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目的 评价经不同干燥与提取方式处理后的人源胎盘样品对斑马鱼贫血模型的影响。方法 取健康产妇新鲜胎盘,经-40℃冷却后于真空冷冻干燥机中冷冻干燥,研磨成粉,制成胎盘冻干粉;取健康产妇的新鲜胎盘,于90℃热风循环烘箱中烘干,研磨成粉,制成胎盘烘干粉。胎盘冻干粉或烘干粉分别经胰蛋白酶酶解提取、梯度溶剂(依次为水、50%乙醇水、无水乙醇、二氯甲烷)提取。发育至56 h(56 hpf)的健康野生型AB系斑马鱼分为对照组、模型组、给药组,对照组给予斑马鱼养殖水,模型组给予0.1 μg·mL-1苯肼溶液制备贫血模型,给药组给予苯肼与胎盘冻干粉或烘干粉各提取样品,样品质量浓度分别为10、20、50、100 μg·mL-1,培养至3 dpf,采用O-dianisidine染色法对斑马鱼进行红细胞染色。结果 与对照组比较,模型组红细胞染色积分吸光度显著下降(P<0.001)。与模型组比较,胎盘冻干粉酶解样品100 μg·mL-1组,水提样品10、20、50、100 μg·mL-1组,醇提样品20、100 μg·mL-1组,50%醇提样品10、20 μg·mL-1组,二氯甲烷提取样品10、20、50、100 μg·mL-1组红细胞染色积分吸光度显著增加(P<0.05、0.001);胎盘冻干粉酶解样品20 μg·mL-1组,水提样品10、20 μg·mL-1组,醇提样品20、50、100 μg·mL-1组,二氯甲烷提取样品50、100 μg·mL-1组红细胞染色积分吸光度显著增加(P<0.05、0.01、0.001)。经酶解、水提取及二氯甲烷提取的胎盘冻干粉样品和经水提取、醇提取及二氯甲烷提取的胎盘烘干粉样品作用呈浓度相关性,其中冻干粉水提取样品100 μg·mL-1效果最佳,染色后的红细胞积分吸光度达到对照组的94.77%。结论 人源胎盘样品处理方式可优先选择冻干技术结合水提取方式。 相似文献
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目的 应用斑马鱼模型评价紫河车冻干粉水提物(PHFAE)抗衰老的功效。方法 将健康产妇新鲜胎盘冷冻干燥后碾磨为粉,并使用蒸馏水进行提取,制成紫河车冻干粉水提物(PHFAE)。发育8 h (8 hpf)的AB系斑马鱼使用PHFAE(0、1、10、25 μg·mL-1)连续作用72 h,对其体内β-半乳糖苷酶进行染色。随后将AB系与皮肤荧光转基因斑马鱼均随机分成对照组、模型组和PHFAE (1、10、25 μg·mL-1)组,对照组给予培养水,模型组给予0.5 mmol·L-1 H2O2溶液制备氧化损伤模型,PHFAE组同时给予H2O2与不同浓度PHFAE,连续作用72 h后,测定皮肤表面荧光斑点的数量;试剂盒法检测鱼体内活性氧(ROS)含量;实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测ampk、mdm2、Cu/Zn-sod和Mn-sod的mRNA表达变化。结果 与对照组比较,1、10、25 μg·mL-1的PHFAE组斑马鱼体内β-半乳糖苷酶的活性均显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,1、10、25 μg·mL-1的PHFAE显著抑制H2O2诱导的角质细胞的死亡(P<0.01),明显抑制ROS的积聚,显著升高ampk、mdm2、Cu/Zn-sod和Mn-sod的mRNA表达(P<0.01)。结论 PHFAE通过调控ampk、mdm2、Cu/Zn-sod和Mn-sod基因的表达,提高了机体的抗氧化能力,进而发挥抗衰老之功效。 相似文献
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目的 评价高良姜素(GA)对斑马鱼整体形态及心、肝、肾主要脏器的影响。方法 采用不同浓度(1、2、4、6、8、12、18、28、30、32、64 μmol·L-1)高良姜素处理受精后48 h(48 hpf)的斑马鱼,给药24、48 h后(24、48 hpe),计算斑马鱼死亡率和畸形率;显微镜下观察高良姜素对斑马鱼形态、心率、心包面积、静脉窦-动脉球(SV-BA)距离、肝脏、卵黄囊吸收及眼部水肿情况的影响。结果 斑马鱼暴露在1、2、4、6、8、12 μmol·L-1浓度下的高良姜素均无死亡;24 hpe,高良姜素对斑马鱼的半数致死浓度(LC50)为30 μmol·L-1;48 hpe的LC50为28 μmol·L-1。与空白对照组比较,24 hpe ,浓度≥ 8 μmol·L-1的高良姜素处理斑马鱼畸形率显著上升(P<0.05);48 hpe,浓度≥6 μmol·L-1的高良姜素处理斑马鱼畸形率显著升高(P<0.01)。与空白对照组相比,4 μmol·L-1及以下浓度的高良姜素对斑马鱼形态及心、肝、肾无明显影响。与空白对照组相比,在24 hpe,8 μmol·L-1高良姜素组斑马鱼发育评分、相对体长显著降低(P<0.001),心脏出现轻微的心包水肿、心包面积显著增加(P<0.05)、心率及SV-BA距离无明显变化,肝脏面积和肝脏荧光强度显著减小(P< 0.001),卵黄囊面积显著增加(P<0.001),肾脏无明显变化;在48 hpe,6 μmol·L-1浓度及以上高良姜素组发育评分显著降低(P<0.05、0.001),斑马鱼心脏出现轻微的心包水肿、心包面积显著增加(P<0.001)、心率显著减小(P<0.01)、SV-BA距离显著增加(P< 0.01),肝脏面积和肝脏荧光强度显著减小(P<0.01、0.001),卵黄囊面积显著增加(P<0.01、0.001),8 μmol·L-1组相对体长显著降低(P<0.001)。结论 高良姜素在4 μmol·L-1及以下对斑马鱼无毒性影响;6 μmol·L-1及以上浓度对斑马鱼有轻微的心脏毒性和肝脏毒性,在临床应用中要合理控制用量。 相似文献
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目的 基于斑马鱼模型探究水溶性姜黄素制剂对血栓形成和炎症消退的作用。方法 随机挑选受精后3 d的斑马鱼分为对照组、模型组、阳性药对照组、水溶性姜黄素制剂(姜黄素质量分数为10%,125、250、500、1 000、2 000 μg·mL-1)组、普通姜黄素(姜黄素质量分数为95%,125、250、500、1 000、2 000 μg·mL-1)组,每组30尾。除对照组外,其余组使用花生四烯酸、脂多糖、五水合硫酸铜分别诱导建立血栓、细菌性炎症和神经性炎症模型。通过观察分析斑马鱼红细胞染色强度和炎症部位中性粒细胞个数来评价水溶性姜黄素制剂抑制血栓形成和抗炎作用。结果 与对照组比较,模型组斑马鱼心脏红细胞染色强度明显减少(P<0.001)、炎症部位中性粒细胞个数明显增多(P<0.001);与模型组比较,水溶性姜黄素制剂≥250 μg·mL-1质量浓度时能显著抑制血栓形成、消退炎症,主要表现为斑马鱼心脏红细胞染色强度显著升高(P<0.001)、炎症部位中性粒细胞个数明显减少(P<0.05、0.01、0.001);姜黄素在≥1 000 μg·mL-1时能显著抑制血栓形成(P<0.01、0.001),≥500 μg·mL-1时能显著消退炎症(P<0.05、0.01、0.001)。姜黄素为水溶性姜黄素制剂给药浓度2~8倍的条件下,才能达到相同的抑制血栓和炎症形成的效果。结论 与普通姜黄素组比较,在相同给药浓度下,水溶性姜黄素制剂具有更好的抑制血栓形成和抗炎作用。 相似文献
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目的 研究原儿茶醛对环磷酰胺(CTX)所致急性肾损伤的预防作用及其机制。方法 将 24 只 SPF 级雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组及原儿茶醛低、高剂量(15、30 mg·kg-1)组,每组各 6 只。对照组和模型组 ig 给予 0.9% 氯化钠溶液,原儿茶醛低、高剂量组每日 1 次 ig 对应药物。连续给药 14 d,末次给药 1 h 后,除对照组外,其余各组单次 ip 给药CTX (200 mg·kg-1)。次日,在称体质量麻醉后取血和肾脏,分离血清,检测小鼠血清肌酐 (CRE)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)等生化指标;采用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察肾脏病理损伤情况;采用荧光染色检测小鼠肾脏 TUNEL 的表达情况;采用 Western blotting 检测 B 淋巴细胞瘤 2(Bcl-2)和 Bcl-2 相关 X 蛋白(BAX)等凋亡相关蛋白的表达情况。结果 与对照组比较,模型组小鼠的肾脏指数显著降低(P<0.01);血清 CRE 水平显著升高(P<0.001);血清 SOD、CAT、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平显著降低(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),丙二醛(MDA)水平显著升高(P<0.01);模型组小鼠肾脏细胞排列错乱、可见明显的炎症细胞浸润,伴随肾小管空泡变性和肾小管扩张;模型组小鼠肾脏 TUNEL 阳性表达显著增多(P<0.001);且肾脏天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶 3(Caspase-3)和 Bcl-2 的表达显著下降(P<0.01、0.001),而 cleaved-Caspase3、BAX 蛋白的表达显著上升(P<0.01、0.001)。与模型组比较,原儿茶醛低、高剂量组小鼠肾脏指数均显著增加(P<0.05);原儿茶醛高剂量组小鼠血清中的 CRE 水平明显降低(P<0.001);原儿茶醛低、高剂量组小鼠血清中 SOD、CAT、GSH-Px 水平显著上升(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),MDA 水平显著下降(P<0.05);原儿茶醛低、高剂量组肾脏组织细胞排列比较规整,炎症细胞浸润及肾小管空泡变性和肾小管扩张等病理改变少见;原儿茶醛低、高剂量组肾脏 TUNEL 阳性表达有所下降 (P<0.01、0.001),Caspase-3 和 Bcl-2 蛋白表达显著上升 (P<0.05、0.01、0.001),cleaved-Caspase-3 和 BAX 蛋白表达显著下降(P<0.01、0.001),呈剂量相关性。结论 原儿茶醛可预防 CTX所致急性肾损伤,其机制可能与抗细胞凋亡有关。 相似文献
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目的 探讨白头翁皂苷 B4和常春藤皂苷 C(HSC,又名白头翁皂苷 B5)质量比为 4∶1的组合物对帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病模型小鼠的保护作用及机制。方法 取60只健康雄性C57BL/6小鼠,随机抽取10只作为对照组,剩余50只小鼠ip1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶(MPTP)制备帕金森病(PD)模型,模型构建成功后随机分为模型组、左旋多巴胺片(阳性对照,30 mg·kg-1)组和白头翁皂苷B4+HSC高、中、低剂量(20、10、5 mg·kg-1)组,每组10只,ig给药14 d,每天1次,对照、模型组小鼠ig等量0.9%的氯化钠溶液。每2天观察动物震颤行为出现与消失的时间,于给药第7、14天展开行为学实验并记录评分;HE染色法观察脑组织黑质病理学变化;免疫组化检测脑组织 α-突触核蛋白表达;实时荧光定量 PCR(qRTPCR)检测小鼠脑组织多巴胺转运体(DAT)、酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)mRNA表达。将 50只 APP/PS1转基因小鼠随机分为模型组、盐酸多奈哌齐(阳性药,1.5 mg·kg-1)组和白头翁皂苷B4+HSC高、中、低剂量(20、10、5 mg·kg-1)组,取 10只同背景 APP/PS1转基因阴性小鼠作为对照组,每天1次,连续ig给药28 d,模型组和对照组ig等量0.9%的氯化钠溶液。给药结束后进行行为学实验并记录评分;ELISA法检测小鼠血清中炎症因子白细胞介素(IL-6、IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平、环氧化酶 2(COX-2)和氧化应激因子活性氧(ROS),试剂盒检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平。结果 在 PD模型小鼠中,与模型组比较,白头翁皂苷 B4+HSC显著降低震颤麻痹评分(P<0.01、0.001),显著降低旷场实验评分(P<0.01、0.001),显著降低爬杆实验评分(P<0.01、0.001),显著降低悬挂实验评分(P<0.01、0.001),显著降低游泳实验评分(P<0.01、0.001),显著降低行为学实验综合评分(P<0.001),明显改善黑质体结构损伤,明显降低α-突触核蛋白表达,显著升高小鼠脑组织DAT和TH mRNA水平(P<0.05、0.01、0.001)。在AD模型小鼠中,与模型组比较,白头翁皂苷 B4+HSC显著缩短水迷宫定位航行实验逃避潜伏期(P<0.001),明显延长在目标象限的累计停留时间(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),显著增加准确穿越平台所在位置的次数(P<0.05、0.01),显著降低血清炎症因子水平(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),显著降低 ROS水平、升高 SOD和 GSH-Px的水平(P<0.05、0.01、0.001)。结论 白头翁皂苷+HSC对 PD和 AD小鼠具有保护作用,可能通过发挥抗炎、抗氧化,改善脑组织和神经元损伤等来实现。 相似文献
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目的 探讨注射用益气复脉(冻干)(YQFM)对心力衰竭感染性休克大鼠的药效作用。方法 通过结扎冠状动脉左前降支以及尾静脉推注脂多糖(LPS,25 mg·kg-1)的方法建立心力衰竭感染性休克大鼠模型,随机将造模后大鼠分为模型组,肾上腺素(10 μg·kg-1)组,YQFM低、高剂量(232.2、464.3 mg·kg-1)组,联合给药(肾上腺素10 μg·kg-1+YQFM 464.3 mg·kg-1)组,假手术组进行同样操作但不结扎不推注LPS。造模后即给药,尾iv给药1次,模型组和假手术组大鼠给予等体积的0.9%氯化钠注射液。使用八通道无创血压仪检测造模前、造模后及给药后大鼠收缩压变化;ELISA法检测各组大鼠血清中脑钠肽(BNP)、氨基端前心钠肽(NT-proANP)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平。结果 各组大鼠的基础收缩压无显著性差异,与假手术组比较,造模各组大鼠收缩压显著降低(P<0.001);与模型组比较,各给药组大鼠收缩压显著回升(P<0.05、0.001)。与假手术组相比,模型组血清NT-proANP、BNP、CK-MB、LDH、ALT、AST水平显著升高(P<0.001),SOD水平显著降低(P<0.001);与模型组相比,肾上腺素组,YQFM 232.2、464.3 mg·kg-1组和联合给药组的NT-proANP、BNP、CK-MB、LDH、ALT、AST水平均显著下降(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),肾上腺素组、YQFM 464.3 mg·kg-1组和联合给药组SOD水平显著升高(P<0.05、0.01、0.001)。结论 YQFM可以显著回升心力衰竭感染性休克大鼠的收缩压水平,改善血清中相关生化指标水平,并且与肾上腺素联合应用效果最好。 相似文献
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目的 探讨丹参酮IIA(TA)对再灌注致心律失常的改善作用及机制。方法 取60只SD大鼠随机分为6组:对照组,模型组,TA低、高剂量(10、20 mg·kg-1)组,蛋白激酶C (PKC)激活剂PMA (5 mg·kg-1)组,TA (20 mg·kg-1)联合PKC抑制剂Rottlerin (5 mg·kg-1)组,每组10只。构建SD大鼠心肌缺血再灌注(I/R)模型,缺血30 min再灌注30 min;再灌注期间记录各组小鼠Ⅱ导联心电图并对再灌注后心律失常严重性进行评分;再灌注结束后,取颈静脉血采用试剂盒检测心肌损伤指标肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和心肌肌钙蛋白(cTnT)水平;取左心室心脏组织,使用试剂盒检测丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测PKC、缝隙连接蛋白43(Cx43)mRNA表达,Western blotting法检测PKC、Cx43蛋白表达水平和磷酸化水平。结果 与模型组比较,TA 2个剂量组和PKC激活剂PMA组CK-MB、LDH、AST、cTnT、MDA水平均显著降低,SOD活性显著升高,室性早搏(PVB)次数、室性心动过速(VT)次数和持续时间以及心室颤动(VF)次数和持续时间显著减少,心律失常评分显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05、0.01、0.001) ;而TA联合PKC抑制剂组显著削弱TA的作用(P<0.05、0.01、0.001) ;与模型组相比,TA 2个剂量组和PMA组Cx43 mRNA表达和磷酸化水平显著升高(P<0.01、0.001) ,而PKC抑制剂使TA的作用显著减弱(P<0.05、0.001)。结论 TA通过激活PKC调控Cx43表达和磷酸化而改善再灌注后心律失常,减轻心肌I/R损伤。 相似文献
9.
目的 以注射用益气复脉(冻干)生产过程中弃去的固体废弃物为例,探讨生脉类制剂生产过程中红参、麦冬、五味子固体废弃物组合(SMGFW)对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法 将280只SPF级ICR雄性小鼠随机分成4组:对照组和SMGFW低、中、高剂量(0.86、1.71、3.43 g·kg-1)组,每组70只。通过刀豆蛋白A(ConA)诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化实验、绵羊红细胞(SRBC)诱导小鼠足跖增厚实验、抗体生成细胞检测实验、半数溶血值(HC50)测定实验、碳廓清实验、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验(半体内法)和NK细胞活性测定实验(乳酸脱氢酶测定法)评价SMGFW增强小鼠免疫功能的作用。结果 与对照组比较,SMGFW低剂量组小鼠血清抗体水平显著增加(P<0.001);SMGFW中剂量组小鼠脾脏指数显著增加(P<0.05),小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖率显著增加(P<0.001),小鼠足跖差值显著增加(P<0.001),小鼠溶血空斑数显著增加(P<0.001),小鼠血清抗体水平显著增加(P<0.001),小鼠碳廓清吞噬指数显著增加(P<0.05),小鼠巨噬细胞对鸡红细胞吞噬百分率显著增加(P<0.001),吞噬指数显著增加(P<0.001),小鼠NK细胞活性显著增加(P<0.001);SMGFW高剂量组小鼠体质量增加值显著降低(P<0.01),小鼠足跖差值显著增加(P<0.001),小鼠溶血空斑数显著增加(P<0.001),小鼠血清抗体水平显著增加(P<0.001),小鼠巨噬细胞对鸡红细胞吞噬百分率显著增加(P<0.05),吞噬指数显著增加(P<0.01),小鼠NK细胞活性显著增加(P<0.01)。结论 生脉类制剂生产过程中红参、麦冬、五味子固体废弃物组合具有增强小鼠免疫功能的作用。 相似文献
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目的 研究紫河车冻干粉改善睡眠的作用及机制。方法 利用ip氯苯丙氨酸(PCPA)法制备大鼠失眠模型,设置对照组、模型组和紫河车冻干粉低、中、高剂量(0.09、0.18、0.36 g·kg-1)组,每天ig给药1次,连续给药7 d,对照组和模型组ig等量去离子水。通过检测体质量增长量、一般观察、翻正实验、旷场实验、强迫游泳实验、悬尾实验评价紫河车冻干粉改善睡眠的作用;利用Western blotting技术检测γ-氨基丁酸转氨酶(GABA-T)、谷氨酸脱羧酶-65(GAD65)、γ-氨基丁酸转运体1(GAT1)蛋白的表达水平。结果 与模型组比较,紫河车冻干粉低、中、高剂量组大鼠体质量增加量显著升高(P<0.01);中、高剂量紫河车冻干粉具有显著缩短睡眠潜伏期(P<0.05)、显著延长睡眠时间(P<0.01)的作用;高剂量紫河车冻干粉使大鼠中央格停留时间显著延长(P<0.01)、中央格穿格次数显著增多(P<0.05)、站立次数和修饰次数显著增多(P<0.01),说明高剂量紫河车冻干粉能够减轻失眠大鼠焦虑情绪,增强自发探索活动能力;高剂量紫河车冻干粉使大鼠漂浮时间缩短(P<0.05),挣扎时间延长(P<0.01),说明高剂量紫河车冻干粉能够减轻失眠大鼠的抑郁状态。Western blotting结果显示,与模型组相比,紫河车冻干粉处理组大鼠下丘脑组织中GABA-T的表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),GAD65、GAT-1的表达水平显著升高(P<0.05、0.01)。结论 紫河车冻干粉可能通过调控GABA-T、GAD65、GAT-1蛋白的表达水平,发挥改善睡眠的作用。 相似文献
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Exposure to footshock (1 mA) for 30 sec induced a marked analgesia that was enhanced by pretreatment with the 5HT synthesis inhibitor, p-chlorophenylalanine, and attenuated by the 5HT releasing drugs p-chloroamphetamine and fenfluramine, by the 5HT re-uptake inhibitor, fluoxetine and by the 5HT agonists, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and MK212. However, agonists, quipazine and trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine, with greated reported affinities for 5HT binding sites on rat brain membranes than MK212 were without effect as were the antagonists metergoline, methysergide, cyproheptadine, mianserine and methiothepin. The specific opioid antagonist naloxone was also without effect. The results in general indicate that analgesia induced by brief footshock (1 mA, 30 sec) is inversely related to 5HT availability but thereis little evidence of involvement of known 5HT receptors. 相似文献
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14.
To evaluate the effects of caffeine and cocaine on the impairment of discriminative motor control produced by midazolam, rats were trained to hold a force transducer operated with a paw so that it remained between upper and lower limits of a force band for a continuous 1.5-s period to deliver each food pellet. Acute doses of 3 mg/kg midazolam SC impaired motor performance. Except for one animal, caffeine (10-40 mg/kg IP) had little or no effect on performance, while cocaine (3.75-22.5 mg/kg IP) produced dose-related impairment. When each dose of caffeine was combined with 3 mg/kg midazolam, a marked synergism in motor performance impairment occurred. Cocaine plus midazolam produced mainly an additive synergism. The conspicuous synergistic action of caffeine on the motor control deficit produced by midazolam contrasts with the typical antagonism found between the benzodiazepines and methylxanthines when performance is evaluated by psychomotor tests not requiring fine motor control. 相似文献
15.
The oxidative deamination of tyramine (Tyr), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and β-phenylethylamine (PEA) by mitochondrial preparations of rabbit lung and brain was inhibited by imipramine. This tricyclic iminodibenzyl antidepressant drug was most effective in decreasing the deamination of PEA: at 1 × 10?4M imipramine, deamination of PEA, Tyr and 5-HT was inhibited by approximately 70, 45 and 45 per cent, respectively, when either lung or brain mitochondrial monoamine oxidase (MAO) preparations were used. Imipramine-induced inhibition of MAO was shown to be of a mixed type based on Lineweaver-Burk plots, but was found to be completely reversible. The desmcthyl and didesmethyl derivatives of imipramine were equally as effective as the parent drug in inhibiting the deamination of PEA, whereas the N-oxide analog of imipramine was less effective as an inhibitor of this reaction. These results support the premise that the action of imipramine as a clinically effective antidepressive agent may be related to its inhibitory effect on the specific form of MAO which deaminates PEA. 相似文献
16.
A Koyama J Mori H Tokuda M Waku H Anno T Katayama K Murakami H Komatsu M Hirata T Arai 《The Japanese journal of antibiotics》1986,39(3):761-771
Cefotiam (CTM) is a new cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Cephalosporins are widely used for prophylaxis of infections in patients undergoing thoracotomy. Augmentation by serrapeptase on tissue permeation of CTM was examined in 35 thoracotomy patients with lung cancer. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the method of the administration of CTM. Group I consisted of 17 subjects, each of whom received a single dose of 2 g of CTM alone by an instillation for 30 minutes. Group II consisted of 18 subjects, each of whom received a combination of CTM and serrapeptase; serrapeptase was given 2 tablets (10 mg) each time for three times/day until the day before surgery, and then CTM was administered by the same procedure. The following results were obtained: Individual difference was observed for the permeation of CTM into tissues. Pathologic differences also affected the permeation. Nevertheless, the CTM levels in pulmonary tissues reached about a half of those in the blood in both the single dose group and the combination group, hence sufficient concentrations exceeding MIC80 for main microorganisms that caused infections in the lung were obtained. The concentrations of CTM in inflammatory tissues have showed lower levels than those of normal tissues in both CTM single dose and the combination groups. Decrease of blood flow volume may have contributed to the reduction in levels of CTM in the inflammatory tissues. The ratio of the concentration of the drug in pulmonary tissues to that in the blood was 29.1 +/- 2.5% in the single dose group, and 44.2 +/- 6.0% in the combination group, the latter showing quite a significant increase (P less than 0.05). Combined administrations of CTM and serrapeptase deserves more trials in the case when surgical treatments of the lung are performed. An antiinflammatory effect of serrapeptase in the respiratory system is expected, and in addition, the combined use of CTM and serrapeptase should stimulate permeation of the antibiotic into tissues. 相似文献
17.
Summary We have carried out a study to evaluate the interference by cephalosporins with the measurement of creatinine by desk-top analyzers. The cephalosporins evaluated at concentrations of 0–250 mg/l were cefazolin sodium, cefoxitin sodium, cefotaxime sodium, and ceftazidime pentahydrate. The instruments evaluated were DT60 (Kodak, Rochester, USA), Seralyzer (Ames Division, Miles Laboratories, IN, USA), and Vision (Abbott Labs, Chicago, USA). All studies were done in plasma.None of the cephalosporins showed any interference with the DT60 analyzer. With the Vision and Seralyzer no interference was seen with cefotaxime or cefazolin. With cefazolin an increase of 10–20 µmol/l creatinine was seen for every 20 mg/l of drug; with cefoxitin there was an increase of 50–80 µmol/l of creatinine for every 100 mg/l of drug.Erroneous creatinine values may be found in patients taking cefazolin and cefoxitin and may lead to inappropriate clinical management. 相似文献
18.
Using the decerebrate—spinal Lloyd preparation morphine depressed evoked mono- and polysynaptic reflex activity, β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone enhanced monosynaptic reflex activity, and tetracosactin had no effect. When morphine injection was preceded either by β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone or by tetracosactin a statistically significant depression was not observed. The stimulant actions of β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone did not appear to account for its capacity to antagonize morphine. The fall of blood pressure which follows the administration of morphine in this preparation was not antagonized by the prior administration of either polypeptide. 相似文献
19.
Leiva M Moreno E Ruiz-Bravo A Jimenez-Valera M 《International journal of antimicrobial agents》2005,25(3):252-255
To test the role of bacterial fractions released from intestinal flora during immunomodulation by antimicrobial agents, BALB/c mice were treated with the non-absorbable antibiotics polymyxin B or teicoplanin by the intragastric route. The composition of faecal microbiota and the capacity of spleen cells to proliferate in response to B-cell and T-cell mitogens were assessed at several times during the treatment. Both antibiotics lowered the count of some bacteria of the intestinal flora and induced significant modifications in spleen cell ability to proliferate in response to mitogens. Thus, the active fractions released from intestinal bacteria during antibiotic treatments may be able to induce immunomodulating effects. 相似文献