经导管应用Amplatzer封堵器关闭膜周部室间隔缺损

目的 :经导管应用Amplatzer封堵器关闭膜周部室间隔缺损 (perimembranousventricularseptaldefect,PMVSD) ,并对其疗效进行初步分析。方法 :18例室间隔缺损 (VSD)中男性 8例 ,女性 10例 ,平均年龄 7 6岁 ,平均体重 2 6 9kg。局麻下行右心导管检查 ,左室造影测量室缺大小 ,经VSD建立股动脉 股静脉轨道 ,封堵器沿传送装置送至左室 ,打开左侧伞并确认铂金标记 (MARK)位于 6点位 ,指向心尖 ,在室间隔右室侧打开右侧伞 ,经超声心动图和左室造影确认封堵器位置良好 ,无残余分流 ,无三尖瓣及主动脉瓣关闭不全后释放封堵器。结果 :18例VSD患者封堵手术均获成功。VSD平均大小 3 9mm ,所选封堵器平均大小 7 1mm ,放射线观察MARK均在 6点位置。封堵效果良好 ,术后 2 4h左室舒张末径明显缩小 ;术后 2 4h仅 2例有微量残余分流 ,无 1例出现主动脉瓣关闭不全 ,无其它严重并发症 ,平均住院3 5d。结论 :经导管应用Amplatzer封堵器关闭膜周部VSD封堵效果好 ,恢复快 ,免除开胸创伤及体外循环等高风险 ,值得进一步推广。     

Transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects with Amplatzer occluder assessed by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography.

We report our initial experience in two patients using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography to assess perimembranous ventricular septal defect and device morphology and their relation with contiguous cardiac structure. Defect size and rims as well as device position and profile were displayed from the three-dimensional "en face" views. We think that real-time three-dimensional echocardiography could be a complementary approach to angiography and transesophageal echocardiography in performing transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect.     

Transcatheter closure of a coronary sinus defect with an Amplatzer septal occluder.

We report a successful transcatheter closure of a coronary sinus defect using an Amplatzer septal occluder in a 9.5-year-old boy suffering from a significant volume overload due to left-to-right shunt.     

经胸超声心动图监测下用Amplatzer封堵器治疗房间隔缺损

目的：评价在经胸超声心动图(TTE)监测下用Amplatzer封堵器介入治疗房间隔缺损(ASD)的可行性及实用价值。方法：全组共18例继发孔型ASD患者，均在常规C型臂X线机透视和TTE指导下经导管置入Amplatzer封堵器。结果：18例患者中有2例未放置成功而改为开胸手术；16例均成功置入Amplatzer封堵器，即刻完全堵闭，术后随访3个月至2年，TTE示ASD仍被完全封闭，未见残余分流。随访期间无任何并发症。结论：在TTE和X线透视指导下用Amplatzer封堵器治疗继发孔型ASD安全可行，具有一定实用价值。     

用国产封堵器治疗膜部室间隔缺损62例效果评价

目的通过采用国产封堵器介入治疗62例室间隔缺损(VSD)患者,评价国产封堵器介入治疗VSD疗效。方法在经胸超声、X线监测、左心室造影指导下,采用国产封堵器介入封堵治疗。患者平均年龄(4.9±3.7)岁;膜部室间隔缺损平均大小(5.9±2.1)mm。结果62例VSD患者中,60例封堵获成功(成功率96.8%),术后无封堵器移位、脱落、溶血等并发症。结论国产封堵器封堵室间隔缺损成功率高(96.8%),与进口封堵器封堵室间隔缺损效果相似(93.1%),且费用低,符合国情,易于普及。     

应用Amplatzer封堵器关闭32例膜部室间隔缺损

目的　观察Amplatzer膜部室间隔缺损封堵器关闭膜部室间隔缺损的临床疗效及安全性。方法　经超声心动图及临床表现诊断为膜部室间隔缺损患者 ,如有临床症状但没有右向左分流 ,且膜部室间隔缺损的局部解剖结构满足以下条件 :(1)膜部室间隔缺损离主动脉瓣至少 1mm ,离三尖瓣隔瓣至少 3mm ;(2 )室间隔缺损的最窄直径小于 14mm ;(3)伴膜部室间隔瘤形成时 ,瘤体未影响右心室流出道 ;(4 )外科手术关闭膜部室间隔缺损后遗留的室间隔缺损 ,且对心脏的血流动力学有影响。在局部或全身麻醉下对患者行经导管Amplatzer双面伞膜部室间隔缺损的关闭治疗 ,手术中连续经胸或经食管超声心动图和X线监测。术后随访 3个月。结果　自 2 0 0 2年 6月至 2 0 0 3年 3月共有 32例患者行经导管Amplatzer双面伞膜部室间隔缺损的关闭治疗 ,其中男 17例 ,女 15例。超声测定膜部室间隔缺损直径为 3～ 8mm(平均 5 1mm) ,左心室造影测定膜部室间隔缺损的直径为 3～ 8mm(平均 4 4mm) ,所选Amplatzer膜部室间隔缺损封堵器直径为 4～ 12mm(平均 7 6mm)。堵闭操作技术成功率为 10 0 %。超声心动图示术后即刻残余分流为 11 5 % (少量分流 3 8% ,微量 7 7% ) ,2 4h后残余分流为 7 7% (为微量 ) ,3个月后有 3 8%的微量分流。手术中出现一过性     

Transcatheter closure of a residual postmyocardial infarction ventricular septal defect with the Amplatzer septal occluder

Acute ventricular septal rupture following myocardial infarction carries a high mortality. Early surgery improves survival but long term outcome depends on residual shunting and left ventricular function. Residual shunting is common despite apparently successful closure and may require reoperation. Transcatheter closure is an established method of treating selected congenital defects but clinical experience of transcatheter closure in postinfarction ventricular septal rupture is minimal. Transcatheter closure of a residual ventricular septal defect was successfully done using a new device, the Amplatzer septal occluder, in a 50 year old Indian man who had previously undergone emergency surgical repair for postinfarction acute ventricular septal rupture. The technique is described and its potential as a treatment in postinfarction ventricular septal rupture, its possible complications, and the important aspects of case selection and device design are discussed.

Keywords: ventricular septal defect; transcatheter closure; Amplazter septal occluder     

Transcatheter closure of post-myocardial infarction ventricular septal defect with Amplatzer septal occluder.

Rupture of the interventricular septum is an uncommon but often fatal complication of acute myocardial infarction. Transcatheter closure is an established method of treating selected congenital defects but clinical experience on transcatheter closure of postinfarction ventricular septal defects (VSDs) is minimal. We report a case of successful transcatheter closure of postinfarction VSD using the Amplatzer septal occluder.     

Transcatheter closure of large secundum atrial septal defects using the 40 mm Amplatzer septal occluder: results of an international registry.

Little is known about the efficacy and safety of the 40 mm Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO). Thirty-three patients (22 female, 11 male) with a large secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) underwent attempted device closure using the 40 mm ASO at a median age of 40 years (range, 14-81 years) and median weight of 65 kg (range, 48-98 kg). The median size of the ASD measured on 2D transesophageal echocardiography (27 patients) or intracardiac echocardiography (6 patients) was 30.5 mm (range, 24-39 mm) and the median balloon-stretched diameter was 37.7 mm (range, 32-43.7 mm). The median Qp:Qs ratio was 3.2:1 (range, 1.4-6.2). The attempt was unsuccessful in five patients; two had device embolization and one had left atrial wall perforation due to the sheath; all three required emergent surgery. The attempt was successful in the 28 remaining patients, resulting in complete immediate closure in 14 and a trivial residual shunt in 14. Fluoroscopy time ranged from 8.6 to 37.8 min (median, 12.2 min). At 24-hr follow-up, 2D transthoracic echocardiography with color flow Doppler revealed complete closure in 23 patients, and 5 had a trivial residual shunt. There were no complications encountered in patients who received the device. On follow-up, all patients are doing well. We conclude that the 40 mm ASO is safe and effective in most patients with a large ASD up to a diameter of 39 mm. However, the use of this device requires careful attention as the procedure may be unsuccessful or the device may embolize.     

Mid-term results of transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect using Nit-Occlud Lê ventricular septal defect coil,single-center experience

Objectives

To assess safety, efficacy and follow-up results of transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) using Nit-Occlud_ Lê VSD Coil (pfm medical, KÖln, Germany).

Transcatheter closure of a posttraumatic ventricular septal defect with an Amplatzer occluder device.

Cardiac traumatization may lead to severe complications. Transcatheter closure of a postraumatic ventricular septal defect (VSD) was successfully done using an Amplatzer septal occluder in a man who had previously undergone surgery for myocardial fissure and mitral valve dysfunction. In selected cases, the percutaneous approach may be a valuable option to close muscular VSDs.     

Transcatheter closure of a complex postmyocardial infarction ventricular septal defect after surgical patch dehiscence

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) complicating acute myocardial infarction is a rare but serious event carrying a high mortality. Residual shunting after emergency surgical repair is common, adversely affects prognosis and can necessitate reoperation. We describe the successful transcatheter VSD closure with the Amplatzer occluder in a 75-year old man after earlier emergency surgical repair of a VSD complicating an acute myocardial infarction. The technique and positioning of the device in a tortuous infero-apical VSD are described.     

Transcatheter atrial septal defect closure with the Amplatzer septal occluder: five-year follow-up.

We report 5-year follow-up data of patients following atrial septal defect (ASD) closure with the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO). Patients completed a questionnaire related to symptoms pre- and post-ASO implantation. Complete transthoracic echocardiography was used to assess residual atrial septal defect, right ventricular volume overload, and degree of mitral regurgitation. Mean follow-up duration was 4.8 +/- 0.6 years (range, 5.7-3.0 years). Complete closure was observed in all patients. Right ventricular volume overload, present in all patients prior to ASD closure, had resolved in 82% of patients. No mitral valve sequelae were found; 75% of patients were asymptomatic or felt much improved compared to their preclosure symptoms. New onset of migraine-type headaches was encountered in two patients, one for 12 months and one patient persisted with intermittent migrainous episode. In conclusion, we report 100% closure rate of ASD with ASO device, with return of right ventricular size to normal in the majority of patients. New onset of migraine headaches after ASO implantation can persist more than a few months.     

Transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect using detachable steel coil

Transcatheter closure has been attempted in selected cases of ventricular septal defects using Lock clamshell device, Rashkind umbrella device, and Sideris buttoned device. A small perimembranous ventricular septal defect with aneurysm of membranous septum in a 12 year old girl was closed successfully with a detachable steel coil of 8 mm diameter with four loops, after failure of deployment of a Rashkind double umbrella device.


Keywords: transcatheter closure; ventricular septal defect; septal aneurysm; detachable coil; congenital heart defects     

Transcatheter closure of congenital ventricular septal defects: results of the European Registry.

AIM: To report the experience of 23 tertiary referral European Centres on transcatheter closure of congenital ventricular septal defects (VSD). METHODS AND RESULTS: Implantation of transcatheter devices was attempted in 430 patients (pts) with congenital VSDs until July 2005. The following anatomic types were present: 119 muscular, 250 perimembranous, 16 multiple, 45 residual post-surgery. Median VSD size was 7 mm (range 3-22), fluoroscopy time 33 min (range 3-146). Devices implanted were Amplatzer muscular or membranous devices in 364, PDA devices in 12, ASD devices in seven, Starflex in seven, and coils in nine patients. Procedure was successful in 410 cases (95%). Complications: device embolization in five cases (surgery in two, catheter retrieval in three), aortic regurgitation in 14 cases (two of which requiring surgery), tricuspid regurgitation in 27 cases (no surgery was necessary), minor rhythm disturbances in 10 pts, death in one patient, complete heart block (cAVB) in 16 pts [perimembranous 12 of 250 (5%), muscular one of 119 (0.8%), residual post-surgery VSD three of 45 (6.7%)]. CAVB was transient in six patients, requiring permanent pace-makers in 10 cases (3.8%) (six early, four late). In the multivariate analysis, the only variable associated with a risk of the occurrence of complication was age (P=0.012) and weight (P=0.0035). In the univariate analysis, risk factors for the development of cAVB were, device type (P=0.03) and VSD location (P=0.05). After the multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis, no risk factor was found. CONCLUSION: Transcatheter closure of congenital VSDs offers encouraging results. Complications are limited; the most relevant one seems to be the device related to cAVB in perimembranous VSD. More experience and long-term follow-up are mandatory to assess safety and effectiveness of this procedure as an alternative to conventional surgery.     

室间隔缺损经导管封堵术中及术后并发心律失常的临床分析

目的:分析室间隔缺损(VSD)封堵治疗术中、术后并发的心律失常的类型,探讨其发生的原因及防治措施。方法:选择2003年1月至2006年10月在我科行封堵治疗的115例VSD患者,结合临床资料、心电图、心脏超声、心血管造影资料及随访结果,分析封堵术中及术后并发心律失常的类型、相关因素及转归。结果:术中出现三度房室传导阻滞(Ⅲ°AVB)2例,室性心动过速2例;术后并发各种类型的传导阻滞共37例,其中Ⅲ°AVB8例、不完全性右束支传导阻滞(IRBBB)14例,完全性右束支传导阻滞(CRBBB)5例,完全性左束支传导阻滞(CLBBB)4例,左前分支传导阻滞(LABBB)6例。分析其发病原因,均与封堵器直径≥10mm有密切相关性,而与合并膜部瘤及操作时间无关。结论:心律失常是VSD封堵治疗术常见的并发症,严格选择手术适应证,避免采用直径过大的封堵器是减少VSD封堵术后心律失常的有效措施。     

Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects in adults with the Amplatzer septal occluder

OBJECTIVE—To assess the efficacy and complications of device occlusion of atrial septal defects in adults, using the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO).
DESIGN—A prospective interventional study.
SETTING—Paediatric cardiology departments in two European teaching hospitals.
PATIENTS—The first 20 patients accepted for atrial septal defect device occlusion, on the basis of transoesophageal echocardiography. Sixteen patients had larger defects with right heart dilatation, while the primary indication for closure in four was a history of early paradoxical embolism.
INTERVENTIONS—Transcatheter atrial septal defect occlusions performed under transoesophageal echocardiography and fluoroscopic guidance between December 1996 and June 1998.
OUTCOME MEASURES—Success of deployment of ASO devices, procedure and fluoroscopic times, complications, and symptoms.
RESULTS—The ASO device was successfully implanted in all 20 patients (14 female), median age 44.2 years, with no complications. Of the 16 patients with right heart dilatation, the median Qp:Qs was 2.5:1. Defects measured 11-22 mm (median 18) on transoesophageal echocardiography, with balloon sized diameter (and device size) of 13-28 mm (median 20). For all 20 patients, the procedure time ranged from 38-78 minutes (median 61), and fluoroscopy 8.4-24.7 minutes (median 15.2). There were residual shunts in three patients at the end of the procedure, which were trivial ( 1 mm) as assessed by transoesophageal echocardiography, and persisted for more than six months in only one patient. Follow up ranged from 0.1-1.5 years (median 0.7). There have been no late complications.
CONCLUSIONS—The ASO device can be used successfully to close selected oval fossa defects in adults, with minimal procedural morbidity and excellent early results.


Keywords: atrial septal defect; interventional cardiac catheterisation; Amplatzer septal occluder     

Transcatheter membranous ventricular septal defect closure through a mechanical aortic prosthesis using the Amplatzer membranous ventricular septal defect occluder

An iatrogenic ventricular septal defect (VSD) after aortic valve replacement is rare, but represents a significant complication. Repeat surgery to repair such a defect carries a high surgical risk. The transcatheter approach (either transvascular or transapical) could be considered as an alternative to open chest surgery. We describe the successful transcatheter closure of an iatrogenic VSD with an Amplatzer Membranous VSD Occluder in a patient with previous combined mitral and aortic mechanical valve replacements. The device was implanted through a CarboMedics mechanical valve in the aortic position. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Transcatheter closure of recurrent postmyocardial infarction ventricular septal defects utilizing the Amplatzer postinfarction VSD device: a case series.

The initial therapy for postmyocardial infarction ventricular septal defects is surgical repair of the defect. Unfortunately, a significant number of patients develop recurrent ventricular septal defects (VSDs) following operative repair. Transcatheter closure offers an alternative to reoperation in these critically ill patients. We present a series of four patients in whom recurrent ventricular septal defects were closed using an Amplatzer VSD device.     

介入治疗膜周部室间隔缺损后早期的心律失常

目的探讨介入治疗膜周部室间隔缺损后早期心律失常的特点。方法回顾性分析膜周部室间隔缺损273例心电图资料，了解介入封堵术后早期发生的各种类型心律失常。分析封堵器类型、缺损大小及有无膜部瘤对心律失常发生的影响。结果心律失常发生率33．0％（90／273），其中传导阻滞占68．9％（62／90）。国产和进口封堵器组的心律失常差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；室间隔缺损小于5mm组和不小于5mm组的心律失常发生率分别为25．8％、49．4％（P〈0．05）。结论膜周部室间隔缺损介入治疗后早期心律失常发生率较高，以传导阻滞为主。室间隔缺损大小和有无膜部瘤是影响术后早期心律失常的重要因素。