促红细胞生成素治疗早产儿贫血的疗效评定

为了验证人基因重组促红细胞生成素注射剂(EPO)对早产儿贫血的治疗效果,将53例早产儿贫血患儿随机分为EPO治疗组(31例)和对照组(22例),治疗组予以EPO 200IU/kg皮下注射,每周2次,8周后两组间外周血血红蛋白、红细胞、红细胞压积出现显著性差异(P＜0.001),治疗组上述指标均显著高于对照组,且无明显副作用,说明EPO治疗早产儿贫血安全有效.     

促红细胞生成素联合不同剂量维生素E在防治早产儿贫血中的临床研究

目的 探讨维生素E(VitE)在防治早产儿贫血中的临床疗效.方法 选择我院新生儿病房2010年12月至2011年12月收治的早产儿90例,按入住先后顺序随机分为对照组(A组)、VitE大剂量组(B组)、VitE小剂量组(C组).A组30例,人院后第7天起给予促红细胞生成素(EPO),每周750 IU/kg分3次皮下注射,共4周;同时加服铁剂每日6 mg/kg.另2组在上述对照治疗的基础上,加服不同剂量VitE,共4周.B组30例,VitE每日15 mg/kg;C组30例,VitE每日2.5mg/kg.观察治疗过程中各组血细胞压积(Hct)、血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞(RBC)、网织红细胞(Ret)及其治疗前后血清VitE浓度的变化.结果 治疗后B、C组患者Hct、Hb、RBC、Ret均有所改善,各项指标改善程度与A组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),B与C组各项指标改善程度未见明显差异(P＞0.05).B、C组治疗后血清VitE浓度可见明显升高,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),A组患者上升不明显.结论 在EPO防治早产儿贫血的同时应加服小剂量VitE.     

重组人类促红细胞生成素防治早产儿贫血的临床研究

目的探讨重组人类促红细胞生成素(rHu-Epo)防治早产儿贫血的疗效.方法将33例早产儿按入院次序分成治疗组17例,对照组16例.治疗组出生第1周即予rHu-Epo500IU*kg-1*w-1,隔日1次,每周3次皮下注射,共5周;对照组未予rHu-Epo治疗.两组早产儿生后第3周开始口服铁剂[元素铁5mg*kg-1*d-1],必要时输血,共观察7周.结果治疗组第2周开始网织红细胞较对照组明显升高(P＜0.01),第3周后渐下降但与对照组比较仍有显著差异(P＜0.05);两组患儿出生后Hb均渐下降,但治疗组程度较轻,最低Hb值较对照组高(P＜0.01),达最低Hb值的时间较对照组早(P＜0.01).治疗组血清铁蛋白第2周开始较对照组低(P＜0.01).治疗组输血率与对照组比较明显减少(P＜0.05).观察期末治疗组早产儿体重增长的速率较对照组高(P＜0.05).结论早期大剂量rHu-Epo能减轻早产儿贫血的程度,减少或避免输血;体内充足的铁储备是确保rHu-Epo疗效的重要因素.     

不同剂量的重组人类促红细胞生成素在防治早产儿贫血中的应用

本研究应用不同剂量的重组人类促红细胞生成素(ｒｅｃｏｍｂｉｎａｎｔｈｕｍａｎｅｒｙｔｈｒｏｐｏｉｅｔｉｎ ,ｒｈＥｐｏ)防治早产儿贫血 ,以期探讨其在治疗早产儿贫血中的临床意义及最适剂量。对象及方法1 病例选择 :1996年 3月 1日～ 1999年 6月 30日 ,所有生后 2 4ｈ内入我院新生儿病房的早产儿 ,符合下列标准 :胎龄 <35周 ;出生体重≤ 180 0ｇ ;出生时无贫血、红细胞增多症、母子血型不合、感染及先天性疾患 ;病情相对稳定 ,血压正常。符合上述标准者共 75例。随机连续分为对照组和治疗 1组 [ｒｈＥｐｏ的剂量 75Ｕ (ｋｇ·周 ) ]、…     

促红细胞生成素治疗早产儿贫血的临床研究

目的 观察重组人类促红细胞生成素(rh-EPO)防治早产儿贫血的疗效。方法 将46例早产儿按入 院顺序随机分为治疗组和对照组各23例,治疗组用rh-EPO每周600 IU／kg,隔天1次,皮下注射共6周,加常规治 疗(维生素E 25 mg／d,维生素C 0.2 g／d,元素铁每天6 mg／kg),必要时输血,对照组仅用常规治疗。结果 治疗后 治疗组网织红细胞计数(Ret)较对照组明显升高(P<0.01);两组早产儿出生后血红蛋白(Hb)均逐渐下降,但治疗 组下降缓慢,治疗结束后两组差异非常显著(P<0.001);血清铁水平在治疗期间治疗组明显低于对照组(P <0.01);治疗结束后差异缩小(P<0.05);治疗组输血率(13.04％)较对照组(52.17％)明显减少(P<0.01)。结论 rh-EPO能有效防治早产儿贫血,无明显副作用。     

促红细胞生成素在早产儿贫血治疗中的研究进展

早产儿贫血是儿科常见问题,所有早产 儿生后前几周均经历血红蛋白（Hb）的下降, 且出生体重愈低,出现愈早,程度愈严重,持 续时间也愈长,临床常有组织缺氧的表现:如 苍白、气急、喂养困难、体重不增、少动或淡 漠（1）等,严重影响了早产儿的生长发育,并且 必需靠输血维持机体足够的氧转运,据统计（2,3）,出生2周内的极低出生体重儿,60％　以上接受过输血,由于输血常并发溶血、感　染、过敏、高血钾、移植物抗宿主反应等不良　反应（1,4）,迫使人们寻找安全有效的防治早产     

不同剂量重组人类促红细胞生成素防治早产儿贫血的疗效观察

目的　探讨重组人类促红细胞生成素(rhEpo)治疗早产儿贫血的疗效及最适剂量。方法　予rhEpo750IU/(kg*w)(Ⅰ组)、600IU/(kg*w)(Ⅱ组)、450IU/(kg*w)(Ⅲ组)、300IU/(kg*w)(Ⅳ组),分别治疗15例胎龄35周以下、出生体重<1800g的早产儿,并与15例同胎龄、同出生体重的早产儿(Ⅴ组)对照。结果　①5组早产儿生后血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积比(ΦRBC)均逐步下降,但Ⅰ组下降程度最轻,对照组下降程度最明显。治疗结束时,经方差分析,除了Ⅲ组与Ⅳ组之间无显著性差异外,其余各剂量组之间差异有显著性意义。②Ⅰ～Ⅳ组第2周起网织红细胞(Ret)较对照组升高(P均<0.01),并且与剂量有关;治疗结束时,各剂量组差异已不显著,但仍高于对照组(P<0.01)。③Ⅰ～Ⅳ组第2周血清铁明显低于对照组,第4周更甚;治疗结束时,治疗组血清铁上升,但Ⅰ～Ⅲ组仍低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论　rhEpo可提高Hb、ΦRBC及Ret,并且疗效与剂量有关,750IU/(kg*w)组疗效最显著。     

促红细胞生成素治疗早产儿贫血的疗效评定

为了验证人基因重组促红细胞生成素注射剂（EPO）对早产儿贫血的治疗效果，将53例早产儿贫血患儿随机分为EPO治疗组（31例）和对照组（22例），治疗组予以EPO 200IU／kg皮下注射，每周2次，8周后两组间外周血血红蛋白、红细胞、红细胞压积出现显著性差异（P＜0．001），治疗组上述指标均显著高于对照组，且无明显副作用，说明EPO治疗早产儿贫血安全有效。     

国产重组人类促红细胞生成素防治早产儿贫血的临床效果研究

为评价国产重组人类促红细胞生成素（rhEPO）防治早产儿贫血的效果和安全性，将40例胎龄≤34周的早产儿随机分为治疗组及对照组各20例。治疗组予国产rhEPO750IU／（kg.w），每周分3次皮下注射，用药6周；对照组未用rhEPO；两组早产儿均口服铁剂。结果显示治疗组用药后血清促工细胞生成素水平显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）；治疗组血红蛋白、红细胞压积比、网积红细胞显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）；血清铁蛋白水平在用药后治疗组明显低于对照组（P＜0．01）；治疗组输血率较对照组明显减少（P＜0．01）；治疗组体重增长指标高于对照组9P＜0．05）。研究提示，国产rhEPO能有效防治早产儿贫血，且用药安全，无明显副作用。     

重组人类促红细胞生成素预防极低出生体重儿贫血的研究

目的　评价重组人类促红细胞生成素 (rhu EPO)在相同剂量下不同应用频度对预防极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)贫血的效果。方法　将东南大学附属徐州医院儿科 2 0 0 1年 9月至 2 0 0 3年 9月收治的 2 2例VLBWI随机分成两组 ,均在出生第 8天开始予rhu EPO ,每周 75 0IU/kg ,共 6周。Ⅰ组 (12例 )每周 3次给药 ;Ⅱ组 (10例 )每周 1次给药。另设未予rhu EPO的 12例VLBWI作为对照组 (Ⅲ组 )。动态观察血红蛋白、红细胞计数、红细胞压积比等。结果　 (1) 3组患儿在出生第 2 8天血红蛋白值的差异均有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1) ,出生第 6 4天的差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1) ,但Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间 P =0 0 5 2。 (2 ) 3组患儿在出生第 2 8天红细胞计数的差异均有统计学意义(P <0 0 1) ,出生第 6 4天的差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1) ,但Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间P =0 0 74。 (3) 3组患儿在出生第 2 8天红细胞压积比的差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1) ,但Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间P =0 14 0 ,出生第 6 4天的差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1) ,但Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间P =0 195。结论　在rhu EPO相同的每周总量下 ,每周 3次给药比每周 1次给药能明显提高VLBWI的血红蛋白及红细胞计数     

Treatment of renal anemia with recombinant human erythropoietin

Anemia is an almost invariable feature of chronic renal failure and is particularly severe in children treated by long-term hemodialysis. Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) offers entirely new aspects in the treatment of renal anemia. This report presents three patients on maintenance hemodialysis aged 10, 10/10 12, and 18 years who were treated with rhEPO. Two suffered from hemochromatosis secondary to multiple transfusions. 100 U/kg rhEPO were administered three times weekly, and venesection after dialysis was performed when a target hematocrit value of 30% was achieved. Hematocrit, reticulocyte-counts and hemoglobin rose within 3 to 6 weeks after initiation of therapy in all patients. Serumferritin levels declined significantly in the two patients with hemochromatosis. No deterioration of the metabolic status (i.e. increase of blood urea nitrogen, serum-creatinine, -phosphate or -potassium) could be detected. Therapy had to be discontinued in one patient who experienced hypertensive ceisis. This patient, however, had suffered from severe hypertension prior to rhEPO therapy. Blood pressure remained stable in the other patients. We conclude that renal anemia can be effectively treated by rhEPO in children. Increase of blood pressure may necessitate discontinuation of therapy especially in primary hypertensive patients. Extensive studies are necessary to eluciate long-term effects of rhEPO in children.     

Effects of recombinant human erythropoietin in infants with the anemia of prematurity: a pilot study.

In an attempt to stimulate endogenous erythrocyte production and thereby provide an alternative to erythrocyte transfusions, we administered recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) in doses of 75 to 300 units/kg/wk to seven infants with the anemia of prematurity. Treatment was started between 21 and 33 days of life, maintained for 4 weeks, and was well tolerated. All the patients had low baseline serum erythropoietin levels. After rHuEpo therapy, the number of reticulocytes increased from a mean baseline count of 75 x 10(9)/L to 95, 141, and 165 x 10(9)/L on days 7, 10, and 14 of therapy, respectively. Correction or stabilization of the anemia was observed in six of seven patients, whose estimated total erythrocyte volume increased by 49% during therapy (vs a predicted increment of 18% in the absence of rHuEpo). In one patient, however, the hematocrit declined during the treatment, and in three of the responders a secondary fall in hematocrit was noted either during therapy or after its discontinuation. Serum iron and ferritin levels rapidly decreased after the initiation of rHuEpo therapy, and in most patients transient early thrombocytosis and late neutropenia were observed. These data suggest that rHuEpo may correct or stabilize the anemia of prematurity. Its effects, however, may be limited by a variety of factors, among which iron availability probably plays an important role. Controlled studies will be needed to confirm these preliminary observations.     

The effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on the treatment of anemia of prematurity

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of erythropoietin in the prevention and treatment of anemia of prematurity, correlating the use of this drug with weight gain, length, and head circumference and comparing two administration schemes of he same weekly dose: daily use and twice a week. METHODS: The study comprised 42 premature newborns with gestational age up to 33 weeks, birthweight up to 1550 g, and postnatal age between 10 and 35 days. The newborns were randomized into three groups: patients in group 1 received seven daily doses of 100 U/kg erythropoietin per week; patients in group 2 received two 350 U/kg erythropoietin doses per week; and patients in group 3 did not receive the drug. Hematologic measurements, blood transfusion requirements, and growth rates were followed during therapy. RESULTS: Cases and controls did not differ with respect to weight, length, head circumference, and total time of hospital stay. At the end of the study, no significant difference was observed in the platelet count measurement means, white blood cell count, and ferritin levels in the three groups. However, the final hematocrit and hemoglobin values of patients who did not receive erythropoietin were significantly lower than those of patients who received the drug. The absolute reticulocyte count mean was significantly higher in patients who received erythropoietin after two weeks of treatment when compared with those patients who did not receive the drug. Patients in group 1 e 2 received fewer excessive transfusions (2 or more) than patients in group 3. The administration of 700 U/kg/week erythropoietin significantly reduced the number of excessive blood transfusions. There is no significant difference in blood transfusion volume between patients who received erythropoietin on a daily basis and those who received the drug twice weekly. CONCLUSIONS: the use of erythropoietin did not influence weight gain and growth. The administration of 700 U/kg/week erythropoietin in premature infants with gestational age up to 33 weeks and birthweight up to 1550 g stimulates erythropoiesis and significantly reduces excessive blood transfusion requirements. Erythropoietin showed to be a safe and well tolerated medication, with no short-term side effects in the study population.     

Subcutaneous recombinant human erythropoietin in children with renal anemia on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Subcutaneous recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) treatment of renal anemia was performed in four boys and eight girls on CAPD, aged 0.8–12.5 (mean 7.4) years. In contrast to previous studies, our therapeutic goal was not set with a hematocrit of 30% but with full correction of anemia. Following a maximum weekly rHuEpo dosage of median 120 (range 100–240) IU/kg body weight, hcmatocrit increased in 10 children from 24 (14–29)%) within 12 (4–17) weeks to 40.1 (33.5–48.4)%. The weekly increase in hematocrit was 1.27 (0.5–3.1)%. The corrected reticulocyte count increased from I.3 (0.7–1.8)% to 2.3 (1.4–3.9)% within 4 (2–6) weeks. Eight childrcn fulfilled the protocol; six with an uncomplicated course were able to maintain a hematocrit of 37.1 (35.1–42.7)% with only one sc medication per week of approximately two-thirds of their highest weekly rHuEpo dosage. No serious adverse effect of rHuEpo therapy was observed.     

Recombinant human erythropoietin in anemia of prematurity

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate safety and efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO)in reducing the need for red cell transfusions in anemia of prematurity. METHODS: forty -two preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) were randomly assigned to a "treatment" group (r-HuEPO 400 units/kg every alternate day * 10 doses) or "no treatment" (control) group. All infants on enteral feeds received oral iron 3 mg/kg/day, graded up to 6 mg/kg/day. RESULTS: Higher reticulocyte counts in week 2 and 3 and higher hemoglobin levels in week 4 were noted after treatment with r-HuEPO. Despite stumulated erythropoiesis, the frequency of transfusions could not be reduced with r-HuEPO therapy.Overall, Phlebotomy losses, frequency and volume of redcell transfusions were significantly more in neonates with birthweight <1000 grams compared with those with birthweight >1000 grams (p<0.05). Associated side effects of r-HuEPO such as neutropenia,sepsis, hypertension or increased risk of late death did not occur. CONCLUSION:r-HuEPO therapy was safe without any side effects.Inability of r-HuEPO therapy to minimize red cell transfusions for anemia of prematurity may be explained by a relatively strict red-cell transfusion policy and the desired degree of treatment effect.     

Successful treatment of neonatal rhesus hemolytic anemia with high doses of recombinant human erythropoietin

The authors report the use of high-dose recombinant erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) in a full-term newborn baby with severe postnatal rhesus hemolytic anemia (RHA). Hemoglobin (Hb) value and reticulocyte count at day 13 of life were 59 g/L and 234 x 10(9)/L, respectively. Three days after the r-HuEPO (870 U/kg/d) administration, reticulocyte count had increased more than 4-fold and Hb rose to 73 g/L. r-HuEPO was gradually decreased after 18 days of treatment. No major side effect was observed. In selected cases of severe anemia due to hemolytic disorders, transfusions may be avoided by the use of high doses of r-HuEPO.     

Therapy of renal anemia in children and adolescents with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO).

Eleven anemic children and adolescents with a median age of 14 years (range six months-20 years) on chronic hemodialysis were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) intravenously three times a week for an average of 9.2 months. After eight weeks of therapy, hematocrit rose from 20.3 +/- 1.4% to 31.7 +/- 0.7% (0.20 +/- 0.01 to 0.31 +/- 0.007, p less than 0.001, mean +/- SEM). After reaching the target hematocrit of 30% to 33% (0.30 to 0.33), doses were adjusted individually. Blood transfusions were eliminated in all but one patient. All patients experienced an increase in appetite and energy level. Serum ferritin concentrations decreased in all patients who reached target hematocrit and seven required iron supplementation. Hypertension worsened in two patients and developed in two others. One patient's vascular access clotted. Dialysis efficiency and heparin requirements during dialysis did not change significantly. We conclude that rHuEPO is safe, effective, and should be recommended as treatment for anemia in children and adolescents on hemodialysis, but close monitoring for the development of hypertension and/or iron deficiency is necessary.