早期乳腺癌保乳术后联合全乳腺放射治疗的疗效分析

目的评价早期乳腺癌保乳手术联合放射治疗的疗效及美容效果。方法对26例早期乳腺癌患者采取保乳手术加术后全乳腺放射治疗,并与19例同期早期乳腺癌行改良根治术加术后放射治疗的患者进行对比分析。结果所有的患者均完成治疗,均无切口感染、切口不愈合及放射性皮肤坏死等不良反应,均有不同程度的近期皮肤反应,但均没有明显纤维化。保乳组的3年、5年生存率分别为96.2%(25/26)、92.3%(24/26),与对照组的3年、5年生存率100.0%(19/19)、94.7%(18/19)相似。保乳组22例(84.6%)美容效果良好。结论乳腺癌保乳手术美容效果良好,放射治疗对乳房外形无明显影响,两者联合应用可显著提高乳腺癌患者的生活质量。     

Ipsilateral breast recurrence after breast conserving surgery in patients with small (≤2 cm) breast cancer treated with modern adjuvant therapies

Background

Modern multimodality treatment greatly influences the rate and the predictive factors for ipsilateral cancer recurrence (IBR) after breast conserving surgery.

Material and nethods

The study is based on 1297 patients with pT1 breast cancer and treated with breast conserving surgery in February 2001-August 2005. The median duration of follow-up was 57 months.

Results

IBR occurred in 27 (2.1%) patients. It was located in the quadrant of prior breast resection in 17 (63%) cases. The median time to an IBR was 41 months (range, 6-78) regardless of whether the recurrence was located in the same or in another quadrant. Omission of radiotherapy was associated with a higher IBR incidence, HR 10,344 (95% CI 1904-56,184; p = 0.007). The IBRs occurred particularly often, in 27% of the 11 patients who refused radiotherapy. Patients diagnosed with ER+ cancer had a lower risk of IBR when compared with those with ER−/HER2+ cancer, HR 0.215 (95% CI 0.049-0.935; p = 0.040).

Conclusions

The risk of IBR was low during the first 5 years after breast resection among patients with pT1 breast cancer and treated with modern surgical and adjuvant therapies. The majority IBRs still occur at or close to the prior resection site underlining the importance of local therapies. Omission of radiotherapy was the most significant risk factor for IBR.     

Survival disadvantage among Medicaid-insured breast cancer patients treated with breast conserving surgery without radiation therapy

Background Clinical studies indicate that breast cancer patients treated with breast conserving surgery (BCS) without radiotherapy (RT) have a greater risk of recurrence and mortality compared to those receiving BCS plus RT. However, this relationship has been underdeveloped among low-income women in the community who may face barriers in accessing adjuvant treatment and post-treatment surveillance. It is possible that the prognostic significance of omission of RT in clinical trials underestimates the significance of risk in the community. Methods Using cancer registry, Medicaid claims, and the Social Security Master Death File, we evaluated receipt of RT in women with early stage breast cancer treated with BCS and mean 6-year overall and cancer-specific survival. Logistic regression was used to assess correlates of RT. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to determine survival by RT status and a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the role of RT status on overall and cause-specific survival. Results A total of 65% of women received RT, and 82% of the sample survived the study period. Death rates of 16% and 51% were observed among those who did and did not receive RT, respectively (P < 0.001). One-third of women who died from cancer (8 of 24) received radiation. Use of RT was associated with a statistically significant decrease in all-cause (hazard ratio = 0.42, 95% CI 0.21–0.85) and cancer-specific mortality (hazard ratio = 0.22, 95% CI −0.09 to 0.57). Conclusions Adjuvant radiation following BCS was underused in this sample of poor breast cancer patients. Lack of adjuvant RT may be a proxy for inadequate access to care and poor cancer surveillance after treatment.     

新辅助化疗后保留乳房手术治疗进展期乳腺癌可行性分析

目的 对新辅助化疗后保留乳房手术治疗进展期乳腺癌行可行性分析。方法 收集2010年6月—2011年6月间进展期乳腺癌患者60例,根据患者意愿分为新辅助化疗后保乳手术组和改良根治术组,每组30例,分别给予新辅助化疗后保乳手术及改良根治手术,随访3年。比较两组的治疗效果,并分析两组乳腺癌循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)阳性情况,记录两组患者随访后期局部复发率、远处转移率、总生存率和无瘤生存率。结果 新辅助化疗后保乳手术组与改良根治术组相比,两组CTCs检出率没有统计学差异(P＞0.05),两组患者在临床完全缓解率、部分缓解率、疾病稳定率以及局部复发率、远处转移率、总生存率和无瘤生存率方面均无统计学差异(P＞0.05)。结论 对进展期乳腺癌患者应用新辅助化疗合并保乳手术治疗,能达到与改良根治术类似的治疗效果,可作为治疗进展期乳腺癌的一种选择。     

老年人早期乳腺癌保乳手术的临床研究

目的探讨保乳手术在老年人早期乳腺癌治疗中的临床应用。方法回顾性分析2002年1月至2007年12月间在克拉玛依市中心医院和新疆医科大学第二附属医院接受保乳手术的46例老年早期乳腺癌患者的临床资料。手术方式为乳腺部分切除加腋窝淋巴清扫,术后辅助放射治疗、化疗和（或）内分泌治疗。结果46例患者手术成功,术后无严重并发症,标本石蜡病理切片显示各切缘均无癌细胞残留,随访9～68个月,2例局部复发,均无远处转移。结论保乳手术创伤小、术后并发症少,是老年人早期乳腺癌安全有效的治疗方法。掌握适应证及禁忌证,以及规范化和个体化治疗是保乳手术成功的关键。     

新辅助化疗联合保乳术治疗乳腺癌的疗效观察

目的 探讨新辅助化疗联合保乳术治疗乳腺癌患者的临床疗效及患者雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)和人表皮生长因子受体-2(HER-2)水平变化情况.方法 选取2018年1月至2020年1月间武警河南总队医院收治的56例乳腺癌患者纳入研究对象,采用随机数表法将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组28例.观察组采用新辅助化疗联合...     

乳腺癌保乳术后1~3个腋窝淋巴结阳性者锁骨上淋巴结复发风险分析

目的 分析乳腺癌保乳术后1~3个腋窝淋巴结阳性患者锁骨上淋巴结复发率(SCFR)及高危因素。方法 回顾分析2001—2014年本院收治的保乳术+腋窝淋巴结清扫术后乳腺癌患者,病理证实1~3个腋窝淋巴结阳性,无内乳和锁骨上淋巴结转移或远处转移。256例均行全乳腺放疗,剂量46~50 Gy (2 Gy/次)或43.5 Gy (2.9 Gy/次),瘤床总剂量50~70 Gy。245例接受了辅助化疗,45例Her-2受体阳性者18例接受曲妥珠单抗治疗。Kaplan-Meier法计算同侧SCFR、LRR、DM及OS,并Logrank法检验。结果 随访时间满5年的样本量为101例。全组5年SCFR、LRR、DM、OS分别为2.1%、2.1%、5.0%、98.0%,2~3个腋窝淋巴结阳性(P= 0.010)、脉管瘤栓(P= 0.030)、LuminalB型(P= 0.006)为锁骨上淋巴结复发的高危因素。腋窝淋巴结阳性数为2~3个和1个者的5年SCFR分别为5.3%和2.8%(P=0.010);脉管瘤栓阳性和阴性的5年SCFR分别为5.3%和1.8%(P=0.030);Luminal B型、三阴性、Luminal A型和Her-2阳性型的5年SCFR分别为7.1%、3.2%、1.2%和0%(P=0.006)。有0、1、2~3个高危因素患者的5年SCFR分别为0%、3.0%、10.6%(P=0.000)。结论 在接受现代化疗前提下,乳腺癌保乳术后1~3个腋窝淋巴结阳性者SCFR较低,不需要全部行锁骨上区预防照射。有高危因素患者是否行预防性锁骨上区照射需进一步研究。     

Long-term quality of life and aesthetic outcomes after breast conserving surgery in patients with breast cancer

IntroductionBreast surgery has become less invasive without compromising survival and aimed at improving quality of life (QoL) in terms of satisfaction with cosmesis. Despite that, short-term patient-perceived aesthetic results after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) can still be displeasing. Long-term analysis regarding contentment with cosmesis are lacking and could be different, considering that over time, patients’ priorities might change and a different thought-out judgment could be given. The goal of this study is to describe long-term results in QoL after BCS and to identify possible predictors for disappointing aesthetic results.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, the long-term outcomes of QoL, patient-reported outcome measurements and aesthetic outcomes were investigated 4.5–10.8 years after BCS. In total, 104 patients received standardized questionnaires from the European Organisation of Research and Treatment of Cancer. The aesthetic results after BCS were evaluated subjectively through a diverse panel of healthcare observers. Objective assessment of the aesthetic results was done using the BCCT.core system of evaluating standardised breast photographs. Factors influencing aesthetic outcome were statistically analysed.ResultsQoL was high in around 75% of the patients. Correlation between QoL and aesthetic outcomes was found according to Spearman's correlation (r = 0.262, p = 0.007). Significant factors negatively influencing patient reported aesthetic outcomes were sentinel node procedure (p = 0.016), axillary lymph node dissection (p = 0.004), chemotherapy (p = 0.001), and hormonal therapy (p = 0.001).ConclusionThe majority of the patients have acceptable QoL after BCS during long-term follow-up. Unacceptable aesthetic outcomes after BCS are associated with lower QoL and are influenced by sentinel node procedure, axillary lymph node dissection, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy.     

早期乳腺癌保乳术后调强放疗

现行早期乳腺癌保乳术后的常规切线野放射治疗技术存在靶区内剂量不均匀的缺陷.国内外多位研究者将调强放疗(IMRT)应用于保乳术后患者,以期在提高靶区剂量均匀性、降低危及器官受量及改善美容效果方面体现出一定优势.     

腔镜辅助下乳腺癌保乳术结合新辅助化疗的临床疗效观察

目的探讨腔镜辅助下乳腺癌保乳术结合新辅助化疗治疗乳腺癌的临床疗效。方法将2010年3月至2012年10月间收治的90例早期乳腺癌患者分为试验组和对照组,每组45例。试验组患者采用保乳术结合新辅助化疗治疗,对照组采用传统根治术疗法,比较两组患者的临床疗效。结果试验组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间和并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腔镜辅助下保乳术结合新辅助化疗治疗乳腺癌临床疗效显著,值得临床进一步推广。     

早期乳腺癌保乳术后瘤床同步加量短疗程放疗临床观察

目的 探讨早期乳腺癌保乳术后瘤床同步加量短疗程放疗疗效、不良反应以及美容效果。方法 2008—2010年本院收治早期乳腺癌保乳术后患者 306例,其中 160例行常规分割放疗(常规组),两野切线全乳照射,后续瘤床电子线推量,总疗程 46~48 d;146例行短疗程放疗(短程组),两野切线全乳照射,同步瘤床电子线推量,总疗程 30~32 d。Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率和局部复发率并Logrank检验差异,χ²检验两组资料可比性、不良反应及美容效果。结果 中位随访时间26个月,随访率为100%。两组1、2、3年生存率均为100%,均无局部复发(χ²=0.00,P=1.000)。常规组与短程组1、2级急性皮肤反应发生率分别为46.9%与45.1%(χ²=0.73,P=0.695)、16.3%与13.7%(χ²=0.73,P=0.695),1级皮肤及皮下组织晚期反应发生率分别为16.9%与17.1%(χ²=0.00,P=0.954);1级中性粒细胞减少发生率分别为11.9%与13.7%(χ²=0.23,P=0.633);美容优良率分别为66.2%与65.5%(χ²=0.01,P=0.927)。结论 保乳术后全乳放疗同步瘤床加量的短疗程方案与常规放疗的疗效相似,美容效果相当且未加重皮肤反应,但还需进一步研究。     

Efficacy of 3D-MR mammography for breast conserving surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy

BACKGROUND: One of the main roles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer is to shrink large tumors to increase patient eligibility for breast conserving surgery. Three dimensional MR Mammography (3D-MRM) can detect tumor extension more accurately compared with mammography and Ultrasonography (US). Therefore, the shrinkage pattern observed on 3D-MRM was analyzed with regard to several pathological factors. METHODS: A total of 27 breast cancer cases were examined by 3D-MRM before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The volume reduction and shrinkage patterns were assessed and compared with the pathological diagnosis. RESULTS: There were two shrinkage patterns. Twelve of 25 evaluable breast cancers (48%) showed a concentric shrinkage pattern while 13 cases (52%) showed a dendritic shrinkage pattern. The cases with concentric shrinkage were good candidates for breast conserving surgery, But tumors showing dendritic shrinkage often had positive margins necessitating mastectomy. Pathologically, tumors with a papillotubular pattern, Estrogen receptor (ER) positivity, low nuclear grade and c-erbB 2 negativity tended to show dendritic shrinkage. CONCLUSIONS: 3D-MRM is a useful modality for evaluating whether breast conserving surgery can be safely done in the neoadjuvant setting.     

乳腺癌保乳手术治疗的临床研究

目的：总结保乳手术治疗早期乳腺癌临床经验及观察近期疗效。方法：2000年1月至2006年12月采用肿块局部广泛切除加腋淋巴结清扫或象限切除加腋淋巴结清扫治疗临床单发的、肿瘤直径小于3．0cm、无区域淋巴结转移的女性乳腺癌患者51例，手术切缘距瘤缘2．0cm～3．0cm，术后行辅助放疗、化疗及内分泌治疗。结果：全组随访3～84个月，局部无复发或远处转移。结论：早期乳腺癌病人接受保乳手术治疗可以取得满意的临床和美容效果。     

Importance of timing of radiotherapy in breast conserving treatment for early stage breast cancer

This study reports on the treatment results in 508 patients with 514 AJCC stage I–II invasive breast carcinomas treated between July 1980 and July 1989. All patients underwent a lumpectomy with axillary lymph node dissection with postoperative irradiation. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given to premenopausal node-positive patients. Postmenopausal node-positive patients received adjuvant hormonal treatment. The median follow-up period was 68 months (range, 40–152 months). The 5-year survival rates were 92.6%, 81.4% and 65.5% for stage I, stage IIA and stage IIB, respectively. Distant metastases were the main cause of death. Locoregional failures occurred in 4.9%. Breast recurrences were detected in 17 patients (3.3%). In a Cox proportional hazards analysis, T-stage, pathological margins and interval between surgery and radiotherapy were identified as independent factors predictive of breast recurrence (p < 0.05). The results suggest that radiotherapy should be initiated early after surgery to maintain the breast recurrence rate as low as possible.     

Resection margins and local recurrences in breast cancer: Comparison between conventional and oncoplastic breast conserving surgery

BackgroundThis retrospective cohort study aims to compare surgical margins, reoperations and local recurrences after conventional or oncoplastic breast conservation surgery (BCS). Furthermore, we aim to investigate differences between various oncoplastic techniques.Material and methodsWe reviewed 1800 consecutive patients with primary invasive breast cancer (N = 1707) or ductal carcinoma in situ (N = 93) who underwent BCS at Helsinki University Hospital between 2010 and 2012.ResultsConventional BCS was performed in 1189 (66.1%) patients, oncoplastic BCS in 611 (33.9%). Various oncoplastic techniques were used. Patients with oncoplastic BCS had more often multifocal (p < 0.001), larger (p < 0.001), palpable tumours (p < 0.001) with larger resection specimens (p < 0.001). The amount of resected tissue varied substantially depending on the oncoplastic technique. Patients treated with oncoplastic BCS were younger (p < 0.001) and their tumours were more aggressive according to histological grade (p < 0.001), T-stage (p < 0.001), Ki-67 (p < 0.001) and lymph node status (p < 0.001).There was no difference, however, in surgical margins (p = 0.578) or reoperation rates (p = 0.430) between the groups. A total of 152 (8.4%) patients were reoperated because of insufficient margins, 96 (8.1%) in the conventional, 56 (9.2%) in the oncoplastic BCS group.The median follow-up time was 75 (2–94) months. There was no difference in local recurrence-free survival between the conventional and oncoplastic BCS groups (log-rank test, p = 0.172).ConclusionsOncoplastic BCS was used for larger, multifocal and more aggressive tumours. Nevertheless, no difference in reoperation rate or local recurrences were found. Oncoplastic BCS is as safe as conventional BCS enabling breast conserving for patients who otherwise were candidates for mastectomy.     

胸外侧筋膜皮瓣填充乳腺癌保留乳房手术后组织缺损的临床应用研究

目的探讨乳腺癌保留乳房手术中利用胸外侧筋膜皮瓣填充组织缺损的效果和可行性。方法在乳腺癌保留乳房手术中,先行肿瘤扩大切除术,切缘距离瘤缘至少0.5cm,同时切除肿瘤表面受侵的皮肤,设计三角形胸外侧筋膜皮瓣用以填充组织缺损,并利用此皮瓣切口完成腋窝淋巴结切除。结果共完成7例,切除肿瘤的最大直径为5.5cm,切缘均无癌残留,有3例切除乳头、乳晕复合体。平均手术时间3h,平均出血量300ml。术后未发生皮瓣坏死等并发症。术后平均随访19.5个月,均未出现复发,美容效果均为优良,患者对乳房外形的自我感觉均为满意。结论在乳腺癌保留乳房手术中,利用胸外侧筋膜皮瓣填充组织缺损的效果满意,可以使一部分失去保留乳房手术机会的妇女接受保留乳房手术治疗。     

Overall survival in patients with a re-excision following breast conserving surgery compared to those without in a large population-based cohort

AimTo investigate the overall survival of invasive breast cancer patients with primary breast conserving surgery (BCS) followed by re-excision compared to those with primary BCS only. The Dutch re-excision indications are less stringent compared to other European and Northern American countries (Society of Surgical Oncology-American Society for Radiation Oncology (SSO/ASTRO) guideline).MethodsRetrospective analyses in women <75 years with breast cancer stage pT1–T3 treated by BCS and radiotherapy between 1999 and 2012 from a population-based database. The national guideline recommends to reserve re-excision for invasive tumours showing ‘more than focally positive’ margin since 2002. Patients were divided into ‘primary BCS only’, ‘re-excision by BCS’, and ‘re-excision by mastectomy’. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was adjusted for patient and systemic treatment characteristics.ResultsA total of 11,695 patients were included of which 2156 (18.4%) underwent re-excision. Median time of follow-up was 61 months (interquartile range (IQR) 26–101). The 5-year overall survival rates in the ‘primary BCS only’, ‘re-excision by BCS’ and ‘re-excision by mastectomy’ group were 92%, 95% and 91%, respectively. The 10-year overall survival rates were 81%, 82% and 79%, respectively (P = 0.20). After multivariable analyses no significant association was observed between use of and type of re-excision and overall survival.ConclusionsThe overall survival of breast cancer patients with a re-excision did not significantly differ from the survival of women who underwent primary BCS only. Advising re-excision only for those tumours showing ‘more than focally positive’ resection margin appears safe, supposing the long-term safety of the recent SSO/ASTRO guideline that more cautiously recommended re-excision for tumours showing ‘ink on tumour’.     

The impacts of breast conserving treatment and mastectomy on the quality of life in early-stage breast cancer patients

The quality of life (QOL) in 55 early-stage breast cancer patients after surgery was prospectively assessed using a newly developed Japanese QOL questionnaire: The QOL Questionnaire for Cancer Patients Treated with Anticancer Drugs (QOL-ACD). The impacts of breast conserving treatment (BCT) (22 cases) and modified radical mastectomy (MRM) (33 cases) on the QOL in those subjects were compared. The overall QOL scores were evaluated during four periods (before surgery, 0–2, 3–12, and 13–24 months after surgery). The mean scores of the four categories of the QOL-ACD (activity, physical condition, psychological condition, and social relationships) were also compared. The results demonstrated that a significant improvement was observed in the overall QOL scores among the three periods after surgery (0–2, 3–12, and 13–24 months) only in the BCT group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the overall QOL scores during any of the three periods after surgery, and the mean score of the ‘psychological condition’ during 0–2 months period in the BCT group was significantly lower than that in the MRM group (P< 0.05).     

整形保乳术与常规保乳术治疗早期乳腺癌的效果比较

目的:比较整形保乳术与常规保乳术在早期乳腺癌治疗中的应用效果。方法:将新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺外科2016年1月至2017年9月收治的66例早期乳腺癌患者纳入本次研究,按照随机双盲法将其分为两组,将采取整形保乳术治疗的33例患者设为研究组,将常规保乳术治疗的33例患者设为对照组,对比两组患者的乳房美容效果、手术情况、住院时间、肿瘤转移复发情况和并发症的发生率。结果:研究组患者乳房美容优良率（97.0%）明显高于对照组（78.8%）,手术时间明显长于对照组,术中出血量明显少于对照组,住院时间明显短于对照组,组间比较P＜0.05;两组患者肿瘤转移和复发比率、并发症发生率均无明显差异,组间比较P＞0.05。结论:整形保乳术与常规保乳术在治疗早期乳腺癌中均具有较好的疗效,且并发症发生率均较低,但整形保乳术的乳房美容效果更好,手术创伤更小,术后恢复更快,更值得在临床中推广应用。