左髂静脉受压综合征并发下肢深静脉血栓形成的综合介入治疗

目的 探讨介入治疗髂髂静脉受压综合征并发左下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床价值.方法 对28例左髂静脉受压综合征并发左下肢深静脉血栓形成患者采用经颈静脉插管溶栓、左髂静脉球囊扩张及支架治疗,部分血栓已蔓延至下腔静脉的患者在溶栓前行下腔静脉滤器置入.结果 28例患者均在术前彩色多普勒超声检查及术中造影检查明确诊断;5例行可回收性下腔静脉滤器置入,所有患者均经颈静脉置入溶栓导管于髂股静脉进行溶栓治疗,髂股静脉血栓溶解率100%,溶栓后均予以球囊扩张左髂总静脉,其中6例置入髂静脉支架.术后肢体肿胀症状明显减轻或消失,随访3～12个月临床效果满意.结论 采用滤器置入、经颈静脉溶栓、髂静脉球囊扩张及支架治疗左髂静脉受压综合征并发左下肢深静脉血栓形成是一种安全、微创、有效的治疗手段,具有较好的效果,值得临床推广.     

同期血栓机械清除联合髂静脉支架植入治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成12例北大核心CSCD

目的评价经皮机械血栓清除术(PMT)联合髂静脉支架植入一期治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的可行性、安全性及有效性。方法 2014年12月至2016年1月收治12例急性下肢DVT伴左侧髂静脉受压综合征(IVCS)患者,男3例,女9例,平均年龄(50.42±16.21)岁;均有左下肢肿胀、疼痛症状,其中中央型3例,混合型9例。所有患者术前均置入下腔静脉滤器,术后取出。Angio Jet血栓清除导管PMT术、球囊扩张和髂静脉支架植入均在同期完成,复查造影有残余血栓时保留鞘管,给予溶栓治疗。术后1、3、6、12个月门诊随访,彩色超声和(或)下肢静脉造影复查了解深静脉及支架内血流通畅情况。结果 12例患者均同期完成手术,技术成功率100%。手术时间60~110 min,平均(96.25±14.32)min;血栓抽吸时间51~280 s,平均(199.92±74.89)s。血栓清除率Ⅲ级10例,Ⅱ级2例,临床症状均得到缓解。除部分患者在左髂总静脉球囊扩张中有不同程度疼痛外,无肺栓塞、严重出血等并发症发生。平均随访(5.58±2.75)个月,11例彩色超声和(或)下肢静脉造影提示深静脉及髂静脉支架内血流通畅,1例脑星形细胞瘤手术患者复发。结论同期PMT联合髂静脉支架植入治疗急性下肢DVT方法安全可行,初步临床疗效满意。     

急性左下肢深静脉血栓形成伴髂静脉受压综合征一站式介入治疗临床效果和流程分析

目的 探讨一站式经皮机械清除血栓(PMT)和髂静脉成形术治疗急性左下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)伴髂静脉受压综合征(IVCS)安全性、有效性及流程.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年12月在广东省中医院接受一站式PMT、经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)和髂静脉支架植入术治疗的41例急性左下肢DVT伴IVCS患者临床资...     

机械性血栓清除术联合同期髂静脉支架植入治疗合并左髂静脉受压综合征的急性下肢深静脉血栓形成

目的：评价经皮机械性血栓清除术联合同期髂静脉支架植入治疗合并左髂静脉受压综合征的急性下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）形成的可行性、安全性及有效性。 方法：选取2015年4月-2017年6月收治左髂静脉受压综合征伴急性下肢DVT的患者33例,发病时间6 h-14 d,平均年龄（57.97±14.44）岁。所有患者均在滤器保护下进行治疗。AngioJet血栓清除术、球囊扩张和髂静脉支架植入均在同期完成,术后保留鞘管予以溶栓治疗,每天复查造影,若血栓完全溶解,取出下腔静脉滤器并结束溶栓。术后第1、3、6、12个月进行门诊随访,行彩色超声和（或）下肢静脉造影检查了解下肢深静脉及髂支架内血流通畅情况。 结果：33例患者均同期完成手术,技术成功率100%,AngioJet抽吸时间为（224.70±72.78）s,溶栓时间（34.00±15.37）h,尿激酶用量（112.58±49.92）万U。33例患者同期植入髂静脉支架33枚。血栓清除率Ⅲ级患者29例,血栓清除率Ⅱ级患者4例。无出血、症状性肺栓等严重并发症发生。术后随访1例患者术后两月血栓复发,32例患者术后随访超声和（或）下肢静脉造影检查提示下肢深静脉及髂静脉支架内血流通畅。 结论：机械性血栓清除术联合同期髂静脉支架植入治疗合并左髂静脉受压综合征的急性下肢深静脉血栓形成是一种安全有效的方法。     

经颈静脉介入治疗不同类型左髂静脉压迫综合征伴血栓形成

目的 评价经颈静脉介入治疗不同类型左髂静脉压迫综合征(IVCS)伴血栓形成的疗效.方法 120例左IVCS伴血栓形成的患者,全部经颈静脉插管行尿激酶溶栓治疗,52例患者施行腔静脉滤器置入、65例行左髂总静脉成形术.结果 120例包括左髂总静脉闭塞或重度狭窄伴髂股静脉血栓68例,左髂总静脉闭塞或狭窄伴髂股静脉及下腔静脉血栓32例及左髂总静脉轻度狭窄(＜60%)伴髂股静脉血栓或下腔静脉血栓20例.血栓完全溶解98例,部分溶解22例.55例随访2～24个月,血栓复发2例,髂静脉支架闭塞2例.结论 经颈静脉介入治疗不同类型左IVCS伴血栓形成是一种安全、有效的方法.     

溶栓导管治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床应用

目的评价溶栓导管治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的疗效。方法2003年4月～2004年10月,32例左下肢DVT患者施行了溶栓导管置入术,采用抗凝及经溶栓导管脉冲式灌注尿激酶治疗。其中行下腔静脉滤器置入术11例、行髂总静脉球囊扩张术10例,行髂总静脉支架置入术2例。结果溶栓导管平均放置时间为(7.7±2.3)d。下肢水肿完全消退28例,部分消退4例。左下肢深静脉血栓完全溶解29例,其中12例存在左髂静脉受压综合征;血栓部分溶解3例。无出血、肺动脉栓塞等并发症。结论采用溶栓导管治疗下肢DVT是一种安全、有效的方法。     

髂静脉受压综合征及继发血栓形成的介入治疗

目的 探讨髂静脉受压综合征(ICS)及继发深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的介入治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析125例经DSA明确诊断为ICS及继发DVT的患者资料,其中单纯ICS患者39例,ICS继发DVT患者86例.对不伴有新鲜血栓的髂静脉受压及髂静脉狭窄、闭塞的患者行经皮腔内血管成形术和自膨支架置入术,对伴有髂、股静脉新鲜血栓的髂静脉受压患者在置入下腔静脉滤器后行经导管血栓抽吸、机械性血栓消融、腔内血管成形、支架置入术及经导管溶栓.采用卡方检验对单纯ICS患者及ICS继发DVT患者出院时和出院后6个月的治疗有效率和优良率进行比较.结果 39例单纯ICS患者中,38例实施了腔内成形和支架置入术;86例继发有DVT的ICS中,83例实施了各种腔内介入治疗.ICS患者及ICS继发DVT患者出院时的治疗有效率分别为97.4%(38/39)和96.5%(83/86),出院后6个月分别为96.3%(26/27)和90.2%(46/51),差异均无统计学意义(X2值分别为0.000和0.266,P值均>0.05);ICS患者及ICS继发DVT患者出院时的治疗优良率分别为94.9%(37/39)和79.1%(68/86),出院后6个月分别为92.6%(25/27)和68.6%(35/51),差异均有统计学意义(X2值分别为3.879和4.441,P值均<0.05).结论 介入治疗ICS及继发DVT安全、有效,并且应尽早发现和处理ICS.     

腔内介入治疗Cockett综合征伴左下肢深静脉血栓形成

目的 探讨Cockett综合征伴左下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)腔内介入治疗的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2015年1月收治的256例Cockett综合征伴左下肢DVT患者,采用经导管接触溶栓、球囊扩张闭塞/狭窄段或支架植入术治疗,比较治疗前后患肢周径差、远期通畅率.结果 256例Cockett综合征伴左下肢DVT患者中232例(90.6％)血栓完全溶解.24例(9.4％)部分溶解,治疗前后患肢大腿与小腿周径差分别为(7.12±2.15) cm、(4.57±2.81) cm.206例髂静脉重建患者中单纯球囊扩张46例,球囊扩张联合髂静脉支架植入160例;平均随访15个月(9～24个月),单纯球囊扩张患者失访3例,出现髂静脉闭塞26例(60.5％),血栓后综合征(PTS)21例(48.8％),球囊扩张联合支架植入患者失访11例,支架狭窄/闭塞13例(8.7％),PTS 15例(10.1％),两组闭塞/狭窄、PTS差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001).结论 导管接触溶栓、球囊扩张联合支架植入治疗Cockett综合征,具有确切的临床疗效.     

介入治疗急性左髂股静脉血栓——先溶栓或先扩张

目的 评价两种不同介入治疗程序(先溶栓或先扩张)在治疗急性左髂股静脉血栓中的近期疗效和并发症发生率的差异.方法 将45例急性左下肢中央型深静脉血栓患者分为两组.A组21例,经左侧胭静脉插入溶栓导管到髂股静脉血栓内,行导管溶栓,治疗后如有残留狭窄,再行球囊扩张或支架置人.B组24例,经左侧胭静脉置鞘,对左侧髂静脉和血栓先...     

髂静脉受压综合征腔内治疗的初步报告

目的评价腔内介入治疗(超声消融术、血管成形术及支架置入术)在治疗髂静脉受压综合征(IVCS)中的临床效果。方法经下肢深静脉造影确诊12例IVCS患者,经健侧股静脉穿刺置入下腔静脉滤器(8例)后,通过患肢股静脉小切口行超声消融术、腔内血管成形术及支架置入术治疗。结果12例IVCS患者髂静脉再通均获成功,无严重并发症发生。术后临床治愈8例,有效3例,无效1例。随访12~47月,1例术后8月管腔再闭(支架内血栓形成)。结论多项介入技术综合治疗IVCS是一种创伤小、安全有效的方法。     

Retroaortic left renal vein joining the left common iliac vein

Retroaortic left renal vein joining the left common iliac vein is a rare congenital anomaly in the development of the inferior vena cava. To our knowledge, only one case has been reported in the literature; however, its imaging features have never been described. A 27-year-old male presented with a 1-year history of recurrent right flank pain, dysuria, hematuria, and fever (39 °C). Computed tomography and MR venography showed a retroaortic left renal vein joining the left common iliac vein. We present the CT and MR venography findings and discuss their feasibility in showing this congenital anomaly. Received: 18 October 1999; Revised: 11 February 2000; Accepted: 15 February 2000     

Retroaortic left renal vein with renal vein hypertension causing hematuria

We describe a case of retroaortic left renal vein with hematuria. In this case, pullback pressure from the retroaortic left renal vein to the inferior vena cava revealed left renal vein hypertension according to criteria of the “nutcracker phenomenon.” We stress that left renal vein anomaly including retroaortic left renal vein can cause clinical symptoms such as hematuria.     

Popliteal vein aneurysm

The incidence of a popliteal vein aneurysm is extremely low. Two cases of this rare venous anomaly are described. The epidemiology, morphology, and diagnostic methods are discussed and the potentially dangerous complications and treatment methods are presented.     

Distinction of hepatic vein from portal vein by MR imaging

Fast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques are assuming importance in imaging of the abdomen in part due to their ability to produce images during breath-holding, which ensures high spatial resolution and no respiratory motion artifacts. One problem with rapid scanning of the liver, shared with other MR techniques, is confusion between portal and hepatic veins due to similarity in signal intensity. The fast low angle shot (FLASH) technique (flip angle 40 degrees, repetition time 28 ms, and echo time 16 ms) produces high signal in both venous systems. To remedy the problem we incorporated presaturation pulses applied across the portal and mesenteric veins to the FLASH technique; this induced a decrease in signal in the portal venous system and facilitated their differentiation from hepatic veins. Moreover, in one patient an intraportal tumor thrombus not detected on the standard FLASH technique was rendered visible by presaturation. Although the presaturation pulses in the present series were confined to the sagittal plane, the technique should be applicable in any plane as dictated by the anatomy and direction of blood flow. We anticipate wide use of combined presaturation and rapid scanning techniques.     

Anomalous intrapulmonal vein drainage and pulmonary vein connection in DSA

Anomalous pulmonary venous drainage can be detected and evaluated by angiographic studies. Now that intravenous DSA is available, this method can be used to demonstrate pulmonary venous return. This study presents the results of DSA examination in three patients having anomalous pulmonary vein connection with the left innominate vein and the superior vena cava respectively. In a fourth patient, intra-pulmonary atypical venous return could be demonstrated by DSA without anomalous connection. This minimal invasive procedure is diagnostically useful in anomalies of pulmonary veins when recommended post-processing techniques are evaluated, particularly in patients with additional cardiac septal defects.     

Ovarian vein thrombosis

Ovarian vein thrombosis is a well-known but rare entity, which can occur during the post-partum period. This condition has also been associated with inflammatory and malignant processes within the pelvis. Untreated, complications of ovarian vein thrombosis can be significant due to the associated sepsis and risk of pulmonary embolism. Diagnosis can be made with confidence using ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment of ovarian vein thrombosis is particularly important in the post-partum patients, with anticoagulation therapy being the current recommendation.