免疫复合物IgG及补体C_(3c)在溃疡性结肠炎免疫发病机制中的作用

目的揭示溃疡性结肠炎免疫学发病新观点。方法检测 5 0例溃疡性结肠炎结肠粘膜活检标本 (32例活动期 ,18例非活动期 )及5例对照组的免疫复合物 Ig G与补体 C3c。结果免疫复合物及补体同时在粘膜上皮下及小血管壁基底膜沉积 ,在活动期较非活动期明显增强。结论免疫复合物和补体的活化与溃疡性结肠炎的活动性密切相关 ,为溃疡性结肠炎活动期组织损伤的重要参与者 ,并已成为溃疡性结肠炎免疫调节网络中的组成成分     

血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者血清补体溶解免疫复合物作用的研究

本文应用单克隆ＰＡＰ固相吸附试验检测了３０例血栓闭塞性脉管炎患乾补体溶解免疫复全物作用，并以３０例健康献血呐和为正常对照。结果表明，活动期患者补体溶解免疫复合物的作用明显低于正常对照组，循环免疫合物的含量明显升高。提示补体溶解免疫复合物能力降低，可能是导致本病发生的因素之一。     

地塞米松、锡类散、思密达联合应用保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床观察及护理

溃疡性结肠炎又称非特异性溃疡性结核炎 ,是一种病因不明的直肠和结肠炎性病变 ,病变主要限于大肠粘膜与粘膜下层 ,本病可发生在任何年龄 (多见于 2 0～ 40岁 ) ,病情轻重不等 ,大多表现为活动期与缓解期呈反复发作的慢性病程 ,男女发病率无明显差别 ,治疗比较困难 ,自 1995年～ 1998年我们采用地塞米松、锡类散、思密达加温水保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎 35例 ,疗效明显 ,现将统计结果报告如下。1　资料与方法1.1　临床资料　 35例溃疡性结肠炎患者中女 2 0例 ,男 15例 ,年龄在 2 2～ 45岁间 ,病程最长 8年。临床主要表现为腹泻 ,粘液便 ,血…     

糖皮质激素对结肠粘膜固有层淋巴细胞亚型分布的影响

目的 :观察糖皮质激素对重度溃疡性结肠炎患者结肠粘膜固有层淋巴细胞亚型分布特征的影响。方法 :19例经糖皮质激素治疗有效重度、活动期溃疡性结肠炎 (UC)患者的结肠粘膜标本进行免疫组织化学检查。对治疗前后的病理形态学免疫组织化学结果进行比较。结果 :治疗前病理形态学特点为粘膜重度非特异性慢性炎症 ,治疗后明显好转。治疗后结肠粘膜T淋巴细胞 (CD4 5RO)、Th辅助淋巴细胞 (OPD4 )、巨噬细胞 (CD6 8)较治疗前明显减少 (P <0 .0 1)。B淋巴细胞 (CD2 0 )治疗前后比较差别无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :细胞免疫在UC发病机制中占有相当的比重 ,糖皮质激素是通过抑制机体的细胞免疫而起治疗作用的     

老年溃疡性结肠炎患者D-二聚体、部分凝血活酶时间及纤维蛋白原的变化及意义

目的探讨老年溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者D-二聚体(D-D)、部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)及纤维蛋白原(Fig)检测在病情严重程度及预后评估中的价值。方法选取150例老年溃疡性结肠炎患者为溃疡性结肠炎组,150例健康体检人员为对照组,比较各组D-D、APTT、Fig水平。结果对照组、溃疡性结肠炎缓解期组、溃疡性结肠炎活动期组D-D、Fig依次升高,APTT依次降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);轻度、中度、重度溃疡性结肠炎D-D、Fig依次升高,APTT依次降低;D-D、Fig与活动期溃疡性结肠炎严重程度呈显著正相关(P0.05),APTT与活动期溃疡性结肠炎严重程度呈显著负相关(P0.05);发生在左半结肠、乙状结肠、直肠及全结肠的溃疡性结肠炎D-D、APTT及Fig均无显著差异(P0.05)。结论抗凝血指标D-D、APTT及Fig检测在老年溃疡性结肠炎患者病情严重程度及预后评估中具有重要的价值。     

溃疡性结肠炎患者血浆P-选择素的检测及临床意义

目的　观察溃疡性结肠炎患者血浆P 选择素的水平 ,并探讨其临床意义。方法　采用ELISA方法检测了2 8例溃疡性结肠炎活动期患者和 13例缓解期患者血浆P 选择素的含量。结果　溃疡性结肠炎活动期组患者血浆P 选择素的含量与正常对照组和溃疡性结肠炎缓解期组比较差异均具有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ,而缓解期组与正常对照组之间无显著性差异。活动期组患者血浆P 选择素的含量与病情的严重程度呈正相关。结论　P 选择素参与溃疡性结肠炎的发病 ,检测P 选择素对溃疡性结肠炎的病情及疗效评估具有一定的参考价值。     

免疫组织化学在溃疡性结肠炎诊断中作用研究进展

溃疡性结肠炎是一种病因尚未明确的非特异性肠道炎症性疾病,是我国消化系统常见病.溃疡性结肠炎临床缺乏特异性诊断及鉴别诊断指标,在组织病理诊断方面也缺乏特异的诊断及鉴别诊断标准,而免疫组织化学是协助组织病理诊断的有效办法.本文就与溃疡性结肠炎诊断、严重程度分级、病程、鉴别诊断和癌变风险相关的免疫组织化学项目作一综述.     

溃疡性结肠炎患者体内血小板功能状态研究

目的 探讨溃疡性结肠炎患者血小板功能状态。方法 对28例活动期溃疡性结肠炎患者、ll例缓解期溃疡性结肠炎患者、30例正常对照者的血小板黏附功能(PAdT)、血小板的聚集功能(PAgT)、血栓素B2(TXB2)进行检测。结果 28例活动期溃疡性结肠炎患者血小板的黏附、聚集功能、血栓素B2均显著高于缓解期溃疡性结肠炎患者和正常对照组(P＜0．05)；缓解期溃疡性结肠炎患者与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0．05)。结论 活动期溃疡性结肠炎患者体内血小板的活性增强，提示血小板的活化直接参与了结肠黏膜的急性炎症。     

细胞因子对溃疡性结肠炎活动性的评价

目的评估细胞因子(IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α)对溃疡性结肠炎患者不同病情程度的临床价值及探讨其在溃疡性结肠炎发病中的作用。方法分析40例活动期和32例缓解期溃疡性结肠炎细胞因子(IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α)的水平及关系,比较临床病情程度对细胞因子的影响。结果活动期溃疡性结肠炎血清促炎因子(IL-6、TNF-α)升高于缓解期患者,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);重型溃疡性结肠炎患者显著高于中度患者(P<0.05),中型高于轻度(P<0.05),抑炎因子(IL-10)低于缓解期患者,重型溃疡性结肠炎患者显著低于中度患者(P<0.05),中型低于轻度(P<0.05)。结论 细胞因子水平能反映活动期溃疡性结肠炎患者临床病情严重程度,为临床诊治提供重要理论依据。     

溃疡性结肠炎患者血清抗β2糖蛋白Ⅰ抗体水平的检测及其意义

目的探讨溃疡性结肠炎患者血清中抗β2糖蛋白Ⅰ抗体（aβ2GPⅠ）水平及其意义。方法采用ELISA方法分别对活动期溃疡性结肠炎组、缓解期溃疡性结肠炎组及正常对照组血清中的aβ2GPⅠ水平和阳性率进行检测分析。结果①活动期及缓解期溃疡性结肠炎患者血清中IgM和IgG型aβ2GPⅠ水平明显高于正常对照组；活动期溃疡性结肠炎组与缓解期组相比，IgG型aβ2GPⅠ水平差异亦有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。②在aβ2GPⅠ阳性率的比较中，活动期溃疡性结肠炎组与缓解期溃疡性结肠炎组比较差异有统计学意义；二者与正常对照组相比，差异均有统计学意义。而活动期溃疡性结肠炎组与正常对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论抗β2糖蛋白Ⅰ抗体可能和溃疡性结肠炎的发病机制有关，是其高凝状态的可能原因之一。     

Morphological Distinction of Cyanodermatium (Hydrococcaceae) and Radaisia (Hyellaceae) of Chroococcales (Cyanoprokaryota)

Radaisia gomontiana Sauvageau has been studied for their morphology from the material collected from natural habitat and from cultures. The continuous collections of the organism from nature did not show any sign of baeocyte formation. However, in the seventeenth collection, after 2 months growth in a water body, it did reveal the formation of baeocytes only for 2 days, whereas under culture conditions, stages of baeocyte and monocyte formation were recorded as distinct features. The organism is identified as Radaisia (Hyellaceae) when baeocytes are observed. Its vegetative stage which is recognized as Cyanodermatium (Hydrococcaceae).     

电视辅助胸腔镜外科

１概述 电视辅助胸腔镜外科（Ｖｉｄｅｏ—ａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄ ＴｈｏｒａｃｉｃＳｕｒｇｅｒｙ,ＶＡＴＳ）是内镜外科在设备和手术器械不断发展的基础上产生的“微侵入”外科技术。如腹腔镜技术在外科的应用一样,９０年代以来,ＶＡＴＳ在胸外科领域也得到蓬勃发展。 ＶＡＴＳ的出现改变了胸腔内镜技术的面貌。早在１９１０年,瑞士内科医师Ｊａｃｏｂｅｕｓ首先把膀胱镜技术移植到胸腔内,用于诊断胸膜病灶以及应用到治疗肺结核的胸膜粘连术和肺萎陷疗法。开辟了内镜诊断、治疗胸部疾病的先例［１］。以后,在２０世纪三四十年代,逐渐发…     

Alpha(4)beta(7)/alpha(4)beta(1) dual integrin antagonists block alpha(4)beta(7)-dependent adhesion under shear flow

The alpha(4) integrin, alpha(4)beta(7), plays an important role in recruiting circulating lymphocytes to the gastrointestinal tract, where its ligand mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) is preferentially expressed on high endothelial venules (HEVs). Dual antagonists of alpha(4)beta(1) and alpha(4)beta(7), N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-(L)-4-(2',6'-bis-methoxyphenyl)phenylalanine (TR14035) and N-(N-[(3,5-dichlorobenzene)sulfonyl]-2-(R)-methylpropyl)-(D)-phenylalanine (compound 1), were tested for their ability to block the binding of alpha(4)beta(7)-expressing cells to soluble ligand in suspension and under in vitro and in vivo shear flow. Compound 1 and TR14035 blocked the binding of human alpha(4)beta(7) to an (125)I-MAdCAM-Ig fusion protein with IC(50) values of 2.93 and 0.75 nM, respectively. Both compounds inhibited binding of soluble ligands to alpha(4)beta(1) or alpha(4)beta(7) on cells of human or rodent origin with similar potency. Under shear flow in vitro, TR14035 and compound 1 blocked binding of human alpha(4)beta(7)-expressing RPMI-8866 cells or murine mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes to MAdCAM-Ig with IC(50) values of 0.1 and 1 microM, respectively. Intravital microscopy was used to quantitate alpha(4)-dependent adhesion of fluorescent murine lymphocytes in Peyer's patch HEVs. When cells were prestimulated with 2 mM Mn(2+) to activate alpha(4)beta(7) binding to ligand, anti-alpha(4) monoclonal antibody (mAb) [10 mg/kg (mpk) i.v.] blocked adhesion by 95%, and anti-beta(1) mAb did not block adhesion, demonstrating that this interaction was dependent on alpha(4)beta(7). TR14035 blocked adhesion to HEVs [ED(50) of 0.01-0.1 mpk i.v.], and compound 1 blocked adhesion by 47% at 10 mpk i.v. Thus, alpha(4)beta(7)/alpha(4)beta(1) antagonists blocked alpha(4)beta(7)-dependent adhesion of lymphocytes to HEVs under both in vitro and in vivo shear flow.     

Tumor pH-responsive flower-like micelles of poly(l-lactic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(l-histidine)

Polymeric micelles were constructed from poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA; M_n 3K)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG; M_n 2K)-b-poly(l-histidine) (polyHis; M_n 5K) as a tumor pH-specific anticancer drug carrier. Micelles (particle diameter: ∼ 80 nm; critical micelle concentration (CMC): 2 μg/ml) formed by dialysis of the polymer solution in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) against pH 8.0 aqueous solution, are assumed to have a flower-like assembly of PLA and polyHis blocks in the core and PEG block as the shell. The pH-sensitivity of the micelles originates from the deformation of the micellar core due to the ionization of polyHis at a slightly acidic pH. However, the co-presence of pH-insensitive lipophilic PLA block in the core prevented disintegration of the micelles and caused swelling/aggregation. A fluorescence probe study showed that the polarity of pyrene retained in the micelles increased as pH was decreased from 7.4 to 6.6, indicating a change to a more hydrophilic environment in the micelles. Considering that the size increased up to 580 nm at pH 6.6 from 80 nm at pH 7.4 and that the transmittance of micellar solution increased with decreasing pH, the micelles were not dissociated but rather swollen/aggregated. Interestingly, the subsequent decline of pyrene polarity below pH 6.6 suggested re-self-assembly of the block copolymers, most likely forming a PLA block core while polyHis block relocation to the surface. Consequently, these pH-dependent physical changes of the PLA-b-PEG-b-polyHis micelles provide a mechanism for triggered drug release from the micelles triggered by the small change in pH (pH 7.2–6.5).