正常人扩展高频测听阈值的研究

目的探讨不同年龄正常人扩展高频测听阈值以标准零级为听力计0dB时的变化特点。方法对131名正常人(21～印岁)按10岁为一组分组，分别测定扩展高频听阈值。听力评价应用ORBITER922—2听力计(Madsen，丹麦)，频率范围0．125～20kHz。结果①各年龄组扩展高频听阈的平均阈值随测听频率和年龄的增加而增加；②各年龄组阈值的检出率随测听频率以及年龄的增加呈下降趋势。结论①正常人的高频测听阈值与年龄及测听频率呈正相关。②高频听阈左右耳及性别间无显著性差异。     

耳鸣声学特征与扩展高频听阈的关系

目的 探讨纯音听阈正常的耳鸣患者耳鸣音调与扩展高频听阈的关系。 方法 对156例纯音听阈正常的耳鸣患者进行耳鸣生理声学检测,以纯音听阈正常的无耳鸣患者为对照组,对两组均进行扩展高频听阈检测。按年龄(25~35岁、36~45岁、46~55岁、≥55岁)分组,比较各组扩展高频听阈的平均值。将耳鸣组患者按耳鸣音调进行分类:低频组(125 Hz、250 Hz、500 Hz)、中频组(1.5 kHz、3 kHz)、高频组(4 kHz、6 kHz、8 kHz、≥9 kHz),一共9组,将各扩展高频平均听阈值(9 kHz、10 kHz、11.2 kHz、12.5 kHz、14 kHz、16 kHz)与对照组患者分别比对分析。 结果 耳鸣组和无耳鸣组之间比较,扩展高频各频率平均阈值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但各年龄组之间对比,年龄、是否耳鸣对扩展高频平均听阈都有显著影响。耳鸣音调1.5 kHz耳鸣组中9 kHz、耳鸣音调3 kHz耳鸣组中11.2 kHz、耳鸣音调4 kHz耳鸣组中10 kHz、耳鸣音调6 kHz耳鸣组中10 kHz和11.2 kHz、耳鸣音调8 kHz耳鸣组中10 kHz和11.2 kHz、耳鸣音调≥9 kHz耳鸣组中10 kHz、11.2 kHz和12.5 kHz平均阈值与对照组比较差异有统计学意义。 结论 扩展高频听阈下降与是否耳鸣、年龄有关。10 kHz、11.2 kHz平均听阈值下降与中、高频耳鸣有关联,特别是对高频耳鸣的患者很敏感,可以作为早期评估高频耳鸣患者早期耳蜗功能的敏感指标。     

正常人8～18 kHz听阈值的检测

目的 研究正常人8～18 kHz扩展高频测听的阈值范围以及阈值特征.方法 选择18～72岁正常人242例(484耳),男142例,女100例,每间隔10岁为一组,共分6组,应用美国GSI-61型听力计,分别行8～18 kHz听阈值检测.结果 40岁及以下各年龄组扩展高频的听阈总趋势是随频率的增加而增加;41～60岁各年龄组,10～14 kHz的阈值随频率增加而增加,14 kHz以上频率阈值随频率增加反而下降;在61～72岁年龄组8～12 kHz的阈值随频率增加明显提高,12 kHz以上各频率阈值随频率增长有下降趋势.扩展高频的阈值未检出率随年龄增长而逐渐上升,在18～岁、21～岁两个年龄组,18 kHz阈值的未检出率各为3%和4%,18 kHz以下的未检出率均为0;61～72岁组18 kHz的未检出率达78%.左右耳及性别间扩展高频测听阈值差异无统计学意义. 结论正常人扩展高频测听敏感性随年龄及测听频率的增高而降低,阈值变化的差异也因频率和年龄的不同而不同,在评价早期高频听力损害时,需考虑年龄及频率因素.     

扩展高频气导听阈和耳鸣的关系

目的 :探讨纯音听阈正常的耳鸣患者扩展高频气导听阈的变化。方法 :对 4 8例纯音听阈正常的耳鸣患者作扩展高频气导听阈测试 ,并根据年龄≤ 2 5岁 (14例 ) ,2 6～ 35岁 (18例 ) ,36～ 4 5岁 (16例 )分成 3个年龄组。同时以 30例正常听力、无耳鸣的青年作为正常对照组 ,分析 4组扩展高频气导听阈与耳鸣的关系。结果 :3个年龄组患侧各频率扩展高频听阈均数与自身健侧比较 ,且与正常对照组相比差异均有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1) ;各年龄组患侧扩展高频听阈与 3个年龄组健侧相同频率听阈比较 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,除≤2 5岁组与 2 6～ 35岁组相比差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )外 ,≤ 2 5岁组与正常组在 10 .0kHz,12 .0kHz和 14 .0kHz差异亦无无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :纯音听阈正常的耳鸣患者的扩展高频气导听阈并不一定正常 ,耳鸣可能是内耳早期病变的症状之一 ,但是 ,对于年龄在 30岁左右及更年长者 ,扩展高频听阈改变还可能与年龄有关。扩展高频听阈测试应作为一种常规听力检查     

60例急性低频感音神经性聋临床疗效分析

目的 探讨急性低频下降型感音神经性听力损失(ALHL)的良好治疗方法.方法 60例急性低频下降型感音神经性耳聋患者,随机分为两组,即对照组和地塞米松组,各30例.对照组患者均给予金钠多注射液等常规治疗10天,地塞米松组患者在对照组用药的基础上加用地塞米松,同样治疗10天,观察两组患者的临床疗效.结果 对照组和地塞米松组治疗后低频平均听阈均有显著改善(均P<0.05),而高频平均听阈治疗前后均明显变化(P>0.05),地塞米松组治疗后高频平均听阈优于对照组(P<0.05).地塞米松组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05).结论 地塞米松联合金钠多治疗急性低频感音神经性聋临床疗效良好,建议临床推广.     

扩展高频测听在噪声性听力损失早期诊断中的应用

目的　探讨扩展高频测听 (1 0～ 2 0kHz)在噪声性听力损失早期诊断中的作用及不同年龄、工龄、暴露噪声的强度与 1 0～ 2 0kHz听阈损失的关系。方法　应用频率范围为 0 5～ 2 0kHz的纯音听力计对 1 0 0 0名噪声下作业工人的听力进行检测 ,以 1 2 0名不同年龄的健康人作为对照组。结果在 95～ 1 1 5dB(A)的噪声强度下 ,当 0 5～ 6kHz的阈值未出现异常时 ,1 0～ 1 8kHz的阈值明显高于对照组 (1 0～ 1 6kHzP <0 0 0 1 ,1 8kHzP <0 0 1 ) ,对最大输出没有反应耳数的比率明显高于对照组 (1 4～2 0kHzP <0 0 1 )。接触噪声的各年龄组 1 0～ 1 8kHz阈值随年龄的增长而升高 ;不同工龄组比较 ,6～1 0年工龄组的 1 0～ 1 8kHz阈值明显升高 ;不同噪声强度组的 1 0～ 2 0kHz阈值比较差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　高强度噪声引起的听力损失 ,1 0～ 2 0kHz听阈的变化早于 0 5～ 6kHz,年龄和工龄影响1 0～ 2 0kHz听阈 ,其对最大输出引不出反应和听阈阈值的变化可作为早期检测噪声性听力损失及噪声易感者的指标。     

正常人扩展高频测听结果报告

目的研究正常人扩展高频听敏度,观察扩展高频听力随年龄增加的细微变化.方法用意大利Amplaid-460型听力计,频率范围8～18kHz.测试正常人128人、256耳,17～50岁,男92人,女36人,其中17～29岁90人,30～50岁38人,125Hz～8kHz纯音各频率听阈≤20dBHL,声导抗测听正常.以5岁为一年龄段分5组进行分析.结果1.正常年轻人(17～29岁)高频听阈总的趋势是随频率提高,听阈逐渐增加,出现率逐渐下降,在14kHz以上频率更为显著;2.正常人17～19岁、20～24岁、25～29岁、30～34岁、35岁以上各年龄组间12、14、16、18kHz听阈相比差异有显著性(P＜0.05),随年龄增加听阈逐渐提高,高频听阈出现率逐渐下降,随频率增加各年龄组差距逐渐明显,14kHz以上频率最为明显.结论人耳的老化是一个逐渐的过程,随年龄增加听阈提高.频率越高受影响越明显.扩展高频纯音测听结果可反映耳蜗亚临床病理状态,有利于早期发现听觉感受器病变,可用于临床监测耳毒性听力损失和早期诊断梅尼埃病等.     

咽鼓管功能对行Ⅰ型鼓室成形术的慢性中耳炎患者短期听力影响分析

目的 通过对耳内镜下Ⅰ型鼓室成形术治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎患者的临床资料分析,探讨咽鼓管功能对其听力影响。方法 收集诊断为慢性化脓性中耳炎患者42例,结合声导抗正负压平衡试验和咽鼓管功能障碍评分量表(ETDQ-7)将分为咽鼓管功能障碍患者作为研究组(25例),将咽鼓管功能正常患者作为对照组(17例),对比分析两组患者手术前后听力的变化。结果 研究组术前与术后气导平均听阈、骨导平均听阈均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);研究组术后气导平均听阈和骨导平均听阈的改善值均高于对照组,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);研究组术后4 k Hz气导听阈改善值低于对照组,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);研究组术后8 k Hz气导听阈改善值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 良好的咽鼓管功能不会增加Ⅰ型鼓室成形术对慢性化脓性中耳炎患者平均听力的改善程度,但有利于患者术后高频听力的恢复。     

军事噪声对老年人言语频率及高频听力的影响

目的　探讨军事噪声对老年人言语频率及高频听力的影响。方法　对 6 0～ 70岁有军事噪声暴露史的老年人 79例 (15 8耳 )及无军事噪声暴露史的老年人 36 4例 (72 8耳 )进行纯音测听 ,将言语听阈和高频听阈进行统计分析。结果　噪声组和对照组的言语平均听阈及高频平均听阈差异均有显著性。噪声组 6 0～ 6 5岁年龄段言语平均听阈为 32 .5 8± 7.5 6dBHL ,6 6～ 70岁年龄段为 38.2 5± 3.80dBHL ;对照组 6 0～ 6 5岁年龄段言语平均听阈为 19.96± 6 .74dBHL ,6 6～ 70岁年龄段为 2 1.2 8± 2 .6 1dBHL。噪声组 6 0～ 6 5岁年龄段高频听阈为 6 1.75±17.87dBHL ,6 6～ 70岁年龄段为 72 .77± 6 .94dBHL ;对照组 6 0～ 6 5岁年龄段高频平均听阈 4 1.73± 10 .4 6dBHL ,6 6～ 70岁年龄段为 4 9.95± 3.2 0dBHL。年龄、噪声均对语频听阈的影响有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,年龄和噪声对语频听阈有交互影响 (P <0 .0 1) ;年龄、噪声分别对高频听阈有影响 (P <0 .0 1) ,但年龄和噪声对高频听阈无交互影响 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　军事噪声使老年人高频听力下降更明显 ,而且随着年龄的增加 ,军事噪声对听力损伤逐渐由高频累及中频 ,年龄和噪声对语频平均听阈的下降有交互影响     

高频测听及耳声发射对老年性听力损失早期诊断的研究

目的探讨扩展高频听阈及畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）幅值与年龄的关系及其对老年性听力损失早期诊断的意义。方法应用扩展高频测听和畸变产物耳声发射对100例常频听力正常者（20～70岁,分5个年龄段）进行听力测试。结果在扩展高频测听中,随测试频率增高,各年龄段听阈逐渐增加,不同测试频率随年龄增加听阈增高,听阈检出率逐渐下降,经SPSS软件分析,在9～11．2kHz,41岁以下组间无显著性差异,但与41岁及以上组有显著性差异（P〈0．01）;12．5～16kHz,20～30岁组与其他各组均有显著差异,51～60岁组与61～70岁组无显著差异。在DPOAE测试中,各频率随年龄增长DPOAE幅值下降,尤其在高频区,不同年龄段DPOAE幅值有显著差异。结论扩展高频测听与畸变产物耳声发射幅值可以作为对老年性听力损失早期诊断的依据,均可以用于老年性听力损失的早期筛查和诊断。     

Hearing impairment associated with chronic renal failure

The auditory sensitivity of 67 patients with chronic end-stage renal failure was assessed. In order to determine the incidence of hearing loss and to describe the impairment and possible contributing factors, one group of 39 patients was assessed prior to treatment by hemodialysis. Twelve of these subjects were then followed for 1 year as they are treated by hemodialysis. The reMayning 27 patients, not treated by hemodialysis, were also retested in one year. A second group of 28 patients who had been receiving hemodialysis over periods of 1 1/2, 3, and 6 years was also evaluated. A high incidence of high-frequency impairment was obtained which could not be attributed to age, noise exposure, ototoxicity, or hereditary. An association between this high-frequency impairment and both the renal disease and its treatment was suggested. Clinically significant sensorineural hearing loss did not appear associated with non-genetic kidney disease.     

High Frequency Audiometry and Chronic Renal Failure

High frequency audiometry with pure tones from 9 to 18 kHz was performed in 37 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing conservative medical treatment and in a control group of 96 patients (age range 30-59 years for both groups). It was noted that the high frequency thresholds were significantly higher for the patients with chronic renal disease, and further deterioration of hearing function was observed at the examination performed after 1 year of follow-up. It was concluded that high frequency audiometry is a sensitive method for detecting hearing changes in patients with chronic renal failure and can be used to monitor these patients.     

High frequency audiometry and chronic renal failure

High frequency audiometry with pure tones from 9 to 18 kHz was performed in 37 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing conservative medical treatment and in a control group of 96 patients (age range 30 59 years for both groups). It was noted that the high frequency thresholds were significantly higher for the patients with chronic renal disease, and further deterioration of hearing function was observed at the examination performed after 1 year of follow-up. It was concluded that high frequency audiometry is a sensitive method for detecting hearing changes in patients with chronic renal failure and can be used to monitor these patients.     

Electrophysiological examinations (ABR and DPOAE) of hearing organ in hemodialysed patients suffering from chronic renal failure

Deterioration of function of hearing organ is one of the most important clinical problem in uremic patients with chronic renal failure. The present study aimed to assess the function of hearing organ using the brainstem auditory evoked responses (ABR), impedance audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emission cochlear function (DPOAE) in 31 haemodialysed patients with chronic renal failure (16 females and 15 males, mean age 43.0 years). The control group consisted of 15 healthy subjects. The latency of the waves I, III, V and I-V interpeak in evoked response audiometry were significantly longer in the patients with CRF (chronic renal failure) compared to the control group. Measurement of DPOAE showed decrease of DPOAE level in patients suffering from CRF. A influence of single hemodialysis and treatment of hemodialysis by 6 months on ABR latencies and DPOAE values were not observed.     

Effects of a Single Session of Hemodialysis on Hearing Abilities

A prospective study was designed to evaluate the effects of a single session of hemodialysis on the parameters of hearing. We carried out serial audiological tests (tympanometry, pure-tone, speech and high frequency audiometry) in 19 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. Tests were performed on patients 1 h before and 2 and 24 h after a randomly selected session of hemodialysis. The results of audiological tests indicated no significant adverse effect of a single session of hemodialysis on hearing.     

Effects of a single session of hemodialysis on hearing abilities.

A prospective study was designed to evaluate the effects of a single session of hemodialysis on the parameters of hearing. We carried out serial audiological tests (tympanometry, pure-tone, speech and high frequency audiometry) in 19 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. Tests were performed on patients 1 h before and 2 and 24 h after a randomly selected session of hemodialysis. The results of audiological tests indicated no significant adverse effect of a single session of hemodialysis on hearing.     

Otologic symptoms in chronic renal failure. The possible role of aminoglycoside-furosemide interaction

Summary In the light of a number of reports about otologic symptoms in chronic renal failure, hemodialysis and kidney transplantation we report the findings in a greater material. The material comprises in total 281 patients, 19 in regular, longtime hemodialysis and 262 with one or more kidney transplantations. The frequency of otologic symptoms was 10%, corresponding to 26 patients, of which 3 had Alport's syndrome and not investigated further. The group with otologic symptoms had significantly more hemodialysis, and marginally larger amounts of ototoxic medication. Otherwise the groups do not diverge.When disregarding 6 patients, where other explanation of the patients symptoms is more likely (hemodynamic conditions in connection with operation, congenital hearing loss and one case of Menière's disease), we find that ototoxic medication probably is the main cause of the otologic symptoms. In particular attention is paid to a possible interaction between aminoglycosides (especially Gentamycin) and diuretics (Furosemide).We find, however, that the majority of the patients do not develop otologic symptoms, and these symptoms are not the direct result of renal failure itself but are due to a complex blend of exogenous and endogenous factors.The material includes only one patient who obtained normal hearing after successful transplantation, and where uremic intoxication migh have been releasing.In the light of several reports about frequent occurrence of acoustic-vestibular symptoms in patients with chronic renal failure, treated with peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis and/or kidney transplantation, we report our findings concerning the symptoms in a number of patients from the nephrological unit, Rigshospitalet.     

Hearing evaluation with distortion-product otoacoustic emissions in young patients undergoing haemodialysis.

Sensorineural hearing loss is frequently reported in young patients with chronic renal failure having haemodialysis. The effect of a single session of haemodialysis on hearing acuity was assessed prospectively in nine children with end-stage renal disease using pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Results were compared with those obtained from nine audiologically normal healthy children also tested with PTA and DPOAEs twice during a 4-h interval. Sensorineural hearing loss of unknown aetiology was found in 55.5% of renal patients, mainly in the higher frequencies. Patients on HD had mean PTA thresholds significantly poorer than those of the control group in the frequency range 1000-12 000Hz (P < 0.05). Their mean DPOAE amplitudes were significantly lower in all frequencies > 1184 Hz (P < 0.05). Furthermore, patients' ears with normal PTA thresholds between 250 and 4000 Hz also had decreased DPOAE amplitudes. No significant changes in PTA thresholds or DPOAE amplitudes were encountered in renal patients before and after a HD session (P > 0.05). Changes in PTA thresholds or DPOAE amplitudes were not significantly different than those in the control group (P > 0.05). In conclusion, sensorineural hearing loss of unknown origin, especially in high frequencies, is frequent in young renal patients under HD and single HD sessions do not seem to alter the hearing acuity of these patients. DPOAEs seem to be more sensitive to incipient cochlear damage than behaviour thresholds in monitoring renal patients.     

慢性耳鸣急性加重时的听阈改变及其对耳鸣预后的影响

目的 探讨慢性耳鸣急性加重时患者的听阈改变及其对耳鸣预后的影响.方法 对32例在习服治疗过程中出现耳鸣急性加重的患者进行纯音听阈、声导抗、耳声发射、听性脑干反应、耳蜗电图及甘油试验等听力学检测,对新出现听阈提高者在习服治疗的同时,按照突发性聋方案治疗.对照组75例仅接受习服治疗.分析慢性耳鸣急性加重时的听阈改变,以及耳鸣加重组与对照组在习服治疗的第3、6、9、12个月时的耳鸣代偿情况.结果 慢性耳鸣急性加重时,出现3种类型的局部频率听阈提高:①既往为4～8 kHz高频下降型听力曲线,耳鸣加重时,相邻的中频区1～2个频率(含半倍频)听阈提高;②既往中频区单个频率听力损失,耳鸣加重时,紧邻的中频区新增单个频率听阈提高,听力曲线由锯齿型转变为凹槽型;③低频听力波动型,慢性耳鸣急性加重时,125～1000 Hz平均听阈较既往提高10～30 dB,而高频区听阈无改变.按照突发性聋方案治疗后,随着新出现听力损伤的恢复,25例随之实现耳鸣代偿.耳鸣加重组与对照组在习服治疗的第3、6、9个月,代偿率差异无统计学意义(X2值分别为0.005、0.005、2.587,P值均>0.05),12个月时,耳鸣加重组代偿率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(X2=0.108,P<0.05).结论 慢性耳鸣急性加重时,出现了不同形式的局部频率听力损失,对新出现听力损失及时有效的治疗,在挽救听力的同时,加速了耳鸣的代偿.     

Hearing evaluation with distortion-product otoacoustic emissions in young patients undergoing haemodialysis

Sensorineural hearing loss is frequently reported in young patients with chronic renal failure having haemodialysis. The effect of a single session of haemodialysis on hearing acuity was assessed prospectively in nine children with end-stage renal disease using pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Results were compared with those obtained from nine audiologically normal healthy children also tested with PTA and DPOAEs twice during a 4-h interval. Sensorineural hearing loss of unknown aetiology was found in 55.5% of renal patients, mainly in the higher frequencies. Patients on HD had mean PTA thresholds significantly poorer than those of the control group in the frequency range 1000–12 000Hz (P < 0.05). Their mean DPOAE amplitudes were significantly lower in all frequencies > 1184 Hz (P < 0.05). Furthermore, patients' ears with normal PTA thresholds between 250 and 4000 Hz also had decreased DPOAE amplitudes. No significant changes in PTA thresholds or DPOAE amplitudes were encountered in renal patients before and after a HD session (P > 0.05). Changes in PTA thresholds or DPOAE amplitudes were not significantly different than those in the control group (P > 0.05). In conclusion, sensorineural hearing loss of unknown origin, especially in high frequencies, is frequent in young renal patients under HD and single HD sessions do not seem to alter the hearing acuity of these patients. DPOAEs seem to be more sensitive to incipient cochlear damage than behaviour thresholds in monitoring renal patients.