420例腹腔镜胆囊切除术护理体会

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除围手术期护理措施及体会。方法对我科2008年1月～2009年12月采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者420例进行围手术期护理。结果本组420例患者痊愈,胆漏1例经过悉心治疗护理于术后25天出院。结论术前充分准备,术后正确评估和护理是腹腔镜胆囊切除术护理工作中的重点。     

加速康复外科在腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期护理中的应用

目的 探讨加速康复外科在腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期护理中应用的安全性、有效性.方法 对进行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的40例患者,随机分FTS组和对照组各20例,FTS采用加速康复外科理念指导下的围手术期护理措施,对照组采用传统的围手术期护理措施,比较两组术后康复情况.结果 40例均痊愈出院,无出血、胆漏、感染等并发症,与对照组相比,FTS组术后胃肠功能恢复快,住院时间短,住院费用低.结论 对实施LC术患者采取FTS理念指导的围手术期护理措施,安全、有效,可加速患者的康复.     

286例老年腹腔镜胆囊切除围手术期的护理

目的总结老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术（1aparoscopiccholecystectomyLC）围手术期护理。方法对我科286例60岁以上行LC患者进行系统的生理、心理护理分析。结果经过合理有效的护理,286例腹腔镜胆囊切除患者成功完成LC,没有出现严重的并发症,均痊愈出院。结论针对性护理措施,合理的围手术期护理是保障老年患者LC成功的关键。     

高龄患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术处理

目的探讨基层医院开展高龄患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术。方法32例70岁以上高龄患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期处理。结果除3例中转开腹外,其余29例均顺利完成LC,无术后并发症发生。结论把握好手术适应证并充分做好围手术期处理,高龄患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术在基层是可行的。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术的护理探讨

目的：探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者手术前,手术中,手术后的护理及并发症的观察与护理。方法：总结行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的护理资料,查阅有关腹腔镜胆囊切除术的杂志。结果：平均手术时间50 min,出血量15-200 mL,中转开腹21例,平均住院时间5 d,通过精心护理无明显术后并发症发生。结论：胆囊炎,胆结石为我国常见病,腹腔镜施行胆囊切除术对患者损伤轻,痛苦少,恢复快,较安全,护士在围术期与医生的协调配合,完善的术前准备,心理护理,术后护理及术后对并发症的观察与护理,是提高治愈率的重要环节。     

高龄患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期的营养支持与护理

腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LG)具有损伤小、痛苦轻、术后恢复快、住院时间短、腹部无明显手术疤痕等优点,深为广大病人所接受。尤其是高龄患者,由于生理性退化,调节功能减退,心、肝、肾和肺等重要器官的免疫功能、抗病能力以及代偿能力都趋于下降,因而大大削弱了对手术的耐受性,加之年高体弱,并发证多,全身条件差,入院时除手术病症以外,大都有不同程度的患有糖尿病、高血压、肺气肿、冠心病等,病情复杂,做好高龄患者围手术期的营养支持与护理是确保手术成功的条件。我院自1991年-2002年已完成LC10000例,其中高龄患者1058例。现就围手术期的营养支持与护理报告如下:     

口腔颌面部肿瘤切除联合颈淋巴清扫患者围术期护理的效果分析

目的 探究口腔颌面部肿瘤切除联合颈淋巴清扫患者围术期护理的效果。方法 选择2018年3月-2020年6月治疗的100例口腔颌面部肿瘤切除联合颈淋巴清扫患者,将其分为两组后,每组各有50例。对照组：常规护理,实验组：围术期护理。比较两组患者护理后满意度与护理前后焦虑、抑郁及生活质量评分情况。结果 实验组对护理工作的满意度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。护理前,两组焦虑、抑郁和生活质量得分相比无显著差异(P>0.05);护理后,实验组的焦虑及抑郁得分低于对照组,生活质量得分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 对口腔颌面部切除联合颈淋巴清扫患者中配合围手术期护理干预,整体临床干预效果显著,患者整体生活质量和心理状态得到改善,且满意度提升。     

急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的护理

急性结石性胆囊炎是临床常见急腹症之一,80%伴有胆囊结石,需要及时手术治疗,目前临床常采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗,该术式具有创伤小、术中出血少、术后恢复快等优势[1].临床发现,加强腹腔镜胆囊切除术围术期护理,有助于改善预后.2012年2月~2013年2月期间我科对收治的87例急性结石性胆囊炎患者,开展腹腔镜胆囊切除术围术期护理,现将临床资料进行回顾性分析,报道如下.     

腹腔镜下行直肠癌根治术52例围手术期护理

目的探讨腹腔镜下直肠癌患者的围手术期护理。方法对52例直肠癌患者做好术前心理护理、肠道及皮肤准备,术后患者回病房进行病情观察,CO2气腹后的护理,胃管和引流管的观察和护理,恶心、呕吐的护理,饮食及功能锻炼,出院指导等围手术期护理。结果本组52例直肠癌患者无一例护理并发症发生。结论对腹腔镜下直肠癌患者进行有效的围手术期护理,可预防并发症发生,减轻术后不适,促进患者康复。     

临床护理路径在围术期子宫肌瘤患者护理中的应用探讨

目的研究临床护理路径子宫肌瘤患者围术期护理效果。方法选取2017年1月-2018年10月收治的108例子宫肌瘤患者,将其随机分为研究组和对照组,各54例患者,研究组利用临床护理路径,对照组利用传统护理,两组均进行围术期护理,对比两组护理质量差异。结果研究组护理满意度98.14%,对照组护理满意度81.48%,两组术后排气时间、住院时间、下床活动时间、疾病知识掌握评分有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论子宫肌瘤通过手术治疗的效果明显,围术期护理效果直接影响了患者的手术治疗效果,临床护理路径能够充分改善患者手术期间护理效果,改善患者对治疗的依从度,促进子宫肌瘤术后的恢复。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.