非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床应用

目的 评价非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（OPCAB）的临床应用价值。方法 42例冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者，均经正中切口行OPCAB，人均旁路移植2.42支（1-4支），应用左乳内动脉42支。大隐静脉46支。结果 术后无严重并发症。术后平均住院13.5天。平均住院费用3.5万元。1例术后1周死于心肺功能衰竭，其余患者术后心绞痛均消失。结论 OPCAB是一种创伤小，安全，经济和临床效果好的手术技术。适用于单支，多支冠脉病变和具有高危因素的患者，值得大力推广。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠心病42例

目的探讨冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）对冠心病的治疗效果。方法全组42例手术在全麻下进行，常规气管插管，均常规正中开胸，18例在体外循环（CPB）下手术，其余24例在非体外循环下行冠状动脉搭桥（OPCABG），取大隐静脉（SVG）与左乳内动脉（LIMA）同时进行，LIMA与前降支（LAD）搭桥42例，平均每例搭桥（2．4±0．8）支。结果全组均无死亡，平均手术时间（3.2±0．5）h，平均带气管插管时间（12±6）h。结论冠状动脉旁路移植术疗效显著，恢复和重建心肌血运确切，手术安全，效果令人满意。     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术91例

目的 总结91例非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（OPCAB）的手术经验。方法 2002年4月～2007年4月,采用非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术治疗冠心病91例,男83例,女8例,年龄36～80岁,其中二支血管病变13例,三支血管病变78例,合并左主干病变15例,均在非体外循环、心脏不停跳下进行冠状动脉旁路移植术,8例搭桥4支,67例搭桥3支,16例搭桥2支。89例应用左乳内动脉吻合前降支,15例应用桡动脉吻合后降支,其余均采用大隐静脉吻合。8例应用主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）。结果 全组91例共行冠脉搭桥265支,平均2．91支／人,全组死亡1例,全组无出血和脑部并发症发生。结论 非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术是安全可行的手术方式,可避免体外循环的并发症．手术效果满意。     

微创冠脉搭桥手术临床应用和效果30例分析

目的：评价不停跳微创冠脉搭桥术的临床效果。方法：对30例冠心病患者采用胸骨正中切口,应用心脏表面固定器、心包深部牵引线、冠脉内分流器及吹雾器行不停跳搭桥术。结果：30例全部使用左侧乳内动脉,搭桥1－4根;平均手术时间161min;术中平均失血320ml。1例在术中改为常规体外循环冠脉搭桥手术;术后24h平均引流量380ml,平均输血或血制品320ml;4例术后在手术室内拔管,ICU机械辅助通气平均时间为4．2h;ICU监护时间平均12．6h（8－20h）;术后平均住院12．5d（8－19d）。1例术后2周死于严重的肺部感染,住院死亡率3．3％。术后随访1－7个月,所有患者术后心绞痛均消失。结论：不停跳心脏微创搭桥术创伤小、安全、经济、临床效果好,适用于单支、多支冠脉病变和具有高危因素的患者,值得在临床大力推广。     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床应用

目的 报告5例胸部正中切口非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术。方法 手术在全麻常温下进行，经胸部正中切口，平均每例搭桥2．4支。结果 全组无手术死亡，无重要并发症发生。术后心绞痛消失，心功改善，心电图无缺血性改变。结论 如病例选择适当，经胸部正中切口非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术安全可行，并可减轻手术创伤，减少术后并发症，减少输血，缩短住院时间，降低医疗费用。     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术早期疗效观察

目的总结分析非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)的早期临床疗效和经验体会。方法对22例冠状动脉疾病患者施行OPCAB,其中2支血管病变3例,3支病变19例(包括左主干病变4例)。均采用胸骨正中切口,每例完成远端吻合口2～5个,平均3.6个,91%患者使用左乳内动脉(LIMA)。结果全组病例顺利完成手术,无中转体外循环(CPB)。术后机械辅助通气时间4～12h,平均5.8h。所有患者康复出院,随访3～26个月,心绞痛症状全部消失,生活质量明显提高。结论OPCAB创伤小、安全可行、经济,早期疗效满意。     

个体化全动脉冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床应用

目的：总结非体外循环下个体化全动脉冠状动脉旁路移植术（coronary artery bypass grafting,CABG）的近期结果和手术经验。方法：2016年1月—2018年11月,55例冠脉多支病变患者接受了非体外循环下个体化全动脉CABG术。26例采用原位左乳内动脉和左桡动脉（47.3%）作为移植血管材料,16例采用原位左乳内动脉和双桡动脉（29.1%）,11例使用原位左乳内动脉、游离右乳内动脉和左桡动脉（20.0%）,余2例使用原位双乳内动脉和左桡动脉（3.6%）。观察患者围手术期并发症,随访移植血管通畅率,考察患者的生存质量。结果：有2例患者术后置入主动脉内球囊反搏（intra?aortic balloon pump,IABP）治疗,2例切口延迟愈合,1例急性肾衰,经积极治疗后均好转,围术期和随访过程中无死亡,无主要心脑血管不良事件发生,心绞痛症状全部消失,随访的移植血管全部通畅,无再次血运重建手术需要。结论：非体外循环下全动脉CABG近期临床疗效满意,基于个体靶血管解剖特点的个体化全动脉策略可实现完全再血管化,近期桥血管通畅率满意。     

全动脉化冠脉旁路移植术对冠心病患者术后早期预后的影响

目的 探讨体外循环下行全动脉化冠状动脉旁路移植术对患者围手术期临床疗效与术后早期预后的影响.方法 58例行体外循环下全动脉化冠脉旁路移植手术的冠心病患者为A组,52例行体外循环下常规冠脉旁路移植手术的冠心病患者为B组.比较两组患者围手术期的相关数据,评估手术疗效,随访并记录患者术后12个月内心血管不良事件(major ...     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床应用

目的:探讨非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)的手术经验及临床应用。方法:回顾分析我院自2004年3月-2007年12月采用非体外循环不停跳下进行冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠心病37例的临床资料,全组均应用左乳内动脉吻合前降支,2例患者术前及术中应用主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)临时辅助。结果:全组37例共行冠脉搭桥109支,平均2.94支/人,3例搭桥4支,29例搭桥3支,5例搭桥2支。全组死亡1例,全组无出血和脑部并发症发生。结论:非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术是安全可行的手术方式,可避免体外循环的并发症,手术效果满意。     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗左冠状动脉主干严重狭窄

目的：探讨左冠状动脉主干严重狭窄的高危患者行非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（OPCAB）的可行性。方法：对35例冠状动脉主干严重狭窄患者进行了OPCAB，术中采用心脏表面固定器和冠脉内分流栓，4例术前应用I－ABP。并与同期34例冠状动脉主干严重狭窄患者进行传统体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（cCABG)作对照。结果：平均塔桥2．9根，无手术死亡，与cCABG组相比，术后呼吸机辅助，住院时间及主要并发症均明显减低，均痊愈出院，结论：左冠状动脉主干严重狭窄的高危患者接受OPCAB是安全和可行的。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.