便秘型和腹泻型肠易激综合征患者肛门直肠运动及直肠感觉功能的检测分析

目的研究便秘型和腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS)患者肛门直肠运动及直肠感觉改变。方法对2000-01~2004-01广州医学院第二附属医院根据罗马Ⅱ标准入选的便秘型IBS30例,腹泻型IBS20例,正常对照组26例,进行肛门直肠运动功能及直肠感觉测定。结果(1)便秘型和腹泻型IBS肛门括约肌压力、肛门括约肌最大缩窄压和正常对照组相比差异无显著性(P>0.05);增加腹压时,肛门括约肌净增压腹泻型低于正常对照组(P<0.05);模拟大便时直肠和肛门括约肌出现同步收缩发生率便秘型IBS高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。(2)便秘型IBS直肠对容量刺激的最低敏感量、最大耐受性、顺应性明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。(3)腹泻型IBS直肠对容量刺激的最低敏感量、最大耐受性、顺应性明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论(1)IBS存在肛门直肠运动异常。(2)便秘型IBS直肠对容量刺激低敏感、高耐受、高顺应性,可能是引起便秘原因之一。(3)腹泻型IBS直肠对容量刺激存在高敏感、低耐受、低顺应性和肛门自控能力减弱,可能与腹泻有关。     

便秘型肠易激综合征和功能性便秘患者肛门直肠动力学变化的临床意义

便秘型肠易激综合征(IBS-C)和功能性便秘(FC)是临床常见引起便秘的原因，患者均表现为大便次数小于3次／周，可伴有排便困难及大便性状改变。2000年1月至2002年12月，我们检测了18例IBS-C和20例FC患者的肛门直肠动力学参数，比较两者之间的差异，并探讨便秘与肛门直肠动力学     

便秘型肠易激综合征肛门直肠动力学的临床研究

目的　观察便秘型肠易激综合征 (IBS)的肛门直肠动力学改变。方法　采用灌注式测压装置测定 18例便秘型IBS患者和 15例健康人的肛门直肠压力、直肠对容量刺激的最低敏感量、最大耐受量及直肠顺应性。结果　便秘型IBS的直肠、肛门内外括约肌静息压力、内括约肌主动收缩压、模拟排便时直肠收缩压、内外括约肌净减压与对照组相比无显著性差异。肛门 直肠屏障压便秘型IBS组高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。直肠对容量刺激的最低敏感量便秘型IBS组低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,最大耐受量及顺应性均高于对照组 (P <0 0 1)。结论　便秘型IBS存在肛门直肠动力学异常 ,这种异常可能是导致便秘的原因     

便秘型肠易激综合征肛门直肠动力学的临床研究

便秘型肠易激综合征 (constipation predominantIBS ,IBS C)表现为伴有腹痛或腹部不适的便秘 ,便后腹部不适缓解。我们检测了IBS C的肛门直肠动力学改变 ,以探讨便秘的发生与肛门直肠动力学异常间的关系表 1　两组肛门直肠压力比较 (mmHg)分组直肠静息压肛门内括约肌静息压肛门外括约肌静息压肛门直肠屏障压IBS C 6.0 0± 1.73 88.3 3± 15 .17 3 2 .5 0± 8.0 482 .61± 15 .2 2 对照组 7.5 0± 3 .75 78.2 5± 2 9.2 0 3 6.75± 9.0 0 67.5 0± 2 2 .5 0　　注 :与对照组比较 : P <0 .0 5表 2　两组随意动作时肛门直肠压力比较 (m…     

肠易激综合征患者直肠运动和感觉功能的研究

肠易激综合征 (IBS)是最常见的一种功能性肠病 ,发病率高 ,病因和发病机制复杂且迄今尚不完全清楚 ,治疗困难 ,因而引起广泛重视。为进一步探讨内脏运动和感觉异常在IBS发病机制中的作用 ,本研究用电子恒压器和消化道灌注测压设备 ,研究IBS患者直肠运动和感觉功能改变 ,并分析这些改变与临床症状间的关系。一、对象与方法(一 )研究对象　腹泻型IBS患者 2 5例 ,均为 2 0 0 1年 3月至 2 0 0 2年 3月本院消化内科门诊或住院患者 ,按照罗马Ⅱ诊断标准入选[1] ,经血常规、粪常规、大便细菌学检查、血清生化检查及腹部超声、结肠镜检查排除其…     

肠易激综合征患者心血管自主神经功能变化与心率变异性的关系

目的 :探讨肠易激综合征 (1BS)患者心血管自主神经功能变化与心率变异性 (HRV)的关系。方法 :对IBS患者 50例进行标准心血管自主神经功能测试 ,将其结果分成阳性组 (DNA+ )及阴性组 (DNA- ) ,健康人 30名为对照组。 2 4h动态心电图进行HRV分析。结果 :IBS患者自主神经功能异常的发生率为 58% ,主要表现为迷走神经功能异常 ;HRV时域分析中DNA+ 组SDNN、SDANN、SDNNindex明显减少 ;DNA+ 及DNA- 组中反映副交感神经张力的RMSSD、PNN50 、HF等指标明显增高 ,LF/HF比值明显减低 ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5)。结论 :IBS患者存在副交感神经张力增加。HRV分析是发现IBS患者自主神经功能异常的较好方法     

功能性便秘和便秘型肠易激综合征患者的直肠顺应性

背景:直肠顺应性是直肠运动的重要特征,其改变可能是便秘的重要病理生理机制之一。目的:研究不同类型便秘患者直肠感觉和顺应性的差异,了解直肠顺应性的临床意义。方法:应用恒压器(barostat),以500ml聚乙烯球囊对直肠进行快速位相性扩张,检测功能性便秘(FC)和便秘型肠易激综合征(C-IBS)患者的直肠感觉和顺应性,并与正常对照者进行比较。结果:FC和C-IBS组的直肠顺应性较正常对照组显著降低(6.34ml/mmHg±2.26ml/mmHg和6.50ml/mmHg±2.48ml/mmHg对9.57ml/mmHg±2.77ml/mmHg,P<0.05),但两组间差异无显著性。直肠感觉过敏便秘患者的顺应性明显增高,但FC和C-IBS组感觉与顺应性的关系并不完全相同。结论:一些便秘患者对直肠扩张感觉异常可能部分系由直肠顺应性改变所致,根据直肠顺应性结合感觉变化可以更好地区分不同类型的便秘。     

便秘型肠易激综合征患者结、直肠肛门动力学的临床研究

目的研究便秘型肠易激综合征患者结肠、直肠动力,直肠感觉功能.方法用结肠传输试验检测结肠传输时间,并用结肠传输指数分型,用肛门直肠测压方法测定便秘型IBS直肠静息压,肛管静息压,肛门括约肌最大缩榨压,模拟排便时,直肠收缩压,肛门括约肌剩余压,直肠对容量扩张刺激的初始感觉阈值,最大耐受容量,直肠顺应性.结果便秘型IBS患者全结肠及各节段结肠传输时间均高于对照组,便秘型IBS患者肛管静息压,直肠静息压与对照组无差异(P＞0.05),肛门括约肌最大缩榨压低于正常对照组,最大耐受容量及直肠顺应性均明显高于对照组(P＜0.01),且发现不同传输类型的便秘型IBS肛门直肠测压表现不同.结论便秘型IBS患者存在结肠、肛门直肠动力及直肠感觉功能异常,结肠传输试验与肛门直肠测压相结合,可体现不同传输类型便秘型IBS肛门直肠动力学病因机制.     

肠易激综合征便秘型和功能性便秘结、直肠肛门动力学研究

目的 研究肠易激综合征(IBS)便秘型和功能性便秘患者结肠、直肠动力,直肠感觉功能.方法 对IBS便秘型患者52例和功能性便秘患者48例进行肛门直肠测压检查,并做结肠传输试验.同时选择正常健康人作对照组.结果 IBS便秘型组和功能性便秘组与对照组间直肠静息压、肛管静息压和肛门括约肌最大缩榨压比较均未见明显差异.IBS便秘型组初感阈值及排便阈值(75.00±34.04 ml,117.31±37.60 ml)较正常对照(97.14±20.54 ml,138.57±19.94 ml)明显降低.功能性便秘组排便阈值及最大耐受阈值(187.92 ±68.62 ml,252.5±93.40ml)较正常对照组(138.57±19.94 ml,181.43±18.34 ml)明显升高.IBS便秘型组各项感觉阈值较功能性便秘组均明显降低.功能性便秘组较IBS便秘型组患者结肠传输试验符合出口梗阻的比例高,但无统计学差异.结论 IBS便秘型直肠感觉过敏,功能性便秘直肠感觉迟钝.     

腹泻型与便秘型肠易激综合征直肠肛管动力和感觉功能的不同特点

目的 研究腹泻型与便秘型肠易激综合征（IBS）病人直肠肛管动力和直肠感觉功能的不同特点。方法 选择IBS病人85例，分成两组。其中腹泻组52例，便秘组33例，20例健康志愿者为对照组，采用PC Polygraf ID高分辨率多道胃肠功能测定仪，分别测定直肠肛管压力、直肠感知阈值、排便阈值、最大耐受量和直肠肛门抑制反射最低充气量。结果IBS病人的直肠静息压、肛管静息压和直肠肛门抑制反射最低充气量与健康对照组比较无显著性差异。腹泻组的最大缩窄压和排便阈值显著低于健康对照组。便秘组的松弛压、直肠感知阈值、排便阈值和最大耐受量显著高于健康对照组。结论腹泻型IBS病人的症状与最大缩窄压和排便闽值降低有关；而便秘型则与松弛压、直肠感知阈值、排便阈值和最大耐受量显著增高有关。     

功能性便秘和便秘型肠易激综合征相关生活因素上的差异

目的比较功能性便秘（FC）与便秘型 IBS 患者相关生活因素的差异。方法纳入2011年2月至2014年12月的255例慢性便秘患者,其中 FC 170例,便秘型 IBS 85例。另纳入同期1年内无消化道症状的170名健康者作为对照组。收集所有纳入者的人口学基本资料、生活习惯资料等。先行单因素分析,将差异有统计学意义的变量纳入多因素 Logistic 回归分析。再将 FC 和便秘型 IBS 的各因素纳入决策树模型,分析不同分类下影响因素的作用。结果单因素分析显示,FC 组与便秘型 IBS 组各生活因素比较差异均无统计学意义（P 均＞0．05）。多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示,与 FC 组比较,便秘型 IBS 组未发现独立保护或危险因素。经过决策树模型分析,最终纳入 BMI、每日饮水量和便秘家族史3个变量,当 BMI＜23．56 kg／m2（除外18．74～＜19．83 kg／m2）时,患 FC 的概率高（最高达79．75％）;当BMI 为18．74～＜19．83 kg／m2,每日饮水量少（＜1 L）时,患 FC 的概率高（66．67％）;当 BMI≥23．56 kg／m2,有便秘家族史时,患便秘型 IBS 的概率最高（70．00％）。该模型的整体预测准确率为64．6％（42／65）, AUC 值为0．688。结论FC 和便秘型 IBS 的发生与多种生活因素密切相关,BMI 低和每日饮水量少是FC 的影响因素,BMI 较高和有便秘家族史是便秘型 IBS 的影响因素。     

Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome in patients with Shigella infection

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Bacterial gastroenteritis has been known as a risk factor of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Several risk factors of post-infectious IBS (PI-IBS) have been documented. The aims of this study were to verify the role of bacterial gastroenteritis in the development of IBS and the risk factors for the development of PI-IBS. The clinical course of PI-IBS was also investigated. METHODS: We recruited 143 patients with shigellosis during its outbreak and 113 controls. Both groups were followed up for 12 months. Bowel symptoms were evaluated by use of questionnaires at 3, 6 and 12 months after the initial recruitment. RESULTS: Complete data were obtained from 101 patients (70.6%) and 102 healthy controls (90.3%). At 12 months, 15 patients and six controls had IBS (adjusted OR; 2.9, 95% CI; 1.1-7.9). Of the 15 patients, five had IBS symptoms consistently for 12 months, three did not have IBS symptoms initially and seven had fluctuating bowel symptoms. The duration of diarrhea was an independent risk factor of PI-IBS. CONCLUSIONS: Bacterial gastroenteritis is a risk factor of IBS and the duration of diarrhea as the index of severity of initial illness is an independent risk factor of PI-IBS. The clinical course of PI-IBS is variable over the 1 year of follow-up.     

Repetitive rectal painful distention induces rectal hypersensitivity in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Background A reduced rectal perceptual threshold has been reported in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but this phenomenon may be induced by a comorbid psychological state. We evaluated the rectal pain threshold at baseline and after conditioning (repetitive rectal painful distention: RRD) in patients with IBS or functional abdominal pain syndrome (FAPS), which is an abdominal pain disorder, and in healthy controls, and determined whether rectal hypersensitivity is a reliable marker for IBS. Methods The rectal sensory threshold was assessed by a barostat. First, a ramp distention of 40 ml/min was induced, and the threshold of pain and the maximum tolerable pressure (mmHg) were measured. Next, RRD (phasic distentions of 60-s duration separated by 30-s intervals) was given with a tracking method until the subjects had complained of pain six times. Finally, ramp distention was induced again, and the same parameters were measured. The normal value was defined by calculating the 95% confidence intervals of controls. Results Five or six of the seven IBS patients showed a reduced rectal pain threshold or maximum tolerable pressure, respectively, at baseline. In all patients with IBS, both thresholds were reduced after RRD load, but they were reduced in none of the patients with FAPS. RRD significantly reduced both thresholds in the IBS group (P < 0.05), but it had no effect in the control or FAPS groups. Conclusions Rectal hypersensitivity induced by RRD may be a reliable marker for IBS. Conditioning-induced visceral hypersensitivity may play a pathophysiologic role in IBS.     

Effect of tegaserod on colonic transit time in male patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Tegaserod is approved for the treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (C-IBS) in females. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tegaserod on colonic transit time (CTT) and symptoms in male patients with C-IBS. METHODS: Forty-four males with C-IBS (Rome II) were enrolled. After a baseline washout period of 2 weeks, 40 patients were randomized to 6 mg twice daily of tegaserod or placebo for 12 weeks. Daily bowel habits and weekly satisfactory relief of symptoms were recorded. Total and segmental CTT were measured using radiopaque markers at baseline and after treatment. RESULTS: The mean +/- SD for the total colonic, right colonic, left colonic and rectosigmoid transit time (in hours) were 18.96 +/- 3.92, 7.74 +/- 1.55, 5.64 +/- 1.51 and 5.58 +/- 2.2 in the tegaserod group compared to 22.47 +/- 3.73, 9.69 +/- 2.33, 6.6 +/- 1.32 and 6.18 +/- 2.22 in the placebo group at the end of 12 weeks. There was a statistically significant difference in the total, right and left CTT in the tegaserod group (P < 0.05) at the end of treatment. Global satisfactory relief at the end of 12 weeks was 75% in the tegaserod group and 50% in the placebo group (P > 0.05). Greater stool frequency occurred in the tegaserod group (P > 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the stool consistency at the end of 12 weeks in patients treated with tegaserod (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Tegaserod causes significant acceleration of CTT in male patients with C-IBS. Although there was a trend towards improvement in bowel symptoms in the treated group, this effect was not statistically significant.     

Cisapride treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome is not superior to placebo

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Previous studies with cisapride reported conflicting results in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). To gain further evidence, this randomized double-blind study was carried out. METHODS: Eighty-two symptomatic outpatients were randomized to receive either 5 mg oral cisapride or placebo three times daily for a period of 12 weeks. In patients without satisfactory improvement after 4 weeks, the dose was doubled. Symptom evaluation used visual analog scales (VAS) and the investigators' global assessment. RESULTS: After 4 weeks, in 18 (45%) cisapride and 24 (57%) placebo patients the dose was doubled because of insufficient improvement of symptoms. The mean VAS score for patients' global rating of IBS symptoms at baseline was 67.5 mm for cisapride versus 70.7 mm for placebo, and improved to 38.4 mm versus 44.5 mm after 12 weeks of treatment. Investigators rated the overall effect of therapy as good or excellent in 70% of the cisapride and 50% of the placebo group. Neither these nor further efficacy parameter differences reached statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the effect of 15-30 mg cisapride daily on symptoms of constipation-predominant IBS is not significantly superior to placebo. During the 12 week treatment of this trial cisapride proved to be safe and tolerable.     

Do patients with irritable bowel syndrome in primary care really differ from outpatients with irritable bowel syndrome?

Background—Little is known about the comparabilityof outpatients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and patients withIBS in primary care with regard to severity of complaints,perceived limitations, other aspects of the complaints, and sex differences.
Aims—To compare outpatients with IBS with primarycare patients with IBS.
Patients—One hundred and nine patients with IBSwere recruited from general practices in Amsterdam and 86 patients withIBS were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the Department of Internal Medicine of the University Hospital in Nijmegen.
Methods—Each patient completed a questionnaire ondemographic variables, abdominal complaints, related complaints, andattributed causes of their abdominal complaints. The scores of the twogroups were compared by univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results—The outpatient group containedsignificantly more men, reported more severe abdominal pain, morefrequent complaints, more interference with daily activities, and ahigher degree of avoidance of activities (p<0.01) than the primarycare group. When each sex was analysed separately, these differencesremained for female (p<0.01) but not for male patients. Outpatientswere more likely to attribute their complaints to somatic causes(p<0.01), whereas primary care patients were more likely to attributetheir complaints to stress (p<0.01) or their agitated way of life(p<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that a high severity score, alarge number of additional complaints, and a low score on the stress attribution were important determinants for being in the outpatient group.
Conclusions—Female outpatients consider theircomplaints to be more serious and interfering than do patients with IBSin primary care. Male outpatients were comparable to primary carepatients with IBS. More research needs to be done into sex specificdifferences in IBS and into the factors that influence the decision torefer a patient with IBS.

     

肠易激综合征结肠粘膜超微结构的观察

目的:观察肠易激综合征(IBS)患者结肠粘膜超微结构的改变。方法:使用透射电镜观察10例IBS患者降结肠粘膜的超微结构改变,并与2例正常者进行了比较性研究。结果:发现IBS组结肠粘膜微绒毛显著稀疏及缺如,排列明显不整齐;粘液细胞显著增多,吸收细胞明显减少;细胞的质膜突发达变长,细胞间隙明显增宽;平滑小泡显著减少。结论:IBS并非都是消化道功能性疾病,可能是有肠粘膜超微结构改变的器质性疾病。