近视性屈光参差性弱视患者视网膜黄斑中心凹及神经纤维层厚度的研究

背景弱视是一种从视网膜到视中枢的视觉传导系统及中枢全领域形态学及功能异常引起的临床表现,目前弱视眼的视网膜是否受累仍是争论的焦点。目的采用光学相干断层扫描（OCT）测量单眼近视性屈光参差性弱视患者的视网膜黄斑中心凹厚度及视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度,探讨单眼近视性屈光参差性弱视患者视网膜是否存在组织病理学改变。方法取近视性屈光参差性弱视患者22例44眼为弱视组;近视性屈光参差性弱视患者经治疗后视力达到正常者10例20眼为弱视治愈组;初诊为近视性屈光参差非弱视患者11例22眼为非弱视组。所有患者采用Model3000型OCT测量双眼视网膜黄斑中心凹厚度及视盘周围RNFL厚度,包括上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧和平均厚度。采用配对t检验对各组受试者双眼间视网膜厚度的差异进行比较,用多元线性回归方法分析黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度及RNFL厚度与弱视眼眼轴长度、屈光度和年龄的关系。结果弱视组患者中弱视眼黄斑中心凹厚度明显比对侧眼增厚,差异有统计学意义（P=0．001）;弱视治愈组原弱视眼与对侧眼之间视网膜厚度的差异无统计学意义（P=0．778）,非弱视组高度数近视眼与低度数近视眼之间视网膜厚度的差异无统计学意义（P=0．943）;弱视组弱视眼颞侧RNFL厚度明显比对侧眼增厚,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）,弱视治愈组原弱视眼颞侧RNFL厚度比对侧眼厚,差异有统计学意义（P=0．003）,非弱视组高度数眼颞侧RNFL厚度比低度数眼厚,差异有统计学意义（P=0．046）,各组双眼视网膜上方、下方、颞侧及平均RNFL厚度的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。年龄与视盘下方RNFL厚度间呈负相关关系（r=-0．559,P=0．016）,其余各参数之间均无明显相关（P〉0．05）。结论近视性屈光参差性弱视患者的黄斑中心凹视网膜较正常眼增厚,而RNFL厚度与一般近视眼无明显差别;弱视的改善伴随着黄斑中心凹厚度的减小。     

先天性白内障致形觉剥夺性弱视眼视网膜神经纤维层厚度分析

目的通过研究先天性白内障致形觉剥夺性弱视眼视网膜光学相干断层扫描(OCT)各项指标的变化,旨在探讨儿童先天性白内障致形觉剥夺性弱视眼的视网膜结构的变化特征。方法 82例(142只眼)先天性白内障致形觉剥夺性弱视患儿分为2组:A组为眼轴22.01～24.00mm者,共97只眼;B组为眼轴24.01～29.00mm者,共45只眼。18例(36只眼)正常儿童为C组即对照组。对3组行视网膜OCT检查,记录黄斑中心凹中心视网膜厚度和视盘上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧及平均视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度,并进行比较。结果 (1)弱视眼黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度较对照组明显变薄,P<0.05;并且随着眼轴的增长,弱视眼黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度逐渐变薄,P<0.05。(2)B组弱视眼视盘周围平均RNFL厚度及上方、下方、鼻侧RNFL厚度均较C组薄,P<0.05;B组视盘颞侧RNFL厚度及A组各相应部位均与C组无显著性差别,P>0.05;B组鼻侧及平均RNFL厚度较A组薄,P<0.05。结论先天性白内障致形觉剥夺性弱视眼儿童的视网膜结构存在异常。     

高度近视性弱视儿童视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度分析

目的：分析高度近视性弱视儿童视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度特点,并探讨与眼轴、年龄的关系。
　　方法：选择收集2014-01/07间在我院眼科门诊就诊的儿童35例59眼,平均年龄9.59±2.90岁,所有受检眼排除眼底的疾病和眼前节的病变。根据扩瞳验光的结果,分成高度近视性弱视组(22眼)、高度近视组(15眼)、正视眼组(22眼),运用频域OCT对视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层进行检测,通过A超测量出所有受检者眼轴长度。对各组视盘周围各方位视网膜神经纤维层厚度进行比较分析,探讨视盘周围各方位视网膜神经纤维层与眼轴、年龄的关系。
　　结果：高度近视性弱视组视盘颞侧RNFL厚度薄于高度
　　近视组,厚于正视眼组;视盘鼻侧、上方、下方、周围平均RNFL厚度与高度近视组、正视眼组相比均最薄,其中视盘下方及周围平均RNFL厚度与高度近视组相比变薄,有统计学差异(P<0.05),视盘鼻侧、上方、下方、周围平均RNFL厚度与正视眼组相比明显变薄,有统计学差异( P<0.01)。高度近视组视盘颞侧RNFL厚度与正视眼组相比明显增厚,视盘鼻侧、上方、下方、周围平均RNFL厚度与正视眼组相比均明显变薄,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。高度近视性弱视组视盘下方RNFL厚度与眼轴呈负相关性( R=0.474, R2=0.225, F=4.933, P=0.040)。高度近视组视盘上方RNFL厚度与眼轴呈负相关性(R=0.642, R2=0.412,F=9.104,P=0.010)。高度近视性弱视组、高度近视组、正视眼组各方位RNFL厚度与年龄均无明显相关性。
　　结论：高度近视性弱视儿童视网膜结构存在异常。     

不同程度近视患者视网膜神经纤维层厚度和神经节细胞复合体参数的变化

目的:比较低度、中度和高度近视非青光眼受试者通过光谱域光学相干断层扫描技术(SD-OCT)测量的视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)和黄斑神经节细胞复合体(GCC)参数的变化。方法:选择2019-12/2022-11期间在我院就诊的近视受试者400例400眼参与本研究,根据受试者近视程度分为：低度近视组(142例142眼,35.5%)、中度近视组(139例139眼,34.8%)和高度近视组(119例119眼,29.8%)。测量RNFL厚度,包括均值、上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧RNFL厚度。测量GCC参数,包括均值、上方、颞上方、下方、颞下方、鼻上方、鼻下方。评估OCT测量的RNFL厚度、GCC参数均值与眼轴长度之间的相关性。结果:低度近视组和中度近视组的上方、下方、鼻侧、平均RNFL厚度明显高于高度近视组,颞侧RNFL厚度明显低于高度近视组(均P<0.05);低度近视组和中度近视组的上方、颞上方、下方、颞下方、鼻上方、鼻下方、平均GCC厚度明显高于高度近视组(均P<0.05);在中度近视组中,RNFL和GCC厚度均值与眼轴长度均呈负相关(r=-0.387、-0.309,均P<0....     

高度近视眼黄斑区视网膜厚度的相关因素分析

目的：探讨黄斑区视网膜厚度与屈光度、主导眼、眼轴长度的关系。 方法：入选高度近视组患者128例180眼,其中主导眼79眼,非主导眼101眼,应用OCT测量黄斑区及周围视网膜厚度及应用A超测量眼轴长度,另设正视眼组112人180眼,其中主导眼106眼,非主导眼74眼作为对照,获得数据进行统计学分析。 结果：高度近视患者的平均眼轴长度29.57依1.57 mm与正常组患者的平均眼轴长度（24.13依0.90mm）相比显著延长（P〈0.05）。眼轴长度与黄斑中心凹内环区（距黄斑中心凹1～3mm区）上方（ S1）、下方（ I1）、颞侧（ T1）及黄斑中心凹外环区（距黄斑中心凹3～6mm区）上方（ S2）、下方（I2）、鼻侧（N2）、颞侧（T2）视网膜厚度存在相关性,与黄斑中心区及黄斑中心凹内环区鼻侧（ N1）视网膜厚度无相关性。高度近视眼组黄斑中心区及各个分区均较正视眼组明显变薄（P〈0.05）。高度近视主导眼与非主导眼黄斑区视网膜厚度相比,无统计学意义（ P〉0.05）。 结论：高度近视患者黄斑区视网膜厚度OCT的检测值低于正视眼组。高度近视组眼轴长度与黄斑区上方（ S1）、下方（I1）、颞侧（T1）、上方（S2）、下方（I2）、鼻侧（N2）、颞侧（ T2）视网膜厚度存在负相关关系。高度近视眼中主导眼黄斑区视网膜厚度与非主导眼黄斑区视网膜厚度无差异性。     

OCT对难治性弱视眼黄斑及视盘视网膜厚度分区测定的分析

目的：运用光学相干断层成像技术(optical coherence tomography, OCT)对儿童难治性弱视眼的视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)及黄斑区视网膜神经上皮层的厚度进行测量,以了解难治性弱视视网膜形态学及其变化的规律,从而推断难治性弱视患儿外周发病机制。

方法：选择难治性弱视眼(A组)、非难治性弱视眼(B组)以及正常儿童眼(C组)各30眼,分别测量黄斑中心凹、中心区(直径范围≤1mm)及旁中心区(1mm<直径范围≤3mm环形区域)鼻、下、颞、上方的视网膜平均厚度值; 同时以视盘为中心,对直径在3.4mm内的RNFL进行环形断层扫描,测量鼻、下、颞、上方的RNFL平均厚度值,比较不同组不同区域视网膜厚度之间的差别。

结果：三组均发现：旁中心凹上方的视网膜神经上皮层最厚,下方与鼻侧次之,而颞侧最薄; 黄斑中心凹以及黄斑中心区(1mm)处视网膜厚度比较发现：A组比B组厚、A组比C组厚,以及B组比C组厚,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05); 黄斑旁中心区鼻、上、颞、下方各象限平均视网膜厚度比较发现：A组与B组、A组与C组,以及B组与C组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。C组上方的RNFL最厚,其次为下方,再者为颞侧,鼻侧为最薄,但A组以及B组的上方和下方的RNFL厚度相差不大,而鼻侧和颞侧的RNFL厚度也相差不大但均要薄于上方和下方。而A组鼻侧和下方的RNFL比C组显著增厚,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),颞侧和上方的RNFL厚度与C组相比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且虽然其平均RNFL厚度比C组厚,但差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05); 而A组和B组的上、下、鼻、颞侧以及平均厚度均相似,差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：黄斑中心凹以及中心区的发育异常,可能是难治性弱视的发病原因之一,而黄斑旁中心凹及以外的视网膜以及视盘周围RNFL并未受累,这说明这些区域可能没有参与弱视的发生。     

远视性弱视儿童视网膜神经纤维层厚度分析

目的研究远视性弱视儿童视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度和黄斑中心凹厚度的变化,并与单眼弱视儿童对侧正常眼的检查结果进行比较。方法对32例（41只眼）远视性弱视儿童和18例（18只眼）单眼弱视儿童对侧正常眼进行光学相干断层扫描（OCT）检查,记录视盘周围RNFL的平均厚度和黄斑中心凹的视网膜厚度。结果远视性弱视组和对照组视盘周围RNFL的平均厚度分别为118.77±11.43μm和109.12±11.09μm,两者相比,差异有统计学意义;远视性弱视组和对照组黄斑中心凹处视网膜厚度分别为155.98±29.30μm和147.28±13.11μm,两组之间无明显差异（P=0.121）。将弱视分组发现,轻度弱视组和中度弱视组的视盘周围RNFL的平均厚度分别为118.42±10.95μm和119.12±12.19μm,,黄斑中心凹处视网膜厚度分别为154.29±34.23μm和157.75±23.81μm。两者分别与对照组比较,视盘周围RNFL厚度差异有统计学意义;黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度差异无统计学意义（P=0.777,0.629）。结论远视性弱视儿童视盘周围RNFL变厚,而黄斑视网膜厚度无明显变化。     

屈光参差性弱视儿童视网膜光学相干断层成像研究

目的：应用视网膜光学相干断层成像方法（OCT）研究屈光参差性弱视儿童视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）和黄斑中心凹厚度,探讨弱视的发病机制。方法对屈光参差性单眼弱视儿童38例进行OCT检查,据弱视眼屈光状态分为远视散光弱视组18例,单纯远视弱视组20例,对侧健眼为正常对照组。分析比较三组视盘周围RNFL厚度和黄斑中心凹厚度的差异。结果远视散光弱视组、单纯远视弱视组和正常对照组视盘周围RNFL厚度分别为115.77±13.42μm、111.34±10.30μm 和103.05±11.10μm,黄斑中心凹厚度分别为198.86±28.30μm、191.98±27.81μm,181.18±29.06μm。两弱视组分别与正常对照组、两弱视组组间比较视盘周围RNFL厚度及黄斑中心凹厚度,差异均有统计学意义,P＜0.05。结论屈光参差性弱视其弱视眼视盘周围RNFL厚度及黄斑中心凹厚度较对侧正常眼增厚,且远视散光弱视眼厚于单纯远视弱视眼。     

高度近视性弱视儿童视网膜厚度及其影响因素分析

目的：研究高度近视性弱视儿童视网膜厚度变化,并探讨中心凹下视网膜厚度与眼轴、年龄的关系。
　　方法：儿童39例65眼,平均年龄9．913．41岁,所有受检眼排除眼底的疾病和眼前节的病变。根据阿托品扩瞳验光的结果,分成高度近视性弱视组（24眼）、高度近视组（19眼）、正视眼组（22眼）,运用海德堡OCT对中心凹下视网膜厚度及距中心凹0．5,1．0,1．5,2．0,2．5,3．0mm处上方（ S,12∶00位）、颞侧（ T,9∶00位）、下方（ I,6∶00位）、鼻侧（ N,3∶00位）的视网膜厚度进行测量,并通过A超测量出所有受检者眼轴长度。对各组间同一位点的视网膜厚度进行比较,分析中心凹下视网膜厚度与眼轴、年龄的关系。
　　结果：高度近视性弱视组中心凹下视网膜厚度薄于高度近视组,厚于正视眼组,但均无统计学差异（ P＞0．05）。其中距中心凹0．5 mm处颞侧及下方视网膜厚度、距中心凹1．0 mm处颞侧及上方视网膜厚度,高度近视性弱视组与正视眼组相比均变薄,并有统计学差异（P＜0．05）,距中心凹1．5,2．0,2．5,3．0mm处鼻、上、颞、下视网膜厚度,高度近视性弱视组与高度近视组、正视眼组相比均变薄,有统计学差异（P＜0．05）。高度近视性弱视组中心凹下视网膜厚度与眼轴、年龄之间无明显相关性。
　　结论：高度近视性弱视儿童黄斑区视网膜结构存在异常。     

不同注视性质的远视性弱视儿童黄斑区视网膜厚度分析

目的:通过对4~8岁远视性屈光不正性弱视患儿注视性质、黄斑各分区视网膜厚度的测量、眼轴长度的检查,探讨远视性弱视儿童注视性质与其黄斑各分区视网膜厚度间的相关性;并进行远视性弱视儿童视网膜厚度及其相关因素的研究。方法:前瞻性非随机同期对照研究试验。将2018-09/12首次就诊且之前未进行过任何弱视训练的患儿共计44例57眼纳入该研究。选取屈光不正性远视性弱视儿童36眼作为远视性弱视组,视力正常儿童21眼作为正常对照组,两组均利用光学相干断层扫描技术(OCT)进行黄斑各分区视网膜厚度测量;同时将入组患儿在直接眼底镜检查下分为黄斑中心注视组32眼,旁中心注视组25眼,进行黄斑各分区视网膜厚度测量;用SPSS19.0统计软件分别分析两组间视网膜厚度及差异。结果:黄斑中心注视组在黄斑中心凹、黄斑内环鼻侧处视网膜厚度均小于旁中心注视组(P<0.05);而两组间余黄斑各分区视网膜厚度对比均无差异(P>0.05)。远视性弱视组的黄斑中心凹、黄斑内环鼻侧、黄斑内环下方及黄斑外环上方处视网膜厚度均大于正常对照组(P<0.05);而两组黄斑区内环颞侧、上方、外环鼻侧、外环颞侧、外环下方处视网膜厚度比较均无差异(P>0.05)。远视性弱视组眼轴长度较正常对照组短(P<0.05)。结论:黄斑中心注视儿童在黄斑区中心凹、内环鼻侧处视网膜厚度增加;远视性弱视儿童在黄斑区中心凹、内环鼻侧、内环下方、外环上方处视网膜厚度增加;远视性弱视儿童眼轴长度变短。     

不同程度近视患者视网膜神经纤维层厚度、黄斑外环区视网膜厚度观察

目的　观察不同程度近视患者视盘旁视网膜神经纤维层（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｎｅｒｖｅｆｉｂｅｒｌａｙ-ｅｒ,ＲＮＦＬ）厚度、黄斑外环区视网膜厚度变化,并分析其特点。方法　参与检测的受检者共２０９例３９９眼分４组,分别为中低度近视组５２例（９８眼）、高度近视组４７例（９１眼）、高度近视青光眼组５７例（１０４眼）及５３人（１０６眼）健康志愿者为正常对照组。采用光学相干断层扫描仪测量视盘旁上方、颞侧、下方、鼻侧四个象限的ＲＮＦＬ厚度,视盘周围全周ＲＮ-ＦＬ厚度,黄斑外环区四个象限的视网膜厚度。采用Ｐｅａｒｓｏｎ相关分析法分析近视患者屈光度数与ＲＮＦＬ厚度及黄斑外环区视网膜厚度的相关性。结果　各组视盘旁ＲＮＦＬ厚度以上象限和下象限较厚,其次为颞侧象限,而鼻侧象限最薄。正常对照组与中低度近视组各象限ＲＮＦＬ厚度比较差异无统计学意义（Ｆ＝１．７３２,Ｐ＞０．０５）,其余各近视眼组患眼各象限ＲＮＦＬ厚度均有差异（Ｆ＝３６１．７１、４７８．９２、３９５．１６,均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。近视患者屈光度数与上、下、鼻侧ＲＮＦＬ厚度呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．２７９、－０．３１９、－０．２１３,均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,与颞侧象限ＲＮＦＬ厚度呈正相关（ｒ＝０．３２６,Ｐ＜０．０５）。高度近视青光眼组与高度近视眼组之间比较黄斑外环区颞侧、上方视网膜厚度减少,差异有统计学意义（Ｆ＝４７５．１２,Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　光学相干断层扫描能够检测高度近视青光眼的ＲＮＦＬ厚度及黄斑外环区厚度的变化,为青光眼的早期诊断提供了一定的帮助。     

Retinal nerve fiber layer measurements in myopia: An optical coherence tomography study

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the axial length/refractive error of the eye. METHODS: A total of 115 eyes of 115 healthy subjects, comprising 75 eyes with high myopia (spherical equivalent [SE] < -6.0 D) and 40 eyes with low to moderate myopia (SE between -6.0 D and -0.5D), were analyzed in this cross-sectional study. Total average and mean clock hour RNFL thicknesses were measured by OCT and compared between the two myopia groups. Associations between RNFL measurements and axial length and spherical equivalent were evaluated by linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The RNFL measurements were significantly lower in the high myopia group compared with those of the low-to-moderate myopia group at 12, 1, and 7 o'clock (right eye orientation). Apart from the temporal clock hours, significant correlations were evident between RNFL measurements and the axial length and spherical equivalent. The average RNFL thickness decreased with increasing axial length (r = -0.314, P = 0.001) and negative refractive power (r = 0.291, P = 0.002). A significant proportion of myopic eyes were classified as outside normal limits, with reference to the normative database. The most frequently abnormal sector was at 2 o'clock, where 16.5% of myopic eyes were outside normal limits. CONCLUSIONS: RNFL measurements vary with the axial length/refractive error of the eye. Analysis of RNFL thickness in the evaluation of glaucoma should always be interpreted with reference to the refractive status. Although the normative database provided by OCT has been helpful in identifying ocular diseases involving the RNFL, it may not be reliable in the analysis of myopic eyes.     

【In Press】 Comparison of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness between myopia severity groups and controls

AIM: To compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measured via optical coherence tomography (OCT) between different groups of myopia severity and controls. METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent a full ophthalmic examination, refraction, visual field analysis and A-scan biometry. Myopic patients were classified as low myopia [spherical equivalent (SE) from greater than -0.5 D, up to -3.0 D], moderate myopia (SE greater than -3.0 D, up to -6.0 D) and high myopia (SE greater than -6.0 D). The control group was emmetropia, defined as a SE from +0.5 D to -0.5D. A Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT machine was used to measure the peripapillary RNFL thickness of both eyes of each subject. The mean peripapillary RNFL thickness between groups was compared using both analysis of variance and analysis of covariance. RESULTS: A total of 403 eyes of 403 subjects were included in this study. The mean age was 31.48±10.23. There were 180 (44.7%) eyes with emmetropia, 124 (30.8%) with low myopia, 73 (18.1%) with moderate myopia and 26 (6.5%) with high myopia. All groups of myopia severity had a thinner average RNFL than the emmetropia group, but after controlling for gender, age, and axial eye length, only the high myopia group differed significantly from the emmetropia group (P=0.017). Likewise, the superior, inferior and nasal RNFL was thinner in all myopia groups compared to controls, but after controlling for confounders, only the inferior quadrant RNFL was significantly thinner in the high myopia group, when compared to the emmetropia group (P=0.017). CONCLUSION: The average and inferior quadrant RNFL is thinner in highly myopic eyes compared to emmetropic eyes. Refractive status must be taken into consideration when interpreting the OCT of myopic patients, as RNFL thickness varies with the degree of myopia.     

Comparison of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness between myopia severity groups and controls

AIM: To compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measured via optical coherence tomography (OCT) between different groups of myopia severity and controls. METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent a full ophthalmic examination, refraction, visual field analysis and A-scan biometry. Myopic patients were classified as low myopia (LM) [spherical equivalent (SE) from greater than -0.5 D, up to -3.0 D], moderate myopia (MM; SE greater than -3.0 D, up to -6.0 D) and high myopia (HM; SE greater than -6.0 D). The control group consisted of emmetropic (EM) patients (SE from +0.5 D to -0.5 D). A Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT machine was used to measure the peripapillary RNFL thickness of both eyes of each subject. The mean peripapillary RNFL thickness between groups was compared using both analysis of variance and analysis of covariance. RESULTS: A total of 403 eyes of 403 subjects were included in this study. The mean age was 31.48±10.23y. There were 180 (44.7%) eyes with EM, 124 (30.8%) with LM, 73 (18.1%) with MM and 26 (6.5%) with HM. All groups of myopia severity had a thinner average RNFL than the EM group, but after controlling for gender, age, and axial eye length, only the HM group differed significantly from the EM group (P=0.017). Likewise, the superior, inferior and nasal RNFL was thinner in all myopia groups compared to controls, but after controlling for confounders, only the inferior quadrant RNFL was significantly thinner in the HM group, when compared to the EM group (P=0.017). CONCLUSION: The average and inferior quadrant RNFL is thinner in highly myopic eyes compared to emmetropic eyes. Refractive status must be taken into consideration when interpreting the OCT of myopic patients, as RNFL thickness varies with the degree of myopia.     

Evaluation of the Ganglion Cell Complex and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Low,Moderate, and High Myopia: A Study by RTVue Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Purpose: To assess the effect of low, moderate, and high myopia on the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and Ganglion cell complex (GCC) measured by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) in non-glaucomatous subjects. Methods: The subjects were divided into three groups: low (n = 81, 35.6%), moderate (n = 79, 34.8%), and highly myopic eyes (n = 67, 29.5%). The RNFL thickness profile, including the average, superior, nasal, inferior, and temporal quadrant and each of the eight directional thicknesses, was measured. GCC parameters, including the average, superior, and inferior values, the focal loss volume (FLV), and the global loss volume (GLV), were measured. The correlation between the OCT measurements and the axial length was evaluated. Results: The average, superior, inferior, and nasal RNFL thicknesses of low and moderate myopic eyes were found to be significantly higher than those of highly myopic eyes. The temporal RNFL thicknesses were not different among the three groups. The average, superior, and inferior ganglion cell complex values of low and moderate myopic eyes were significantly higher than those of highly myopic eyes. The FLV and GLV of low and moderate myopic eyes were significantly higher than those of highly myopic eyes (p = 0.001 for all). In the moderate and high myopia groups, the average RNFL thickness and GCC thickness were both negatively correlated with the axial length. Conclusion: Highly myopic subjects tend to have thinner RNFL and GCC thicknesses than subjects with low and moderate myopia.     

近视眼视网膜神经纤维层厚度光学相干断层扫描特点

目的:探讨人视网膜神经纤维层(retinal nerve fiber layer,RNFL)厚度随近视眼屈光度及眼轴变化而变化的特点。方法:将近视眼60例108眼分为低、中、高度近视组和正常对照组25例32眼,应用光学相干断层扫描仪(OCT)进行以视盘为中心,直径3.46mm圆周的RNFL厚度测量,研究近视眼平均RNFL厚度与屈光度及眼轴长度的相关性,并计算各组平均RNFL厚度及上、下、鼻、颞4个象限的RNFL厚度,分别比较各近视组与正常组RNFL的差别。结果:近视眼平均RNFL厚度与屈光度呈负相关(r=-0.535,P<0.05),与眼轴成负相关(r=-0.693,P<0.01)。分区分析低度近视组、中度近视组、高度近视组平均RNFL厚度变薄与正常对照组相比有显著统计学差异(P<0.01),近视眼各象限RNFL厚度最早变薄的是鼻侧象限,低度近视组即与正常人有统计学差异(P<0.05),高度近视组上、下、鼻象限RNFL厚度均明显变薄(P<0.01)与正常人相比有显著统计学差异,颞侧象限RNFL反而增厚,但与正常人无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:近视眼视网膜神经纤维层厚度随眼轴长度及眼屈光度的增加而减少,分区分析上、下、鼻象限变化与平均相一致,而颞侧增厚,这可能是近视眼RNFL的特点,这些特点对临床疾病的诊断具有指导意义,特别是出现异常数值时,要考虑屈光度及眼轴的影响,综合评价临床意义。     

合并高度近视的原发性开角型青光眼视野分析(英文)

目的:探讨合并高度近视和非高度近视的原发性开角型青光眼早期视野改变特点及其与视网膜神经纤维层缺损的关系。方法:利用Humphrey750型计算机自动视野计对17例(21眼)合并高度近视的POAG和16例(17眼)非高度近视的POAG及20例(25眼)单纯高度近视以及17例(19眼)正常组进行静态中心阈值视野检查,利用OCT进行视盘周围RNFL厚度检查。比较正常组、合并高度近视POAG组、非高度近视POAG组、单纯高度近视组视野缺损的总偏差概率图;比较正常组、合并高度近视的POAG组、非高度近视的POAG组以及单纯高度近视组的MD值、PSD值、上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧平均光敏感度;比较正常组、合并高度近视的POAG组、非高度近视的POAG组以及单纯高度近视组的平均、上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧RNFL厚度;分别分析合并高度近视的POAG组、非高度近视的POAG组以及单纯高度近视组各组内上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧各象限RNFL厚度与视野对应部位的缺损之间的关系以及各组视野特点。结果:合并高度近视的早期POAG患者在总偏差概率图中多表现为普遍敏感性降低,而在模式偏差概率图则更多表现出POAG早期视野缺损;平均缺损值显著高于其它各组。合并高度近视的POAG患者无论平均光敏感度还是MD、PSD值均与其他三组有显著差异(P<0.05);单纯高度近视组与非高度近视的POAG组的各象限平均光敏感度的差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。合并高度近视的POAG组较非高度近视的POAG组以及单纯高度近视组RNFL厚度明显变薄;此三组较正常组RNFL厚度变薄;单纯高度近视组与非高度近视的POAG组的平均RNFL厚度及各象限RNFL厚度的差异均有显著性(P<0.05);各组四个象限RNFL厚度与视野对应部位的缺损相关。结论:在进行合并高度近视的POAG视野结果判定时要依靠模式偏差概率图,其特点是伴有生理盲点扩大和外移。OCT能够反映合并高度近视的POAG的RNFL厚度的改变,及RNFL厚度与视野缺损的相关性有助于在合并高度近视POAG中的临床诊断。