6432例住院分娩活产儿G-6-PD缺陷症筛查状况

目的:了解6 432例住院分娩活产新生儿红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺陷症的筛查状况。方法:采用G6PD/6PGD比值法进行检测,ODG6PD/OD6GPD比值﹤1.0为G-6-PD缺陷症。结果:住院分娩活产儿G-6-PD筛查率为85.17%(5 478/6 432),男性G-6-PD缺陷症发生率为8.98%(253/2 818),高于女性〔1.80%(48/2 660)〕,差异有统计学意义(χ2=145.173,P<0.05)。结论:提高新生儿G-6-PD缺陷症的筛查率,及早发现G-6-PD缺陷症可避免核黄疸和药源性溶血的发生,提高人口素质。     

新生儿CH及PKU和G-6-PD缺乏筛查结果分析

目的:了解珠海市新生儿CH、PKU、G-6-PD缺乏症的发病率。方法:本院出生的10303例新生儿分别在出生时采脐血肝素抗凝和出生后72h采足跟血制成血斑。CH筛查采用DELFIA法检测血斑中TSH含量;PKU筛查采用荧光定量法检测血斑中Phe含量;G-6-PD缺乏筛查采用荧光斑点定性试验测定脐血中G-6-PD的活性。结果:10303例标本初筛查出CH6例,确诊4例,CH发病率为1/2576,暂时性高TSH血症2例;G-6-PD缺乏检出351例,检出率3·4%;PKU未检出。结论:新生儿疾病筛查可使CH、PKU、G-6-PD缺乏症患儿得到早期诊断和早期治疗,避免发生体格和智能发育障碍,是提高中华民族人口素质的重要措施之一,具有深远的社会意义。     

新生儿脐血筛查对诊断G-6-PD缺陷的应用价值

目的通过比较新生儿脐血筛查G-6-PD缺陷与幼儿血检查G-6-PD缺陷,了解本地区G-6-PD缺陷的发生率及新生儿脐血筛查对诊断G-6-PD缺陷的应用价值.方法对我院产科出生的11574例全部活产婴作脐血G-6-PD筛查,分别于3～5岁对脐血检测G-6-PD缺陷者(320例)和G-6-PD正常者(215例)复查G-6-PD活性.结果11 574例中,脐血检测G-6-PD缺陷641例,缺陷率为5.5%;男性缺陷率为7.9%,女性为3.0%,两者有高度显著性差异(P＜0.001),对缺陷者复查幼儿血检测G-6-PD活性,两者符合率高达96.7%.结论G-6-PD缺陷在本地区常见,脐血筛查可作为诊断G-6-PD缺陷的有力依据,对降低其发病率有重要意义.     

江门市新生儿疾病筛查结果分析

目的:了解江门市新生儿先天性甲状腺功能低下(CH)、苯丙酮尿症(PKU)和红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏3种先天性疾病发病率。方法:CH、PKU筛查采用荧光酶免疫法分别定量测定血促甲状腺素(TSH)和苯丙氨酸(Phe)浓度;G-6-PD缺乏采用荧光斑点法进行筛查。结果:江门市CH、PKU发病率分别为1/2509、1/55205,红细胞G-6-PD缺乏阳性率为6.74%。结论:新生儿疾病筛查的数量、覆盖率和地区差异是影响新生儿疾病筛查发病率准确性的重要因素。     

新生儿红细胞G-6-PD活性和G-6-PD/6-PGD比值参考范围调查

【目的】探讨采用速率法(亦称连续监测法)通过全自动生化仪定量测定新生儿红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)活性的可行性,并建立新生儿参考范围。【方法】采用速率法和改良G-6-PD比值法(简称改良比值法)分别测定新生儿红细胞G-6-PD活性和G-6-PD/6-PGD比值,并建立新生儿参考范围。【结果】速率法测定新生儿红细胞G-6-PD活性95%参考范围为4.537~10.078 U/g Hb,99%参考范围为3.192~11.013 U/g Hb。改良比值法测定新生儿红细胞G-6-PD/6-PGD比值95%参考范围为1.005~2.196,99%参考范围为0.821~2.128。直线相关分析显示,速率法测定新生儿红细胞G-6-PD活性与改良比值法测定新生儿红细胞G-6-PD/6-PGD比值的结果相关(r=0.443,P<0.05)。【结论】采用速率法可以完成红细胞G-6-PD活性定量测定,为临床常规需要服务,适合推广应用;新生儿参考范围的建立,将有利于新生儿红细胞G-6-PD缺乏症诊疗工作的普遍开展。     

11574例新生儿脐血G-6-PD筛查结果分析

目的了解本地区G-6-PD缺陷的发生率及新生儿脐血筛查对诊断G-6-PD缺陷的应用价值。方法对产科出生的11574例全部活产婴作脐血G-6-PD筛查,分别于3~5岁对脐血检测G-6-PD缺陷者(320例)和G-6-PD正常者(215例)复查G-6-PD活性。结果11574例中,脐血检测G-6-PD缺陷641例,缺陷率为5.5%;男性缺陷率为7.9%,女性为3.0%,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),对缺陷者复查幼儿血检测G-6-PD活性,二者符合率高达96.7%。结论G-6-PD缺陷在本地区常见,脐血筛查可作为诊断G-6-PD缺陷的有力依据,对降低其发病率有重要意义。     

蓝光治疗对新生儿红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症所致高胆红素血症患儿溶血反应的影响

目的研究蓝光治疗对新生儿红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症所致高胆红素血症患儿溶血反应的影响。方法选择2013年2~12月,广东省肇庆市妇幼保健院收治的59例G-6-PD缺乏症患儿为研究对象。根据入院顺序号随机将其分为G-6-PD缺乏接受蓝光治疗+综合治疗组(研究组,n=34)和G-6-PD缺乏仅接受综合治疗,未接受蓝光治疗组(对照组,n=25)。研究组与对照组患儿的性别构成比、日龄、喂养方式及分娩方式等比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。本研究遵循的程序符合广东省肇庆市妇幼保健院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试对象监护人的知情同意,并与其签署临床研究知情同意书。分别比较两组患儿治疗前、后及两组患儿治疗48h后红细胞计数、血红蛋白(Hb)水平及其变化情况。结果研究组和对照组患儿治疗前出生体质量、总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、间接胆红素(IBIL)、红细胞计数、Hb水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组及对照组患儿接受治疗后,TBIL、DBIL、IBIL、红细胞计数、Hb水平均较治疗前降低,并且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外,研究组患儿接受蓝光治疗48h后红细胞计数及Hb水平明显低于对照组,并且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论蓝光治疗虽是治疗G-6-PD缺乏所致新生儿高胆红素血症的有效方法,但同时亦可加重G-6-PD缺乏所致新生儿高胆红素血症患儿溶血反应。     

葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症基因突变分析

目的探讨红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症患儿及其父母的G-6-PD基因突变类型,分析G-6-PD缺乏症的遗传特点。 方法选择2013年7月1日至2015年7月1日,于成都市妇女儿童中心医院临床诊断为G-6-PD缺乏症的12例患儿为研究对象。分析其病例资料,并通过二代基因测序(NGS)技术,检测12例患儿及其父母的G-6-PD基因突变发生情况,分析G-6-PD缺乏症的遗传规律。本研究符合2013年修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》,并与患儿监护人签署知情同意书。 结果①本研究12例临床诊断为G-6-PD缺乏症的患儿,全部检出G-6-PD基因突变,突变类型共计7种,包括6种单个基因位点突变及1种复合基因位点突变。11例单个基因位点突变中,c. 1388G>A及c. 487G>A基因突变各为3例,c. 1376G>T基因突变为2例,c. 95A>G、c. 871G>A及c. 1024C>T基因突变各为1例;复合基因突变c.[-8-631G>A; 1388G>A]为1例。②本研究12例G-6-PD缺乏症患儿中,10例患儿为母亲遗传,包括9例半合子男性患儿及1例杂合子女性患儿(c. 1388G>A);1例半合子男性患儿为自身突变(c. 1024C>T);1例纯合子女性患儿为双亲遗传,为少见c. [-8-631G>A; 1388G>A]复合基因突变。 结论G-6-PD缺乏症男性半合子、女性纯合子及女性杂合子,均可表现为G-6-PD严重缺乏而发病。外周血基因检测可为G-6-PD缺乏症产前咨询及确诊提供依据,从而预防G-6-PD缺乏引发的急性溶血性贫血。     

2013-2017年红河州、西双版纳州新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症筛查结果分析

目的通过对2013-2017年云南省红河州、西双版纳州185 724例新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症筛查结果分析,了解这两个少数民族自治州的检出情况和差异,为该病在高发地区的新生儿筛查提供依据和参考。方法采集出生72 h后,7 d内并充分哺乳后的新生儿足跟血制成滤纸干血斑,应用荧光分析法测定干血斑的G-6-PD浓度,召回筛查阳性新生儿,采集静脉血以G-6-PD酶活性法或G-6-PD/6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶(6-PGD)比值法进行确诊。结果男性新生儿G-6-PD缺乏症的检出率明显高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 01)。西双版纳州筛查阳性率为1. 50%,高于红河州的0. 48%;红河州阳性预测值为98. 80%,高于西双版纳州的94. 44%。筛查阳性率及阳性预测值差异均有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论红河州和西双版纳州是少数民族集中地区,属于G-6-PD缺乏症高发区,西双版纳州G-6-PD缺乏症检出率高于红河州。在西双版纳州等气温较高地区要特别注意样本采集和运送过程的储存条件,保证筛查结果准确性。     

新生儿6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶缺乏症患儿生后早期血清总胆红素水平变化

目的探讨新生儿6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症患儿生后早期血清总胆红素(TSB)水平变化特点。 方法选择2014年1月1日～12月31日,于柳州市妇幼保健院产科出生的96例足月、广西籍新生儿为研究对象。根据脐带血G-6-PD酶活性定量测定结果,将96例新生儿分为G-6-PD缺乏组(n＝31)和G-6-PD正常组(n＝65)。统计学比较两组新生儿生后3 h内,生后第1、2、3天TSB含量,TSB上升速率及新生儿高胆红素血症发生率差异;分析两组新生儿生后3 h内TSB含量与生后第1、2、3天TSB含量及TSB上升速率间相关性。两组新生儿出生体重、胎龄、母亲年龄、自然分娩率、催产素使用率、开始排胎便时间及胎便排完时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。本研究遵循的程序符合柳州市妇幼保健院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,征得受试对象监护人知情同意,并与监护人签署临床研究知情同意书。 结果①G-6-PD缺乏组新生儿性别构成比(男性74.2%、女性25.8%)与G-6-PD正常组性别构成比(男性52.3%、女性47.7%)比较,差异有统计学意义(χ²＝4.168,P＝0.041)。②G-6-PD缺乏组新生儿生后3 h内及生后第1、2、3天TSB含量,TSB上升速率,以及高胆红素血症发生率[(2.7±0.6) mg/dL,(6.6±1.7) mg/dL,(10.4±2.2) mg/dL,(12.3±2.3) mg/dL,(0.14±0.04) mg/(dL·h),45.2% ]均显著高于G-6-PD正常组新生儿[(2.4±0.4) mg/dL,(5.8±1.4) mg/dL,(9.2±2.0) mg/dL,(11.0±2.6) mg/dL,(0.12±0.04) mg/(dL·h),10.8%],且差异有统计学意义(t＝3.349、2.540、2.648、2.274、2.659,P<0.05;χ²＝14.527,P＝0.000)。③G-6-PD缺乏组新生儿生后3 h内TSB含量与生后第1、2、3天TSB含量及TSB上升速率间均分别存在正相关关系(r＝0.393、0.619、0.596、0.549,P＝0.029、0.000、0.001、0.001);G-6-PD正常组新生儿生后3 h内TSB含量与生后第1、2、3天TSB含量及TSB上升速率间均分别存在正相关关系(r＝0.529、0.428、0.468、0.365,P＝0.000、0.000、0.000、0.003)。 结论新生儿G-6-PD缺乏症患儿的溶血在宫内已发生,生后3 h内的TSB含量可预测新生儿高胆红素血症的发生。新生儿G-6-PD筛查及生后早期TSB含量监测,对防治新生儿高胆红素血症具有重要临床意义。     

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, neonatal tetanus and neonatal jaundice in Nigeria: Clinical observation

In a study of 92 cases of neonatal tetanus (NNT), it was found that 23 (25%) had associated neonatal jaundice (NNJ) but in none of them was NNJ severe enough to cause kernicterus. Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency was less common in babies with NNT than expected in general population (p 0.02). These babies with NNT were as exposed to icterogenic agents as jaundiced babies previously reported from the same institution. The lower incidence of G-6-PD deficiency in babies with NNT was probably due to the fact that G-6-PD deficient babies on exposure to icterogenic agents develop severe NNJ early and may die of kernicterus. Antibiotic therapy in jaundiced babies may prevent NNT in some of the G-6-PD deficient babies who are more prone to severe NNJ. More of the G-6-PD normal babies therefore remained at home till they develop NNT.

It is speculated that steps taken to prevent NNJ in the G-6-PD deficient babies by avoiding application of potentially infected icterogenic agents (i.e. menthol containing dusting powder or balms) to the cord will also prevent NNT in some of the G-6-PD normal babies.     

Association between glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and neonatal jaundice: interaction with multiple risk factors.

This nonconcurrent cohort study was carried out to evaluate the association of neonatal jaundice with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency and its interactions with other risk factors. The G-6-PD enzyme activity of 12,379 neonates was screened by a semi-quantitative fluorometric assay and double-checked by a quantitative method to identify a G-6-PD deficient cohort of 333 neonates. Matched with these on birth date, sex and delivery hospital were a G-6-PD normal cohort of 653 neonates. Neonatal jaundice was defined by a peak serum bilirubin (PSB) level of > or = 15 mg/dl. A significant association between G-6-PD deficiency and neonatal jaundice was observed in male but not female neonates. There was an inverse dose-response relation between G-6-PD activity and neonatal jaundice among male neonates. Both hypoxia/asphyxia and maternal hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier status were associated with an increased risk of neonatal jaundice among G-6-PD deficient but not G-6-PD normal male neonates. Based on multiple regression analyses, an additively synergistic effect on PSB level and severe jaundice (PSB > or = 20 mg/dl) was observed for G-6-PD deficiency and maternal HBsAg carrier status.     

VitB_2、VitE联合应用防治G-6PD缺陷高胆新生儿光疗时溶血

目的探讨VitB2、VitE联合防治光疗致G-6PD缺陷新生儿溶血加重疗效。方法将G-6PD缺陷需光疗治疗的新生儿随机分为VitB2、VitE干预组和对照组,测定比较总胆红素(TB)、血红蛋白(Hb)及光疗指数。结果光疗后对照组Hb下降比干预组显著,光疗指数大(均p<0·01)。结论光疗致G-6PD缺陷患儿溶血加重,VitB2、VitE干预有效。     

Genetico-epidemiological and molecular investigation of G-6-PD deficiency in a Brazilian community

This paper reports on a study of the G-6-PD deficiency in Bragan?a Paulista, S?o Paulo State, Brazil. A total of 4,621 male blood donors were investigated over a 36-month period. Of these, 80 had the G-6-PD deficiency. Molecular analysis was performed on 70 unrelated G-6-PD deficients through DNA amplification followed by digestion with restriction enzymes and single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP). In 98.6%, the G-6-PD A- (202 G<--A) mutation was observed through digestion of exon 4 with Nla III. The presence of an uncommon mutation in exon 9 was also observed through SSCP. No case of the Mediterranean variant was observed. These results indicate that the A- (202G<--A) variant, almost exclusive, was introduced into the community not only by individuals of African origin, but also by European immigrants, mainly Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese. The Italian contribution in terms of the G-6-PD Mediterranean variant was smaller than its contribution to beta thalassemia, probably due to the Northern Italian origin of these immigrants.     

蚕豆病60例临床分析

目的探讨蚕豆病的发病因素及诊疗措施。方法回顾性总结60例蚕豆病的临床资料,分析其发病机制,治疗措施及预后。结果蚕豆病4岁以下患者占70.15%,病死率为0.17%;所有病例葡萄糖-6磷-酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)活性均降低。结论蚕豆病是一种遗传性疾病,主要是由于G-6-PD缺陷者进食蚕豆而引起的急性溶血性贫血,为非自限性,及时输注新鲜血液、激素及碱化尿液等综合措施,是有效的治疗方法。     

An evaluation of the dorset sheep as a predictive animal model for the response of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient human erythrocytes to a proposed systemic toxic ozone intermediate, methyl oleate ozonide

Erythrocytes of both glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD)-deficient humans and Dorset sheep, an animal model with an erythrocyte G-6-PD deficiency, responded in a dose-dependent manner to the oxidant stress of methyl oleate ozonide (MOO) as measured by decreases in G-6-PD activity, increases in methemoglobin (METHB) levels, and decreases in GSH. However, the human G-6-PD-deficient erythrocytes were considerably more sensitive to the formation of METHB than the sheep erythrocytes while the reverse was the case for the GSH parameter. The results suggest a qualitative difference in the response of sheep erythrocytes and human G-6-PD-deficient erythrocytes to MOO that seriously questions the value of the sheep erythrocyte as a quantitatively accurate predictive model.     

Blood pressure and other cardiovascular disease risk factors in black adults with sickle cell trait or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

In this study, we examined the relationship of two common genetic markers in black populations, sickle cell trait and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, to cardiovascular risk factors. The subjects were Nigerian civil servants in Benin City, Nigeria. We measured blood pressure, height, weight, sickle cell hemoglobin, G-6-PD, proteinuria, microalbuminuria and fasting serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides, apoprotein (APO) AI, and APO B. Data were collected on age, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, job status, and years lived in an urban area. There were 257 males (3 SS hemoglobin, 73 AS, 181 AA) and 69 females (23 AS, 46 AA). In comparing cardiovascular risk factors, males differed only in percent of smokers (31.5 in AS vs. 17.8 in AA, P less than 0.01). Among females, only high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol differed (61.5 mg/dl in AS vs. 52.4 in AA, P less than 0.01). We hypothesize that females with sickle cell trait are more likely to use oral contraceptives than nontrait females. If so, the high-estrogen oral contraceptives available in Nigeria could elevate HDL. G-6-PD deficiency status among males (52 deficient, 207 nondeficient) and females (1 deficient, 5 carriers, 65 nondeficient) was not related to any of the cardiovascular risk factors. We conclude that sickle cell hemoglobin trait and G-6-PD deficiency are not useful genetic markers for risk factors for cardiovascular disease.     

广东粤北地区新生儿疾病筛查及防治对策研究

目的 分析2009-2012年广东省粤北地区新生儿疾病筛查现状和先天性甲状腺功能减低症（CH）、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症（G-6-PD）和苯丙酮尿症（PKU）的发病率情况.方法 对粤北地区2009-2012年新生儿疾病筛查资料进行回顾性分析.结果粤北地区2009-2012年的新生儿疾病平均筛查率为88.84％,并且逐年升高.CH发病率为0.56‰（1：1789）,高于广东其他城市;G-6-PD 7 759例,检出率为4.93％（1：20）; PKU 2例,检出率为0.013‰（1：78 707）.结论 总结分析粤北地区新生儿疾病筛查现状,为今后筛查工作的进展提供科学依据,对提高粤北地区出生人口素质,减少出生缺陷率,保障耍幼儿健康发展起着关键作用.     

应用自动连续微量流动荧光分析系统进行新生儿疾病筛查

目的对深圳市各设产科医院出生的新生儿进行先天性遗传性代谢异常疾病筛查,使患儿得到早期诊断和早期治疗,避免或减轻疾病对体格和智能发育的影响。方法应用自动连续微量流动荧光分析系统,对出生72h后,正常哺乳的新生儿足跟血干血片同步筛查三种疾病:苯丙酮尿症、半乳糖血症、葡萄糖6磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症。结果对深圳市548217名新生儿进行了筛查检测,筛查出4079名患儿,其中高苯丙氨酸血症6例、苯丙酮尿症12例、四氢喋呤缺乏症4例、高半乳糖血症10例、葡萄糖6磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症4047例。结论应用自动连续微量流动荧光分析系统进行新生儿疾病筛查具有自动化程度高,定量分析精确,重复性好,试剂成本较低等优点。