主动脉内球囊反搏术在急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克患者冠状动脉介入术中的疗效评估

目的评价急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克患者行急诊介入治疗时常规主动脉内球囊反搏术（IABP）的可行性及有效性。方法41例在IABP支持下行急诊介入治疗的合并心源性休克的急性心肌梗死患者为治疗组,将同期行急诊介入治疗但没有行IABP支持的合并心源性休克的急性心肌梗死患者47例设为对照组 比较两组术后2周、3个月的左室功能,评价2组术后30天以及3个月的MACE事件发生率。结果IABP组患者术后2周、3个月的左室功能较对照组明显改善（43.8%±8.2%比39.4%±5.9%,45.5%±6.6%比40.6%±4.6%,P均〈0.05） 两组患者术后30天（16/41比30/47）、3个月（18/41比33/47）的MACE事件差异也有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）,其中IABP组在降低术后30天、3个月的死亡率方面尤为明显（30天16/41比对照组30/47,3个月18/41比对照组33/47,P均〈0.05）。结论对合并心源性休克的急性心肌梗死患者行急诊PCI同时采用IABP支持治疗能有效改善左室功能和减少主要心血管不良事件的发生率。     

主动脉内球囊反搏在急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克治疗中的应用

目的评价主动脉球囊反搏术(IABP)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)合并心源性休克治疗中的应用价值。方法选取AMI合并心源性休克患者65例,其中IABP组30例,在IABP支持下行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI),对照组35例,单纯行急诊PCI治疗。结果IABP组患者在IABP支持下,30 min后血流动力学指标改善,2~8 h血流动力学稳定,均完成梗死相关血管再通,没有血管再闭塞事件发生,无术中死亡,院内死亡率40%;对照组患者院内死亡率74.3%,其中6例在术中死亡。结论IABP可明显改善AMI合并心源性休克患者的血流动力学指标,增加冠状动脉的灌注;IABP可提高急诊PCI的成功率,减少术后低心排综合征及血管再闭塞事件的发生,降低院内死亡率,明显改善了AMI合并心源性休克患者的预后。     

IABP治疗急性心肌梗死并发心源性休克的临床护理

目的总结分析16例急性心肌梗死并发心源性休克患者进行主动脉球囊反搏术(intra-aorticballoonpumping,IABP)的治疗效果及其护理经验。方法选择我院16例急性心肌梗死并发心源性休克的患者,在应用主动脉球囊反搏术前、术后的观察对比。结果在IABP循环支持治疗后,患者的收缩压、舒张压血氧饱和度、心功能明显提高,心率下降,尿量增加。结论对急性心肌梗死并发心源性休克患者实施主动脉球囊反搏术治疗,具有良好的近期疗效。积极的预防治疗护理措施则能减少并发症,降低病死率。     

主动脉内球囊反搏辅助治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的临床分析

目的分析主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)辅助治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的临床疗效。方法选择急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的老年患者50例,观察置入IABP前后患者血流动力学变化、心功能、IABP并发症及预后情况。结果与IABP置入前比较,患者置入IABP后平均动脉压、心率、LVEF及心功能指标均得到不同程度的改善,无严重并发症出现,预后良好。结论 IABP辅助治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克可能有效安全。     

应用IABP治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的团队护理模式的构建

目的探讨主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的团队护理模式的方法及效果。方法选择北京协和医院心内科于2017年1月至2018年1月行IABP治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的患者50例为研究对象。随机分为对照组与观察组两组,每组各25例,对照组采用常规心内科护理模式,观察组实行团队护理模式,对两组患者的护理疗效进行比较分析。结果观察组患者满意度明显高于对照组(P0.05),观察组患者并发症发病率明显低于对照组(P0.05),观察组患者的护理质量评分、收缩压与舒张压水平明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论应用IABP治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的团队护理模式,可有效改善患者症状及预后,提高患者及家属的护理满意度,值得临床推广应用。     

主动脉球囊反搏术在急性心肌梗死合并心脏性休克行冠状动脉支架置入术中的应用

目的探讨主动脉球囊反搏术(IABP)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)合并心源性休克行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中的应用。方法回顾性分析了72例 AMI 合并心源性休克患者,其中38例在 IABP 辅助支持下行 PCI 术,34例直接行 PCI 术,监测平均动脉压(MBP),心脏指数(CI),同时在入院时 PCI 术前及术后出院前分别测定左心室射血分数(LVEF),左心室收缩未容积(LVESV)、左心室舒张未容积(LVEDV)。结果 IABP 辅助下行 PCI 组较直接 PCI 组 LVEF 有明显改善(P<0.05)。结论对 AMI 合并心源性休克患者,早期及时行 IABP 辅助支持下PCI 术,可以明显改善患者预后。     

急诊PCI和主动脉球囊反搏治疗AMI合并心源性休克的临床疗效

目的　观察急性心肌梗死(AMI)合并心源性休克行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)和主动脉球囊反搏(IABP)患者的疗效及对心功能的影响。方法　6例诊断AMI合并心源性休克患者行急诊PCI及IABP辅助治疗,术后4周内进行心脏彩超检查,评估梗死区的心肌收缩功能和左室射血分数。结果　6例患者中6支梗死相关动脉全部再通,共植入支架8枚。无致命性并发症出现(急性心肌梗死、急诊冠脉旁路移植术及术中死亡等)。IABP维持时间4～1 3d,平均(6. 7±1 . 2 )d,术后心脏彩超检查6例患者都有心肌节段性运动异常,1例心尖区室壁瘤形成,左室射血分数为0 .47±0 . 1 1 (0 . 3 5～0 . 5 8)。随访3个月,无死亡、靶病变血管重建治疗、血栓形成或心肌梗死。结论　急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的患者行急诊PCI及IABP治疗,在短时间内改善心源性休克的血流动力学异常,能有效地恢复梗死区心肌早期再灌注,缩小梗死面积,降低死亡率。     

主动脉内球囊反搏术治疗心源性休克

目的 回顾性分析主动脉球囊反搏(intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation,IABP)治疗心源性休克的疗效.方法 IABP治疗心源性休克38例,其中急性心肌梗死34例,病毒性心肌炎4例.利用无创血流动力学监测系统(Bioz.com)连续监测患者IABP术前和术后的血流动力学改变.结果 患者心率、平均动脉压、心输出量、顺应指数、左心室做功指数、胸液量、系统血管阻力等血流动力学指标均得到明显改善(P＜0.05),在急性心肌梗死患者34例中,24例行冠状动脉造影术,15例行球囊扩张术及支架植入术,术后死亡7例.5例行冠状动脉旁路移植术,术后死亡2例;治疗组总病死率为9/20(45%).未治疗组14例,死亡12例(12/14,86%);4例病毒性心肌炎死于心源性休克患者3例.结论 IABP能明显改善心源性休克患者的血流动力学指标,对急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克疗效好.     

急性广泛前壁心梗并发心源性休克行IABP护理体会

目的：总结急性广泛前壁心肌梗死并发心源性休克主动脉球囊反搏（IABP）的护理体会。方法：对1例57岁急性广泛前壁心肌梗死并发心源性休克患者在IABP支持下实施经皮冠状动脉介入术,并对其进行综合护理措施。结果：在48hIABP过程中,由于严密的观察和护理,患者病情逐渐稳定,未出现任何并发症。结论：采用主动脉球囊反搏术综合护理措施,对成功救治急性心肌梗死伴心源性休克、心力衰竭患者具有重要意义。     

急诊PCI联合主动脉内球囊反搏对急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的疗效

目的：探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）联合主动脉球囊反搏术（IABP）治疗急性心肌梗死（AMI）心源性休克患者的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析16例联合IABP行PCI治疗的AMI合并心源性休克患者的临床资料。结果：16例患者均成功置入IABP及行PCI术,IABP使用时间20～190（70.6±37.2）h,3例（18.75%）出现局部穿刺部位出血,经压迫后出血停止,除住院期间死亡1例（6.25%）,无重大并发症。结论：对于心源性休克患者,联合主动脉球囊反搏术行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗安全、有效。     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.