MR表观扩散系数图在脑梗死演变诊断中的价值

目的　探讨三向同性扩散加权成像 (DWI)表观扩散系数图 (ADCmapping)在各期脑梗死的诊断以及在判断脑梗死的转归和分期中的应用价值。方法　应用单次激发平面回波三向同性DWI和常规MRI对 70例脑梗死患者共进行 86次检查。其中超急性期 8次 ,急性期 13次 ,亚急性期32次 ,稳定期 11次 ,慢性期 2 2次。测定各期病灶平均ADC值、相对ADC(rADC)值及中心 边缘ADC值。结果　超急性、急性期脑梗死在DWI上表现为高信号 ,其ADC值较对侧相应区域明显下降 ,平均ADC值为 (0 6 98± 0 10 4 )× 10 -3 mm2 /s ,对侧为 (0 990± 0 16 1)× 10 -3 mm2 /s(t=- 14 372 ,P <0 0 0 1) ;超急性、急性期病灶中心rADC最低 ,从中心往外逐渐升高呈梯度征 ;超急性、急性期rADC最低 ,随时间延长rADC由低到高 ,于 8～ 14d出现假性正常化 ,于慢性期高于正常水平 ,rADC与时间具有显著相关性 (r =0 92 8,P <0 0 0 1)。结论　梗死灶ADC值具有特征性演变规律 ,结合DWI及T2 WI可以对脑梗死进行分期诊断 ,对临床个体化治疗有帮助。DWI、ADC图与T2 WI相结合对判断脑梗死缺血半暗带有价值 ,动态观察可以对疗效进行评价。     

扩散加权成像鉴别短暂性脑缺血发作和脑梗死

目的:探讨MR扩散加权成像(DWI)测量脑组织信号强度值对短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)和脑梗死的鉴别诊断价值.方法:对临床资料完整的45例TIA患者和33例脑梗死患者均进行常规MRI和DWI扫描,DWI检查均在发病后24小时内进行.使用后处理软件分析病灶侧与对侧的DWI信号强度比值(rAIb＝1000)及病灶侧与对侧ADC值的比值(rAIADC).结果:45例TIA患者中有22例DWI上有局灶性高信号(49%).DWI上有阳性病灶者症状持续时间平均为44.5 min,而无病灶者症状持续时间平均为40.5 min,差异无显著性意义(P》0.05).脑梗死患者的rAIb＝1000=1.96明显比DWI上有阳性病灶的TIA患者(rAIb＝1000＝1.46)要高,而其rAIADC=0.69明显比DWI上有阳性病灶的TIA患者(rAIADC＝0.87)要低,差异均有显著性意义(P《0.05).结论:在症状发作后24小时内,TIA和脑梗死可以通过DWI测量病灶信号强度来鉴别.     

双b值扩散加权成像在脑梗死诊断中的应用

目的:比较双b值DWI对脑梗死体积及ADC值测量的影响,探讨较高b值DWI在脑梗死诊断中的应用价值。方法:回顾性研究30例脑梗死患者,年龄44～84岁,平均67岁,发病时间3～6d,DWI取b值1000和2000s/mm2,分析脑梗死DWI及ADC图,测量兴趣区与对侧正常部位的扩散系数(ADC)并计算相对扩散系数(rADC),测量并计算梗死灶体积。结果:急性和亚急性脑梗死灶均扩散受限,DWI呈高信号、ADC图呈低信号。与b值1000s/mm2相比,b值2000s/mm2DWI示脑灰白质对比度增加,病灶显示更清晰,还能发现新病灶。不同b值下rADC比较没有统计学意义(P=0.884,P>0.05),同侧ADC有统计学意义(P=0.005,P<0.05);对侧ADC有显著统计学意义(P<0.001)。较高b值下梗死体积较低b值增加,且有统计学意义(P=0.04,P<0.05)。结论:DWI是检测脑梗死的重要技术手段,rADC不受b值影响,rADC降低可指导脑梗死诊断;较高b值DWI上脑梗死灶体积测量更准确,有利于观察病灶演变和指导临床治疗。     

ADC值变化对溶栓治疗前后脑缺血性半暗带的评估

目的 通过分析溶栓治疗前后脑缺血区ADC值的变化,探讨其在脑缺血半暗带(IP)中的价值.方法 对38例超急性期及急性期脑梗死患者分别于就诊当日及经溶栓治疗20天后进行DWI、T2 WI、T2-FLAIR扫描,将就诊时DWI高信号大小定义为初始病灶(L0),治疗后病灶在T2WI或T2-FLAIR大小定义为最终梗死面积(P),前者大于后者的面积为组织存活区(ST),后者大于前者的面积为扩大区(LG).根据患者就诊时间不同分为4组,分别测量P、ST、LG及对侧正常区的ADC值,计算相对ADC值(rADC),进行统计学分析.结果 病变侧DWI高信号区ADC值均较对侧减低,病变从中心到周边ADC值由低到高不同程度增加.相同时间点P、ST及LG的ADC值由低到高不同程度增加.随着脑梗死时间延长组织存活区所占比例逐渐减小.结论 (1)缺血半暗带可能在脑梗死24 h内都存在.(2)计算rADC值可以辅助判断脑损伤程度及评估溶栓预后.     

磁共振表观弥散系数图在脑梗死演变中的诊断价值

目的:探讨磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)表观扩散系数图(ADC图)在脑梗死分期中的价值。方法:对75例脑梗死患者共作了81例次(超急性期15例次、急性期15例次、亚急性期31例次、稳定期12例次及慢性期8例次)DWI及常规MRI检查。测定各期梗死灶ADC值及对侧ADC值,计算相对ADC(rADC),分析判断rADC在各期脑梗死中的演变情况。结果:超急性期、急性期及亚急性期梗死灶ADC值为(4.96±0.98)×10-4mm2/s,低于对侧相应区域(8.18±1.07)×10-4mm2/s。(t=2.22,P<0.05);rADC以超急性期最低,随时间延长由低到高,于8~14天出现假性正常化,于慢性期高于正常水平,rADC与时间具有相关性(rs=1.00,P<0.05)。结论:各期脑梗死灶ADC值具有特征性演变规律,结合DWI、T2WI对早期脑梗死的检出和准确分期具重要价值。     

并行采集MR扩散技术对乳腺良恶性病变的临床应用价值

目的 评价并行采集MR扩散加权成像(DWI)对乳腺良、恶性病变的临床应用价值. 资料与方法 采用GE 1.5T 超导MRI仪及4通道乳腺相控阵线圈,应用ASSET EPI并用2组b值(b=0,600 s/mm2及0,1000 s/mm2)对56例患者及20名健康志愿者行ASSET-DWI、SE T1WI、FSE T2WI检查,对其中的16例患者及7名健康志愿者双侧乳腺还分别进行横轴位结合ASSET技术的EPI及常规EPI,对ASSET-DWI图像质量及诊断价值进行分析. 结果 ASSET-DWI较常规DWI采集时间缩短50%,常规DWI乳腺及3个病变不同程度变形,ASSET-DWI乳腺变形减轻,病灶无明显变形.ASSET-DWI b值为600 s/mm2或1000 s/mm2时,恶性病变、良性病变及正常腺体ADC值均明显不同(P＜0.05).分别以恶性病变95%可信区间上限1.44×10-3 mm2/s (b值600 s/mm2)及1.18×10-3 mm2/s (b值1000 s/mm2)定为良、恶性病变诊断阈值,诊断灵敏度分别为80%(32/40)和77.5%(31/40),特异度均为95%(19/20). 结论 应用ASSET-DWI对乳腺检查可以缩短采集时间,减少图像畸变.b值为600 s/mm2或1000 s/mm2时,根据病变ADC值,ASSET-DWI均可以鉴别多数乳腺良、恶性病变,ADC诊断阈值应与所用b值相匹配.     

肺部孤立性实性病变的磁共振DWI技术优选

【摘要】目的：比较快速自旋回波扩散加权成像(TSE-DWI)与平面回波（EPI）DWI对肺部孤立性实性病灶的成像质量，探讨TSE-DWI在肺部孤立性病灶中的临床应用价值。方法：对40例肺孤立性实性病变患者分别行TSE-DWI及EPI-DWI扫描（b=600s/mm2），测量并比较两个序列图像上病灶的信噪比、病灶及脊髓的ADC值、变形率、成像效率及图像质量的主观评分。结果：TSE-DWI序列的病灶成像效率为100%（40/40）；EPI-DWI的成像效率为90%（36/40），4例病灶的图像变形严重，无法测量其ADC值。TSE-DWI序列上脊髓的ADC值高于EPI-DWI序列（P<0.01）。病灶在TSE-DWI上的ADC值高于EPI-DWI序列（P=0.007）。病灶在TSE-DWI上的变形率明显低于EPI-DWI序列（P<0.01）。图像质量的主观评分，TSE-DWI序列中39例为3分、1例为2分，EPI序列中主观评分19例为3分、17例为2分、4例为1分（图像变形无法测量），两组间图像质量主观评分的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。结论：TSE-DWI的病灶变形率、成像效率及主观评分均较EPI-DWI序列高，可作为胸部孤立性病变的常规扫描序列。     

DWI结合T2WI在包膜期脑脓肿与囊性转移瘤鉴别诊断中的价值

目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)结合T2WI在包膜期脑脓肿和囊性脑转移瘤鉴别诊断中的价值.方法 回顾性分析经病理或临床随访证实的23例包膜期脑脓肿和24例脑囊性转移瘤患者的MRI常规平扫、增强及DWI检查资料,b值取0、500 s/mm2、1000 s/mm2,根据信噪比(SNR)及图像质量指数(QI)取最佳b值的DWI,分别测量病灶囊变区、囊壁、对侧正常脑组织平均ADC值并计算3项rADC值,两组间采用两独立样本t检验进行统计学分析.结果 包膜期脑脓肿T2WI低信号暗带及靶环征是鉴别囊性转移瘤的MRI特征性表现.取b值1000s/mm2时,脑囊性转移瘤囊变坏死区DWI呈低信号22例,高信号1例,囊变坏死区、囊壁、对侧正常脑组织平均ADC值分别为(0.64±0.14)×10-3mm2/s、(1.56 ±0.17)×10-3mm2/s、(0.79±0.18)×10-3mm2/s,脑囊性转移瘤囊壁rADC值、病灶rADC值、囊液rADC值分别为1.19±0.37、0.48 ±0.25、2.74±0.75.包膜期脑脓肿囊液DWI呈高信号,包膜期脑脓肿囊变区、囊壁、对侧正常脑组织平均ADC值分别为(2.10±0.28)×10-3mm2/s、(1.51±0.09)×10-3mm2/s、(0.81±0.15)×10-3mm2/s,包膜期脑脓肿囊壁rADC值、病灶rADC值、囊液rADC值分别为1.37±0.48、1.49±0.62、0.95±0.50.包膜期脑脓肿与脑囊性转移瘤囊液ADC值、病灶rADC值、囊液rADC值差异均有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01),囊壁ADC值、囊壁rADC值差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 包膜期脑脓肿壁上T2WI特征性的低信号暗带及靶环征有别于囊性转移瘤,b值=1000 s/mm2时囊液DWI、囊液ADC值、病灶rADC值、囊液rADC值能有效反映包膜期脑脓肿与囊性脑转移瘤的不同囊液性质,DWI结合T2WI对包膜期脑脓肿与囊性脑转移瘤的鉴别诊断具有重要价值.     

磁共振扩散加权和灌注成像对超急性期脑梗死影像半暗带的研究

目的　应用扩散加权成像 (diffusionweightedimaging ,DWI)和灌注成像 (perfusionimaging,PI)观察超急性期脑梗死影像半暗带的转归。方法　对 41例发病 2～ 72h(其中 3 1例发病 <6h ,为超急性期脑梗死 ;10例发病 7～ 72h ,为急性期脑梗死 )的脑梗死患者行MR扫描 ,并使用平面回波技术(echoplanarimaging ,EPI)进行DWI检查。全部病例在治疗后 1～ 2个月行MRI复查。将发病时DWI呈异常高信号 ,而于复查时T2 WI呈正常信号的脑组织定义为影像半暗带 ;将发病时DWI呈高信号而复查时T2 WI亦为高信号的组织定义为病灶中心区。以年轮状方式由外向内测定上述 2个区域的表观扩散系数 (apparentdiffusioncoefficient,ADC)值。同时 ,对发病 <6h的患者中的 17例行表观扩散系数比率 (apparentdiffusioncoefficientratio,ADCR)测定 ,并对 10例行动态对比剂增强血流灌注成像。结果　 3 1例超急性期脑梗死在首次发病时T2 WI未能提示梗死灶 ,19例仅提示病变处血管流空信号消失 ;10例急性期脑梗死T2 WI均可见局部异常高信号 ;同一时期DWI于全部 41例明确显示梗死灶。超急性期脑梗死经治疗后 ,最终梗死灶的面积较首次DWI上异常高信号区域的面积减小 (t =17,P <0 0 1)。病灶中心区周边的影像半暗带呈可逆性转归。起病初期DWI上     

磁共振扩散加权成像在急性脑梗死中的临床应用价值

目的评价扩散加权成像(DW I)对急性脑梗死的诊断价值和限度。方法回顾性分析58例急性脑梗死患者的MR I检查资料,其中超急性期19例(<6 h),急性期24例(6~24 h),亚急性期15例(24~72 h)。均行FLAIR T1W I,FSE T2W I,FLAIRT2W I和SE-EPI DW I序列扫描。测定病灶ADC值和对侧镜像区ADC值作对照分析。6例行MRA检查。结果(1)58例DW I均显示相应神经体征分布区的梗死灶,明显优于FLAIR T1W I,FSE T2W I,FLAIR T2W I序列;(2)超急性期、急性期和亚急性期病灶ADC值均下降,各期病灶ADC值与对侧镜像区ADC值比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05),各期病灶侧ADC值两两相互比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05);(3)6例MRA中2例大脑中动脉(MCA)完全闭塞,4例MCA信号减低。结论DW I较常规序列发现急性脑梗死早,但根据ADC值或DW I的信号变化难以鉴别超急性期、急性期和亚急性期病灶。     

扩散加权成像诊断超急性和急性脑梗塞的应用价值

目的:探讨DWI和ADC图诊断超急性和急性脑梗塞的价值.材料和方法:14例脑梗塞患者(超急性期6例,急性期8例)采用1.5T MR机进行扫描,对DWI、ADC图及常规T1WI、T2WI进行对比研究分析.结果:超急性和急性脑梗塞DWI均表现为高信号,ADC图均表现为低信号,DWI对病变显示达100%.6例超急性期脑梗塞患者仅DWI可显示病变而常规T1WI、T2WI无任何相应的异常发现.全部病灶ADC值均低于其相对应的正常脑组织.结论:DWI对急性脑梗塞诊断敏感、准确,且能对脑梗塞作定量分析.     

Diffusion-weighted imaging of the spine with a non-carr-purcell-meiboom-gill single-shot fast spin-echo sequence: initial experience

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the spine with the use of a newly developed non-Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (non-CPMG) single-shot fast spin-echo (SS-FSE) sequence and its effect on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients were enrolled after written informed consent. DWI of the spine was obtained with an echo-planar imaging (EPI)-based sequence followed by a non-CPMG SS-FSE technique. SNR and ADC values were measured over a lesion-free vertebral corpus. A quality score was assigned for each set of images to assess the image quality. When a spinal lesion was present, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and ADC were also measured. Student t tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Mean SNR values were 5.83 +/- 2.2 and 11.68 +/- 2.87 for EPI and non-CPMG SS-FSE DWI, respectively. SNR values measured in DWI using parallel imaging were found to be significantly higher (P < .01). Mean ADCs of the spine were 0.53 +/- 0.15 and 0.35 +/- 0.15 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s for EPI and non-CPMG SS-FSE DWI, respectively. Quality scores were found to be higher for the non-CPMG SS-FSE DWI technique (P < .05). Overall lesion CNR was found to be higher in DWI with non-CPMG SS-FSE. CONCLUSION: The non-CPMG SS-FSE technique provides a significant improvement to current EPI-based DWI of the spine. A study including a larger number of patients is required to determine the use of this DWI sequence as a supplementary tool to conventional MR imaging for increasing diagnostic confidence in spinal pathologic conditions.     

不同期相脑梗死在扩散加权成像中的信号特征及临床应用

目的:探讨在不同期相脑梗死中DWI(核磁共振扩散加权成像)及ADC图(表观弥散系数图像)的信号特点及其成像技术对脑梗死的应用价值。方法:对54例脑梗死患者,应用SE-T1WI、FSE-T2WI、T2-FLAIR、DWI序列进行横断位扫描,及ADC图像重建,并按发病时间分为超急性期、急性期、亚急性期和慢性期,观察并测量DWI图像及ADC图在不同期相脑梗死中的信号强度和ADC值的大小。结果:对于超急性期和急性期的脑梗死病灶,其DWI信号明显高于正常脑组织(P<0.05),其ADC值则低于正常脑组织(P<0.05),二图对其均有很高的显示度;对于亚急性期病灶,其DWI信号高于正常脑组织(P<0.05),其ADC值与正常脑组织信号差别不大(P>0.05),DWI可以显示病灶;对于慢性期病灶,DWI信号等或稍低于正常脑组织,对病灶显示意义不大(P>0.05),而ADC值高于正常脑组织(P<0.05),可以显示病灶区域。结论:DWI和ADC图对超急性期、急性期脑梗死都有很大的诊断意义,DWI对亚急性期病灶有一定显示度,ADC图对慢性期梗死灶也有一定诊断意义。     

PROPELLER FSE磁共振扩散加权技术在诊断超急性和急性脑梗死中的价值

目的比较螺旋桨扫描技术(PROPELLER FSE)和平面回波成像(EPI)两种扩散加权成像(DWI)序列,探讨PROPELLER技术在DWI的应用价值。资料与方法选取67例临床疑诊急性脑梗死的患者分别行PROPEL-LER FSE DWI、EPI DWI和常规T1WI、T2WI、T2WI液体衰减反转恢复序列(FLAIR)检查,比较两种不同的DWI序列的图像质量,病灶检出率和对病变的显示程度。结果67例EPI DWI图像均不同程度地存在磁化率伪影,67例PROPELLER FSE DWI图像未见明显伪影及变形。67例中共发现并确诊46个急性脑梗死灶(4例为颅内多发病灶),其中病灶位于颅底区域12个,非颅底区域34个。PROPELLER FSE DWI和EPI DWI均可分辩出所有非颅底区域梗死灶。对12个颅底病灶PROPELLER FSE DWI检出率达100%,而EPI DWI可以明确诊断的7个,检出率达58.3%,病灶形态显示不充分或变形者3个,占25%,漏诊2个,漏诊率为16.7%。所有颅底区域病灶EPI DWI上信噪比(SNR)低于相应PROPELLER FSE DWI的SNR(t=-2.874,P<0.05)。结论PROPELLER FSE DWI能提高图像SNR,有效消除颅底磁化率伪影,改善图像质量,提高颅底病变的检出率。     

Thin-section diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with parallel imaging

BACKGROUND: Thin-section diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is known to improve lesion detectability, with long imaging time as a drawback. Parallel imaging (PI) is a technique that takes advantage of spatial sensitivity information inherent in an array of multiple-receiver surface coils to partially replace time-consuming spatial encoding and reduce imaging time. PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate a 3-mm-thin-section DWI technique combined with PI by means of qualitative and quantitative measurements. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 30 patients underwent conventional echo-planar (EPI) DWI (5-mm section thickness, 1-mm intersection gap) without parallel imaging, and thin-section EPI-DWI with PI (3-mm section thickness, 0-mm intersection gap) for a b value of 1000 s/mm(2), with an imaging time of 40 and 80 s, respectively. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), relative signal intensity (rSI), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured over a lesion-free cerebral region on both series by two radiologists. A quality score was assigned for each set of images to assess the image quality. When a brain lesion was present, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and corresponding ADC were also measured. Student t-tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Mean SNR values of the normal brain were 33.61+/-4.35 and 32.98+/-7.19 for conventional and thin-slice DWI (P>0.05), respectively. Relative signal intensities were significantly higher on thin-section DWI (P<0.05). Mean ADCs of the brain obtained by both techniques were comparable (P>0.05). Quality scores and overall lesion CNR were found to be higher in thin-section DWI with parallel imaging. CONCLUSION: A thin-section technique combined with PI improves rSI, CNR, and image quality without compromising SNR and ADC measurements in an acceptable imaging time.     

Diffusion-weighted imaging of metastatic brain tumors: comparison with histologic type and tumor cellularity

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: On diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), metastatic tumors of the brain may exhibit different signal intensities (SI) depending on their histology and cellularity. The purpose of our study was to verify the hypotheses (1) that SI on DWI predict the histology of metastases and (2) that apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values reflect tumor cellularity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed conventional MR images, DWI, and ADC maps of 26 metastatic brain lesions from 26 patients, 13 of whom underwent surgery after the MR examination. Two radiologists performed qualitative assessment by consensus of the SI on DWI in areas corresponding to their enhancing portions. We measured the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) on T2-weighted images and normalized ADC (nADC) values, and compared them with tumor cellularity. RESULTS: The mean SI on DWI and the CNR on T2-weighted images were significantly lower in well differentiated than in poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas and lesions other than adenocarcinoma. The mean nADC value was significantly higher in well differentiated than poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas and lesions other than adenocarcinoma. All 3 small-cell carcinomas and 1 large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma exhibited high SI on DWI. The nADC value showed a significant inverse correlation with tumor cellularity. There was no significant correlation between the CNR and tumor cellularity. CONCLUSION: The SI on DWI may predict the histology of metastases; well differentiated adenocarcinomas tended to be hypointense, and small- and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas showed hyperintensity. Their ADC values reflect tumor cellularity.     

MRI联合DWI在强直性脊柱炎诊断中的价值

目的探讨MRI联合DWI对强直性脊柱炎(AS)的诊断价值。资料与方法搜集经修订纽约标准确诊的31例AS病例和25例正常对照组,两组均行两侧骶髂关节常规MRI横断位和冠状位抑脂T2WI、T1WI联合SE/EPI扩散加权成像(DWI)横断位扫描(b值0,600 s/mm2),观察两组骶髂关节的信号改变,测量表观扩散系数(ADC)值并作统计学检验。结果 31例病例组中的24例双侧或单侧骶髂关节面下骨质抑脂T2WI呈高信号,29例DWI呈高信号,25例对照组骶髂关节面下骨质T2WI、DWI均呈等信号,测量ADC值,病变组为(0.993±0.169)×10-3mm2/s,对照组为(0.649±0.395)×10-3mm2/s,病变组ADC值明显高于对照组(t=4.14,P<0.001),两者间差异有统计学意义。结论 MRI联合DWI对AS早期诊断有重要的临床价值。     

Monitoring therapeutic responses of primary bone tumors by diffusion-weighted image: initial results

The purpose of our study was to investigate whether quantitative diffusion-weighted images (DWI) were useful for monitoring the therapeutic response of primary bone tumors. We encountered 18 osteogenic and Ewing sarcomas. Magnetic resonance (MR) images were performed in all patients before and after therapy. We measured the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and tumor volume of the bone tumors pre- and posttreatment. We determined change in ADC value, change in CNR on T2-weighted images (T2WI), change in CNR on gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd)-T1-weighted images (Gd-T1WI), and change in tumor volume. The bone tumors were divided into two groups: group A was comprised of tumors with less than 90% necrosis after treatment and group B of tumors at least with 90%. Changes in ADC value, tumor volume, and CNR were compared between the groups. Change in the ADC value was statistically greater in group B than that in the group A (p=0.003). There was no significant difference in the changes in CNR on T2WI (p=0.683), in CNR on Gd-T1WI (p=0.763), and tumor volume (p=0.065). The ADC value on DWI is a promising tool for monitoring the therapeutic response of primary bone sarcomas.     

MR扩散加权成像在肝癌介入治疗后随访中的图像评价

目的：探讨不同扩散敏感梯度因子（b值）MR扩散加权成像（DWI）对肝癌介入治疗后随访中图像质量的影响。方法：对20例肝癌介入治疗后患者分别进行DWI检查和MRI常规扫描（T1WI和T2WI）。每次取2个扩散敏感梯度值即b=0和／或150、350、500和800s／mm^2利用固定参数组合的自旋回波-平面回波（SE—EPI）序列进行DWI检查。在各成像序列上分别计算病灶信号-噪声比（SNR）、病灶-脏信号对比噪声比（CNR）和病灶的ADC值;与肝脏CT和DSA检查结果进行对比分析,定性评价不同b值DWI对肿瘤内部坏死组织和活组织的鉴别诊断能力。结果：病灶在T2WI、DWI150、DWI350、DWI500和DWI800的SNR分别为：（69．81±18．99）、（59．33±32．66）、（59．23±32．94）、（54．25±19．71）、（39．43士11．67）,差异有统计学意义（F＝4．43,P＝0．0024）;病灶-肝脏CNR分别为（19．11±11．33）、（17．69±9．20）、（21．38±10．10）、（19．90±13．75）和（13,24±11．02）,差异无统计学意义（F=1．70,P＝0．1556）;b＝150、350、500和800s／mm^2时病灶的ADC分别为（2．35±0．80）×10^-3、（1．95±0．59）×10^-3、（1．78±0．44）×10^-3和（1．54±0．37）×10^-3mm^2／s,差异有统计学意义（F=21．96,P=0．0001）。DWI500和DWI800病灶内部坏死和活性肿瘤组织能有效区分。结论：在肝癌介入治疗后随访检查时,选择合适的扩散梯度系数能够得到较佳的信号对比度,同时也能较准确地区分坏死组织与活性肿瘤。     

急性期脑内血肿3.0T MR扩散加权成像表现

目的:探讨3.0T MR设备中平面回波扩散加权成像(EPI-DWI)和表观扩散系数(ADC)图对急性脑内血肿的诊断价值及与脑梗死的鉴别诊断能力。方法:对18例急性期脑内血肿患者行EPI-DWI检查,获得ADC图并与CT及常规MRI进行对比。同期选择发病时间、病变体积相近的急性脑梗死患者18例,比较急性期脑内血肿与脑梗死的MRI表现。结果:所有急性期脑内血肿在EPI-DWI及ADC图上均为混杂信号,尤其是较大血肿;不同大小血肿周边均可见低信号环。所有急性脑梗死病变均未见周边环状低信号。结论:血肿周边低信号环为急性期脑内血肿的特异性DWI表现,可资与急性脑梗死相鉴别。