Previous studies have shown that outcome is better with surgical repair for the young active patient. There is no consensus as to whether there is a difference in outcome between open and percutaneous minimally invasive surgery (MIS). A meta-analysis was undertaken to compare the clinical outcomes of MIS with conventional open surgical repair. Six randomised controlled trials of 277 Achilles tendon repairs were eligible for review. This included 136 minimally invasive repairs and 141 conventional open repairs. On analysis, there was no significant difference between the two surgical approaches in respect to the incidence of re-rupture, tissue adhesion, sural nerve injury, deep infection and deep vein thrombosis (p > 0.05). However, MIS had a significantly reduced risk of superficial wound infection, with three times greater patient satisfaction for good to excellent results compared with conventional open surgical approaches.     

Achilles tendon rupture and tendinopathy: management of complications

Ailments of the Achilles tendon are on the increase and present in athletic and sedentary patients. The management of tendinopathy and rupture is not codified; Achilles tendon rupture and tendinopathy can be managed conservatively or surgically. Tackling the complications that arise from the management of these conditions provides a formidable challenge to the surgeon. Rupture, rerupture, disordered scarring with potential keloid formation, nerve damage (especially the sural nerve), poor healing, infection, bleeding and hematoma formation, wound dehiscence, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and loss of function have been reported. This article gives an up-to-date account on our personal views of managing complications following Achilles tendon rupture, tendinopathy, and delayed rupture.     

Treatment of acute achilles tendon rupture with the panda rope bridge technique

IntroductionAlthough nonsurgical methods and many surgical techniques have been developed for repairing a ruptured Achilles tendon, there is no consensus on its best treatment. In this article, a novel minimally invasive technique called the Panda Rope Bridge Technique (PRBT) is described.MethodsPatient with acute Achilles tendon rupture was operated on in the prone position. The PRBT begin with making the proximal bridge anchor (Krackow sutures in the myotendinous junction), the distal bridge anchor (two suture anchors in the calcaneus bone) and the ropes (threads of the suture anchors) stretched between the anchor sites. Then a small incision was made to debride and reattach the stumps of ruptured tendon. After the surgery, no cast or splint fixation was applied. All patients performed enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), which included immediate ankle mobilisation from day 1, full weight-bearing walking from day 5 to 7, and gradually take part in athletic exercises from 8 weeks postoperatively.ResultsPBRT was performed in 11patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture between June 2012 and June 2015. No wound infection, fistula, skin necrosis, sural nerve damage, deep venous thrombosis or tendon re-rupture was found. One year after the surgery, all patients reported 100 AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score points and the mean ATRS was 96.6.ConclusionThe PRBT is a simple, effective and minimally invasive technique, with no need for immobilisation of the ankle, making possible immediate and aggressive postoperative rehabilitation.     

塑型卵圆钳经皮缝合与切开缝合治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂的对照研究

目的 比较塑型卵圆钳经皮微创缝合技术和切开缝合技术治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法 回顾性研究自2014年1月至2016年10月收治的73例新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂病人,最终入组共70例,根据手术方式的不同分为两组：微创组（36例）借助自制的塑型卵圆钳,通过小切口经皮缝合修复跟腱;常规组（34例）采用常规跟腱内侧纵行切口,连续锁边缝合修复跟腱。记录两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症、恢复至伤前运动水平的时间、末次随访时的美国足踝外科医师协会（American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society, AOFAS）踝与后足功能评分,术后1年复查MRI评估跟腱修复状况。结果 两组病人获得16~44个月（平均30个月）随访,其中微创组手术时间为（45.34±6.73） min,术中出血量为（15.12±4.11） ml;常规组手术时间为（69.33±13.44） min,术中出血量为（25.47±7.19） ml,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。微创组2例病人切口延迟愈合,2例出现线结刺激症状,1例腓肠神经损伤,1例于术后半年外伤后再断裂;常规组3例伤口浅表感染,2例出现深部感染,无腓肠神经损伤及跟腱再断裂。末次随访AOFAS评分：微创组为（95.81±2.35）分,常规组为（93.61±4.83）分;微创组有29例病人（21.0±4.7）周（20~24周）恢复至伤前运动水平,常规组有26例（23.0±3.5）周（21~31周）恢复至伤前运动水平;上述指标比较,差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。术后1年MRI均显示跟腱连续性完整,未观察到跟腱囊性变。结论 自制塑型卵圆钳经皮缝合技术修复新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂手术时间短,术后恢复更快,且并不增加跟腱再断裂发生率。