双源CT冠状动脉造影：成像质量因素分析

目的探讨影响双源CT冠状动脉造影成像质量的因素。方法对我院双源CT冠状动脉造影病例210例的图像质量进行分级（1～4级）评估,并对造成冠脉成像质量下降的影响因素进行分析。结果影响双源CT冠状动脉造影成像质量的因素有多种,对不同心率组冠脉成像清晰度分析,各组间无显著性差异,呼吸运动是冠脉成像质量下降的最主要的影响因素。结论双源CT冠脉成像清晰度基本不受心率影响,扫描过程中正确屏气是获取最佳图像质量的关键。     

双源64层CT前瞻性门控冠状动脉成像图像质量评价及影响因素控制

目的评价双源64层CT前瞻性门控冠状动脉成像图像质量,分析前瞻性门控冠状动脉CT成像图像质量损害的因素,探讨在前瞻性门控技术下保证图像质量的方法。方法使用西门子公司Somatom Definition双源64排CT机,选取心率≤70次/分且憋气良好的50例患者进行前瞻性门控低剂量冠状动脉CT扫描(A组);同时随机选择同时期拟行CT冠脉成像的100例病人行回顾性门控冠状动脉CT扫描,根据心率分为B组50例(心率≤70次/分),C组50例(心率>70次/分)。对比分析各组冠状动脉CT成像图像质量评分差异;分析图像质量损害的因素。结果三组中图像质量积分3分以上的均在98%以上,全部病例图像质量均能满足诊断要求。三组间图像质量积分差异无统计学意义。图像质量影响因素主要包括步进台阶伪影、运动伪影、心率变化所致的错录伪影、血管对比不良。结论前瞻性门控冠状动脉CT成像图像质量能够满足诊断需求,通过对图像质量影响因素的科学合理控制可提高图像质量。     

冠心病16排螺旋CT冠状动脉造影的影响因素及处理技巧

目的探讨多排螺旋CT(MDCT)冠状动脉(简称冠脉)造影的影响因素及处理技巧。方法对24例患者行16排MDCT冠脉造影检查,然后将图像进行期相重建后传至AW4.2工作站进行后重建,以显示冠脉主支及各分支,并对它进行评定。评定的标准为:1)Ⅰ级图像质量为优质,图像清晰,冠脉主干及分支显示完整,无横断伪影,无双边影,完全能够满足影像学诊断;2)Ⅱ级图像质量良好,图像清晰,冠脉主干及分支显示完整,有轻度横断伪影,无双边影,能够满足影像学诊断3)Ⅲ级图像质量一般,图像清晰,冠脉分支显示欠完整,有横断伪影,基本满足影像学诊断.4)Ⅳ级图像质量较差,图像显示欠清,冠脉主干及分支显示欠完整,横断伪影明显,且血管有移位,不能满足影像学诊断。结果心率控制在65次/分以下患者16例(6例未用药,10例用药),其中7例患者图像质量为Ⅰ级,5例为Ⅱ级,4例为Ⅲ级,1例患者图像质量为Ⅳ级,用药后心率控制在66-75次/分患者4例,其中2例图像质量为Ⅱ级,2例图像质量为Ⅳ级.心率控制在76-85次/分患者4例,图像质量为Ⅳ级。结论影响MDCT冠脉造影的主要因素是心率、呼吸、峰值时间的测定,次要因素是对比剂的注射速率、剂量、病人的情绪及着...     

冠心病16排螺旋CT冠状动脉造影的影响因素及处理技巧

目的探讨多排螺旋CT(MDCT)冠状动脉(简称冠脉)造影的影响因素及处理技巧。方法对24例患者行16排MDCT冠脉造影检查,然后将图像进行期相重建后传至AW4.2工作站进行后重建,以显示冠脉主支及各分支,并对它进行评定。评定的标准为:1)Ⅰ级图像质量为优质,图像清晰,冠脉主干及分支显示完整,无横断伪影,无双边影,完全能够满足影像学诊断;2)Ⅱ级图像质量良好,图像清晰,冠脉主干及分支显示完整,有轻度横断伪影,无双边影,能够满足影像学诊断3)Ⅲ级图像质量一般,图像清晰,冠脉分支显示欠完整,有横断伪影,基本满足影像学诊断.4)Ⅳ级图像质量较差,图像显示欠清,冠脉主干及分支显示欠完整,横断伪影明显,且血管有移位,不能满足影像学诊断。结果心率控制在65次/分以下患者16例(6例未用药,10例用药),其中7例患者图像质量为Ⅰ级,5例为Ⅱ级,4例为Ⅲ级,1例患者图像质量为Ⅳ级,用药后心率控制在66-75次/分患者4例,其中2例图像质量为Ⅱ级,2例图像质量为Ⅳ级.心率控制在76-85次/分患者4例,图像质量为Ⅳ级。结论影响MDCT冠脉造影的主要因素是心率、呼吸、峰值时间的测定,次要因素是对比剂的注射速率、剂量、病人的情绪及着...     

心电编辑技术在冠状动脉造影中的应用

目的 研究64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像中心电编辑技术的临床应用.方法 选择40例行64层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影患者,具有严重的重组伪影,心律失常,给诊断带来极大的影响.对比常规CT心电编辑重组影像质量,按照节段实际呈现状况确定伪影是否存在,划分成像质量等级.分析心电编辑技术的应用在64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像中的影响.结果 40例患者心电编辑之前,冠状劝脉总数为527段,其中图像质量Ⅰ级有131节段,占比24.86%;Ⅱ级有163节段,占比30.93%;Ⅲ级有119节段,占比22.58%;Ⅳ级有114节段,占比21.63%.心电编辑之后,冠状动脉总数532段.其中图像质量Ⅰ级有443节段,占比83.27%;Ⅱ级有67节段,占比12.59%;Ⅲ级有9节段,占比1.69%;Ⅳ级有13节段,占比2.44%.心电编辑前,图像质量与确诊要求相一致的一共有413段,占比78.36%.心电编辑后,图像质量图像质量与确诊要求相一致的一共有519段,占比97.55%.冠状动脉节段影响显示优良的共有510段,占比95.86%.结果发现,心电编辑前后,冠状动脉各段影像质量存在着较大的差异(P<0.05).结论 64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像中心电编辑技术的应用,可改善多数患者异常的冠状动脉图像质量,临床应用价值较高.     

起搏器置入患者640层与64层CT冠状动脉造影图像质量和伪影的比较

目的比较起搏器置入患者行640层容积CT与64层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影的图像质量和伪影,探讨CT冠状动脉造影的成功率和适用性。方法 24例拟行CT冠状动脉造影的起搏器置入病例根据使用设备的不同分为A组(640层CT组)与B组(64层CT组)两组,请两位有经验的评价者双盲评价冠脉15个节段的图像质量以及各种伪影对冠脉节段的影响,同时记录辐射剂量和患者一般资料,并进行统计分析。结果两组之间的身高、体重等一般影响因素均无统计学差异。尽管A组的心率显著高于B组(A组的心率:71±16次/分;B组的心率:61±4次/分;P<0.001),但A组的辐射剂量显著低于B组(A组的ED:13.8±1.53 mSv;B组的ED:9.14±5.65 mSv;P<0.001)。在起搏器置入患者冠状动脉图像可诊断率(1级+2级)的比较上,A组与B组间有统计差异(A组:99.06%,B组:93.27%,连续校正χ2=6.572,P<0.05)。影响两组冠状动脉图像质量的伪影有运动伪影、阶梯伪影、金属伪影、数据缺失等,各种伪影对冠状动脉图像质量的影响程度两组间有统计学差异(连续校正χ2=5.009,P<0.05)。其中,A组的冠状动脉图像伪影以不影响诊断的轻度伪影为主,占94.3%,中重度伪影节段仅占伪影节段总数的5.78%,而B组的冠状动脉中重度伪影节段占伪影总数的31.8%。结论起搏器置入患者行CT冠状动脉造影时,640层容积CT与64层螺旋CT均能提供优秀的图像质量,但640层容积CT以较高的图像可诊断率和较轻的伪影干扰而比64层螺旋CT具有更高的成功率和适用性。     

心电图编辑技术在CT冠状动脉成像心律失常患者中的应用

目的:探讨心电图编辑技术在64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像心律失常患者中的应用价值。方法:收集心律失常18例患者CT冠状动脉造影,采用心电图编辑功能,比较编辑前后的冠脉图像质量的差异。结果:18例患者中偶发房早6例,偶发室早8例,房室传导阻滞2例,缓慢型房颤1例,频发室早1例。冠状动脉图像质量采用4级评分法,其中1～3级血管可用于评估,心电图编辑前可评估冠脉为56.1%,编辑后可评估冠脉达到91.2%;两者比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:心电图编辑技术可减轻或消除心律失常导致的CT冠状动脉造影中的伪影,提高影像的质量及检查的成功率。     

影响双源CT冠脉成像图像质量的相关因素分析

目的分析DSCT在冠状动脉成像中影响图像质量的相关因素。方法对126例DSCT冠状动脉成像的图像,按图像是否清晰,冠脉显示完整性,冠脉根部和降主动脉造影剂CT值,有无横断伪影、有无上腔静脉和右心房造影剂伪影等,分四级标准评估,进行回顾性分析。结果影响DSCT图像质量的原因分为两类,一类与扫描有关,扫描参数、扫描范围、造影剂的使用等;另一类与患者有关,有呼吸伪影,心律不齐伪影,冠脉支架伪影及冠脉钙化伪影等。结论优选CT扫描参数,准确计算造影剂用量,应用有效的控制呼吸方式,消除冠状动脉成像伪影的成因,对提高冠状动脉造影的图像质量有重要意义。     

320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像低剂量扫描的初步探讨

目的评价320排CT在冠状动脉成像低剂量扫描的初步应用。方法应用320排动态容积CT,对临床拟诊断为冠心病的180例患者进行宽探测器平台下动态容积扫描,并对图像结果进行评价,以及对剂量的统计与文献上64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像的剂量进行对照。结果180例冠状动脉成像质量1级153例(85%),2级25例(13.9%),3级2例(1.1%),全部无阶梯伪影。使用的放射剂量为CTDIvol(37±4)mGy/cm,明显低于64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像文献组的剂量水平,即常规组为CTDIvol(88±8)mGy/cm。结论320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像伪影少,图像质量高,320排冠状动脉成像的剂量远远低于64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像的剂量。     

双源CT冠脉造影准确诊断冠脉狭窄程度的影响因素分析

目的探析影响双源CT冠脉造影对冠脉狭窄程度诊断准确性的相关因素。方法取本院2016～2018年收治疑似心肌缺血患者群体为分析对象,在其中随机抽取164例相关数据进行分析,本次研究运用双源CT冠脉造影对冠脉狭窄程度的影响因素,进行分析并归纳,以常规冠脉造影成像检查作为金标准。结果导致双源CT冠脉造影对冠脉狭窄程度准确性不足的常见原因可归纳如下:①由于心率增快而导致发生运动伪影;②心率波动过大、屏气不良导致发生错层伪影;③严重钙化斑块导致发生部分容积效应;④非钙化斑块被观察;⑤测量位置选择不当;⑥血管较细。结论对存在冠脉狭窄情况的群体应用双源CT冠脉造影具备较高的准确性,但依然有评估不准确的情况存在,在检查过程中应该对各种伪影进行准确的识别,将可能造成影响的因素排除,确保检查的准确性以及临床无创性筛检价值性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.