孕期乳房的护理对提高产后母乳喂养率的影响

目的了解孕期乳房护理对提高产后母乳喂养率的影响。方法选取2013年和平区三个社区卫生服务中心的530名6个月内产妇孕产期保健管理健康档案进行调查,按照接受孕期母乳喂养指导的形式分组,比较通过孕妇学校宣教、门诊宣教与孕期接受乳房护理指导这三种方式的产妇生后第1天、产后7天、产后6个月母乳喂养情况。     

健康宣教对城市地区产妇院内母乳喂养的影响

目的 了解我国城市地区产妇接受母乳喂养健康宣教情况,分析健康教育对院内母乳喂养的影响.方法 以全国17个省32所省、市级妇幼保健院分娩的1288名产妇为研究对象,采用自填式问卷了解产妇在孕产期接受母乳喂养知识的健康宣教情况.通过(χ2检验比较母乳喂养组和混合/人工喂养组产妇接受健康教育情况差异,采用Logistic回归控制社会人口学特征等影响,分析医院健康宣教与早期母乳喂养行为的相关性.结果 入院前接受过医院母乳喂养宣传者占78.9%,98.5%的产妇在入院后接受了本院母乳喂养宣教.排除年龄、文化程度、家庭收入及接受宣教意愿的影响,入院前接受医院宣教者更容易采取母乳喂养行为,OR=1.55(95%CI:1.04~2.32).入院后随母乳喂养宣教次数增加,产妇进行母乳喂养的可能性增加(OR=1.36,95%CI:1.15~1.61).结论 积极开展从孕期到产后的母乳喂养健康宣教,增加产后宣教次数,将有利于产妇母乳喂养的成功.     

孕妇学校健康教育的效果分析

目的 探讨孕妇学校健康教育的效果,以便合理设置健康教育的内容,来满足孕妇及家属日益增长的孕产期保健知识需求,保障孕产妇安全顺利地度过整个孕产期.方法 分析在本院进行产前检查并参加孕妇学校接受规范健康教育和孕期锻炼的初产妇140例为教育组,同时期未参加孕妇学校只进行常规健康教育的初产妇140例为未教育组,观察两组围生保健知识知晓率、分娩情况及纯母乳喂养率.结果 参加孕妇学校的孕产妇围生保健知识知晓率为92.1 %、自然分娩率为72.3 %、分娩后7、28 d纯母乳喂养率均高于未教育组;总产程时间为(6.4±3.2)h、产后2 h出血量为(158±34.5)ml,均少于未教育组,差异有统计学意义.结论 孕妇学校提供的规范化孕期健康教育和孕期锻炼指导满足了孕产妇及家属对围生保健知识的需求,增强了孕产妇的自我保健意识,有利于产妇顺利度过孕期和产褥期,促进母婴健康.     

新生儿院内纯母乳喂养情况及其影响因素分析

【目的】 了解我国城市地区新生儿院内纯母乳喂养情况及孕产情况、产后医院护理行为对院内纯母乳喂养的影响。【方法】 以全国32所省、市级妇幼保健院的1 288例产妇为研究对象,采用单因素和Logistic回归法分析产妇出院前24 h内母乳喂养情况及影响院内纯母乳喂养的可能因素。 【结果】 出院前产妇的纯母乳喂养率为46.6%。文化程度高、家庭收入高对纯母乳喂养有负性作用;生后半小时早开奶、生后第1天母乳喂养、不添加糖水对纯母乳喂养是正性作用。 【结论】 积极贯彻爱婴医院的措施,开展有针对性的母乳喂养干预,将有利于促进住院期间母乳喂养成功。     

妇产科护理中孕期健康教育的临床效果探讨

目的:研究妇产科护理中孕期健康教育的临床效果,服务于临床。方法:纳入2014年1月至2016年4月入我院妇产科门诊进行产前诊断的孕产妇850人,随机分为两组,对照组400进行常规产前检查和产前护理,教育组450人在常规检查个产前护理的基础上,开展综合反复的孕期健康教育,比较两组孕产妇的自然分娩率、母乳喂养率、产后泌乳时间、产后2小时泌乳量、产后48小时泌乳量及产妇满意度。结果:教育组孕产妇自然分娩率78.22%、母乳喂养率86.44%、产后泌乳时间20.87±2.51小时、产后2小时泌乳量1.79±0.42L、产后48小时泌乳量2.41±0.25L,产妇满意度4.75分;对照组孕产妇自然分娩率57.00%、母乳喂养率54.75%、产后泌乳时间25.76±2.32小时、产后2小时泌乳量1.41±0.38L、产后48小时泌乳量1.92±0.48L,产妇满意度3.80分。结论:妇产科护理中孕期健康教育对于提高自然分娩率和促进母乳喂养,增加泌乳量、提高产妇满意度具有积极意义,值得推广。     

围生期健康教育对提升孕产妇健康素养与母乳喂养自我效能感的价值研究

目的观察健康教育对提升孕产妇健康素养与母乳喂养自我效能感的效果,为完善围生期孕产妇健康宣教方案提供参考依据。方法将2018年1月-2020年1月在该院产科建档行孕期保健及分娩的208例孕28周孕妇作为研究对象,按照入组顺序编号,经数字随机表法分为对照组和观察组,每组104例。两组孕妇均行围生期常规保健及健康宣教,观察组孕妇再予以围生期健康教育。两组产妇均观察随访至分娩后42 d。对两组孕妇入组时、产后1周采用母乳喂养自我效能量表(BSES)进行母乳喂养自我效能感测评并行组间比较,采用孕产妇健康素养测评表对孕妇入组时、产后42 d行健康素养测评并行组间比较。收集两组产妇产后1周、产后42 d母乳喂养方式构成并行组间比较。收集两组产妇产后至42 d内产后并发症并行组间比较。结果两组孕妇在入组时母乳喂养技巧、产妇心理活动两个维度及BSES总评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);产后1周两组产妇上述指标均较入组时明显上升,且观察组产妇明显高于对照组(P0.05);两组孕妇入组时功能性健康素养、沟通性健康素养、批判性健康素养及总评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05),产后42 d两组产妇各维度及总评分均较入组时上升,且观察组产妇明显高于对照组(P0.05);观察组产妇产后1周、产后42 d纯母乳喂养率均高于对照组(P0.05);观察组产妇产后并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论围生期健康教育可明显提升孕产妇健康素养、改善其健康行为、母乳喂养自我效能感,促进母乳喂养成功率,降低产妇并发症发生率,利于产妇及新生儿身心健康,是一种适合围生期孕产妇健康宣教的模式,具有较高的临床价值。     

孕期健康教育的内容及作用

目的探讨孕期健康教育的内容及孕期健康教育对孕妇在孕期、产时及母乳喂养中的作用。方法随机抽取在我院产科住院分娩的产妇400例，其中200例经过孕妇学校的培训为观察组，未参加孕期培训的200例为对照组。比较两组剖宫产率、经阴道分娩率、母乳分泌时间、新生儿护理及喂养知识。结果观察组剖宫产率显著降低，初乳分泌比对照组显著提前。结论孕期健康教育能提高经阴道分娩率，促进支持母乳喂养，提高母乳喂养率，使年轻的爸爸、妈妈正确掌握护理新生儿的方法及技巧。     

浦东新区爱婴医院母乳喂养情况调查

目的:了解当前爱婴医院内产后母乳喂养情况,探讨影响新生儿母乳喂养的相关因素,有针对性地指导母乳喂养,以提高出院后母乳喂养率。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取7家爱婴医院350名产妇及新生儿,设计调查问卷,对其进行母乳喂养调查。结果:产妇中93.14%(326/350)在医院接受过母乳喂养教育,其中以孕妇学校宣教比例最高,产后病房宣教比例最低;母乳喂养率61.42%,混合喂养30.86%;自然分娩者母乳喂养率高于手术分娩者(P0.01);未使用奶瓶喂养婴儿的母乳喂养率高于使用奶瓶者(P0.01);开展早接触、早吸吮者母乳喂养率高于未开展者(P0.05);78.52%的产妇添加代乳品的原因是觉得乳汁不够,58.52%的添加代乳品行为由产妇本人决定。结论:爱婴医院内母乳喂养工作还有待加强,影响母乳喂养的相关因素有分娩方式、开奶前是否使用奶瓶、是否进行早吸吮、早接触等。加强爱婴医院管理,积极开展产前、产时、产后各环节的母乳喂养健康教育,提高产妇的母乳喂养意识及掌握实用技巧,对于提高母乳喂养成功率有积极影响。     

孕期健康教育是促进母乳喂养成功的重要途径

我院自创建爱婴医院以来,坚持举办孕妇学校,开展了以母乳喂养为中心的健康教育,以提高母乳喂养率,本文就健康教育对孕妇心理及行为的影响进行探讨。 资料与方法 对来我院进行孕期保健的531名孕妇及457名丈夫采用播放母乳喂养的录像片,用参与式的教育方法分小组讨论、母亲角色的扮演、答疑等形式,进行母乳喂养宣教,并在教育前后利用统一自制的母乳喂养知识问卷进行现场调查评估(“问卷一”为接受教育前填写;“问卷二”为接受教育后填写)。将所获资料全部输     

孕期健康教育的临床价值

目的 探讨规范化孕期健康教育的内容及其对降低剖宫产率、缩短产程时间以及促进母乳喂养的作用.方法 随机抽取我院自2010年1月-2012年12月住院分娩产妇1 344例分为两组,其中参加孕妇学校培训的669例为观察组,未参加孕期健康教育培训的675例为对照组,比较两组的剖宫产率(P＜0.05)、产程时间和初乳分泌时间.结果 实验组剖宫产率、各产程时间比对照组显著降低,初乳分泌时间比对照组显著提前.结论 孕期健康教育能降低剖宫产率,促进自然分娩,缩短总产程,提高母乳喂养率.     

健康宣教对剖宫产产妇院内纯母乳喂养的影响

目的 研究健康宣教对剖宫产产妇院内纯母乳喂养的影响,为更好地提高剖宫产术后母乳喂养成功率提供参考。方法 以824名剖宫产产妇为研究对象,采用自填式问卷收集一般情况、院内纯母乳喂养情况、健康宣教及母乳喂养认知水平。结果 剖宫产产妇院内纯母乳喂养率为64.7%。分别有80.3%和93.8%在入院前、后接受了宣教,但仅有32.9%的剖宫产产妇对母乳喂养认知水平达到熟悉。调整社会人口统计学等信息后,入院前接受宣传次数≥4次、入院后接受宣教的次数≥4次的剖宫产产妇院内纯母乳喂养的比例较高,其OR值(95%CI)分别为2.27(1.50~3.42)和3.75(2.02~6.97);母乳喂养认知水平达到熟悉的剖宫产产妇院内纯母乳喂养的可能性较大(OR=3.39,95%CI:2.17~5.28)。结论 对剖宫产产妇进行全面系统的母乳喂养知识宣教及指导,加强对母乳喂养认知水平的提高将是促进剖宫产产妇母乳喂养成功的重要手段。     

孕妇妊娠期糖尿病和孕期体重增长对0~6个月纯母乳喂养影响的交互作用研究

目的 探讨苏州地区0~6个月母乳喂养情况和相关影响因素,分析孕妇妊娠期糖尿病和孕期体重增长对母乳喂养的交互作用。 方法 选取2016年6月—2020年3月在苏州某医院就诊及分娩的4 256例符合入选标准的孕产妇作为研究对象。收集孕产妇基本情况、孕前体重、分娩前体重、分娩情况以及孕期妊娠糖尿病患病情况,并计算孕期体重变化。通过电话结合产后访视调查产后0~6个月母乳喂养情况。采用多因素logistic回归模型探索母乳喂养的影响因素,并通过Bootstrap方法分析孕妇妊娠期糖尿病和孕期体重增长对母乳喂养的交互作用。 结果 纳入研究的孕产妇平均年龄为(29.52±8.74)岁。15.20%的孕产妇患有妊娠糖尿病;14.80%的孕产妇孕期体重增长不足,而42.55%增长过度;57.38%的研究对象产后6个月内采取母乳喂养。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄在25岁以上(OR=1.68~3.82)、高中以上学历(OR=1.83~2.23)、足月生产孕产妇(OR=1.84)更倾向于母乳喂养,而孕前超重及肥胖(超重OR=0.82;肥胖OR=0.82)、有再次分娩意愿(OR=0.67)、妊娠期糖尿病(OR=0.61)及妊娠期体重增长过高(OR=0.61)或者过低者(OR=0.63)母乳喂养率更低。交互作用分析显示,并发妊娠糖尿病及孕期体重增长过低或过高者母乳喂养水平显著低于未患妊娠糖尿病且孕期体重增长正常者,交互作用指数为1.67(1.01,4.97)(P=0.02)。 结论 并发妊娠糖尿病及妊娠期体重增长过低或过高均为影响母乳喂养的重要因素,且二者存在相加交互作用。     

Effectiveness of professional breastfeeding home-support

The effect of professional home-support on the success of breastfeeding was investigated to determine whether breastfeeding women who received professional home-support would breastfeed longer than similar women who did not receive this support. Fifty-two volunteers of lower socio-economic status were recruited for this study from four obstetrical clinics and were randomly assigned to an intervention or a comparison group. Both groups received the standard clinic and in-hospital breastfeeding teaching and were given breastfeeding instruction in the hospital by the researcher. The women in the intervention group received, in addition, an average of seven home breastfeeding support contacts by the researcher over two months postpartum, and were provided with the researcher's phone number. Women in the comparison group did not receive home visits but had access to the clinic nutritionist if any questions or problems arose.More than half (61.5%) of the intervention group subjects were still breastfeeding at two months post-partum versus approximately one-third (34.6%) of the comparison group (p < 0.01). These results suggest that professional home breastfeeding support programs may be effective in increasing the duration of breastfeeding among this population, thereby achieving one of the Surgeon General’s health objectives.     

Assessment of effects of pre- and post-training programme for healthcare professionals about breastfeeding

This retrospective study assessed the effects of pre- and post-training programme for healthcare professionals about breastfeeding. The study included 3,114 mothers who had children aged 1-72 month(s). Their knowledge and behaviours relating to breastfeeding were evaluated. The mothers were randomly divided into two groups: the 'before' group included 2,000 women who were not informed about breastfeeding, and the 'after' group comprised 1,114 women who had been informed about breastfeeding. 56.2% and 66.1% of the mothers started breastfeeding within 30 minutes after delivery, respectively, in the before and the after group (chi2 = 29.31, p < 0.001). 16.7% and 36.5% gave exclusive breastfeeding for six months (chi2 = 72.85, p < 0.001), and 28.5% and 23.7% stopped breastfeeding within the first five months (chi2 = 17.20, p = 0.002). Ninety-four percent delivered in a hospital or in a primary healthcare centre. Therefore, prenatal and postnatal breastfeeding education and support courses may improve a woman's chance of starting and continuing to breastfeed her baby. In terms of the number of antenatal check-ups, since the differences between the two groups were significant (chi2 = 390.67, p = 0.000), the importance of the training programme about breastfeeding was highlighted. Follow-up interventions after training are suggested.     

How Baby-Friendly are Manitoba hospitals? The Provincial Infant Feeding Study. Breastfeeding Promotion Steering Committee of Manitoba

The Breastfeeding Promotion Steering Committee of Manitoba conducted the cross-sectional Provincial Infant Feeding Study in 1996 to examine: correlation between breastfeeding policies and actual practices in Manitoba hospitals; compliance with Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) criteria; and associations between hospital practices and two-week breastfeeding duration. Three separate surveys obtained information from: administrators concerning hospital policy; nursing staff concerning hospital practices; and all women giving birth in a five-week period, concerning breastfeeding rates and maternal perceptions of hospital practices. The results highlighted the need for policy and practice changes to comply with BFHI criteria. 92% initiated breastfeeding, and 84% were breastfeeding at two weeks postpartum. Independent predictors of weaning included: in-hospital supplementation (adjusted RR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.02-4.36, p = 0.04); temporarily interrupting breastfeeding while in hospital (adjusted RR = 4.9, 95% CI 2.7-8.9, p = 0.0001); no previous breastfeeding experience (adjusted RR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.4, p = 0.002); and Grade 12 or less maternal education.     

产科护理人员对妊娠合并症产妇母乳喂养认识的护理体会

目的：探讨产科护理人员对妊娠合并症产妇母乳喂养认识的护理措施及效果。方法我院70例妊娠合并症产妇参照母乳喂养认知度评量表对产妇的母乳喂养认知度进行调查统计,基于调查结果对产科护理人员进行专项知识培训,后按照数字抽签法将其随机分为研究组与对照组,每组35例,研究组合并症产妇围产期在常规护理的基础上行系统的健康教育与心理护理指导,对照组妊娠合并症产妇围产期仅行常规护理与健康宣讲,护理后对两组产妇进行母乳喂养知识认知度评量,统计对比两组产妇的母乳喂养落实效果。结果研究组总掌握率为91.4%,对照组为71.4%,高于对照组,组间比较差异显著（P〈0.05）;研究组母乳喂养率为94.3%,对照组为74.3%,高于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论在常规护理指导的基础上对妊娠合并症产妇进行系统心理指导与健康教育干预,有助于提升产妇母乳喂养认知度与母乳喂养率,可以进行推广应用。     

城市流动人口产后开奶时间及其影响因素分析

目的了解城市流动人口产妇开奶时间及其影响因素．促进母乳喂养的成功。方法采用统一的调查问卷收集资料，应用SPSS13．0统计软件对数据进行描述性和决策树分析。结果在被调查的3029例5岁以下流动儿童的看护人中，81．84％为流动儿童的母亲；89．00％在医院分娩；77．22％为初中及以下文化程度。开奶时间的影响因素有孩子出生地点、孩子出生城市、看护人对母乳喂养的认知以及看护人的文化程度。结论流动人口产后早开奶率低（24．38％）。建议卫生部门加大宣传初乳和早开奶的好处。加强医院对早开奶的产前宣教和产后指导，达到爱婴医院要求的标准。     

Moving Beyond Breastfeeding Initiation: A Qualitative Study Unpacking Factors That Influence Infant Feeding at Hospital Discharge Among Urban,Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Women

BackgroundFactors that influence breastfeeding initiation and duration have been well established; however, there is limited understanding of in-hospital exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), which is critical for establishing breastfeeding. Grady Memorial Hospital, which serves a high proportion of participants receiving Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and racial/ethnic minorities, had an in-hospital EBF rate in 2018 by the Joint Commission’s definition of 29% and sought contextualized evidence on how to best support breastfeeding mothers.ObjectiveThe objectives were to (1) identify facilitators and barriers to in-hospital EBF and (2) explore breastfeeding support available from key stakeholders across the social-ecological model.DesignIn-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis.ParticipantsThe sample included a total of 38 purposively sampled participants from Grady Memorial Hospital (10 EBF mothers, 10 non-EBF, and 18 key stakeholders such as clinicians, community organizations’ staff, and administrators).ResultsKey themes included that maternal perception of inadequate milk supply was a barrier to in-hospital EBF at the intrapersonal level. At the interpersonal level, a personable and individualized approach to breastfeeding counseling may be most effective in supporting EBF. At the institutional level, key determinants of EBF were gaps in prenatal breastfeeding education, limited time to provide comprehensive prenatal education to high-risk patients, and practical help with latching and positioning. Community-level WIC services were perceived as a facilitator due to the additional benefits provided for EBF mothers; however, the distribution of WIC vouchers for formula to mothers while they are in the hospital undermines the promotion of EBF. Cultural norms and a diverse patient population were reported as barriers to providing support at the macrosystem level.ConclusionMultipronged approaches that span the social-ecological model may be required to support early EBF in hospital settings.     

深圳市6个月内婴儿母亲纯母乳喂养知信行及手机利用需求调查

目的 了解深圳市6个月内婴儿母亲纯母乳喂养知信行情况,并根据婴儿母亲手机利用需求提出方便、有效、可行、易于接受的有针对性的健康教育干预措施.方法 随机抽取在深圳市3个区妇幼保健院儿保科进行6个月内儿童常规体检的婴儿母亲1000名进行问卷调查.结果 6个月内纯母乳喂养率为61.2%,非纯母乳喂养主要原因为自述母乳不足(42.01%),按需哺乳知识知晓率最低(47.7%),母乳喂养知识主要来源为医务人员(50.1%),纯母乳喂养组与非纯母乳喂养组在母乳喂养信心(χ2=7.131,P=0.008)、家人支持(χ2=5.648,P=0.017)、开奶时间(χ2=45.083,P<0.01)、母婴同室(χ2=19.765,P<0.01)、夜间哺乳(χ2=15.666,P<0.01)方面比较,差异有统计学意义.调查显示86.8%的婴儿母亲愿意通过手机接收母乳喂养知识.结论 为进一步提高6个月内纯母乳喂养率,医务人员应加强母乳喂养宣教,鼓励产妇家属共同参与,增强产妇母乳喂养信心,用工单位提供便利支持母乳喂养,医院落实爱婴医院政策,发挥手机快捷、互动平台作用进行母乳喂养健康教育干预.