葛花露对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

实验采用结扎大鼠双侧颈总动脉(30min)后放开(60min),复制脑缺血再灌注损伤模型。通过测定再灌注后海马组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、Na~ -K~ ATPase、Ca~(2 )-ATPase、谷胱甘肤过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量,以观察葛花露对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响。结果表明,葛花露能明显保护脑缺血再灌后海马组织中SOD、GSH-Px、Ca~(2 )-ATPase及Na~ -K~ ATPase活性及降低MDA含量。提示:葛花露对脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

绞股蓝总皂甙抗大鼠海马结构缺血再灌注损伤的作用

为探讨绞股蓝总皂甙抗缺血再灌注损伤的作用,本文检沿了大鼠海马结构缺血再灌注损伤后腺苷三磷酸(ATP)酶活性,并观察了病理组织学的改变.结果:缺血再灌注损伤后,海马结构组织Na~ —K~ —ATPase,Ca~(2 )—ATPase活性为12.56±0.81和24.83±0.55,较正常对照组(Na~ —K~ —ATPase16.07±1.42,Ca~(2 )—ATPase31.46±4.81)的活性明显下降(P<0.01).绞股蓝防治组Na~ —K~ —ATPase,Ca~(2 )—ATPase活性为15.58±2.12和29.61±1.31,脑活素防治组Na~ —K~ —AT-Pase,Ca~(2 )—ATPase活性为15.04±1.50和29.19±1.92,较缺血再灌注组明显上升(P<0.01).绞股蓝总皂甙防治组与脑活素防治组之间无明显差异(P>O.05).同时,海马1区神经毡损伤明显减轻.提示绞股蓝总皂甙有改善ATPase的功能,进而减轻缺血再灌注损伤后海马1区神经组织损害的功效.     

金香丹对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的防护作用

目的 :观察金香丹对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响。方法 :采用结扎左冠状动脉前降支 30min后再灌注 6 0min的方法 ,建立在体大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型。实验共设五组 :假手术组、模型组、地奥心血康组、金香丹大剂量组、金香丹小剂量。测定心肌组织丙二醛 (MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH Px)活性 ;血清肌酸激酶 (CK)及乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)活性水平。结果 :模型组MDA、CK及LDH显著增高 ;而SOD及GSH Px则显著降低 (与假手术组比较 ,P <0 .0 1)。金香丹组不同程度地降低MDA含量 ,提高SOD和GSH Px活性 ,降低血清CK和LDH水平。结论 :金香丹对缺血再灌注心肌有保护作用     

灯盏花素滴丸对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的：观察灯盏花素滴丸对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑损伤的保护作用。方法：采用线栓法复制大鼠大脑中动脉脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,观察缺血后大鼠神经功能障碍情况并进行神经功能评分,测定再灌注后缺血侧脑梗死范围及脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－Px)的活性及丙二醛（MDA）的含量,结果：灯盏花素滴丸3种剂量（40,20,10mg/kg)能显减少线栓法所致的局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的脑梗死面积和减轻神经功能障碍,并拮抗缺血脑组织MDA含量的增加及提高脑组织SOD,GSH－Px活性,结论：灯盏花素滴丸对大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注损伤具有很好的保护作用。     

脑活素对大鼠海马缺血再灌注损伤的影响

本文通过结扎大鼠两则颈总动脉30min后再8灌注1小时，造成海马缺血再灌注损伤模型，观察脑活素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响。海马缺血再灌注时超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）Na^ —K^ ATPase，Ca^ 2—ATPase的活性均降低；丙二醛（MDA）含量增高；预防性应用脑活素可以明显增加总抗氧化活性，降低MDA含量。结果提示脑活素具有抗氧化作用，对脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

灯盏花素磷脂复合物对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 观察灯盏花素磷脂复合物(Ber-PC)对脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑损伤的影响.方法 复制大鼠大脑中动脉脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,观察缺血后大鼠神经功能障碍情况,测定再灌注后缺血侧脑梗死范围及脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量.结果 Ber-PC剂量依赖性减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的神经功能障碍,减少脑梗死面积,拮抗缺血脑组织MDA含量的增加,提高脑组织SOD、GSH-PX活性.结论 Ber-PC对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠具有明显的保护作用,具有良好的新药开发前景.     

电针对心肌缺血再灌注损伤家兔自由基系统的影响

结扎60min之后再松开冠状动脉左前降支，造成家兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型，针刺内关、神门穴，并观察其血中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－Px)、丙二醛（MDA）的变化。结果表明：与模型组相比，电针显著提高血中SOD、GSH－Px活性，减少MDA的生成。提示针刺对心肌缺血再灌注损伤有明显的保护作用。     

八味沉香散对肾缺血再灌注损伤的抗氧化作用研究

目的探讨八味沉香散对实验性大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的抗氧化作用。方法在大鼠肾动脉缺血再灌注模型上观察八味沉香散对肾缺血再灌注引起的血清丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）、一氧化氮（NO）含量及肾组织形态学变化的影响。结果八味沉香散组MDA、SOD、GSH、GSH—Px与再灌组比较有明显差异（P〈0．05），NO含量与再灌组比较有明显差异（P〈0．05），肾组织病变较再灌组减轻。结论八味沉香散在肾缺血再灌注损伤中具有抗氧化作用。     

重组蟹金属硫蛋白对长爪沙鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的抗氧化作用

目的探讨外源性重组蟹金属硫蛋白（rMT）对长爪沙鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的抗氧化作用。方法160只长爪沙鼠随机分为4组（每组又分为4个亚组），比较假手术组（Sham）、脑缺血再灌注组（I／R组）、MT预处理组（MT组）和依达拉奉阳性对照组（ED组）分别再灌注2d、3d、5d和7d后，血清的谷胱甘肽（GSH）和丙二醛（MDA）含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和总抗氧化能力（T—AOC）的变化。结果MT组在一定的时间点能明显提高血清中GSH—Px、SOD和T-AOC的活性（P〈0．05），减少MDA含量（P〈0．05）。结论MT在一定的时间窗内可增强体内抗氧化酶活力，阻止脂质过氧化水平的升高，减轻脑缺血再灌注引起的神经元损伤，但MT在缺血再灌注的早期对GSH含量的作用不明显。     

通心络对局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的抗氧化作用

目的：研究通心络对局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠脑组织线粒体ATPase、抗氧化酶和脂质过氧物的影响。方法：采用栓线法复制局灶性脑缺血（MCAO）再灌注损伤大鼠模型，观察通心络对大鼠脑组织匀浆及线粒体中超氧化物岐化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD），丙二醛（malonaldehyde，MDA）。谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase，GSH-Px）的影响；检测线粒体组分中的腺苷三磷酸酶（adenosine triphosphatase，ATPase）活性变化。结果：通心络能抑制缺血再灌注大鼠脑组织匀浆中SOD含量的降低及MDA含量的升高，但对GSH-Px含量无明显影响；能抑制线粒体组分中SOD，GSH-Px含量及ATPase活性的降低和MDA含量的升高。结论：通心络对局灶性缺血再灌注大鼠脑损伤的保护作用机制可能与其抗脂质过氧化作用有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.