慢乙肝患者HBV-DNA和Pre-S1Ag及HBVM与肝脏功能的检测意义

目的:了解乙型肝炎病毒HBV-DNA、Pre-S1Ag、乙肝标志物(HBVM)和肝脏功能之间的关系及临床意义.方法:采用荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(FQ-PCR)和ELISA分别检测169例乙肝病人血清HBV-DNA含量和乙肝标志物及Pre-S1Ag与肝功能,并对结果进行对比分析.结果:各种不同类型乙肝HBsAg的阳性率均高于91.1%,HBeAg、Pre-S1Ag的阳性率随HBV-DNA拷贝数的升高而升高,但肝功能和HBV-DNA拷贝数之间不存在相关关系.结论:同时检测血清乙肝标志物、Pre-S1Ag、HBV-DNA和肝脏功能对临床HBV感染、复制及传染性的判断以及肝功能损伤程度均有重要意义.     

Hepatitis B infection of the liver in chronic hepatitis C without detectable hepatitis B virus DNA in serum

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA may persist in the liver in the absence of serum HBV-DNA after a self-limited acute hepatitis B. This may also occur in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection but its prevalence and its impact on liver histology is unknown. HBV-DNA was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and by in situ hybridisation in liver biopsies from 98 patients with chronic hepatitis C who were hepatitis B surface antigen negative and serum HBV-DNA negative by PCR. HBV-DNA resulted positive in the liver of 37/98 (37.7%) patients without serum HBV-DNA. To test whether these patients had serum HBV-DNA levels under the detection limit of the PCR assay used in this study (50 copies/ml), PCR products in which HBV-DNA was undetectable after visualization of agarose gels were analysed by dot-blot hybridisation. With this method, HBV-DNA was positive in serum of 12/37 patients with liver HBV-DNA. Thus, 25/98 (25.5%) patients have HBV-DNA detectable only in liver. This was confirmed by in situ hybridisation, the percentage of infected hepatocytes ranging from 0.1% to 12%. In patients in whom the HCV infection was shorter than 20 years, HBV infected patients had higher (P = 0.01) fibrosis score (1.64 +/- 1.21) than HBV negative cases (0.53 +/- 0.66). In conclusion, a significant proportion of patients with chronic HCV infection have HBV-DNA in the liver in the absence of viral DNA in serum. The impact of this finding on liver histology deserves further research.     

Relevance of inapparent coinfection by hepatitis B virus in alpha interferon-treated patients with hepatitis C virus chronic hepatitis

The aim of the study was to investigate whether an “inapparent” coinfection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) in anti-HCV-positive chronic liver disease patients may influence interferon (IFN) response. Fourteen anti-HCV-positive, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative but serum HBV-DNA-positive patients and 111 anti-HCV-positive, HBsAg-negative, and HBV-DNA-negative patients with chronic hepatitis were treated with 3 MU of recombinant α-2a IFN 3/week for 1.2 months. Serum HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA were determined before treatment, after 6–12 months, and at the time of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flare-up by HBV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and HCV PCR, respectively. IgM anti-HBc were tested using the IMx Core-M assay (Abbott Laboratories, North Chigago, IL). By the end of treatment, ALT values had become normal in 4/14 HBV-DNA-positive patients (28%), but all “responders” (4/4) relapsed. IgM anti-HBc was detected both before treatment and during ALT elevation in three patients and only during ALT relapse in another three. In the remaining 111 patients, a biochemical response to IFN treatment was observed in 54% and relapse of ALT values in 47%. “Inapparent” HBV/HCV coinfection may be implicated in cases of resistance to IFN. HBV replication and HBV-related liver damage may persist in patients in whom HCV replication was inhibited by current doses of IFN, as suggested also by the presence of IgM anti-HBc in some cases. Further studies will show the effect of different treatment schedules. HBV-DNA and/or IgM anti-HBc detection with very sensitive methods may be important both as a prognostic factor and as a tool for better understanding of intervirus relationships and mechanisms involved in multiple hepatitis virus infections. J. Med. Virol. 51:313–318, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Hepatitis B virus concentrations in serum determined by sensitive quantitative assays in patients with established chronic hepatitis delta virus infection.

To clarify the correlation between hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in patients with established chronic hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection, sensitive HBV quantitative assays were used for the study. Thirty-four consecutive patients with chronic liver disease who were positive for both hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HDV (anti-HDV), including 19 patients with chronic hepatitis, 8 patients with liver cirrhosis and 7 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. All were negative for hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) and positive for antibody to HBeAg. HBV DNA was detected in 25 (73.5%) of the 34 patients using real-time detection PCR, and the HBV DNA levels of these patients were significantly lower compared with HBeAg status and ALT level-matched patients with chronic liver disease positive for HBsAg but negative for anti-HDV. There was no correlation between serum HBV DNA and ALT levels among the 34 patients with chronic liver disease positive for anti-HDV. Whereas serum ALT levels in anti-HDV-positive HBsAg carriers with HDV RNA were significantly higher than those without HDV RNA. Liver damage in patients with established chronic HDV infection may be caused mainly by ongoing HDV infection not by HBV replication.     

Analysis of the Hepatitis B virus precore and ORF-X sequences in patients with antibody to hepatitis B e antigen with and without normal ALT levels

Serum samples from 20 anti-hepatitis B e antigen-positive patients with and without normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels who had serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA detectable only by polymerase chain reation (PCR) were examined. Viral DNA was amplified by PCR, using primers that encompassed precore and ORF-X regions and sequenced directly, to investigate whether mutations in the nucleotide sequences of X and precore gene regions of HBV-DNA might be responsible for the difference in the activity of disease and in the levels of viral replication. The HBV-DNA concentration in patients with abnormal ALT levels was higher than in those with normal ALT. The amount of HBV-DNA correlated with the ALT levels (P < 0.05). Seventy-two percent of patients had HBV-DNA harboring the 1896 precore stop mutation, and there was a negative correlation between the percentage of precore mutant genotype and the HBV-DNA concentration (P < 0.05). Thirty percent of patients had mutations in ORF-X. Patients with ORF-X mutations had lower levels of HBV-DNA than those who had wild-type virus. The presence of mutations in precore and X regions may be related to a low HBV-DNA concentration and reduced biochemical activity in patients with anti-HBe. J. Med. Virol. 56:294–299, 1998 . © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

乙肝患者HBV感染指标、病毒复制水平与基因分型的关系分析

目的 探讨HBV感染指标、病毒复制水平和基因型之间的关联及对乙肝患者诊断和预后的意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测样本的HBV PreS1-Ag、Anti-HBc-IgM和HBV两对半;荧光定量PCR法测HBV DNA水平;巢氏PCR法扩增S片段、测序并对比分析判定基因型,联合分析指标的关联.结果 收集河南地区急、慢性乙肝患者样本355例.模式Ⅰ(HBeAg阳性)的PreS1-Ag阳性率为80.2％、HBV DNA阳性率为73.7％,显著高于其他模式;PreS1-Ag、Anti-HBc-IgM阳性者的ALT、AST异常率显著高于阴性组;HBV基因型结果为B型4例(2.9％),C型76例(55.9％),D型56例(41.2％),C型患者的HBeAg和HBV DNA阳性率显著高于B型和D型.结论 PreS1-Ag和Anti-HBc-IgM对乙肝早期诊断、病毒复制监测及预后评估有重要意义;河南地区乙肝患者的HBV基因型以C型和D型为主,C型的HBeAg和HBV DNA阳性率显著高于B和D型.     

Influence of hepatitis B virus virema upon serum aminotransferase activity in dialysis population

BACKGROUND: The control of the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection within dialysis units has been one of the major advances in the management of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, clinical and biochemical expression of HBV in dialysis patients have not been adequately addressed. Elevated values of serum aminotransferase activity are a sensitive measure of hepatocellular injury, but the role of HBV infection in the development of liver disease among dialysis patients has not been adequately analysed. Also, the clinical impact related to the virological characteristics of HBV in dialysis has not been evaluated. METHODS: Demographic, biochemical and virological data from 727 patients undergoing chronic dialysis in seven dialysis units in northern Italy were collected in order to assess the biochemical consequences related to the presence of HBV infection in this population. We have measured by RT-PCR technology the titers of HBV viremia in HBsAg positive patients receiving dialysis. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that AST and ALT values were significantly higher in HBsAg positive/HBV DNA positive than HBsAg negative patients on dialysis; AST, 22.86+/-31.34 vs. 14.19+/-9.7 IU/L (P=0.00001); and ALT, 25.07+/-41.59 vs. 13.9+/-41.59 IU/L (P=0.00001). In the subgroup of HBsAg positive patients, the frequency of detectable HBeAg in serum was 14.9% (7/47). The median value of HBV DNA in patients with detectable HBV DNA in serum was 2.160 x 10(3) copies/mL (range, 2.5 x 10(2)-4 x 10(6) copies/mL). HBsAg positive/HCV positive patients had higher aminotransferase activity than other subgroups (P=0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed a significant and independent association between detectable HBsAg/HBV DNA in serum and AST (P=0.00001) and ALT (P=0.0001) activity AST and ALT levels were lower in dialysis than healthy individuals--this finding persisted in age- and gender-matched comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: The HBV viral load in HBsAg positive patients receiving maintenance dialysis is not high. HBsAg positivity with detectable HBV DNA in serum is a strong and independent predictor of raised aminotransferase activity among dialysis patients. HBsAg positive patients had greater aminotransferase activity than HBsAg negative individuals even if both the groups had mean aminotransferase levels within the normal range considered for healthy population. Clinical trials aimed at identifying the best cut-off value to enhance the diagnostic yield of AST/ALT for detecting HBV in dialysis population are under way.     

Adenosine deaminase activity in serum of patients with hepatitis -- a useful tool in monitoring clinical status.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The evaluation of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in sera of patients with hepatitis should be considered a useful tool in the monitoring of their clinical status. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between viral load, transaminase levels, and serum ADA levels in hepatitis B virus (HBV)- and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. METHODS: Seventy three patients with hepatitis B, 71 patients with hepatitis C and 40 healthy individuals were included. Patients with HBV and HCV infections were classified into 3 groups according to viral load. Serum ADA levels were investigated by colorimetric assays. RESULTS: Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and ADA levels of HBV- and HCV-infected patients were higher than those of the control group. These differences were statistically significant for the levels of all enzymes in HCV-infected patients (p<0.05), and all except AST (p>0.05) in HBV-infected patients. ADA levels of HBV-infected patients with high viral loads were higher than those in HBV-infected patients with intermediate and low viral loads, and the difference was detectably significant between patients with high and intermediate viral loads. Evaluation of HCV-infected patients according to viral load showed no statistically significant relationship between viral load and serum ADA, ALT, and AST levels (p>0.05). HBV- and HCV-infected patients with high ALT and AST levels showed statistically significantly higher levels of ADA than patients with normal ALT and AST levels (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that serum ADA levels are associated more with the level of serum transaminases than viral load in HBV- and HCV-infected patients. In the treatment of patients with hepatitis, serum ADA levels should be considered a useful tool for the monitoring of liver condition.     

miRNA-148a对乙型肝炎小鼠的保护作用

目的探讨miR-148a对乙型肝炎模型小鼠肝功能的影响。方法40只SPF级C57BL/6小鼠(20-25 g)随机分为对照组、模型组、miRNA-148a mimics及miRNA-148a inhibitor组,每组10只。除对照组外,其余各组小鼠均建立慢性乙型肝炎模型,利用尾静脉注射pAAV/HBV1.3表达质粒的方法构建乙型肝炎小鼠模型。待模型成功后,将miRNA-148a mimics、miRNA-148a inhibitor经尾静脉注射到乙型肝炎模型小鼠体内,3周后利用Real-time PCR检测血清中miRNA-148a表达水平、乙肝病毒的脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)水平;利用试剂盒检测肝功能相关指标天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)、总胆红素(TBIL);ELISA检测C反应蛋白(CRP)及炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)的水平变化。结果miRNA-148a mimics组与模型组相比,miRNA-148a表达水平明显增加,血清中HBVDNA水平降低,AST、ALT、γ-GT、TBIL及CRP水平明显降低(P<0.05),且炎症因子TNF-α和IL-6水平也明显降低(P<0.05)。miRNA-148a inhibitor能显著降低miRNA-148a的表达水平并增加小鼠血清中HBV-DNA水平,同时,AST,ALT,γ-GT,TBIL,CRP水平及炎症因子TNF-α和IL-6水平显著增加(P<0.05)。结论MiRNA-148a能够改善乙型肝炎小鼠肝功能,抑制炎症因子的表达,发挥保护肝脏的作用。     

乙肝病毒蛋白对慢性乙型肝炎患者PBMCs功能的影响

目的：乙肝病毒蛋白对不同感染状态慢性乙型肝炎患者的外周血单核细胞（PBMCs）功能的影响。方法：收集乙肝表面抗原（HBeAg）阳性丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）异常者40例（A组）， 乙肝e抗原（HBeAg）阳性ALT持续正常者20例（B组）， HBeAg及 乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸（HBV-DNA）阴性ALT正常者20例（C组），另外选择15例各型肝炎病原学标志检测均为阴性的健康体检者为正常对照组，分离培养外周血单核细胞，加入植物血凝素（PHA）、HBeAg、HBcAg, 培养48 h后，1 500 r/min 离心10 min,收集上清液-20 ℃保存，统一检测IFN-γ、IL-10含量。采用流式细胞仪检测外周血CD8＋CD28＋T细胞亚群。结果：IFN-γ在HBeAg阳性ALT正常组，HBeAg阳性ALT异常组中的含量明显低于正常对照组和HBeAg及 HBV-DNA阴性ALT正常组；IL-10在HBeAg阳性ALT正常组，HBeAg阳性ALT异常组中的含量明显高于正常对照组和HBeAg及 HBV-DNA阴性ALT正常组。CD8＋CD28＋T细胞在HBeAg阳性ALT正常组中明显低于其它各组。结论：HBeAg阳性的患者，Th1型细胞免疫反应明显低下，Th2型细胞免疫反应明显增高，CTL的数量减少。     

Correlation between hepatic hepatitis B core antigen and serum hepatitis B virus-DNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infections in Taiwan

Paired liver biopsy specimens and serum samples from 76 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were taken for staining of hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) by immunoperoxidase and testing of HBV-DNA by a spot hybridization technique, respectively. Thirty-two tissue specimens showed positive staining for HBcAg in their hepatocytes. The two patients with diffuse HBcAg expression in liver tissue also had high serum concentrations of HBV-DNA (greater than 10 pg/10 microL). Among 30 patients with focal HBcAg distribution, 28 patients (93.3%) had measurable levels of serum HBV-DNA and 17 patients (60.7%) had high levels of serum HBV-DNA. Of 44 patients without hepatic HBcAg expression, only 12 patients (27.3%) had detectable serum HBV-DNA, and most patients (93.1% [11/12]) had low concentrations (less than 10 pg/10 microL). Nineteen patients had superimposed hepatitis D virus infection, and, of these, three patients (15.8%) had detectable serum HBV-DNA in low concentrations, while one of the three patients had stainable HBcAg in his hepatocytes with focal distribution. Two of the three patients with hepatitis A virus superinfection who had focal HBcAg expression in their liver tissue had serum HBV-DNA levels that were high during the acute phase of hepatitis A virus infection, and in one patient his serum HBV-DNA levels further increased from 10 pg/10 microL to 40 pg/10 microL during the recovery phase. Thus, measurement of serum HBV-DNA levels in patients with chronic HBV infection correlated well with their hepatic HBcAg expression, and both represent the precise status of HBV replication.     

Quantitative measurement of hepatitis B virus DNA in different areas of hepatic lobules in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Liver histology in chronic hepatitis B is marked by inflammatory infiltration involving the peripheral zones. The cause of such cellular infiltration remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the amounts of intrahepatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA separately in the peripheral and central zones, using laser capture microdissection coupled with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Fourteen patients with chronic hepatitis B were included in the study. Liver biopsy samples were taken and hepatocytes were microdissected separately from peripheral and central zones. DNA was extracted from hepatocytes in each zone and evaluated the amounts of HBV-DNA. Immunohistochemical study for hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) was also performed. The amounts of total intrahepatic HBV-DNA in patients positive for hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) were greater than those in HBeAg-negative patients. There was no difference in HBV-DNA between the peripheral and central zones. Immunohistochemistry also showed that HBcAg-positive cells were distributed homogeneously in the hepatic lobules. In patients with peripherally predominant HBV-DNA, the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level was lower than in patients with centrally predominant HBV-DNA. HBV-DNA was distributed homogeneously in the hepatic lobules. In patients with lower amounts of HBV-DNA in the peripheral zone, the serum ALT level tended to be higher than in other patients.     

Serum hepatitis B virus-DNA in chronic hepatitis B and delta infection

Hepatitis B-associated delta agent, a defective RNA virus requiring helper functions of hepatitis B virus (HBV), has been shown to interfere with HBV replication. Low titers of serum hepatitis B surface antigen, absence of hepatitis B e antigen, and low levels of stainable hepatitis B core antigen in liver cells usually seen in chronic delta infection are indirect evidences of such an interference. Measurement of serum HBV-DNA by hybridization with phosphorus 32-labeled HBV-clone DNA is the most sensitive method currently available to detect HBV replication. Using this method, we found that only two of 13 patients with chronic delta infection showed serum HBV-DNA positivity in comparison with seven of 14 patients who had chronic hepatitis B without delta infection. These two groups were matched for hepatitis B e antigen status and liver histopathology. Thus, we report direct evidence of delta agent interfering with the replication of the helper (HBV) virus.     

Lamivudine therapy for korean children with chronic hepatitis B

PURPOSE: Lamivudine is known to be very effective in suppressing hepatitis B virus replication and virus induced necroinflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate lamivudine therapy efficacy, predictive factors, breakthrough, prevalence of YMDD mutation, and relapse rate in Korean children with chronic hepatitis B. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between August 1999 and February 2005, 60 children on lamivudine therapy for chronic hepatitis B were enrolled. Treatment response was defined as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, and HBeAg and HBV-DNA disappearance. RESULTS: Seroconversion rates of HBeAg and HBV- DNA were 42% and 53%, respectively, and ALT normalization rate was 88%. Seroconversion rates of HBeAg (60.0%) and anti-HBe (60.0%) were higher in patients younger than 6 years. Seroconversion rate of HBV-DNA (68.4%) and normalization rate of serum ALT (94.7%) were highest in patients between 6 and 12 years. Seroconversion rates of all HBV markers were lowest in patients older than 12 years. Predicted 3 year cumulative seroconversion rates, were 70%, 68% for HBeAg, HBV-DNA, respectively. These were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazard regression model showed that pre-treatment ALT was a positive predictive factor for seroconversion of HBeAg and HBV-DNA. Breakthrough phenomenon was noted in 6 patients, and 3 had a YMDD mutation. CONCLUSION: Lamivudine therapy had a significant effect on HBeAg seroconversion and HBV-DNA disappearance, and ALT normalization for Korean children with chronic hepatitis B.     

Frequent chronic hepatitis B virus infection in HIV-infected patients positive for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen only

Persons with immune deficiency may present with atypical results in serological tests for hepatitis B virus (HBV). Frozen serum specimens that were sequentially obtained over time from a cohort of 57 HIV-infected patients, all of whom tested positive only for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBcAg), were therefore restested for HBV markers, including HBV DNA. The results were assessed for their time course and correlated with clinical data and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values. Forty-eight patients were male; intravenous drug users constituted the principal risk group (n=30), followed by homosexual men (n=22). Thirty-three persons tested positive for antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV). During a median of 31 months from the first to the last serum, anti-HBcAg remained the sole marker of HBV infection in 98.2% of the patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect DNA for HBV core and HBV surface gene was positive in 126 (62.4%) and 121 (59.9%) of all 202 serum samples, respectively. Over time, HBV DNA was detected at least once in 51 (89.5%) patients. In contrast, decomplexed hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was detected at least once in 14 (24.6%) patients. Among patients positive for HBV DNA and negative for anti-HCV, eight (36.4%) of 22 had chronic hepatitis (ALT elevation 6 months) that was attributable only to persisting HBV infection. Similarly, 12 (41.4%) of 29 patients positive for both HBV DNA andanti-HCV had chronic viral hepatitis, but their ALT values were significantly higher. In HIV-infected patients, anti-HBcAg as the sole serological HBV marker detected must be considered indicative of chronic HBV infection and is in part associated with chronic hepatitis and ALT elevation.     

Hepatitis C genotypes in patients with dual hepatitis B and C virus infection

In patients with chronic hepatitis B and C virus (HBV, HCV) infection, an inverse relationship in the replicative activity of the two viruses has been reported. In the present study the genotype of HCV was evaluated in 34 consecutive cases found with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV in the serum, in order to identify its possible influence in determining the pattern of HBV/HCV interaction. Nineteen patients were HCV-RNA positive and could be genotyped: 8 were infected by HCV-1 (3 by HCV-1a and 5 by HCV-1b), 10 by HCV-2, and only 1 by HCV-3. Among these, 3 were HBV-DNA positive, compared to 10 of 15 HCV-RNA-negative patients (P = 0.003), and all 3 were coinfected with HCV-2. Mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were similar between patients infected with HCV-1 and HCV-2. Among 7 patients with cirrhosis 5 were infected by HCV-2, while 6 of 12 of those without cirrhosis had HCV-1 infection. In conclusion, HBV replication was inhibited more efficiently by HCV-1 than by HCV-2. Cirrhosis was frequently found in patients with dual HBV and HCV-2 infection. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Viral replication in patients with concomitant hepatitis B and C virus infections

The aim of this study was to assess the implications of dual infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). The HBV and HCV status in 100 patients with chronic hepatitis was analysed. HBV DNA was studied using liquid hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HCV viremia was measured using qualitative and quantitative PCR. The HCV genotype was determined by PCR. Patients were divided into three groups according to their HCV-RNA and HBsAg status: group I consisted of 40 patients with chronic hepatitis caused by HBV; group II, 40 patients with chronic hepatitis caused by HCV; and group III, 20 patients infected with both viruses. The HBV-DNA level was higher in group I than in group III (66.4 vs. 11.5 pg/ml; p<0.05). Quantification of HCV viremia revealed mean values of 36.9 copies × 10⁵/ml in group II and 5.5 copies/ml × 10⁵ in group III (p<0.05). The mean aminotransferase level and histological activity were higher in group III. HCV genotype 1b was the predominant type. The data suggest that there is reciprocal inhibition of viral replication in patients with dual HBV and HCV infection. Liver disease appears to be more severe in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C.     

不同血清型乙型肝炎患者血清和唾液中HBV-DNA含量相关性研究

目的探讨不同血清型乙型肝炎患者血清和唾液中HBV-DNA的差异以及相关性.方法选取60例乙型肝炎患者,分别采用实时荧光定量PCR法同时检测血清与唾液HBV-DNA,用ELISA检测血清HBV标志物,动力学方法检测血清ALT值,并分析其相互关系.结果60例乙型肝炎患者血清与唾液HBV-DNA阳性率分别为93.3％和63.3％(x2=15.91,P＜0.01);HBeAg阳性患者33例,HBeAg阴性患者26例,其血清HBV-DNA阳性率分别为97.15％和88.5％(x2=0.64,P＞0.05);ALT值的四分位间距分别为69.0(45.0～220.5)和38.5 (24.0～103.5)(t=1.36,P=0.180);血清HBV-DNA对数值的四分位间距分别为7.14(6.01～7.62)和5.09(2.30～6.83)(t=3.70,P＜0.05);唾液HBV-DNA对数值的四分位间距分别为4.63(1.19～5.29)和0.00(0.00～4.6)(t=3.25,P＜0.05).对60例乙型肝炎患者血清与唾液HBV-DNA病毒含量的对数值进行分析,发现两者呈显著的正相关(r=0.83,P＜0.05),回归方程为y=0.88x+2.82.结论HBeAg阳性的患者与HBeAg阴性患者相比较,虽然血清中病毒阳性率以及ALT值无差异,但病毒含量有差异.乙型肝炎患者血清与唾液中的病毒含量呈正相关,血清中病毒含量高于唾液,提示血清的传染性比唾液强.     

Suppressor T-cell activity in chronic hepatitis B-virus infection: relationship with the presence of HBV-DNA in serum

Suppressor T-cell activity and allogeneic T-cell response to concanavalin A (ConA) were investigated in 46 patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Thirty-eight patients had chronic active hepatitis, seven of whom were superinfected with Delta virus, and eight were healthy chronic HBV carriers. T-cell suppressor activity was in the normal range in healthy carriers and in patients negative for serum HBV-DNA, independent of the e antigen status. In contrast, the group of patients positive for HBV-DNA exhibited a significant reduction in suppressor activity. Longitudinal studies in patients who cleared serum HBV-DNA demonstrated that suppressor T-cell activity became normal thereafter. These results suggest a relationship between suppressor T-cell function and the stage of viral replication in individuals with chronic HBV infection.     

慢性乙型肝炎重叠HGV感染对HBV复制的影响

目的观察慢性乙型肝炎重叠ＨＧＶ感染对ＨＢＶ复制的影响．方法采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测患者血清ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ．ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ定量采用荧光信号引物能量转换法．以单纯慢性乙型肝炎患者作对照研究．结果２３例ＨＧＶ重叠感染的慢性乙型肝炎患者 ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ、ＨＢｅＡｇ和抗－ＨＢｅ的阳性率分别为５６．５％、１７．４％和６０．９％而３４例单纯慢性乙型肝炎患者三项指标的阳性率分别为９１．２％、８５．３％和１１．８％．定量分析显示,前组ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ量为２．０２、后组为４．１２．经统计学处理,两组各项指标均有显著性差异．结论慢性乙型肝炎重叠ＨＧＶ感染可能会抑制ＨＢＶ的复制．