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1.
电针对糖尿病大鼠脑组织游离氨基酸含量的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的观察电针对糖尿病大鼠脑组织游离氨基酸含量的影响。方法采用四氧嘧啶腹腔注射法制备糖尿病大鼠模型,采用高效液相色谱法检测糖尿病大鼠脑组织游离氨基酸含量并观察电针的影响。结果电针组血糖治疗前后差异非常显著(P<0.01),但仍然高于正常组(P<0.001);糖尿病模型组脑内游离氨基酸谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、甘氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸均较正常组明显增高,(P<0.01)。电针组4种游离氨基酸均较模型组明显降低(P<0.01),其中Gly明显低于正常组(P<0.05)。结论电针能够降低糖尿病大鼠血糖,可以抑制糖尿病大鼠脑组织游离氨基酸含量的升高。  相似文献   

2.
Bumelia sartorum has been mentioned in Brazilian folklore for its reputed use in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and inflammatory disorders. An ethanol extract of root bark elicited a hypoglycemic effect in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In addition, the extract altered glucose tolerance in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, enhanced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and significantly inhibited glycogenolysis in the liver. These results indicate that the hypoglycemic effect may be similar to chlorpropamide and possibly due to an enhanced secretion of insulin from the islets of Langerhans or an increased utilization of glucose by peripheral tissues. Besides hypoglycemic activity, the ethanol extract also elicited significant anti-inflammatory activity, but did not show any significant effects on blood pressure, respiration or on the various isolated tissue preparations studied. Basic acid has been isolated from the ethanol extract and this component may be responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory activity. However, it is yet to be established whether basic acid is responsible for the observed hypoglycemic activity of the ethanol extract.  相似文献   

3.
In Malaysia, an aqueous extract of Tinospora crispa stems is taken orally to treat diabetes mellitus. In the present study, normal and alloxan-diabetic rats were used to evaluate the hypoglycaemic properties of the extract. A hypoglycaemic effect was observed in moderately diabetic rats with concomitant improvement in insulinaemia. After a 2-week treatment with the extract (4 g/l in the drinking water), these rats also showed improvement in glucose tolerance. Moreover, acute intravenous treatment with the extract (50 mg/kg) caused an increase in plasma insulin levels. The data support the traditional belief that T. crispa extract could improve diabetic conditions by virtue of its action on the endocrine pancreas.  相似文献   

4.
The antidiabetic activity of the total lignan from the plant Fructus Arctii, used in China for the control of diabetes, was investigated in models of alloxan-induced diabetic mice and hyperglycemic-hyperlipidemic diabetic rats. The biochemical parameters studied were: blood glucose, glucose tolerance, serum insulin, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL). Total lignan was given to mice and rats daily for 10 days at doses of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5 g/kg and 1.38, 0.69, 0.35 g/kg respectively. The alloxan-diabetic animals showed significant reductions in plasma glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol after treatment with the total lignan from the plant Fructus Arctii and glibenclamide (used as standard) compared with the diabetic controls, while the glucose tolerance, serum insulin level and HDL-cholesterol were elevated without the risk of hypoglycemia. In conclusion, the total lignan from the plant Fructus Arctii has been proven to be a safer antidiabetic agent and might help to prevent diabetic complications. It can serve as a good adjuvant in the present armamentarium of antidiabetic drugs.  相似文献   

5.
Antihyperglycemic effect of puerarin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats   总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20  
The antihyperglycemic action of puerarin, purified from the roots of Pueraria lobata, was investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-diabetic rats). Bolus intravenous injection of puerarin decreased the plasma glucose concentrations in a dose-dependent manner in STZ-diabetic rats. Similar treatment with puerarin also decreased the plasma glucose in normal rats, although the effect was not as great as that in STZ-diabetic rats. Puerarin at the effective dose (15.0 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the increase of plasma glucose induced by an intravenous glucose challenge test in normal rats. In the isolated soleus muscle of STZ-diabetic rats, puerarin enhanced the uptake of radioactive glucose in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the mRNA and protein levels of the subtype 4 form of glucose transporter (GLUT4) in soleus muscle were increased after repeated intravenous administration of puerarin in STZ-diabetic rats for 3 days. These results suggest that puerarin can increase the glucose utilization to lower plasma glucose in diabetic rats lacking insulin.  相似文献   

6.
目的:观察胰敏胶囊对高脂膳食诱发肥胖大鼠胰岛素钳试验下葡萄糖输注率(GIR)和股四头肌葡萄糖摄取率(CUR)的作用。方法:高脂饲料喂养Wistar大鼠6周后给予胰敏胶囊,同时以罗格列酮对照治疗4周,检测大鼠空腹胰岛素(FINS)、甘油三酯(TG)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、口服糖耐量(OGTT)、GIR和股四头肌CUR。结果:造模大鼠FINS、TG和FFA升高,而OGTT减低、GIR和股四头肌GUR明显下降。胰敏胶囊治疗4周后,各项指标均改善,效果与罗格列酮接近。结论:胰敏胶囊对高脂膳食诱发肥胖大鼠的胰岛素抵抗(IR)有治疗作用,作用机制可能是因为提高了肥胖大鼠的胰岛素敏感性。  相似文献   

7.
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), used in traditional Turkish folk medicine for the treatment of hyperglycaemia, is widely accepted as one of the medicinal herb with the highest antioxidant activity. Accordingly, the present study was designed to investigate the possible actions of ethanolic extract of the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis on glucose homeostasis and antioxidant defense in rabbits. In the first set of experiments, hypoglycaemic effects of oral administration of various doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) of the extract were examined in normoglycaemic and glucose-hyperglycaemic rabbits. Optimal effect was observed in both of the animal groups with a dose of 200 mg/kg of the extract and this activity was independent from the effects of insulin. In another part of experiments, acute effect of various doses of the Rosmarinus officinalis extract on blood glucose and serum insulin levels was studied in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Of the three doses of extract, the highest dose (200 mg/kg) significantly lowered blood glucose level and increased serum insulin concentration in alloxan-diabetic rabbits. The last set of experiments designed to investigate the subacute effect of the Rosmarinus officinalis extract on repeated administration in alloxan-diabetic rabbits. At the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, antihyperglycaemic effect of extract was accompanied by a significant increase in serum insulin levels in diabetic rabbits. Furthermore, during 1 week of treatment of diabetic rabbits with a dose of 200 mg/kg of the extract showed that the extract possessed a capability to inhibit the lipid peroxidation and activate the antioxidant enzymes. It was concluded that probably, due to its potent antioxidant properties, the Rosmarinus officinalis extract exerts remarkable antidiabetogenic effect.  相似文献   

8.
The effect of the leaf extract of Biophytum sensitivum, an annual herb used in traditional Nepalese folk medicine for the treatment of hyperglycemic patients, was studied on glucose homeostasis in rabbits. In the first set of experiments, an acute effect of the extract on fasting plasma glucose (fpg) levels and serum insulin response was examined in non-diabetic and alloxan-diabetic rabbits. Initial dose-response studies showed that a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) was optimum for hypoglycemia. A single administration of this dose to 16-h fasted non-diabetic rabbits brought about a 16.1% fall in fpg at the end of 1 and 2 h, and the hypoglycemic effect persisted at the end of 6 h (13.8% fall). Serum insulin levels showed a significant rise in the treated animals, which suggested a pancreatic mode of action (i.e. insulinotropic effect) of B. sensitivum. The study of an acute effect of the extract in alloxan-diabetic rabbits, however, showed that it failed to produce such hypoglycemic or serum insulin response. In another set of experiments, administration of the above dose of the leaf extract attenuated the plasma glucose response to oral administration of 3 g/kg b.w. glucose load. The serum insulin levels in the treated animals showed a rise at the end of 2 (13.7% rise) and 6 h (12.6% rise). Taken together, these observations suggest that the hypoglycemic response of B. sensitivum may be mediated through stimulating the synthesis/release of insulin from the beta cells of Langerhans.  相似文献   

9.
The hypoglycaemic activity of ‘Core-core’ (Geranium core-core, Geraniaceae), ‘Culle’ (Oxalis rosea, Oxalidaceae) and ‘Llantén’ (Plantago major, Plantaginaceae) crude extracts was assessed in normoglycaemic rats. Furthermore, the hypoglycaemic activity of Core-core extract was evaluated in alloxan-diabetic rats. A single oral dose of 500 mg/kg Core-core extract significantly reduced glycaemia in normal rats under glucose tolerance test conditions (p < 0.01), while Culle and Llantén were devoid of activity. The effect was lower than a single oral dose of 100 mg/kg tolbutamide. After 7 days oral treatment at 250 mg extract/kg body weight, Core-core significantly reduced glycaemia (p<0.01) in normal rats under oral glucose tolerance conditions. In alloxan-diabetic rats, a single oral dose of 500 mg/kg and chronic treatment at 250 mg/kg Core-core extract significantly reduced glycaemia in glucose tolerance test conditions at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively. During the acute oral toxicity study, animals treated with Core-core extract exhibited no symptoms of drug-induced toxicity with doses up to 5 g/kg.  相似文献   

10.

Aim of the study

The leaves of Costus pictus D. Don were used extensively for its antihyperglycemic activity by the people in Kerala, India. In the present study, the antihyperglycemic and insulin secretory activity of an aqueous extract of Costus pictus leaf extract was investigated in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Materials and methods

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test was done to determine the effective dose of Costus pictus extract. Aqueous extract of Costus pictus leaves was given orally to the diabetic rats for 14 days. The insulin secretory action of the leaf extract was investigated using isolated pancreatic islets from rat. Liver glucose uptake activity was measured using d-[14C] glucose.

Results

The oral administration of an aqueous extract of Costus pictus at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight significantly decreased the blood glucose with significant increase in plasma insulin level in diabetic rats at the end of 14 days treatment. The Costus pictus leaf extract significantly increased glucose induced insulin secretion at both 4 mM and 20 mM glucose concentrations which represents normal physiological and diabetic condition respectively. The decreased glucose uptake activity of the liver of diabetic rats was reverted to near normal levels after the treatment with Costus pictus leaf extract.

Conclusion

Our results suggest the glucose lowering effect of Costus pictus to be associated with the potentiation of insulin release from pancreatic islets and enhancement of peripheral utilization of glucose.  相似文献   

11.
目的: 观察菩人丹超微粉(PRD supermicropowder)对2型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)大鼠血糖、糖耐量、糖化血清蛋白、血清胰岛素及胰岛素敏感指数的影响,探讨菩人丹的降糖作用。 方法: 采用大鼠灌胃脂肪乳,辅以尾静脉快速iv小剂量链脲佐菌素,制备以胰岛素抵抗为特征的T2DM合并大血管病变的动物模型。成模大鼠随机分为菩人丹低、中、高治疗组,马来酸罗格列酮治疗组,模型组,各组分别ig给予相应药物治疗4周,测定用药前、用药后2周、4周大鼠随机血糖和治疗4周末空腹血清胰岛素、糖化血清蛋白含量,计算胰岛素敏感指数。 结果: 模型大鼠随机血糖和糖化血清蛋白含量较正常组上调,血清胰岛素、胰岛素敏感指数明显降低(P<0.01)。菩人丹低,中,高剂量及马来酸罗格列酮治疗组均能显著降低大鼠随机血糖和糖化血清蛋白含量(P<0.05~0.01),菩人丹中、高剂量组及马来酸罗格列酮组显著升高T2DM模型大鼠血清胰岛素含量(P<0.05~0.01),提高胰岛素敏感指数(P<0.05~0.01)。 结论: 菩人丹超微粉可降低T2DM大鼠过高的血糖和糖化血清蛋白含量,增加胰岛素敏感性,从而改善T2DM大鼠糖代谢。  相似文献   

12.
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is grown as a spice crop all over the world. The seeds have been used to treat indigestion, diabetes, rheumatism and pain in the joints. In the present study, an ethanol extract of the seeds was investigated for effects on insulin release from the pancreatic beta cells in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. Blood samples were drawn from the retro‐orbital sinus before and 1.5, 3 and 5 h after administration of the seed extract. Serum glucose levels were determined by the glucose oxidase method. To determine the insulin releasing activity, after extract treatment the animals were anaesthetized by diethyl ether, the pancreas was excised, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin for sectioning. Pancreatic sections of 5 µm were processed for examination of insulin‐releasing activity using an immunocytochemistry kit. The results showed that administration of the ethanol extract (200 and 250 mg/kg, i.p.) exhibited a significant reduction in serum glucose. Administration of streptozotocin decreased the number of beta cells with insulin secretory activity in comparison with intact rats, but treatment with the coriander seed extract (200 mg/kg) increased significantly the activity of the beta cells in comparison with the diabetic control rats. The extract decreased serum glucose in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats and increased insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
目的研究降糖胶囊对糖尿病大鼠的降糖作用。方法对造模后的糖尿病大鼠随机分为模型对照组、阳性对照组(降糖灵组)、大剂量给药组、小剂量给药组,然后通过大鼠断尾取血,测定大鼠血清胰岛素、血糖、脂质过氧化物以及肝糖元的水平。结果大、小剂量治疗后与模型组以及自身治疗前比较,血糖均显著下降;血清胰岛素水平较模型对照组以及自身治疗前均显著升高;脂质过氧化物含量明显降低;肝糖元含量明显升高。结论从实验结果看,降糖胶囊具有较好的降血糖作用。  相似文献   

14.
An alcoholic extract of Zizyphus sativa leaves was tested for hypoglycemic activity in normal and alloxan-diabetic rats. Single (100-400 mg/kg) oral doses of extract to normal animals showed a dose-dependent statistically significant lowering of blood glucose 2, 4 and 6 h later. The effect was most pronounced at 6 h with blood glucose returning to control values at 24 h. In alloxan-diabetic rats, no significant effect was observed with extract and tolbutamide. The minimum lethal dose was greater than 3000 mg/kg, orally in mice.  相似文献   

15.
Ambrein reduced the blood glucose level of normal and moderately alloxan-diabetic rats but did not reduce the blood glucose levels of severely-diabetic rats. Ambrein did not reduce the hyperglycemia of glucose-loaded rats also given mannoheptulose but it reduced the hyperglycemia of glucose-loaded rats in the absence of mannoheptulose. Results suggested that the hypoglycemic activity of ambrein may be mediated by enhanced glucose utilization.  相似文献   

16.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pancreatic beta cell protective and glucose uptake enhancing effect of the water extract of Tinospora cordifolia stem (TCSE) by using rat insulinoma (RIN)‐m5F cells and 3 T3‐L1 adipocytes. RIN‐m5F cells were stimulated with interleukin‐1β and interferon‐γ, and the effect of TCSE on insulin secretion and cytokine‐induced toxicity was measured by ELISA and MTT assay, respectively. The glucose uptake and protein expression were measured by fluorometry and western blotting. Antidiabetic effect of TCSE was measured using streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. TCSE dose dependently increased cell viability and insulin secretion in RIN‐m5F cells. In addition, TCSE increased both the glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 translocation in 3 T3‐L1 adipocytes via PI3K pathway. Finally, TCSE significantly lowered blood glucose and diet intake and increased body weight in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. The level of serum insulin and hepatic glycogen was increased, whereas the level of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, dipeptidyl peptidase‐4, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was decreased in TCSE‐administered rats. TCSE also increased glucose transporter 4 protein expression in the adipose tissue and liver of TCSE‐fed diabetic rats. Our results suggested that TCSE preserved RIN‐m5F cells from cytokine‐induced toxicity and enhanced glucose uptake in 3 T3‐L1 adipocytes, which may regulate glucose metabolism in diabetic rats.  相似文献   

17.

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Neferine was isolated from green seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn which has been used as an anti-obesity agent in traditional Chinese herbal medicine.

Aim of the study

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of neferine on enhancing insulin sensitivity in insulin resistant rats compared with rosiglitazone and to potentially reveal its role in mediating the anti-obesity properties of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.

Materials and methods

Fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting blood insulin (FINS), triglycerides (TG) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured, and the oral glucose tolerance test for 2-h plasma glucose level (2-h PG) was carried out. The glucose infusion rate (GIR) was used to measure the insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique.

Results

The levels of FBG, FINS, TG, TNF-α and 2-h PG all decreased significantly in the rosiglitazone and neferine groups compared with the insulin resistance (IR) model group. Neferine diminished the 2-h PG more than did rosiglitazone treatment. Compared to the IR model group, the treatments of neferine and rosiglitazone remarkably increased GIRs but no difference between these two treatments themselves was evident.

Conclusions

These data demonstrate that neferine has effects similar to rosiglitazone in decreasing fasting blood glucose, insulin, TG, TNF-α and enhancing insulin sensitivity in insulin resistant rats.  相似文献   

18.
Epicoprostanol (3-α-hydroxy-5β-cholestanol) has been studied for its effects on blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in rodents. Epicoprostanol significantly induced hypoglycemia and increased insulin levels in rat blood plasma by 88% and 66% compared to that of control after 2 h and 4 h of acute treatment at 100 mg/kg dose. It also highly significantly lowered blood glucose levels in a dose dependent manner at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg doses when administered to alloxan-rendered moderately diabetic rats after 120 and 240 min of treatment. Similarly, epicoprostanol, with the same dosage regimen, caused hypoglycemia in streptozotocin-induced severe diabetic rats, to a similar extent at the same time-points. However, the lowest dose (10 mg/kg) failed to produce a striking effect in either of the diabetic groups. In normoglycemic rats, plasma insulin levels were affected significantly after a single dose (100 mg/kg) of epicoprostanol. In contrast, diabetic animals suffering from insulitis showed a significant decline in hyperglycemia, strongly suggesting an insulin-like action of epicoprostanol. It seems likely that epicoprostanol acts through a mechanism other than hyperinsulinemia.  相似文献   

19.
Aqueous or ethanol infusions of Azorella compacta (llareta) in common with many other plants have been used as antidiabetic in the popular medicine in the altiplanic region of Chile. In order to determine if the diterpenic compounds chemically elucidated and isolated from this plant are responsible for this effect, streptozotocin diabetic rats (507 +/- 67 mg/mL glucose) were injected with two injections of diterpenic compounds mulinolic acid, azorellanol, and mulin-11,13-dien-20-oic acid at 180 mg/mL. Glycemia of animals treated with mulinolic acid and azorellanol was decreased to 243 +/- 2 and 247 +/- 14 mg/mL respectively, values very close to those reached by chlorpropamide injection used in controls. After 3 h treatment with mulin-11,13-dien-20-oic acid no effect was detected. The blood serum insulin in diabetic rats (146 +/- 58 pg/mL) was lower than in control rats. After injection of azorellanol, insulin was elevated to 247 +/- 23 pg/mL but with mulinolic acid, insulin was not changed. The antihyperglycemic effect of these compounds may explain the effectiveness of llareta in popular medicine. Because of the similarity to the hypoglycemic medication chlorpropamide, azorellanol could be acting on the beta cells of pancreatic islets, while mulinolic acid may act upon glucose utilization or production in the liver.  相似文献   

20.
Hypoglycaemic action of the flavonoid fraction of Cuminum nigrum seeds   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The seeds of Cuminum nigrum were screened phytochemically and were found to contain 8% flavonoids and 0.01% alkaloids. When studied for their effect on blood glucose levels, oral administration of the flavonoid contents of the plant caused a hypoglycaemic effect at a dose range of 0.5 to 1.5 g/kg, both in normal and alloxan-diabetic rabbits. The hypoglycaemic effect started 2 h after drug administration, reaching a maximum within 4-8 h and the blood glucose levels returned close to normal within 24 h of drug administration. The glibenclamide (5 mg/kg), produced a hypoglycaemic effect in the normal rabbits, whereas it had no effect on the blood glucose levels of alloxan-diabetic rabbits. The alkaloids isolated from C. nigrum seeds, however, failed to exert any significant hypoglycaemic effect in either the normal or diabetic rabbits. A 7 day acute toxicity study in rabbits did not produce any apparent adverse effect at doses as high as 5 g/kg orally. These data indicate that the total flavonoid contents of C. nigrum seeds exhibited considerable hypoglycaemic activity in rabbits and may therefore be responsible for the previously reported antidiabetic activity of the seeds. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the C. nigrum flavonoids possess insulin triggering and/or insulin-like properties.  相似文献   

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