EBV潜伏基因产物在恶性淋巴瘤组织中的表达及意义

目的：探讨EBV潜伏基因产物在恶性淋巴瘤组织中的表达及意义。方法：用免疫组化方法对565例NHL、64例HL人体标本进行LMP－1、EBNA2对比检测并选择101例NHL进行PCR检测。结果：EBV－PCR检出率（19．8％）高于LMP－1（14．9％）,PCR阴性病例LMP－1全部为阴性,EBNA2在全部病例均为阴性,在NHL,LMP－1阳性细胞主要是免疫母细胞样细胞、R－S样细胞和R－S细胞,LMP－1阳性的R－S样细胞我数表达活化分子CD30。肠道原发恶性淋巴瘤EBV检出率较高（23．1％）。T淋巴瘤EBV检出率（23．8％）高于B淋瘤（10．2％）。结论：EBV潜伏基因产物表达情况能够反映出宿主细胞的分化程度和（或）宿主的免疫监视作用。EVB在R－S样细胞形成可能起作用。EBV感染与肠道恶性淋巴瘤的发病有关。     

根据WHO淋巴造血系统肿瘤新分类对山西省淋巴瘤分布特点的分析

目的根据WHO淋巴造血系统肿瘤新分类标准、分析山西省恶性淋巴瘤的分布特点。方法重新阅读HE切片,选用免疫组织化学ABC法标记间变性淋巴瘤激酶（ALK）1、bcl-6、CD（1α、3、4、5、7、8、10,15、20、23、30、43、56、68、79α和99）、细胞周期蛋白（cyclin）D1、上皮膜抗原（EMA）、IgD,k,λ、潜伏膜抗原（LMP）1、PAX5、末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶（TdT）和Vs38C;原位杂交方法标记EBER RNA。按照WHO淋巴造血系统肿瘤新分类标准,对山西省肿瘤医院存档的447例淋巴瘤组织标本重新分类。结果447例淋巴瘤中,385例（86．1％）为非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）,62例（13．9％）为霍奇金淋巴瘤（HL）。68．3％NHL为B细胞来源,30．6％为T和NK细胞来源,组织细胞来源的肿瘤仅占3例（0．8％）。弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）为最常见的类型（35．1％）,其他依次为外周T细胞淋巴瘤、非特殊型（PTun,12．0％）、黏膜相关淋巴组织结外边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤（MALT淋巴瘤,11．7％）,滤泡性淋巴瘤（FL,8．6％）,前体淋巴母细胞性淋巴瘤（T-LBL,7．0％）,间变性大细胞淋巴瘤（ALCL,4．2％）,小淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤（B-SLL,3．6％）和套细胞淋巴瘤（MCL,2．6％）。263例B细胞淋巴瘤105例（39．9％）表达免疫球蛋白轻链,包括52例K和53例λ。263例B细胞淋巴瘤14例表达LMP-1,14例表达EBER;119例T和NK细胞淋巴瘤6例表达LMP-1,19例表达EBER,NHL中LMP-1和EBER表达具有不一致性。62例HL37例（59．7％）一致表达LMP-1和EBER RNA,包括7例富于淋巴细胞型HL、11例混合细胞型HL和19例结节硬化型HL。结论所搜集到的山西省DLBCL的比率类似于美国、澳大利亚、日本和韩国,FL的比率明显低于美国和澳大利亚。     

EB病毒转化淋巴母细胞LMP-1,LMP-2A及LMP-2B的表达

目的了解EB病毒转化淋巴母细胞LMP-1,LMP-2A,LMP-2B基因的表达改变。方法采用实时定量PCR方法分别检测并比较同一献血员来源的正常人淋巴细胞与EBV转化淋巴母细胞前后LMP基因(LMP-1、LMP-2A、LMP-2B)的表达改变。采用Western bolt检测LMP-1蛋白表达。结果 LMP-1、LMP-2A、LMP-2B基因在转化淋巴母细胞比在正常人淋巴细胞的表达分别上调863倍、1 763倍、90 078倍。Western bolt检测LMP-1蛋白在转化淋巴母细胞中的表达比正常人淋巴细胞明显增强。结论在EBV转化淋巴母细胞过程中LMP-1、LMP-2A和LMP-2B表达均上调。     

散发性胆囊癌nm23-H1基因遗传不稳定性与错配修复基因hMLH1和hMSH2蛋白表达的研究

目的： 研究人类17号染色体D17S396位点微卫星不稳定性和杂合性缺失，对nm23-H1蛋白表达的影响，同时检测错配修复基因hMLH1和hMSH2蛋白的表达，为揭示nm23-H1基因、hMLH1和hMSH2基因与肿瘤发生和转移机制提供实验依据。方法: 采用石蜡包埋组织抽提DNA、PCR-SSCP、常规银染、Envision免疫组织化学等方法，对50例胆囊癌及其相应的正常组织，进行D17S396位点MSI、LOH的检测和nm23-H1、hMLH1和hMSH2蛋白表达研究。结果: ①原发性胆囊癌D17S396位点遗传不稳定发生率为42.55%，LOH的发生率与肿瘤组织分化程度差异显著（P <0.05）；在肝脏侵润和淋巴转移组高于无肝脏侵润和无淋巴转移组(P <0.01)，在NevinⅣ+Ⅴ期高于Ⅰ+Ⅱ+Ⅲ期(P <0.01)；而MSI发生率则相反；②nm23-H1蛋白阳性率为46.81%，在淋巴转移组低于无淋巴转移组(P <0.01)；NevinⅣ+Ⅴ期低于Ⅰ+Ⅱ+Ⅲ期(P <0.05)；③hMLH1和hMSH2蛋白阳性率分别为51.06%和42.55%，hMLH1蛋白表达在有无淋巴转移组和Nevin分期有显著差异(P <0.01)，肝脏侵润组低于无肝脏侵润组(P <0.05)；④MSI阳性组中hMLH1蛋白阳性率显著高于MSI阴性组(P <0.05)。LOH阳性组中nm23-H1和hMSH2蛋白阳性率显著低于LOH阴性组（P <0.05）；⑤hMSH2蛋白阳性组中nm23-H1蛋白表达明显高于hMSH2蛋白阴性组（P<0.05）。结论:nm23-H1基因的遗传不稳定性可能是胆囊癌发生、发展的一个重要分子机制。nm23-H1基因的MSI和LOH，通过相互独立的途径调控胆囊癌的发生和转移。hMLH1/hMSH2表达异常可能是胆囊癌的早期分子事件。提高胆囊癌局部nm23-H1、hMLH1和hMSH2蛋白的表达，可减缓肿瘤的侵润转移并提高预后率。     

单核细胞趋化因子-1介导单核细胞治疗卵巢癌的实验研究

目的：研究单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）介导单核细胞对大鼠卵巢上皮癌的治疗作用并探讨其机制。方法：用脂质体介导法将质粒pLXSN/MCP-1转染包装细胞PA317,经G418筛选滴度最高的 PA317病毒上清液感染大鼠卵巢癌细胞株NuTu-19，以RT-PCR和Boyden Chamber分析MCP-1的表达。分离Fischer 344大鼠脾脏单核巨噬细胞，采用MTT法检测MCP-1介导单核细胞对肿瘤细胞的杀伤效应。观察基因修饰的肿瘤细胞对卵巢癌腹腔转移大鼠模型生存期的影响并采用流式细胞仪检测肿瘤组织中CD25(IL-2R) 及CD44v6的表达情况。结果：本研究建立的NuTu-19/MCP-1细胞株中MCP-1稳定表达并具有较高的单核细胞趋化活性，趋化指数较对照组明显升高（P<0.05）。MCP-1体外介导单核细胞对NuTu-19/MCP-1细胞的最大杀伤率为28%，明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。基因修饰的肿瘤细胞可在一定程度上延长荷瘤动物生存期，与对照组相比差异显著（P<0.05）。FCM显示NuTu-19/MCP-1组(25.82%)细胞中CD25 (IL-2R)含量显著高于对照组NuTu-19/neo(8.73%)细胞（P<0.05）。CD44v6的含量在NuTu-19/MCP-1组(6.61%)显著低于对照组(40.74%)的表达水平，差异显著（P<0.01）。结论： MCP-1可介导单核细胞抑制卵巢癌细胞NuTu-19的生长，MCP-1基因修饰的肿瘤细胞具有一定的诱导机体抗肿瘤免疫作用，MCP-1免疫基因治疗对提高卵巢癌的治疗效果具有重要意义。     

Survivin和CXCR3在非霍奇金淋巴瘤的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）患者Survivin和CXCR3的表达及临床意义。方法：采用RT-PCR法检测61例NHL患者新鲜淋巴组织标本Survivin基因和外周血CD4和CD8阳性T细胞上CXCR3的表达,并以30例健康人作为正常对照组。结果：61例NHL患者Survivin表达（0.65±0.37）,完全缓解后仍表达（0.49±0.31）,与正常对照组相比（0.22±0.13）均有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。NHL患者CD4＋CXCR3（46.2±11.4）;CD8＋CXCR3（32.6±7.8）,与正常对照组CD4＋CXCR3（16.9±6.4）和CD8＋CXCR3（13.8±4.7）相比有差异（P〈0.05）,完全缓解后CD4＋CXCR3（24.6±8.1）和CD8＋CXCR3（17.8±7.2）,与正常对照组比较无差异（P〉0.05）。NHL患者Survivin表达的高低和疗效无关（P〉0.05）,但是CXCR3表达高的CR率低。结论：Survivin基因和CXCR3与淋巴瘤的发病有一定关系,但是Survivin表达高低与淋巴瘤疗效无关,而CXCR3低表达的缓解率高。     

LIM矿化蛋白1过表达对骨肉瘤细胞系OS-9901细胞增殖的影响

目的　探讨骨肉瘤细胞系OS-9901细胞中LIM矿化蛋白1（LMP-1）过表达对该细胞增殖的影响。 方法　构建LMP-1过表达慢病毒载体,通过脂质体转染进骨肉瘤细胞系OS-9901细胞。通过荧光定量PCR和Western blot检测LMP-1过表达情况,并通过BrdU掺入实验比较LMP-1过表达前后细胞增殖情况。 结果　转染了LMP-1过表达慢病毒载体6 h后细胞内LMP-1 mRNA和蛋白表达均无显著变化（P>0.05）,且DNA合成量无显著变化。而当LMP-1过表达慢病毒载体转染细胞12、24和48 h后细胞内LMP-1 mRNA和蛋白表达量均显著提高的同时,DNA合成量显著降低（P<0.05）。 结论　LMP-1过表达可抑制骨肉瘤细胞系OS-9901细胞增殖。     

脱氧核酶抑制鼻咽癌细胞EBV-LMP1的表达

目的 探讨l 0- 23脱氧核酶(1 0-23DR z)对鼻咽癌生长的抑制作用。 方法 设计合成针对EBV-LMP1的l0-23DRz，并对其进行硫代磷酸化修饰，同时针对该位点设计突变型DR z和反义寡核苷酸，经脂质体转染C666-1细胞中观察其对LMP1基因表达的抑制效应；建立裸鼠皮下鼻咽癌移植瘤，瘤体内注射脱氧核酶及其类似物，观察其对LMP1基因及肿瘤生长的抑制效应。 结果 有效转染后，脱氧核酶在细胞内抑制LMP1基因表达；成功建立裸鼠移植瘤模型后，脱氧核酶能高效抑制LMP1基因表达，并能抑制肿瘤生长，其作用较突变型脱氧核酶和反义寡核苷酸强（P<0.05）。 结论 脱氧核酶在鼻咽癌细胞中及移植瘤模型中都能高效抑制LMP1的表达，可能成为一种高度特异性的、高效的基因治疗剂。     

凝血酶敏感蛋白-1在2型糖尿病心肌病大鼠心肌中的表达及意义

目的： 探讨凝血酶敏感蛋白-1（TSP-1）在2型糖尿病心肌病（DCM）发病中的作用。方法： 采用高脂高热量饮食诱导出胰岛素抵抗，加小剂量链脲佐菌素注射建立DCM动物模型，12周后采用Masson染色、免疫组织化学染色、实时定量逆转录－聚合酶链反应、Western blotting技术，检测左室心肌胶原含量、TSP-1 mRNA和蛋白质表达水平的变化。结果： DCM大鼠左室心肌组织胶原含量明显高于对照组（11.01±3.05 vs 16.92±3.18，P<0.01），TSP-1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均明显高于对照组（0.0089±0.0034 vs 0.0141±0.0037，P<0.05；96.38±16.80 vs 129.98±16.96，P<0.05）；TSP-1 mRNA水平与血糖、心肌组织胶原含量、LVEDP均呈正相关（r=0.762，P<0.01；r=0.717，P<0.05；r=0.658，P<0.05）；与LVSP、-dp/dtmax均呈负相关（r=-0.605，P<0.05；r=-0.694，P<0.05）；TSP-1蛋白质表达水平与血糖、心肌组织胶原含量、LVEDP均呈正相关（r=0.735，P<0.01；r=0.750，P<0.01；r=0.716，P<0.05）；与LVSP、-dp/dtmax均呈负相关（r=-0.633，P<0.05；r=-0.669，P<0.05）。结论： 心肌组织TSP-1高表达在DCM心肌间质纤维化的发生中起着重要的作用。     

下调YAP1基因对子宫内膜癌顺铂耐药细胞的影响及机制探究

目的 观察下调YAP1基因对子宫内膜癌顺铂耐药细胞的影响。方法 子宫内膜癌顺铂耐药细胞株Ishikawa/DDP分为Ishikawa/DDP-siRNA-YAP1组（转染siRNA-YAP1的细胞）、阴性对照组（转染siRNA-NC的细胞）和空白对照组（未经转染的细胞），MTT法及癌细胞单克隆形成数目检测细胞增殖，Transwell小室检测侵袭，划痕检测迁移，AnnexinV-FITC/PI双染法检测凋亡，免疫荧光检测自噬现象，Western blot检测凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-2和自噬相关蛋白LC3β、p62。结果 24 h、48 h、72 h,Ishikawa/DDP-siRNA-YAP1组OD值明显低于阴性对照组和空白对照组（P<0.05），细胞克隆数明显少于阴性对照组和空白对照组（P<0.05）；细胞迁移率明显低于阴性对照组和空白对照组（P<0.05）；细胞侵袭数明显少于阴性对照组和空白对照组（P<0.05）；免疫荧光结果显示与阴性对照组和空白对照组比较，Ishikawa/DDP-siRNA-YAP1组绿色、红色以及黄色光点明显减少，即自噬小体堆积明...     

High-throughput tissue microarray analysis of G1-cyclin alterations in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma indicates overexpression of cyclin E1

Deregulation of G1-cyclins (CCN) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of many human malignancies, including non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). In contrast to NHL, little is known about phenotypic and genotypic changes in the regulation of the cell cycle in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL). To facilitate analysis of aberrant gene expression in cHL, a lymphoma tissue microarray (TMA) containing 752 cores of 330 different cHL samples was constructed. Direct comparison of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) expression in Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells on conventional full sections with the corresponding duplicate/triplicate tumour cores on the TMA showed a concordance of 100%, indicating that cHL-TMA is a reliable and representative method for evaluating gene expression profiles in situ. Using TMA technology, protein expression and gene amplification of different G1-CCNs in cHL were analysed. Among the G1-CCNs analysed, cyclin E (CCNE) was expressed in 212/253 cases (84%). In most of the individual tumours, over 75% of the HRS cells stained positive for CCNE, suggesting that CCNE is overexpressed in cHL. This overexpression was not due to CCNE gene amplification, as judged by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and did not correlate with EBV infection, as assessed by the expression of LMP-1. Thus, the overexpression of CCNE could be caused by profound changes in HRS cell-cycle regulation that could contribute to the malignant phenotype.     

The expression of the EBV latent membrane protein (LMP-1) is independent of CD23 and bcl-2 in Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin''s disease

A series of 33 cases of Hodgkin's disease was investigated for the presence of the EBV encoded latent gene product LMP-1 and of CD23 using immunohistochemical techniques. The expression of bcl-2 was examined in a subset of cases. LMP-1 was detected in the Reed-Sternberg cells in 15 cases. Although LMP-1 is known to upregulate CD23 and bcl-2, there was no correlation between the expression of LMP-1 and the detection of CD23 and bcl-2 in Reed-Sternberg cells.     

Composite marginal zone B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin's lymphoma: a clinicopathological study of 12 cases

AIMS: Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) rarely coexists as composite lymphoma with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL). We characterized 12 cases of composite marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBL) and cHL by immunohistochemistry and molecular biology. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eight patients had gastric MZBL of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type, in five cases with a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma component. Concurrent cHL was observed either in the stomach wall, regional, or distant lymph nodes. One patient each had composite pulmonary/thyroid MZBL of MALT-type and cHL. In two cases, nodal composite MZBL and cHL was observed. cHL displayed features of mixed cellularity type in 10 cases, while in two cases only scattered Hodgkin- and Reed-Sternberg (H/RS) cells were noted. H/RS cells expressed CD30, multiple myeloma oncogene 1 protein (MUM1P), p53 (100%), CD15 (58%), CD20 (58%) and Epstein-Barr virus-associated LMP1 (50%). No t(11;18)(q21;q21) was detected in composite MZBL of MALT-type and cHL. CONCLUSIONS: MZBL and cHL may occur as composite lymphoma, possibly reflecting clonal lymphoma progression. Derivation from extranodal MZBL of MALT-type should be excluded in cases in which a diagnosis of primary extranodal cHL is considered.     

The role of CD30, CD40 and CD95 in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma

AIMS: CD30, CD40 and CD95 are members of the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Ligation to their respective ligands (CD30L, CD40L, CD95L) will generate a diverse set of signalling cascades. We aim to study the expression pattern of CD30, CD40 and CD95 in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) and to correlate the expressions with proliferation and apoptosis in the Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg (H/RS) cells of cHL with or without associated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. METHODS: A total of 66 cHL cases were retrieved from the archives. Expressions of CD30, CD40, CD95 and proliferation by Ki-67 expression were detected with an immunohistochemical staining method. Apoptosis index was assessed by in situ TUNEL staining technique on 30 randomly selected cases and the presence of EBV was determined by EBER in situ hybridisation. REUSLTS: Expression of CD30, CD40 and CD95 in the H/RS cells was observed in a high proportion of the cases (100, 93.9, 90.5%, respectively). There was no significant association or correlation of the expression of these molecules with the presence of EBV. Expression of CD40 was associated with expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 (P=0.044), whereas strong (intermediate and high) expression of CD30 showed a significant correlation with proliferation in the EBV-negative cases only (P=0.025). No correlation was observed for the expression of CD30 and CD40 with apoptosis of the H/RS cells. The childhood cases showed weaker CD95 expression in the H/RS cells than the adult cases, and the expression of CD95 was weaker than that of CD40 in the childhood group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that CD30, CD40 and CD95 are highly expressed in the H/RS cells of the majority of cases of cHL. The expression patterns seem to be independent of EBV and do not correlate with apoptosis of the H/RS cells.     

儿童淋巴瘤患者EBV-LMP1基因C末端30bp缺失突变检测

目的 研究儿童淋巴瘤来源的EBV-LMP1基因C末端30 bp缺失突变情况并分析其意义.方法 应用巢式聚合酶链反应技术(Nested-PCR)扩增免疫组化检测EBV-LMP1或原位杂交检测EBV.EBERS阳性的霍奇金淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤和淋巴结反应性增生病理标本中EBV-LMP1基因,并进行序列分析.结果 EBV-LMP1羧基端30 bp缺失的del-LMP1的检出率在霍奇金淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤和淋巴结反应性增生分别为11/25、3/8和5/15,三组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.793,X2=0.463).经序列分析发现,所扩增的EBV-LmP1基因型可分为三个亚型:B95.8、China1和China2.结论 EBV羧基端30 bp缺失的del-LMP1基因型广泛存在EBV阳性的儿童霍奇金淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤和淋巴结反应性增生病例中,与疾病本身没有关系.儿童来源的EBV-LMP1基因型主要可分为B95.8、China1和China2三个亚型.     

Ⅲ期鼻咽癌p53蛋白表达与生物学行为及预后的关系及其与p53基因突变、潜伏膜蛋白-1表达的相关研究

目的：探讨Ⅲ期鼻咽分化型非角化性鳞癌中P53蛋白的表达与生物学行为及预后的关系,以及P53蛋白表达与P53基因突变和潜伏膜蛋白（LMP）－1蛋白表达的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学EnVison法和聚合酶链反应－单链构象多态性分析（PCR－SSCP）检测58Ⅲ例鼻咽分化型非角化性鳞癌标本。结果：58份Ⅲ期鼻咽分化型非角化性鳞癌中,P53蛋白总阳性率为65．5％（3858）,生存期在5年以下的患者阳性率为82．1％（32／39）,5年以上患者31．6％（6／19）,两组间P53蛋白表达差异有显著性意义（P＜0．05）,P53蛋白表达在有预底侵袭组为74．4％（29／39）,无颅底侵袭组为47．4％（919）,两组间差异有显著性意义（P＜0．05）,PCR－SSCP检测15例P53蛋白阳性的病例,P53基因5－8外显子突变率为0（0／15）,LMP－1蛋白免疫组织化学总阳性率为72．4％（42／58）,与P53蛋白表达呈正相关关系（r=0.504)。结论：本组Ⅲ期鼻咽分化型非角化性鳞癌患者中P53蛋白表达与P53基因突变无相关关系。与LMP－1蛋白的表达相关,P53蛋白的表达阳性率随着患者生存期的延长而降低,有颅底侵袭组P53蛋白表达阳性率高于无颅底侵袭组。     

Differential expression patterns of c-REL protein in classic and nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma.

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is characterized by numerical gains of the short arm of chromosome 2. The high frequency of 2p overrepresentation including REL, particularly in the nodular sclerosis subtype suggests that constitutive activation of nuclear factor kappaB/REL is a hallmark of Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells. The aim of this study was to investigate c-Rel protein expression patterns in cHL and nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) cases by immunohistochemical analysis. A total of 79 cases of HL were analyzed, which included 59 cases of cHL (49 nodular sclerosis; 8 mixed cellularity; 2 lymphocyte-rich) and 20 cases of NLPHL. Positive staining was defined in this study as a reaction seen in the nuclei or nuclei and cytoplasm of RS or lymphocytic and histiocytic (L&H) cells in cHL and NLPHL cases, respectively. The percent positivity of c-REL staining of RS cells in cHL was seen in 51 of 59 cases (86.4%). No significant difference in c-REL expression was seen between nodular sclerosis (42 of 49, 85.7%) and mixed cellularity subtypes (7 of 8 cases, 87.5%; P = 1). In comparison, positive c-REL protein expression in L&H cells was seen in 5 of 20 NLPHL cases (25.0%). Therefore, significantly higher positivity of RS cells in cHL was seen compared with positivity of L&H cells in NLPHL; 86.4% vs. 25.0%; P = 0). Expression of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein was seen in 6 of 30 cases (19.0%; 25 cHL, 5 NLPHL) and EBER1 in 5 of 27 cases (18.5%; 24 cHL, 3 NLPHL). The presence of Epstein-Barr virus did not correlate with c-REL protein expression (P = 1). Our results demonstrate that there is differential c-REL protein expression in cHL in comparison with NLPHL and suggest that c-REL may play a role in the pathogenesis of classic Hodgkin lymphoma.     

Expression of Bcl-2 family members and presence of Epstein-Barr virus in the regulation of cell growth and death in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma

AIMS: To examine the expression of the Bcl-2 family of proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-x, Bcl-xL and Bax) in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) and to correlate the expression of these proteins with proliferation, apoptosis and the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). METHODS AND RESULTS: Expression of the Bcl-2 family of proteins was detected by immunohistochemistry, proliferation was determined by Ki67 labelling and apoptosis by TUNEL in-situ hybridization. EBV was detected by Epstein-Barr virus early RNA (EBER) in-situ hybridization. Expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-x, Bcl-xL and Bax was detected in the Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg (H/RS) cells in 43.7% (27/62), 87.5% (56/64), 67.2% (41/61) and 74.6% (47/63) of the cHL cases, respectively. EBER was detected in 53% (35/66) of the cases, whereas Ki67 was observed in 86.7% (52/60) of the cases. Apoptotic H/RS cells were observed infrequently, and only 43.2% (11/26) of the cases showed an apoptotic index of > or = 10% in the H/RS cells. A statistically significant inverse relationship was observed between the expression of Bcl-2 and the presence of EBV (P = 0.003). Bcl-xL showed an inverse correlation with apoptosis in the H/RS cells (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: The higher Bcl-xL expression (67.2%) compared with Bcl-2 expression (43.5%) observed in cHL as well as the statistically significant inverse relationship between Bcl-xL and apoptosis suggests that Bcl-xL plays an important role in the survival of H/RS cells. Expression of Bax may be neutralized by other anti-apoptotic members of the family such as Bcl-2 and/or Bcl-xL.     

Roles of Cx43 and AKAP95 in ovarian cancer tissues in G1/S phase

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of A-kinase anchor protein 95 (AKAP95), cell cycle protein E1 (cyclinE1) and D1 (cyclinD1), and gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43) in ovarian cancer tissues, the relationship between four proteins and clinicopathologic parameters, and the correlation between these proteins. Methods: The expression of proteins in 54 cases of ovarian cancer tissues was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results: The positive expression rates of AKAP95, cyclinD1 and cyclinE1 in ovarian cancer tissues were 72.22%, 66.67% and 79.63%, respectively, which were higher than that of ovarian pericarcinoma tissues expressing as 33.33%, 25% and 8.30% (P<0.05). The positive expression rate of Cx43 in ovarian cancer tissues was 40.74%, which was lower than that of ovarian pericarcinoma tissues expressing as 75%; respectively, and the difference was statistically significant between groups (P<0.05). The expression of cyclinD1 in ovarian cancer tissues was related to the histologic type (P<0.05) while it showed no correlation with the degree of differentiation (P>0.05). Additionally, the expression of AKAP95, Cx43 and cyclinE1 in ovarian cancer tissues showed no correlation with the degree of differentiation or the histologic type (P>0.05). Protein expressions of AKAP95, Cx43 and cyclinE1 were correlated with each other (P<0.05), and the expressions of cyclinD1, cyclinE1 and Cx43 were also correlated with each other (P<0.05). However, AKAP95 and cyclinD1 showed no correlation (P>0.05). Conclusion: AKAP95, cyclinD1 and cyclinE1 play an important role in promoting the process of ovarian cancer formation. The tumor inhibitory effects of Cx43 protein on the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer were weakened. The expression of cyclinD1 in ovarian cancer tissues is related to the histologic type while it shows no correlation with the degree of differentiation. Additionally, the expression of AKAP95, Cx43 and cyclinE1 in ovarian cancer tissues shows no correlation with the degree of differentiation or the histologic type. AKAP95 expression is correlated with Cx43 and cyclinE1 expression; Cx43 expression is correlated with AKAP95, cyclinD1 and cyclinE1 expression; cyclinE1 expression is correlated with AKAP95, Cx43, cyclinD1 expression; cyclinD1 expression is correlated with Cx43 and cyclinE1 expression, while AKAP95 and cyclinD1 show no correlation.