X—刀治疗颅内深部胶质瘤疗效观察

目的：研究X－刀治疗原发或复发性胶质瘤的疗效。方法：脑深部胶质瘤24例,肿瘤平均体积11．47cm^3,19例单次治疗肿瘤周边放射剂量15－22Gy,5例分次治疗放射剂量24－36Gy/6次。结果：肿瘤6个月控制率91．7％,中位复发时间9个月,中位生存期12个月,生存率6个月95．83％,1年69．44％,2年37．03％。结论：X－刀治疗脑深部胶质瘤可提高肿瘤局部控制率,延长患者生存期。     

脑胶质瘤术后三维适形放射治疗的疗效分析

目的 探讨脑胶质瘤术后三维适形放射治疗的临床疗效. 方法 69例脑胶质瘤患者(WHOⅠ级2例,Ⅱ级18例,Ⅲ级18例,Ⅳ级31例)术后接受三维适形放射治疗,治疗剂量50～60 Gy/25～30次/5～6周.35例未行化疗;34例同期或放疗后接受化疗(4～6周期),其中18例口服替莫唑胺,16例为其他方案化疗.中位随访期13个月(6～31个月). 结果 69例患者中,WHOⅠ级患者生存率100%,Ⅱ级94.4%,Ⅲ级61.1%,Ⅳ级41.9%.Ⅰ、Ⅱ级和Ⅲ、Ⅳ级肿瘤无进展的中位生存期分别为14.5个月和9.0个月(P＝0.037),中位生存期分别为14.5个月和13.0个月(P＝0.131),1年生存率分别为60.0%和49.0%.手术与放疗间隔时间≤4周的患者和>4周的患者中位生存期分别为11.5个月和15.5个月(P＝0.24),1年生存率分别为47.7%和68.0%.34例化疗和35例非化疗患者中位生存期分别为13个月和13.5个月(P＝0.532),1年生存率分别为52.9%和51.4%.其中34例化疗患者中,口服替莫唑胺患者与其他方案化疗患者比较,中位生存期分别为11.5个月和15.5个月(P＝0.187),1年生存率分别为为44.4%和62.5%. 结论 三维适形放射治疗对脑胶质瘤术后患者有较高的肿瘤局部控制率,患者1年生存率较高.     

脑胶质瘤术后三维适形放射治疗的疗效分析

目的 探讨脑胶质瘤术后三维适形放射治疗的临床疗效. 方法 69例脑胶质瘤患者(WHOⅠ级2例,Ⅱ级18例,Ⅲ级18例,Ⅳ级31例)术后接受三维适形放射治疗,治疗剂量50～60 Gy/25～30次/5～6周.35例未行化疗;34例同期或放疗后接受化疗(4～6周期),其中18例口服替莫唑胺,16例为其他方案化疗.中位随访期13个月(6～31个月). 结果 69例患者中,WHOⅠ级患者生存率100%,Ⅱ级94.4%,Ⅲ级61.1%,Ⅳ级41.9%.Ⅰ、Ⅱ级和Ⅲ、Ⅳ级肿瘤无进展的中位生存期分别为14.5个月和9.0个月(P＝0.037),中位生存期分别为14.5个月和13.0个月(P＝0.131),1年生存率分别为60.0%和49.0%.手术与放疗间隔时间≤4周的患者和>4周的患者中位生存期分别为11.5个月和15.5个月(P＝0.24),1年生存率分别为47.7%和68.0%.34例化疗和35例非化疗患者中位生存期分别为13个月和13.5个月(P＝0.532),1年生存率分别为52.9%和51.4%.其中34例化疗患者中,口服替莫唑胺患者与其他方案化疗患者比较,中位生存期分别为11.5个月和15.5个月(P＝0.187),1年生存率分别为为44.4%和62.5%. 结论 三维适形放射治疗对脑胶质瘤术后患者有较高的肿瘤局部控制率,患者1年生存率较高.     

脑胶质瘤X刀治疗50例疗效分析

目的总结对脑胶质瘤患者X刀治疗的临床效果.方法我院用X刀治疗脑胶质瘤50例,其中分次X刀治疗4例.星形细胞瘤48例,髓母细胞瘤2例.X刀周边剂量14.14～28.50Gy,平均(21.17±3.79)Gy,一般以70%～90%等剂量线覆盖肿瘤边缘.43例经6～54个月随访.结果影像学检查发现肿瘤消失8例,缩小11例,大小不变13例,增大11例.肿瘤坏死21例,囊性变8例,环状强化9例,肿瘤暂时性反应性肿大6例,脑水肿10例,脑坏死2例.结论对手术难以切除、体积小的胶质瘤X刀治疗安全有效,X刀术后脑水肿较常见,分次X刀治疗有可能降低其发生率,术后出现的肿瘤反应性肿大和脑坏死需要与肿瘤进展鉴别.     

高分级脑胶质瘤术后放疗同步替尼泊甙联合司莫司汀化疗疗效分析

目的分析高分级脑胶质瘤患者术后同步放化疗的疗效。方法对该院收治的65例高分级脑胶质瘤术后患者（其中Ⅲ级脑胶质瘤37例,Ⅳ级28例）均给予术后放疗肿瘤剂量（DT）50～60Gy,同时于DT20Gy后行同步替尼泊甙（VM-26）联合司莫司汀（Me-CCNU）化疗,于放疗开始后4～6个月内完成4～6周期的化疗。结果高分级脑胶质瘤患者总的中位生存期为24个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为70.77%、31.22%、12.65%。Ⅳ级胶质瘤生存率明显低于Ⅲ级胶质瘤（P（0.01）,Ⅳ级与Ⅲ级脑胶质瘤的中位生存期分别为14个月及36个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为60.71%、8.04%、0及78.38%、48.03%、21.76%。结论高分级脑胶质瘤患者术后行放疗同步VM-26联合Me-CCNU方案化疗可取得较好的预后,尤其是Ⅲ级脑胶质瘤患者。     

非小细胞肺癌脑转移的放射治疗剂量

目的　探讨根据预后因素给予非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)脑转移者不同放射剂量的疗效及耐受性。　方法　111例未经脑部治疗和全身化疗的NSCLC脑转移患者分3组:(1)A组2 0例(肺癌术后,脑内单一转移病灶) ,全脑照射14d肿瘤量30Gy ,缩野至残留病灶外1cm ,照射5d肿瘤量15Gy ,总剂量至4 5Gy ;(2 )B组34例(肺癌术后,脑多发转移病灶) ,全脑照射17d肿瘤量39Gy ;(3)C组5 7例(脑内多发病灶及肺部有病灶) ,全脑照射14d肿瘤量30Gy。　结果　(1)近期疗效:3组放射治疗后颅内压增高症状均得到缓解;神经压迫症状缓解率分别为8/ 8(10 0 % )、15 / 17(88.2 % )和2 8/ 35 (80 % )。(2 )远期疗效:总中位局部控制时间10个月(4～4 5个月) ,1和2年控制率分别为6 3.2 %、13.7%。总中位生存期为9.3个月(4～4 5个月) ,1和2年生存率分别为6 2 .7%、12 .8%。(3)Cox多因素分析提示放射剂量提高可提高脑病灶的局部控制时间(P =0 .0 5 ) ,多因素分析显示卡氏评分对患者的生存期有影响趋势(P <0 .0 1)。　结论　根据预后因素给予NSCLC脑转移不同的放射剂量可得到较好的局部控制时间,避免对部分病人过度治疗。     

伽玛刀治疗脑胶质瘤疗效分析

目的评价伽玛刀治疗脑胶质瘤效果。方法应用伽玛刀治疗确诊的脑胶质瘤79例,男52例,女27例,平均年龄36.2岁(7～85岁)。平均边缘剂量14.6Gy,平均肿瘤体积4.0cm3。结果平均随访时间8.4个月,3个月内随访者有效率55.6%,3～6个月有效率74.7%,6～12个月有效率78.4%,12～24个月有效率59.5%,超过24个月有效率38.0%。结论伽玛刀是脑胶质瘤的一种有效辅助治疗手段。     

X-刀治疗体部恶性肿瘤78例报告

目的探讨X-刀对体部恶性肿瘤的治疗价值.方法选择78例体部恶性肿瘤(原发癌61例,转移癌17例),先给予常规外照射DT40～50Gy/20～25F/4～5W,体息7～10天后行体部X-刀补量治疗,分次治疗方法为DT4～8Gy/F,隔日1次,4～6次为1个疗程,平均治疗剂量为DT30Gy(24～40Gy).结果治疗后3～6个月,CT及MRI复查示61例原发癌中,53例肿瘤缩小或消失,8例无明显变化;17例转移癌中有14例肿块明显缩小.全部病例中治疗后12个月死亡14例.71例病人KPS评分有提高,全部病例均未出现明显放疗并发症.结论 X-刀治疗体部恶性肿瘤疗效肯定,X-刀结合常规放疗对于改善病人预后是有益的.     

全身γ刀治疗105例晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床结果

目的 回顾分析全身γ刀治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和放射反应.方法 2005年3月～2008年6月对105例晚期非小细胞肺癌采用OPEN式KLF-A型全身γ刀治疗.鳞癌31例,腺癌52例;ⅢA45例,ⅢB60例.用真空负压袋固定体位、CT定位扫描和三维计划,不行任何特殊呼吸限制,在自然呼吸状态下用慢CT扫描,1层/10s.治疗的范围集中在原发病灶和肿大的淋巴结,原发病灶和肿大淋巴结之外的区域不做照射,不做纵隔区域的预防照射.照射剂量:原发肿瘤50%剂量线5Gy/次,5次/周,总剂量50Gy.肿大淋巴结50～60%剂量线4Gy/次(3～6Cy),5次/周,中位总剂量42.5Gy(32～52Gy).23例患者接受了中位4个(2～6个)周期铂类为主的序贯化疗.结果 肿瘤的完全缓解率(CR)21.9%(23/105),部分缓解率(PR)51.43%(54/105),总有效率73.33%.1、2、3年总生存率分别为64.3%、31.5%、21.7%.中位生存时间22个月.放射反应较轻,Ⅲ级以上的急性肺和食管反应7.62%(8/105);Ⅲ级以上的晚期肺反应1.9%(2/105),Ⅲ级食管晚期反应2例,Ⅳ级1例.结论 全身γ刀治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效较好,局部控制率高,放射反应较轻.其远期疗效的改善需要更好的配合全身治疗.     

替莫唑胺联合适形放疗治疗恶性脑胶质瘤术后18例报告

目的 探索替莫唑胺联合三维适形放疗对恶性脑胶质瘤术后治疗的疗效和安全性.方法 18例恶性脑胶质瘤术后患者采用替莫唑胺三维适形放疗联合治疗.放疗剂量DT60～Gy/30～33f/6～7周.化疗用替莫唑胺口服,75mg/m2,1次/d,5次/周,与放疗同步进行.结果 随访3～24个月,经CT或MRI复查,其中CR 5例,PR 10例,1、2年生存率分别为55.6%(10/8)、27.8%(5/18),中位生存期13.5个月,主要不良反应为恶心、白细胞减少.结论 替莫唑胺联合三维适形放疗,治疗恶性胶质瘤术后是一种有效,安全的手段.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.