核素显像诊断小肠重复畸形一例

肠重复畸形是少见的先天性疾病,临床表现无特异性,术前诊断困难,以往辅助检查多采用消化道造影、超声、CT等。笔者通过一例99TcmO₄-异位胃黏膜显像诊断小肠重复畸形的病例并文献复习,旨在强调核素显像具有简单易行、灵敏度高的优点,可供临床作为诊断肠重复畸形的选择,对小儿下消化道出血病因的寻查有重大意义。     

^99mTcO4^-异位胃粘膜显像诊断小儿美克尔憩室

目的：探讨99mTcO4-异位胃粘膜显像对小儿美克尔憩室的临床诊断价值。方法：对32例疑美克尔憩室患儿行99mTcO4-异位胃粘膜显像,以腹部出现异常放射性核素浓聚影为阳性。阳性者全部行手术治疗;阴性者行内窥镜或其它检查。结果：32例患儿中核素浓聚影阳性者10例,经手术病理证实9例为异位胃粘膜,1例为肠重复畸形。结论：99mTcO4-异位胃粘膜显像是诊断小儿美克尔憩室特异性较高的一种方法,对临床诊断和治疗有重要的指导意义。     

异位胃黏膜核素显像对小儿下消化道出血的诊断

目的研究放射性核素异位胃黏膜显像在小儿下消化道出血中的显像特征及临床诊断价值。方法应用99Tcm-高得酸盐(99TcmO4-)对57例患儿分别进行了多时相(动态、30min及60min静态)显像。结果57例患儿中异位胃黏膜显像阳性39例。44例进行了手术治疗,其中Meckel’s憩室29例,影像特征呈小圆形或类圆形异常核素浓聚灶,常位于右下腹或脐周围,位置固定;肠重复畸形8例,影像特征呈肠袢形或大团块状异常核素浓聚影,不规则。假阳性2例(4.55%),假阴性3例(6.82%)。结论放射性核素的特征性影像可为异位胃黏膜所致的下消化道出血患儿提供可靠的病因和定位诊断。     

99mTcO4-异位胃粘膜显像诊断小儿美克尔憩室

目的:探讨99mTcO4异位胃粘膜显像对小儿美克尔憩室的临床诊断价值.方法:对32例疑美克尔憩 室患儿行99mTcO4-异位胃粘膜显像,以腹部出现异常放射性核素浓聚影为阳性.阳性者全部行手术治疗;阴性者行内窥镜或其它检查.结果:32例患儿中核素浓聚影阳性者10例,经手术病理证实9例为异位胃粘膜,1例为肠重复畸形.结论:...     

小儿消化道出血的放射性核素显像诊断

对１７例小儿消化道出血的患儿作了（９９ｍ）ＴｃＯ４腹部显像．结果显示９例手术证实为Ｍｅｃｋｅｌ憩室的患儿中８例腹部有异常放射性浓聚，１例阴性．１例肠重复畸形，其腹部也有异常放射性浓聚区．另有升结肠息肉，出血性小肠炎．慢性结肠炎等７例均呈阴性．其诊断小儿消化道出血的灵敏度、特异性及准确率分别为９０．０％、１００．０％及９４．１％，表明放射性核素显像诊断消化道出血是一种简便、安全、准确性较高的方法．     

消化道重复畸形影像分析(附51例报告)

目的：探讨消化道重复畸形的影像诊断价值。材料和方法：回顾性分析经手术及病理证实的消化道重复畸形的X线、CT、超声及核素扫描的表现，其中胸部2例，腹部48例，胸腹联合1例。结果：胸片可显示胸部病变；腹平片表现缺乏特异性；消化道造影可显示消化道的受压及移位，气钡进入病变内或肠管内充盈缺损；CT和超声可显示囊性病变，超声可显示病变的蠕动；含有胃粘膜病变者核素扫描可显示。结论：认识本病的病理特点，综合运用适宜的检查方法，可提高本病的诊断率。     

小儿消化道重复畸形的临床及影像学特征分析

目的探讨小儿消化道重复畸形的临床及影像学特征。方法回顾性分析28例经手术病理证实的小儿消化道重复畸形的临床及影像学资料,术前20例行CT检查,27例行超声检查,7例行X线检查,3例行MRI检查。结果28例消化道重复畸形患儿中,位于食管3例,十二指肠2例,空肠2例,回肠14例,回盲部5例,空回肠交界处2例。术后分型为肠外型21例,肠内型4例,胸内型3例,影像学表现为多囊型3例,单囊型25例。与病理对照,CT及超声检查的诊断符合率分别为65%(13/20)和70%(19/27)。结论小儿消化道重复畸形临床及影像学特征有一定特异性,综合应用各种影像检查对提高本病的术前诊断率具有重要价值。     

85例儿童肾重复畸形核素肾动态显像

核素肾动态显像在儿童先天性肾重复畸形中的应用尚未普及，本研究回顾陛分析了本院1995年5月至2009年1月肾重复畸形患儿的核素肾动态显像结果，以了解核素肾动态显像在该病中的临床应用价值。     

核素显像在肺栓塞诊断及预后评价的价值(附65例分析)

目的：讨论核素显像在肺栓塞（PE）诊断及预后评价的价值。方法：收集2002年1月-2004年6月经核素显像诊断并结合临床确诊的PE患者65例，其中42例患者在治疗后2周、3个月通过肺灌注显像进行复查，用以评价PE的治疗效果。结果：核素肺显像对PE的诊断准确率为93．8％，双下肢深静脉显像对于深静脉血栓的诊断准确率达88．7％，肺灌注显像复查示治疗后2周受累肺段消退率为44．2％，3个月受累肺段消退率为72．8％。结论：核素显像无创、简便、费用低、可重复进行，是PE诊断及预后评价的首选方法。     

小儿消化道重复畸形的MSCT表现

目的:探讨MSCT对小儿消化道重复畸形的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析27例经手术病理证实的小儿消化道重复畸形病例,分析其CT表现,包括囊肿部位、形态、密度和囊壁厚度,并分析其相关并发症。结果:27例消化道重复畸形中发生在食管2例,胃3例,胃合并食管1例,小肠19例,结肠2例。囊肿形态在CT上表现为圆形23例、管形3例、圆形-管形复合型1例。25例囊肿CT平扫为液性低密度,1例合并囊内出血呈高密度,1例囊内可见气体。囊壁厚度大于同层面肠壁者有22例,囊壁均有强化,2例囊壁可见钙化。27例囊肿中,6例出现并发症,包括囊内出血1例,囊肿破裂穿孔伴胰腺炎1例,继发肠梗阻4例。结论:低密度液性囊肿(偶见气体)、厚壁、管形或圆形-管形复合型形态是消化道重复畸形特征性的CT表现。CT对诊断消化道重复畸形合并肠旋转不良、肠闭锁等畸形和(或)伴发肠梗阻、肠扭转等病变颇具优势。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.