Lack of association between lysyl oxidase-like 1 polymorphisms and primary open angle glaucoma:a meta-analysis

AIM: To study the associations between lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) polymorphisms and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) remain inconsistent. In this study, we have performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association of LOXL1 polymorphisms with POAG risk.METHODS: Published literature from PubMed and other databases were retrieved. All studies evaluating the association between LOXL1 polymorphisms (rs2165241, rs1048661, rs3825942) and POAG risk were included. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random- or fixed-effects model.RESULTS: Twelve studies were identified as eligible articles, with thirteen (2098 cases and 16 473 controls), thirteen (1795 cases and 2916 controls) and sixteen population cohorts (2456 cases and 2846 controls) for the association of rs2165241, rs1048661 and rs3825942 with POAG risk respectively. Overall analyses showed no association between each LOXL1 polymorphism and POAG risk, and the negative associations were remained when the subjects were stratified as Caucasian and Asian. The heterozygote of rs2165241 was associated with reduced POAG risk in hospital-based populations (TC vs CC:OR, 0.79, 95%CI:0.63-0.99), and rs1048661 was associated with increased POAG risk in hospital-based populations in a dominant model (TT vs CC+CT:OR, 1.23, 95%CI:1.01-1.50); however, these associations were not found in population-based subjects.CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that LOXL1 polymorphisms are not associated with POAG risk. Given the limited sample size, the associations of LOXL1 polymorphisms with POAG risk in hospital-based populations await further investigation.     

Complement factor B polymorphism (rs641153) and susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration:evidence from published studies

AIM:To determine whether single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs641153 is associated with the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), we performed a systematic meta-analysis of 15 eligible studies. SNP in the complement factor B (CFB) gene is considered to have significant association with AMD susceptibility, but there is great discrepancy in these results.METHODS: The eligible studies were identified by searching the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association. All data were analyzed using Stata software.RESULTS:The association between rs641153 and AMD risk was statistically significant under the homozygous model (AA vs GG:OR=0.26, 95%CI=0.15-0.45, Ph=0.973, I²=0.0%, fixed effects), dominant model (AA+GA vs GG:OR=0.49, 95%CI=0.40-0.59, Ph=0.004, I²=56.4%, random effects) and recessive model (AA vs GA+GG:OR=0.30, 95%CI=0.17-0.51, Ph=0.983, I²=0.0%, fixed effects). The same results were also observed in the stratified analyses by ethnicity, source of control and sample size.CONCLUSION:Our meta-analysis suggests that rs641153 in the CFB gene may play a protective role in AMD susceptibility, the late AMD in particular, both in Caucasians and in Asians.     

Association of genetic variants at MYP10 and MYP15 with high myopia in a Han Chinese population

Background: Previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) has revealed the association between MYP10 at 8p23 and MYP15 at 10q21.1 and high myopia (HM) in a French population. This study is managed to discover the connection between some single nucleotide polymorphism (located at MYP10 and MYP15) and Han Chinese HM.

Methods and Results: This case-control association study contained 1673 samples, including 869 ophthalmic patients and 804 controls. Twelve tag SNPs have been selected from the MYP10 and MYP15 loci and genotyped by SNaPshot method. Among 12 SNPs, rs4840437 and rs6989782 in TNKS gene were found significant association with HM. Carriers of rs4840437G allele and rs4840437GG genotype created a low risk of high myopia (P = .036, OR = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.71–0.93; P = .016, OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.56–0.96; respectively). Carriers of rs6989782T allele and rs6989782TT+CT genotype also had a decreased risk of high myopia (P = .048, OR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.71–0.94; P = .006, OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.59–0.92; respectively). Other 10 SNPs displaced nonsignificant association with HM. Additionally, the risk haplotype AC and the protective haplotype GT, generated by two SNPs in TNKS, were considerably more likely to be association with HM (for AC, P = .002 and OR = 1.26; for GT, P = .027 and OR = 0.84).

Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that some heritable variants in the TNKS gene are associated with HM in the Han population. The possible functions of TNKS in the development and pathogenesis of hereditary high myopia still require further researches to identify.     

Association of COL1A1 polymorphism with high myopia: a Meta-analysis

AIM: To investigate the association between collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) gene and high myopia. METHODS: In this Meta-analysis, we examined 5 published case-control studies that involved 1942 high myopia cases and 2929 healthy controls to assess the association between the COL1A1 rs2075555 polymorphism and high myopia risk. We calculated the pooled odds ratios (ORs) of COL1A1 rs2075555 polymorphism in high myopia cases vs healthy controls to evaluate the strength of the association. RESULTS: Overall, there was no significant difference both in the genotype and allele distributions of COL1A1 rs2075555 polymorphism between high myopia cases and healthy controls: CC vs AA OR=1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.76-1.58; AC vs AA OR=0.98, 95%CI 0.80-1.20; CC/AC vs AA/OR=1.01, 95%CI 0.84-1.22; CC vs AC/AA OR=1.06, 95%CI=0.93-1.20; C vs A OR=1.06, 95%CI 0.91-1.23). In addition, in the stratified analyses by ethnicity, no significant associations were found in any genetic model both in European and Asia cohorts. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the COL1A1 rs2075555 polymorphism may not affect susceptibility to high myopia.     

Meta-analysis of association between K469E polymorphism of the ICAM-1 gene and retinopathy in type 2 diabetes

AIM:To collectively evaluate the association of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene K469E polymorphism (rs5498) with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM).METHODS:Overall review of available literatures relating K469E polymorphism to the risk of DR was conducted on 4 electronic databases. Meta-analysis was performed by Stata 12.0 to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs). Potential sources of heterogeneity and bias were explored.RESULTS:Seven studies with genotype frequency data including 1120 cases with DR and 956 diabetic controls free of DR were included. Meta-analysis did not show significant association of K469E polymorphism with DR (P>0.05). A statistically significant association was detected between the K469E polymorphism and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in Asians only in dominant model (GG+AG vs AA) with pooled OR of 0.729 (95%CI:0.564-0.942, P=0.016, Pheterogeneity=0.143), however, this association was not detected in recessive model (GA+AA vs GG; OR=1.178, 95%CI:0.898-1.545, P=0.236, Pheterogeneity=0.248) or allelic model (G vs A; OR=0.769, 95% CI:0.576-1.026, P=0.074, Pheterogeneity=0.094). No publication bias was found by Funnel plot, Begg's and Egger's test.CONCLUSION:This research found no statistically significant association between ICAM-1 gene K469E polymorphism and DR in patients with T2DM, but showed significant association of the K469E polymorphism with PDR in Asian diabetic patients only in dominant model. Further investigation would be required to consolidate the conclusion.     

SERPING1基因rs2511989多态性与年龄相关性黄斑变性相关性研究的Meta分析

目的:探讨经典通路SERPING1基因rs2511989基因多态性与年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)的相关性.方法:检索中国学术期刊网(CNKI)、PubMed、Cochrane、Embase以及Web of Science数据库,使用随机效应模型,使用OR值及其95％可信区间评价SERPING1 rs2511989基因多态性与AMD易感性的关联程度,同时对入选文献异质性,敏感性以及发表偏倚等进行评估.结果:共纳入15项病例对照研究,收集8657例AMD患者,对照组5393例.各个遗传模型中均未发现SERPING1基因多态性与AMD发病具有相关性.(显性模型:OR=0.960,95％ CI:0.918 ～1.003,P=0.009;隐性模型:OR=0.898,95％ CI:0.791 ～1.019,P=0.035;共显性纯合模型:OR=0.881,95％ CI:0.770 ～1.008,P=0.003;共显性杂合模型:OR=0.962,95％ CI:0.917 ～1.010,P=0.050).但进一步研究发现SERPING1基因多态性与新生血管型AMD显著相关.(显性模型:OR=0.691,95％ CI:0.547～0.872;共显性纯合模型:OR=0.661,95％ CI:0.450 ～0.971;共显性杂合模型:OR=0.754,95％ CI:0.589～0.964).亚组分析未发现种族与国家对rs2511989基因多态性与AMD有影响.结论:通常情况下SERPING1 rs2511989基因多态性与AMD无相关性,但在新生血管类型AMD可能与其存在相关性.期待更多研究来证实该假说.     

Complement factor B polymorphism (rs641153) and susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration:evidence from published studies

AIM

To determine whether single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs641153 is associated with the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), we performed a systematic meta-analysis of 15 eligible studies. SNP in the complement factor B (CFB) gene is considered to have significant association with AMD susceptibility, but there is great discrepancy in these results.

METHODS

The eligible studies were identified by searching the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association. All data were analyzed using Stata software.

RESULTS

The association between rs641153 and AMD risk was statistically significant under the homozygous model (AA vs GG:OR=0.26, 95%CI=0.15-0.45, P_h=0.973, I²=0.0%, fixed effects), dominant model (AA+GA vs GG:OR=0.49, 95%CI=0.40-0.59, P_h=0.004, I²=56.4%, random effects) and recessive model (AA vs GA+GG:OR=0.30, 95%CI=0.17-0.51, P_h=0.983, I²=0.0%, fixed effects). The same results were also observed in the stratified analyses by ethnicity, source of control and sample size.

CONCLUSION

Our meta-analysis suggests that rs641153 in the CFB gene may play a protective role in AMD susceptibility, the late AMD in particular, both in Caucasians and in Asians.     

中国人近视与原发性开角型青光眼相关性的 Meta 分析

采用Meta分析的方法探讨中国人近视与原发性开角型青光眼（ POAG）的相关性。方法检索CNKI和VIP数据库中自建库至2013年7月20日之间公开发表的文献,对符合纳入标准的研究进行数据提取之后,采用Comprehensive Meta Analysis （ CMA） v2．2软件进行 Meta分析。结果最终纳入5个研究,其中3个研究将高度近视作为暴露因素单独列出来。 Meta分析结果显示,暴露于近视的人群罹患POAG的风险增加3．07倍（OR ＝3．07,95％CI ＝1．90-4．96;P ＜0．01）;暴露于高度近视者（屈光度数＞-6．0 D）,罹患POAG的风险增加7．15倍（OR ＝7．15,95％CI ＝4．01-12．75;P ＜0．01）。敏感性分析显示结果稳健性好,未行发表偏倚分析。结论当前证据表明近视很可能是开角型青光眼的一个独立的、有意义的危险因素,并且高度近视者罹患POAG的风险高。     

Absence of an association between lumican promoter variants and high myopia in the Korean population

Purpose: To determine the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of the lumican (LUM) gene with high myopic Korean patients.

Methods: Genomic DNA samples were obtained from 128 unrelated Korean patients with high myopia who had refractive errors ≤ ?9.25 and axial lengths ≥ 26.5?mm in both eyes, and 235 control subjects. We investigated two promoter SNPs of the LUM gene.

Results: For the rs3759222, the C/C genotype was less prevalent in the high myopia group compared to the control group (46.1% vs. 53.2%); however, there was no statistical significance (p = 0.068, OR = 0.754, 95% CI: 0.491–1.159). The “C” allele frequency in the high myopia group (68.0%) was slightly lower than the control group (72.6%), but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.061, OR = 0.810, 95% CI:0.582–1.126). For the rs3759223, the genotype frequencies of T/T, T/C, and C/C were 67.2%, 26.6%, and 6.2%, respectively, in the high myopia group and 64.7%, 30.6%, and 4.7 %, respectively, in the control group. The allele frequency of T was 80.5% in the high myopia group and 80.0% in the control group (p = 0.077, OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.703–1.508). There were no significant differences in the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies for the two promoter SNPs tested.

Conclusions: The current study did not support an association between the promoter SNPs of the LUM gene with high myopia in the Korean population.     

Comparison of bevacizumab and ranibizumab in age-related macular degeneration:a systematic review and meta-analysis

AIM: To compare the effectiveness and safety between bevacizumab and ranibizumab in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS:We performed a comprehensive search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, case-control and cohort studies that compared bevacizumab and ranibizumab using PubMed and the Cochrane Library. After the related data were extracted by two investigators independently, pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects or a fixed-effects model.RESULTS:A total of four RCTs involving 1927 patients and eleven retrospective case series involving 2296 patients were included. For the primary outcomes, no significant differences were found between ranibizumab group and bevacizumab group in visual acuity (WMD:-0.04; 95%CI:-0.08 to 0.00; P=0.06), best corrected visual acuity (WMD:-0.05; 95%CI:-0.10 to 0.00; P=0.05), retina thickness (WMD:-4.69; 95%CI:-13.15 to 3.76; P=0.86) and foveal thickness (WMD:10.91; 95%CI:-14.73 to 36.56; P=0.40). The pooled analyses in the evaluation of safety showed that compared to bevacizumab, ranibizumab was associated with decreased risks of ocular inflammation (RR:0.45; 95% CI:0.23 to 0.89; P=0.02) and venous thrombotic events (RR:0.27; 95%CI:0.08 to 0.89; P=0.03). However, there were no significant differences observed in deaths (P=0.69) and arterial thromboembolic events (P=0.71) between the two groups.CONCLUSION:With equal clinical efficacy, ranibizumab was found to be associated with less adverse events compared to bevacizumab, indicating that ranibizumab might be a safer management.     

Analysis of the rates of emulsification in intraocular silicone oil tamponades of differing viscosities

AIM:To investigate the rates of emulsification in silicone oil(SO)tamponades of differing viscosities used during pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)in the treatment of complicated vitreoretinal diseases.METHODS:This study was a prospective randomized clinical trial.Totally 290 cases with greater likelihoods of secondary detachment were included and randomly grouped into either Siluron 2000(n=143)or Siluron 5000(n=147)SO tamponades with 23-gauge PPV.Patient followups and data analyses were conducted 1,3,6,and 12 mo post-surgery.RESULTS:The time of the SO emulsification ranged from 1 to 17 mo,with a mean of 7.3±4.2 mo.The Siluron 5000 group showed a slower emulsification rate in comparison to the Siluron 2000 group.The Siluron 2000 group took a shorter time to show signs of emulsification,necessitating earlier SO removal.However,there were no significant differences in the occurrence of complications,including secondary retinal detachment,cataract,corneal abnormality,high intraocular pressure and hypotony.CONCLUSION:The Siluron 2000 SO tamponade shows a faster rate of emulsification than the Siluron 5000 SO,necessitating earlier removal.Both groups show similar results in terms of anatomical success and visual acuity outcome,and there is no significant difference between the SOs regarding the occurrence of complications.     

Association of polymorphism rs11656696 in GAS7 with primary open-Angle Glaucoma in a Chinese Population

Background: It has been shown that genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). This study was conducted to investigate the association between the polymorphism rs11656696 located in the growth arrest-specific 7 gene (GAS7) and POAG.

Methods: A cohort of 799 unrelated POAG patients and 799 unrelated control subjects was enrolled in this case-control association study. The polymorphism rs11656696 was genotyped using the SNaPshot method. The genotype and allele frequencies were evaluated using the χ² tests.

Results: The allele frequency distribution of rs11656696 in the GAS7 gene showed that there was significant difference between POAG cases and controls (P= .006448, OR = 0.82, 95%CI = (0.72–0.95). The minor “A” allele frequency of this polymorphism was 0.477 in the POAG cases, whereas it was 0.526 in controls, suggesting a protective effect for POAG. Significant associations were detected under the homozygous model (p = .006425, OR = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.51–0.90) and recessive model (p = .0003432, OR = 0.66, 95%CI = 0.52–0.84), indicating that subjects carrying rs11656696 AA genotype were less likely to suffer from POAG than those carrying AC/CC genotypes.

Conclusion: This case-control association study showed that polymorphism rs11656696 in GAS7 is related to POAG and might be a protective factor against POAG.     

Association between SERPING1 rs2511989 polymorphism and age-related macular degeneration: Meta-analysis

AIM: To investigate the association between SERPING1 rs2511989 (G>A) polymorphism and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: A number of electronic databases (up to July 15, 2014) were searched independently by two investigators. A Meta-analysis was performed on the association between SERPING1 rs2511989 polymorphism and AMD. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. RESULTS: Eight studies with 16 cohorts consisting of 9163 cases and 6813 controls were included in this Meta-analysis. There was no significant association between rs2511989 polymorphism and AMD under all genetic models in overall estimates (A vs G: OR= 0.938, 95%CI =0.858-1.025; AA vs GG:OR =0.871, 95%CI =0.719-1.056; AG vs GG: OR =0.944, 95%CI =0.845-1.054; AA+AG vs GG: OR =0.927, 95% CI =0.823-1.044; AA vs AG+GG: OR =0.890, 95%CI =0.780-1.034). Cumulative Meta-analyses also showed a trend of no association between rs2511989 polymorphism and AMD as information accumulated by year. Subgroup analysis and Meta-regression analysis indicated that age-matching status was the main source of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis found the results in overall comparisons and subgroup comparisons of white subjects under the allele model were found to have significantly statistical differences after studies deviating from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were excluded (overall: OR=0.918, 95%CI = 0.844-0.999, P =0.049; whites: OR =0.901, 95%CI = 0.817-0.994, P =0.038). However, the results were not sufficiently robust for further sensitivity analysis and statistical differences disappeared on applying Bonferroni correction (with a significance level set at 0.05/25). CONCLUSION: This Meta-analysis indicates that SERPING1 rs2511989 polymorphism and AMD tend to have no association with each other. Age matching status is a big confounding factor, and more studies with subtle designs are warranted in future.     

Relationship between dietary macronutrient intake and the risk of age-related cataract in middle-aged and elderly patients in northeast China

AIM: To examine the association between dietary macronutrient intake and the risk of age-related cataract (ARC) in middle-aged and elderly men.METHODS:A hospital-based case-control study was conducted from December 2009 to November 2011. Cases (n=360) were patients with cataract aged 45-85 years old, and controls (n=360) were patients who had been admitted to the same hospital for diseases not related with cataract. All subjects were interviewed using a structured interviewer-administrated questionnaire that included information on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits and detailed medical history, simultaneously, the dietary intakes of nutrients were collected via a valid semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) of three types of ARC were estimated using multiple logistic regression models.RESULTS: After adjusting for multiple potential confounders, total dietary intake of carbohydrate was positively associated with cortical cataract, compared to controls in the lowest quartile, and the OR for cases in the highest quartile of intake was 2.471 (95%CI:1.348-6.043, P=0.027). Higher dietary intakes of protein were protective for posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) (OR=0.528, 95%CI:0.148-0.869, P=0.023). Dietary fat intake was not associated with any type of cataract, however, participants in the highest quartile of polyunsaturated fatty acids intake had 2.7 times the risk of nuclear cataract as did those in the lowest quartile (OR=2.742, 95%CI:1.790-4.200, P=0.033).CONCLUSION: A high intake of carbohydrate and polyunsaturated fatty acid may increase the odds of cortical and nuclear cataract, respectively, whereas high intake of protein, especially animal protein, may protect against PSC cataract. It is possible that dietary changes of target population may reduce the risk of ARC.     

角膜塑形镜控制青少年近视有效性及安全性的Meta分析

目的 就角膜塑形镜对青少年近视患者的有效性及安全性进行Meta分析。方法 循证医学研究。以2017年1月前发表的角膜塑形镜控制儿童近视进展有效性和安全性的临床资料为目标,检索Medline及中国知网、万方数据库。通过Stata 11.0对文献进行Meta分析。计算1年和2年时间的眼轴长度改变的加权均数差（WMD）和不良反应发生率的比值比（OR及95%CI）,并按研究类型、种族、测量仪器等因素进行亚组分析。结果 共纳入14项研究,病例共2 563例,其中塑形镜组1 339例,框架镜组1 224例。Meta分析结果显示：2年观察中,塑形镜组和框架镜组眼轴的变化量有显著差异,WMD=-0.361,95%CI：-0.604~0.118,1年观察中,塑形镜组和框架镜组眼轴的变化量有显著差异,WMD=-0.356,95%CI：-0.610~-0.102。随访1年后塑形镜组近视控制率为66.6%,随访2年后为51.3%[近视控制率=（塑形镜组眼轴变化量-框架镜组眼轴变化量）/框架镜组眼轴变化量]。2年随访时间内,塑形镜组和框架镜组不良反应发生率的OR=6.408,95%CI：2.460~16.688。结论 角膜塑形镜是一个有效且相对安全的控制儿童近视进展的方法。     

Association between complement factor I gene polymorphisms and the risk of age-related macular degeneration: a Meta-analysis of literature

AIM: To systematically review the association between complement factors I (CFI) polymorphisms and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to explore whether CFI polymorphisms are associated with AMD. METHODS: Meta-analysis of articles published from 1995 to January 2015 of articles involved with AMD and polymorphisms of the CFI gene. Eligible data were pooled in a Meta-analysis, analyzing using STATA software (version 12.0), Review Manager (version 5.2) and different models based on the heterogeneity of effect sizes. Egger’s test, Begg’s rank correlation methods were used to evaluate for publication bias. RESULTS: Thirteen articles were eligible, describing two loci polymorphisms of the CFI gene (of which 12 articles focus on rs10033900T>C and 3 articles focus on rs2285714C>T). For rs10033900T>C, the results of our study revealed that having a mutant allele C, TC, CC and TC+CC was associated with a decreased risk of AMD in all population groups studied (C versus T models, OR=0.84, 95%CI: 0.72-0.99, P=0.04; TC versus TT models OR=0.89, 95%CI: 0.88-0.99, P=0.04; CC versus TT models, OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.60-0.98, P=0.03; TC+CC versus TT models, OR=0.81, 95%CI:0.65-0.99, P=0.04). We found that C allele were related to lower AMD risk in the Caucasian population by subgroup analysis, but there was no association with AMD under the allele and genotypes comparison in Asian studies. For rs2285714 C>T, the TC, TT genotypes contributed to a higher risk of AMD, compared with the CC carriers and TC+CC (OR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.09-1.63, P=0.004; OR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.25-1.80, P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: This Meta-analysis suggests that CFI rs10033900T>C and rs2285714C>T polymorphisms may contribute to AMD.     

Association between SKIV2L polymorphism rs429608 and age-related macular degeneration: A meta-analysis

Purpose: This study was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the potential association of SKIV2L polymorphism rs429608 with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through a meta-analysis.

Methods: We performed a literature search in EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Chinese Biomedical Database for AMD genetic studies published before August 30, 2015. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using fixed-effect models or random effect models according to between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias analyses were conducted using Egger’s test.

Results: A total of five studies from published articles were included, and a total number of 2789 AMD cases and 3451 healthy controls were tested in this meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that SKIV2L rs429608 is associated with AMD under allelic model (A vs. G; OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.44–0.62, p < 0.001), heterozygous model (AG vs. GG; OR = 0.51; 95%CI, 0.38–0.68; p < 0.001; P_Q = 0.48; I² = 0) and dominant model (AA+AG vs. GG; OR = 0.49; 95%CI 0.37–0.65; p < 0.001; P_Q = 0.44; I² = 0), but not under other genetic models.

Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed that SKIV2L rs429608 was statistically associated with AMD and it might exert a protective effect on AMD. Further investigations are needed to validate the association and confirm the role of SKIV2L in AMD.     

双亲近视眼与高校新生近视眼患病率的关系

【摘要】 目的 分析双亲是否患有近视眼对大学新生近视眼患病率的影响。设计 横断面调查。研究对象 中国地质大学（北京）2013级新生1795人。方法 对受试学生进行视力、眼球运动、电脑自动验光、眼前段、眼球生物测量及非散瞳眼底照相检查。并进行父母近视情况及学生学习与用眼情况问卷调查。近视的定义为等效球镜（SE）≤-0.5 D,高度近视的定义为SE ≤-6.0 D,超高度近视的定义为SE≤ -8.0 D。采用单因素方差分析及Logistic回归分析父母是否近视对大学新生近视患病率的影响。主要指标 近视患病率、近视程度构成比及OR值。结果  本组学生近视患病率为92.7%,其中≤-6.0 D和≤-8.0 D的近视患病率分别为21.9%和6.3%。双亲均近视、单亲近视、双亲均不近视的学生SE分别为（-5.23±2.93）D、（-4.43±2.50）D、（-3.41±2.30）D（P<0.001）,学生的近视患病率分别是91.6%、93.9%和95.3%（P=0.089）。高度近视的学生,父亲近视、母亲近视和双亲均近视与父母均不近视相比,OR值分别为2.162（95%CI 1.617-2.892）、2.289（95%CI 1.717-3.050）和2.490（95%CI 1.714-3.618）。超高度近视的学生,父亲近视、母亲近视和双亲均近视与双亲均不近视相比,OR值分别为4.169（95%CI 2.725-6.380）、4.221（95%CI 2.763-6.450）和7.052（95%CI 4.386-11.338）。结论 在高校新生中,双亲近视者更易患高度近视。双亲均无近视者,其近视程度较低。（眼科,2015,24： 36-39）     

老年性黄斑变性易感基因2单核苷酸多态性与息肉样脉络膜血管病变相关性的系统评价与meta分析

目的 探讨老年性黄斑变性易感基因2（ARMS2）A69S基因单核苷酸多态性与息肉样脉络膜血管病变（PCV）的相关性,分析PCV与渗出型老年性黄斑变性（wAMD）ARMS2碱基分布是否有差异。方法 系统评价与meta分析。以PCV、AMD、ARMS2、LOC387715、A69S、rs10490924、老年性黄斑变性、年龄相关性黄斑变性、息肉样脉络膜血管病变、单核苷酸多态性等中英文检索词,在美国国立医学图书馆Pubmed、荷兰医学文献Embase、Web of Science、中国知网和万方数据资源系统中检索文献。纳入病例对照研究,排除综述、病理报告及系统评价。当同一课题组发表多次数据,只纳入最新文献。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评价纳入文献质量。采用Rev Man 5.1.4软件进行碱基频率、基因型频率与表型相关性的统计学分析。结果 共纳入14篇文献。其中,PCV患者2007例,wAMD患者1308例,无PCV、wAMD的对照组受试者共3286人。PCV患者中变异基因型TT者罹患PCV的风险是野生型GG者的5.20倍［95%可信区间（CI）为3.90~6.95］;杂合基因型GT者罹患PCV的风险轻度升高,是野生型GG者的1.85倍（95% CI为1.42~2.40）。T碱基频率在wAMD组高于PCV组,合并比值比为1.60（95% CI为1.31~1.96）。结论 ARMS2 A69S是PCV的危险基因,基因型TT和GT均可使罹患PCV的风险增加,尤以纯合变异基因型TT风险更大。T碱基的存在使罹患wAMD的危险性略大于PCV。     

Does myopia decrease the risk of diabetic retinopathy in both type-1 and type-2 diabetes mellitus?

Purpose:To study the relationship between the severity of myopia and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods:This retrospective study was conducted using data from electronic medical records from a multicentric eyecare network located in various geographic regions of India. Individuals with type 1 or type 2 DM were classified according to their refractive status. Severe nonproliferative DR (NPDR), PDR, or presence of clinically significant macular edema (CSME) with any type of DR was considered as vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR).Results:A total of 472 individuals with type-1 DM (mean age 41 ± 10 years) and 9341 individuals with type-2 DM (52 ± 9 years) were enrolled. Individuals with a hyperopic refractive error had a significant positive association with the diagnosis of VTDR (odds ratio (OR) 1.26; 95%CI 1.04–1.51, P = 0.01) and moderate nonproliferative DR (OR 1.27; 95%CI 1.02–1.59, P = 0.03) in type-2 DM; however, no significant association was found in type-1 DM. After adjusting for age, gender, anisometropia, and duration of diabetes, the presence of high myopia (< - 6 D) reduced the risk of VTDR in type 2 DM (OR 0.18; 95% CI 0.04–0.77, P = 0.02), but no association was found in type 1 DM. Mild and moderate myopia had no significant association with any forms of DR in both type-1 and type-2 DM.Conclusion:Hyperopic refractive error was found to increase the risk of VTDR in persons with type 2 DM. High-myopic refractive error is protective for VTDR in type 2 DM, but not in type-1 DM.