人核糖体蛋白S13(RPS13)编码基因的克隆及其正反义核酸转染胃癌细胞的初步研究

目的：扩增人核糖体蛋白S13（RPS13）编码基因序列，构建其正，反义真核表达载体，分别转染胃癌细胞SGC7901及胃癌耐药细胞SGC7901/VCR，以进一步研究RPS13基因与胃癌多药耐药的关系。方法：采用RT-PCR法扩增RPS13cDNA片段编码区全长序列，利用DNA重组技术的建正，反义真核表达载体，经脂质体介导转染胃癌细胞SGC7901及胃癌耐药细胞SGC7901/VCR，筛选正，反义基因稳定转染细胞，RNA斑点杂交法检测正，反义稳定转染细胞mRNA水平的变化。结果：从高表达RPS13的SGC7901/VCR耐药细胞中提取细胞总RNA，RT-PCR法成功扩增了RPS13cDNA片段编码区全长序列，并经测序证实；目的基因因按正，反两个方向亚克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1( ),并经酶切鉴定证实；经脂质体介导将正义真核表达载体转染SGC7901细胞，反义真核表达载体转染SGC7901/VCR细胞，G418筛选获得稳定转染细胞；RNA斑点杂交试验证实；正义稳定转染细胞RPS13mRNA水平上调，反义稳定转染细胞RPS13mRNA水平下调。结论：成功克隆了人RPS13编码基因序列，并构建了其正，反义真核表达载体，在胃癌细胞系SGC7901及长春新碱耐药细胞SGC7901/VCR中得到稳定转染细胞，正义转染细胞中RPS13mRNA表达明显增加，反义转染细胞中表达明显受抑。     

反义核酸抑制胃癌细胞Bcl-2表达

本文采用分子克隆技术成功地构建了反义核酸表达载体pDOR-Bcl-2 cDNA.以脂质体介导法将重组反义核酸表达载体转染受体细胞SGC7901,并经C418筛选,从2×10~5细胞中筛选出大约150个抗性克隆,转导率大于1‰,随机挑选2个克隆继续筛选与扩增培养,获得了1株稳定的抗性细胞,从而建立了Bcl-2表达阻断的胃癌细胞株,我们命名为7901anBcl-2 cells.通过Southern印迹法、Northern印迹法、Western印迹法检测显示,转导株与非转导株均有Bcl-2 cDNA的表达,但转导株Bcl-2 mRNA及蛋白的表达明显低于非转导株.说明在胃癌细胞中Bcl-2基因处于高表达状态,通过真核表达载体介导的转染,反义Bcl-2可成功地导入胃癌细胞,并有效地阻断Bcl-2表达.     

反义survivin核酸增强胃癌细胞对多西他赛敏感性及其逆转耐药机制的探讨

目的探讨反义survivin核酸(anti-pcDNA3-svv)对胃癌细胞系SGC7901的凋亡诱导和化疗增敏作用,及其与多药耐药基因(mdr-1)的相关性。方法采用电转染法转染胃癌细胞系SGC7901,并筛选阳性克隆。以Western blot法检测survivin蛋白的表达,用透射电镜观察转染后对SGC7901的凋亡诱导作用,RT-PCR检测mdr-1 mRNA的表达,MTT法检测转染细胞对多西他赛的敏感性。诱导SGC7901细胞耐药,检测耐药mdr-1和survivin的表达。结果转染anti-pcDNA3-svv的SGC7901细胞中,survivin蛋白表达较未转染组明显降低;透射电镜下,转染组细胞呈凋亡晚期变化;转染组的mdr-1 mRNA较未转染组明显降低,转染组与未转染组的MDR指数分别为0.196±0.013和3.126±O.019;转染组多西他赛的IC50值为(16.7±1.98)μg/L,而未转染组为(55.7±1.89)μg/L,差异有统计学意义。耐药SGC7901细胞的survivin mRNA表达随着mdr-1 mRNA表达增加而明显增强。结论反义survivin核酸可诱导SGC7901细胞凋亡,增强多西他赛化疗敏感性,其逆转耐药的机制与mdr-1低表达有关。     

RPL6/Taxreb107在胃癌耐药细胞系SGC7901/ADR中的差异表达及其与MDR相关性的初步研究

目的 探讨BPL6／Taxreb107在胃癌耐药细胞系SGC7901／ADR与胃癌细胞系SGC7901的差异表达,以及与胃癌多药耐药(MDR)的相关性。方法 提取SGC7901和SGC7901/ADR细胞系总RNA;采用内对照RT-PCR检测RPL6基因和Northem杂交、基因克隆与表达、真核表达载体的构建;以电穿孔法基因转染;以流式细胞仪检测瞬时转染细胞的阿霉素蓄积和潴留。结果 内对照RT-PCR和Northern杂交证实RPL6/Taxreb 107在SGC7901/ADR中高表达。将PCR产物克隆人pUCm-T载体并经测序证实。构建正义和反义真核表达载体(pcDNA3．1)并经酶切鉴定证实后,以电穿孔法将正义真核表达载体转入SGC7901,反义真核表达载体转入SGC7901／ADR。转染48h后检测转染细胞的阿霉素蓄积和潴留,结果提示RPI6／Taxreb107转入细胞后对细胞的耐药性有影响。结论 BPI6／Taxreb107在耐药胃癌细胞中高表达,对胃癌的MDR有影响。     

蛋白激酶C同工酶PKC-α及PKC-βⅠ在胃癌及其耐药细胞中的表达和功能

目的：探讨蛋白激酶C（PKC）不同的同工酶亚型在胃癌细胞多药耐药中的作用。方法应用免疫组织化学、激光共聚焦显微镜及Western blot,观察传统型PKC（cPKCs)的PKC-α与PKC－βⅠ在胃癌细胞SGC7901及其不同剂长春新碱（VCR0．3,0．7,1．0mg/L)诱导的耐药细胞SGC7901／VCR中的表达与分布;以阿霉素（AMD）为指示剂,通过流式细胞仪检测PKC-αP与PKC－βⅠ的相应抗体对SGC7901／VCR细胞内药物蓄积浓度的影响。结果（1）KC-α在SGC7901呈阳性表达;在SGC7901／VCR呈强阳性,其表达强度随耐药剂量的增加而呈增加趋势。（2）PKC－βⅠ在SGC7901及其不同耐药剂量的耐药细胞SGC7901／VCR中均呈弱阳性有表达,相互之间差异无显著性。（3）以ADM为荧光指示剂,通过流式细胞仪检测显示,SGC7901／VCR细胞内药物浓度比SGC7901明显降低,并且随耐药剂量的增加而呈逐渐减少趋势;SGC7901／VCR细胞内药物浓度比SGC7901明显降低,并且随耐药剂量的增加而呈逐渐减少趋势,SGC7901／VCR与抗PKC-α抗体共同孵育后,其细胞内ADM蓄积增加,而与抗PKC－βⅠ抗体共同孵育后,其细胞内ADM浓度无明显变化。结论胃癌细胞SGC701／VCR的耐药机制可能与PKC-α有关,而与PKC－βⅠ无明显相关性。     

Af116609基因对胃癌细胞系SGC7901/VCR耐药性的影响

目的 研究Af116609基因转染胃癌耐药细胞系SGC7901／VCR后,对胃癌细胞耐药性的影响。方法 采用RT-PCR法克隆Af116609基因,用Northern blot检测其差异表达,以基因转染技术调节其表达,通过体外药敏实验观察其对胃癌耐药表型的影响。结果 从胃癌耐药细胞SGC7901／VCR中克隆到Af116609基因的CDS序列327bp,该序列与GenBank登录的一致。Northern blot结果显示,该基因在耐药细胞高表达。体外药敏实验发现,转染正义真核表达载体的药敏细胞中该基因上调,对长春新碱、5-氟脲嘧啶和阿糖胞苷的耐药性增加,而对阿霉素的抗性有损害,对氨甲喋呤的抗性无明显影响;转染反义真核表达载体的耐药细胞中该基因下调,对上述5种药物的抗性均减弱。结论 Af116609基因与胃癌MDR表型相关,可作为逆转胃癌MDR的候选靶分子。     

HSP90β在细胞中的表达水平与化疗敏感性的相关研究

目的:了解胃癌细胞SGC7901及其耐药细胞SGC7901/VCR中HSP90β蛋白的表达,与化疗药物敏感性的关系及降低细胞HSP90β蛋白的表达是否影响化疗药物的敏感性.方法:用免疫组化法检测胃癌细胞SGC7901及其耐药细胞SGC7901/VCR中HSP90β蛋白的表达.MTT法测定SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR细胞及其相应的HSP90β蛋白低表达细胞AH-SGC7901和AH-SGC7901/VCR对化疗药物的敏感性,流式细胞仪测定细胞内药物含量.结果:SGC7901/VCR细胞HSP90β蛋白的表达高于SGC7901细胞.SGC7901/VCR细胞对ADM、VCR、MMC和CTX的IC50分别为0.398、1.25、0.199和3 981.07μg/ml.SGC7901对ADM、VCR、MMC及CTX的IC50分别为1.58×10-6、1.99×10-3、3.1×10-2及630μg/ml.SGC7901/VCR相对于SGC7901细胞对ADM、VCR、MMC和CTX的耐药指数分别为2.52×105、6.28×102、6.42和6.32 AH-SGC7901和AH-SGC7901/VCR对化疗药物的敏感性显著提高.与相应的亲本细胞相比,AH-SGC7901对ADM、VCR和MMC的敏感性分别提高了10、10 000和24.8倍,对CTX无显著变化AH-SGC7901/VCR对ADM、VCR、MMC和CTX的敏感性分别提高了3.98、6.28、3.15和5.01倍.AH-SGC7901和AH-SGC7901/VCR的阿霉素荧光强度较其相应的亲本细胞显著增强(P＜0.05).结论:降低胃癌细胞HSP90β蛋白的表达可提高它们对化疗药物的敏感性.     

二藤散结方对SGC7901/VCR的多药耐药影响及与P-gp表达的关系

目的 观察二藤散结方对人胃癌多药耐药细胞SGC7901/VCR的影响及与P-糖蛋白(P-gp)表达的关系.方法 体外培养SGC7901/VCR,采用MTT法、流式细胞仪、免疫组化法检测二藤散结方对SGC7901/VCR的影响及与细胞膜P-gp表达的关系.结果 二藤散结方能逆转SGC7901/VCR的多药耐药性,增加SGC7901/VCR细胞内ADM浓度,下调SGC7901/VCR细胞膜P-gp的表达.结论 二藤散结方能逆转SGC7901/VCR的多药耐药性,逆转机制与细胞膜P-gp表达减弱有关.     

ZNRD1小干扰RNA对HL-60/VCR细胞耐药性逆转的研究

目的:探讨转录相关锌带蛋白基因(zincribbondomaincontaining1protein,ZNRD1)作为靶分子进行白血病多药耐药基因治疗的可行性。方法:Westernblot检测ZNRD1在白血病细胞中的表达;构建ZNRD1基因的小干扰RNA载体并将其转导入HL60/VCR细胞,G418筛选稳定转染细胞株;MTT法检测细胞转染前后生长速度和药物敏感性的变化;Westernblot检测细胞转染前后凋亡相关蛋白bcl2、Bax和耐药相关蛋白Pgp、MRP的表达变化。结果:ZNRD1在HL60/VCR细胞中的表达明显高于HL60细胞;成功建立了低表达ZNRD1的白血病细胞模型;转染后的细胞对长春新碱和阿霉素的敏感性增强,且低表达Pgp和bcl2。结论:该小干扰RNA真核表达载体能在一定程度上逆转了白血病细胞的耐药性。     

Overexpression of ZNRD1 promotes multidrug-resistant phenotype of gastric cancer cells through upregulation of P-glycoprotein

ZNRD1, a new zinc ribbon gene, has been previously identified as an upregulated gene in a multidrug-resistant gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/VCR comparing to its parental cell SGC7901 by subtractive hybridization and RT-PCR. The antisense nucleic acid for ZNRD1 could enhance adriamycin accumulation in SGC7901/VCR cells and sensitize SGC7901/VCR cells to vincristine. The present study aims to explore the role of ZNRD1 in multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells. Upregulation of ZNRD1 protein in SGC7901/VCR cells was confirmed by Western blot and immunocytochmical staining. ZNRD1 was genetically overexpressed in SGC7901 cells by gene transfection. It was found that overexpression of ZNRD1 could sensitize SGC7901 cells to P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-related anticancer drugs (vincristine, adriamycin, etoposide) but not to P-gp-nonrelated drugs (5-fluorouracil and cisplatin), which was accompanied with significantly decreased adriamycin accumulation and retention and increased adriamycin releasing in SGC7901 cells. Verapamil, an inhibitor for P-gp, could reverse the effects of ZNRD1 on drug sensitivity and drug accumulation in SGC7901 cells to a great extent. Western blot and Northern blot revealed that overexpression of ZNRD1 could upregulate P-gp at both protein and mRNA levels. Together, these results suggest that overexpression of ZNRD1 could promote multidrug-resistant phenotype of gastric cancer cells through upregulation of P-gp.     

胃癌耐药细胞特异性结合小肽对多药耐药的影响

目的 研究环九肽（SY1）与胃癌耐药细胞（SGC7901／VCR）的结合特性及其对胃癌耐药性的逆转作用。方法 将细胞分为SGC7901和SGC7901／VCR2组培养。以无关噬菌体、阴性噬菌体为对照组,用免疫荧光技术检测含有SY1的阳性噬菌体与SGC7901／VCR的结合特性;通过体外药敏试验（MTT）分析含有SY1的阳性噬菌体和化学合成的SY1对SGC7901／VCR耐药性的改变;应用流式细胞仪检测在SY1作用下SGC7901／VCR细胞内阿霉素（ADM）的蓄积和储留。结果 （1）免疫荧光分析的结果显示,含有SY1的阳性噬菌体能够结合于SGC7901／VCR的膜表面,而不与亲本细胞SGC7901结合,无关噬菌体和阴性噬菌体均不与SGC7901／VCR结合,表明SY1可与SGC7901／VCR特异性结合。（2）MTT试验结果显示,在含有SY1的阳性噬菌体及化学合成的SY1的作用下,SGC7901／VCR的存活率显著降低（P〈0．05）,其对长春新碱的耐药性降低。（3）在化学合成的SY1作用下,SGC7901／VCR细胞内ADM的储留蓄积高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论 利用环七肽库差减筛选得到的环九肽SY1不仅能与SGC7901／VCR特异性结合,而且可部分逆转其对长春新碱的耐药性。这可能为胃癌多药耐药的逆转提供新思路。     

P-糖蛋白、谷胱甘肽-s转移酶的表达与胃癌细胞耐药的关系研究

目的初步探索胃癌多药耐药细胞系SGC7901／VCR的耐药机制。方法间歇诱导法,胃癌细胞系SGC7901经长春新碱（VCR）短时间诱导后,对长春新碱产生耐药。MTT法检测对VCR、5-氟尿嘧啶、表阿霉索的耐药性。Western blot检测P-糖蛋白（P—glucoprotein,P—gp）、谷胱甘肽-s转移酶（ghtathione—s transferring enzyme,GST—s）的表达。结果耐药细胞SGC7901／VCR对长春新碱耐药提高16．56倍,此耐药株同时对5-氟尿嘧啶、表阿霉素呈交叉耐药,耐药指数分别达6．9、13．05。SGC7901／VCR的P—gP、GST—s出现表达增强。结论长春新碱短时间诱导后,SGC7901产生多药耐药性（multi—drug resistance,MDR）,且P—gp、GST—s表达增强。反之,抑制P—gP、GsT—s蛋白的表达,则有可能降低细胞耐药从而逆转胃癌MDR。     

胃癌细胞耐药相关蛋白质分子的差异展示

目的 寻找新的胃癌细胞耐药相关蛋白质分子,阐明肿瘤耐药的新机制。方法 以胃癌细胞SGC7901和长春新碱诱导的耐药胃癌细胞SGC7901／VCR为研究对象,用固相化pH梯度等电聚焦的二维聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术展示并比较两种细胞表达的所有蛋白质,凝胶银染法显示耐药与非耐药细胞差异表达的蛋白质分子。结果 在两张银染的凝胶蛋白质图谱上,均有680个可辨识的蛋白质点,绝大多数蛋白点在位置、形状和密度上是一致的。在耐药细胞蛋白质二维电泳图谱中,发现有30个明显差异的蛋白点,并初步确定了其等电点和分子量。其中3个蛋白点表达量很高,但在非耐药细胞中未出现;6个蛋白点丰度明显上调;19个蛋白点丰度明显下调;2个蛋白点在耐药细胞中未出现,但在非耐药细胞中高表达。结论 胃癌耐药细胞中差异表达的蛋白质分子可能与其长春新碱耐药机制相关。     

Reversal of multidrug resistance of gastric cancer cells by downregulation of TSG101 with TSG101siRNA

We have previously identified tumor susceptibility gene101 (TSG101), overexpressed in vincristine-resistant human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line SGC7901/VCR using a modified subtractive hybridization method and Western blot. In the present study, we constructed two siRNA eukaryotic expression vectors of TSG101 and transfected them into SGC7901/VCR cells to examine whether the down-regulation of TSG101 increased cell sensitivity towards chemotherapeutic drugs. After transfection, the expression of TSG101 was dramatically decreased in TSG101 siRNA transfectants compared with that in parental cells and empty vector control cells. The down-regulation of TSG101 could significantly enhance the sensitivity of SGC7901/VCR cells to vincristine and adriamycin. The capacity of cells to efflux adriamycin markedly decreased in TSG101 siRNA transfectants. These observations suggested that the siRNA constructs of TSG101 we made could effectively down-regulate the expression of TSG101 and reverse the resistant phenotype of gastric cancer cells. The preliminary study suggested that TSG101 might play an important role in multidrug resistance of gastric carcinoma.     

Overexpression of sorcin results in multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells with up-regulation of P-gp

Sorcin, a calcium-binding protein was found up-regulated in the vincristine-induced multi-drug resistance (MDR) gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/VCR, over its parental SGC7901 cells in our previous proteomic studies. The present study explored the role and mechanism of sorcin in the development of MDR in gastric cancer. We constructed the recombinant plasmids FLAG-sorsin-pcDNA3.1 containing the full open reading frame of sorcin and a FLAG affinity tag. Overexpression of sorcin by gene transfection was able to confer drug resistance to vincristine, adriamycin, taxol and 5-fluorouracil in SGC7901 cells. Down-regulation of sorcin expression by sorcin antisense oligonucleutides, (ASO) increased sensitivity to vincristine. The intracellular concentration of vincristine in SGC7901 cells decreased in sorcin transfected cells and increased in sorcin ASO-transfected cells, indicating that sorcin had a direct or indirect function on pumping the drug out of cells. Overexpression of sorcin up-regulated the expression of P-gp and P-gp inhibitor verapamil partially reversed the sorcin-mediated MDR in SGC7901 cell, suggesting that regulation of P-gp might be one of the mechanisms of sorcin-mediated MDR. The further study of the interaction protein of sorcin may be helpful for understanding the mechanisms of MDR in gastric cancer and developing possible strategies to treat gastric cancer.