女性排尿行为信念量表的编制及在女性护士中的信度效度检验

目的以健康信念模式为概念框架编制女性排尿行为信念量表,并检验量表的信度、效度。方法参照Lynn提出的编制认知领域量表的步骤,在文献回顾的基础上编制女性排尿行为信念量表。本研究采用多阶段抽样法。首先方便抽样抽取济南市3所三级甲等医院245名女性护士进行问卷调查,2周后再从中随机抽取25名护士进行重测。采用SPSS 13.0进行描述性统计分析、Pearson相关分析、Cronbach’sα系数和探索性因素分析以精简条目、确立量表维度,并检验量表的内容效度、结构效度、效标效度、内部一致性信度、分半信度以和重测信度。结果各条目内容效度指标(I-CVI)为0.83~1,量表内容效度指标(S-CVI)为0.96。量表包含24个条目,归属于5个维度:下尿道症状易感性的感知、下尿道症状严重性的感知、健康排尿行为益处的感知、健康排尿行为阻碍的感知和健康排尿行为的自我效能;各条目在其对应维度上的因素负荷为0.58~0.87,方差累计贡献率为61.34%。5个维度的Cronbach’sα系数(除维度"坚持健康排尿行为的自我效能"为0.60外)、校正分半信度、重测信度均大于0.70。结论本量表的信效度良好,可以在护士群体初步试用并进行验证性因素分析。     

Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale: refinement and psychometric testing

AIMS: This paper describes a study to further develop and test the psychometric properties of the Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale, including reliability and construct and criterion validity. BACKGROUND: Numerous scales have been developed to measure nurses' job satisfaction. Only one, the Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale, has been designed specifically to measure job satisfaction of home healthcare nurses. The Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale is based on a theoretical model that integrates the findings of empirical research related to job satisfaction. METHODS: A convenience sample of 340 home healthcare nurses completed the Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale and the Mueller and McCloskey Satisfaction Scale, which was used to test criterion validity. Factor analysis was used for testing and refinement of the theory-based assignment of items to constructs. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha internal consistency reliability coefficients. The data were collected in 2003. RESULTS: Nine factors contributing to home healthcare nurses' job satisfaction emerged from the factor analysis and were strongly supported by the underlying theory. Factor loadings were all above 0.4. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for each of the nine subscales ranged from 0.64 to 0.83; the alpha for the global scale was 0.89. The correlations between the Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale and Mueller and McCloskey Satisfaction Scale was 0.79, indicating good criterion-related validity. CONCLUSIONS: The Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale has potential as a reliable and valid scale for measurement of job satisfaction of home healthcare nurses.     

Personality and sexual anomalies

Test properties of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) were examined in a sample of 419 sex offenders and controls in three different settings. The offender group included sexual aggressives, pedophiles, incest perpetrators and miscellaneous cases. Nineteen of the 20 scales of the MCMI had alpha reliability over 0.60 and for 13 scales it was over 0.80. The scales showed satisfactory discriminant validity from age but 9 scales showed a moderate influence of intelligence scores and education. Criminal history did not influence scale results. The scales unfortunately did show significant correlations with MMPI validity scales. Although the scales were not susceptible to naive lying, they were influenced by social desirability especially. Four factors were extracted in principal axes factor analysis that accounted for 91.2% of the total variance. The first factor explained 58.2% of the variance and was labeled general psychopathology. The other three factors suggested psychotic tendencies, extraversion and the bipolar dependency-antisocial tendencies. When the groups were compared, almost all scales significantly differentiated them. When the MMPI F-K Scale was forced to enter a stepwise discriminant analysis first, five scales still were significant; Narcissistic, Schizoid-Asocial, Alcohol Abuse, Paranoid, & Dependent-Submissive scales. The MCMI taps important dimensions in sex offenders but suffers from validity problems.     

Meaning in life for patients with cancer: validation of the Life Attitude Profile-Revised Scale

Title.  Meaning in life for patients with cancer: validation of the Life AttitudeProfile-Revised Scale.
Aim.  This paper is a report of a study to adapt the Life Attitude Profile-Revised Scale for Turkish patients with cancer and to evaluate its psychometric properties.
Background.  Cancer is a life-threatening illness that can challenge the experience of meaning in life. Meaning in life is a multidimensional concept involving meaning and purpose in life, as well as the motivation to find meaning and purpose in life. As meaning in life may be influenced by culture, a culture-sensitive tool is needed for its measurement.
Methods.  A convenience sample of 199 patients with cancer at a Turkish university hospital completed a structured questionnaire including demographic characteristics and the Life Attitude Profile-Revised Scale for Patients with Cancer in 2006. Item analysis, principal components analysis, internal consistency reliability and Cronbach's alpha were used to measure the psychometric properties of the items of the scale.
Findings.  In the assessment of construct validity, identified four factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 explained 46·91% of the total variance. Internal reliability coefficients of these four factor-based scales were 0·73 and 0·82 respectively.
Conclusions.  The present study provides evidence of the Life Attitude Profile-Revised Scale's validity, reliability and acceptability. This scale should be further evaluated with a larger sample, in different regions in Turkey and diverse populations of world. The scale has potential applications for use both in research and as a screening tool in clinical settings.     

Measuring individualized nursing care: assessment of reliability and validity of three scales

AIM: This paper is a report of a study to assess the reliability and convergent validity of three measures of nursing care individualization. BACKGROUND: Individualized care is a key element of nursing care quality, yet little is known about the extent to which it is implemented, its effects, and the factors that help or hinder nurses in giving individualized care. Therefore reliable and valid instruments are needed to measure individualized nursing care. METHOD: A cross-sectional correlational survey design was used. The purposive sample consisted of 861 patients from six hospitals in Finland (response rate 82%). Data were collected in 2004. The Individualized Care Scale was administered simultaneously with translated versions of the Schmidt's Perceptions of Nursing Care Survey and the Oncology Patients' Perceptions of the Quality of Nursing Care Scale. Internal consistency reliability and convergent validity were assessed for each scale. FINDINGS: Evidence for convergent validity was identified between the Individualized Care Scale (part A/B), the Individualization subscale (r = 0.64 with Part A, r = 0.66 with part B) and the Seeing the Individual Patient subscale (r = 0.68 with part A, r = 0.71 with part B). Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.97 for the Individualized Care Scale, 0.82 for Seeing the Individual Patient and 0.87 for the Individualization subscale. CONCLUSION: Data provided preliminary evidence for the convergent validity of the individualized care scales, as well as acceptable internal consistency reliability for each scale. These scales represent useful measures for assessing patients' perceptions of the individualization of nursing care received.     

脑卒中患者赋能护理评价量表的开发及信度、效度检验

目的：编制“脑卒中患者赋能护理评价量表”,检验其信度、效度。方法：以赋能理论为指导框架,结合文献回顾、患者访谈及专家咨询初步拟定量表维度和条目,通过对150例脑卒中患者的调查研究,检验量表的信度、效度。结果：脑卒中患者赋能护理评价量表由4个维度、19个条目组成,主成分分析法提取4个公因子,累积方差贡献率为72．47％。量表的内容效度为0．950、总量表的Cronbacla’S口系数为0．948,分半信度为0．885。结论：脑卒中赋能护理评价量表具有较好的信度、效度,符合心理测量学要求,可作为脑卒中患者赋能护理的评价工具。     

Examining the validity,reliability, and preference of three pediatric pain measurement tools in African-American children

PURPOSE: To compare the validity, reliability, and preference of pain intensity measurement tools--the African-American Oucher Scale, the Wong-Baker FACES Scale, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)--in 100 African-American children between 3 and 18 years of age. METHODS: During a visit to the sickle cell anemia clinic, the children were asked to describe two painful procedures/treatments they had experienced and to choose which one hurt the most. They rated the pain intensity of each procedure/treatment on the three scales that were presented in a preselected order. After using all the scales, the children then chose their favorite scale. The same procedure was repeated at the end of the visit, with a minimum of 15 minutes between the test and retest. RESULTS: Concurrent validity was determined by comparing the rank order of the two identified painful items with the pain scores on the three scales. Chi square analysis indicated a statistically significant difference among the scales for preference (chi2 = 24.08, df = 2, p < 0.0001) and reliability (chi2 = 6.12, df = 2, p < 0.05), but not validity (chi2 = 0.81, df = 2, NS) for the entire sample. Most children preferred using the FACES Scale (56%) versus the Oucher (26%) and VAS (18%). When the data were analyzed for three cognitive stages (ages 3-7, 8-12, and 13-18 years), the following were found: For the school-age period, chi square for reliability did not reach significance (chi2 = 4.35, df = 2, NS); for the preschool-age period, chi square for validity did reach significance (chi2 = 6.49, df = 2, p < 0.05) and was strongest for the FACES scale, followed by the Oucher. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings indicated that the FACES and African-American Oucher Scales are valid and reliable tools for measuring pain in children. Among the entire sample and each age group, the FACES scale was the most preferred scale.     

情绪抑制量表的汉化及信效度检验

目的 汉化、修订情绪抑制量表,并检验其信度和效度。方法 基于Brislin翻译模型,采用专家咨询法进行跨文化调适,形成中文版情绪抑制量表,并对广州市某三级甲等医院302名癌症患者进行问卷调查以评估其信效度。结果 中文版情绪抑制量表包含14个条目,量表的内容效度指数为0.915。探索性因子分析提取了4个公因子,累计方差贡献率为65.58%,并通过验证性因子分析进行了验证。总量表的Cronbach α系数为0.717,各因子的Cronbach α系数范围为0.602~0.882,量表重测信度ICC值为0.855。结论 中文版情绪抑制量表具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为评估情绪抑制水平和情绪表达干预效果的有效量表。     

Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Early Psychosis

Relapse following stabilization of acute psychotic symptoms is common. Psychosocial intervention following stabilization is essential to improve long-term outcome in patients with first-episode or recent-onset psychosis. The present study investigated the efficacy of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in further improving clinical status in stable outpatients with first-episode or recent-onset (≤5 years) psychosis. Twenty four patients participated in 12 weekly sessions. Clinical variables were assessed pre- and post-treatment. Primary outcome measures were the Ambiguous Intention Hostility Questionnaire, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and Psychotic Symptoms Rating Scales. Secondary outcome measures included self-report scales evaluating emotion, functioning, insight, and schemas. Treatment significantly improved the primary and most of the secondary outcome measures. Insight was not significantly changed. Moderate correlations were observed between the primary and some secondary outcome measures. The results indicate that group CBT further improves the clinical status of stable outpatients with first-episode or recent-onset psychosis.     

Development of the Key Behaviors Change Inventory: a traumatic brain injury behavioral outcome assessment instrument

OBJECTIVE: To describe the development and initial validation of a neurobehavioral outcome measure, the Key Behaviors Change Inventory (KBCI), for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Scale construction and development, and validity study. SETTING: Large state university and postal survey. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-five volunteer undergraduate students and 25 volunteer collateral informants of individuals with TBI participated in the item-analysis phase. Thirty members of the Brain Injury Association and 20 members of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society rated both an identified patient and an age- and gender-equated control in the validation phase. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Content validity was examined through expert panel item sorts. Scale internal consistencies were examined with the Cronbach alpha. Construct validity was examined by comparing scale elevations between controls and 2 neurologic groups. RESULTS: Item-analysis procedures resulted in 8 scales of 8 items each: inattention, impulsivity, unawareness of problems, apathy, interpersonal difficulties, communication problems, somatic difficulties, and emotional adjustment. Internal consistency reliability coefficients ranged from.82 to.91. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant (P相似文献   

Inter-observer reliability of clinical outcome measures in a lower limb amputee population

Purpose : In an attempt to find a more clinically useful functional outcome measure specifically tailored for lower limb amputees undergoing inpatient prosthetic rehabilitation, a 6-month prospective assessment of inter-rater reliability for Harold Wood - Stanmore Mobility Scale Data, including two handicap scales, was undertaken. An analysis of the data is presented in this paper. Methods : An inter-rater reliability study was undertaken using four observers to complete admission and discharge scores for the three disability/handicap scales on 14 consecutive patients over 6 months. Results : The disability mobility scale demonstrated perfect observer agreement on admission and at discharge the inter-rater reliability for this measure was high (0.83). By contrast, reliability between observers for admission scores on the handicap mobility scale was poor at 0.49 but reasonably high on discharge (0.83). On admission, inter-rater reliability for handicap physical independence was very low (0.15). At discharge, reliability improved to 0.69 being more consistent with results achieved for the other axes. Conclusions : This study confirms the good inter-rater reliability demonstrated previously in the literature but reveals poor inter-rater reliability for the two handicap scales. The latter will require modification before they can be used with confidence in conjunction with the disability scale.     

Physical Therapy (97)

Comparison of the University of California (Los Angeles) shoulder scale and the simple shulder test with shoulder pain and disability index: Single‐administration reliability and validity. (Texas Woman's University, Houston, TX) Phys Ther. 2000;80:759–768. This study compared 2 shoulder measures—the University of California‐Los Angeles (UCLA) Shoulder Scale and the Simple Shoulder Test (SST)—with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). One hundred ninety‐two patients with shoulder disorders were recruited from one physician's office to complete the self‐report sections of the 3 scales. Cronbach alpha values and standard errors of measurements (SEM) were calculated for each of the multi‐item subscales. Validity was examined through calculation of correlation coefficients among the 3 scales. Factor analysis was completed to assess the underlying constructs of the SPADI and SST. Cronbach alpha values ranged from 0.85 to 0.95. The SEM values for the multi‐item scales ranged from 4.75 to 11.65. Evidence for validity to reflect function was indicated by the correlation between the SST and the SPADI disability subscale. The factor analysis of the SPADI revealed loading on 1 factor, whereas the SST loaded on 2 factors. Conclude that all scales demonstrated good internal consistency, suggesting that all items for each scale measure the same constract. However, SEMS for all scales were high. Factor loading was consistent, suggesting that patients may not distinguish between pain and function. Comment by Philip S. Sizer Jr., MED, PT. Clinical practitioners are leaning toward evaluating functional status versus a pure‐impairment‐based approach to appraising shoulder limitations. Several scales have been developed for the evaluation of shoulder function, including the University of California Los Angeles Shoulder Scale (UCLA), the Simple Shoulder Test (SST), and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Investigations demonstrating the psychometric properties of these scales are limited in number. These investigators attempted to assess those properties, including internal consistency, reliability, and validity for all 3 scales. The analyses demonstrated internal consistency and construct homogeneity for the SPADI. However, all 3 scales demonstrated rather large standard errors of measure, which questions the reliability of the scales for measurement of an individual's progress. Regarding construct validity, the SPADI does not appear to distinguish between pain and dysfunction, disqualifying its use as a gold standard for comparison with other scales. While the SST purports to measure a single construct, the data suggests that it appears to measure 2 different constructs namely function and comfort. Additionally, the analyses appear to demonstrate that, while the scales may attempt to measure the same constructs, they apparently do not. Finally, the authors suggest that the precision of the UCLA scale is inferior to the other 2 scales and insufficient for following the progress of individual patients in the clinical setting.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我护理量表的构建及信效度检验

目的 编制COPD患者自我护理量表并检验其信效度。 方法 在慢性病自我护理中域理论框架下,通过文献回顾、头脑风暴,并参考既往量表,初步构建量表理论维度和条目池。通过德尔菲法、项目分析法、探索性因子分析法筛选条目、确定量表维度,形成正式量表。2020年1月—6月,采用便利抽样法,选取202例COPD患者进行调查,检验量表的信效度。 结果 COPD患者自我护理量表包含3个维度、29个条目,累计方差贡献率为60.33%。总量表的Cronbach's α系数为0.899,折半信度为0.928,内容效度为0.940,COPD患者自我护理量表总得分及各维度得分与COPD患者自我管理量表总得分均呈正相关（r为0.297~0.729,P<0.01）,验证性因子分析显示该量表具有较好的结构效度。结论 该研究所编制的COPD患者自我护理量表具有较好的信效度,可用于测量COPD患者自我护理水平。     

Assessment instruments for the measurement of the health-related self-care of patients with heart failure

Heart Failure is a frequent disease that is accompanied by much suffering for the patients and high costs for the health care system. An improvement of the health-related self-care is supposed to improve the outcomes of patients with heart failure. In order to evaluate the efficiency of interventions valid and reliable instruments measuring the health-related self-care are needed in practice and research. The aim of the systematic literature review is to create a synopsis of the present nursing assessment instruments for the measurement of the health-related self-care of patients with heart failure and to evaluate these instruments' reliability and validity. With a systematic literature search in three electronic databases and hand-search studies using instruments that measure the health-related self-care of patients with heart failure have been identified. The instruments are described and their reliability and validity are discussed. RESULTS: Five Instruments were identified: European Heart Failure Self-care Behaviour Scale (EHFScBS); Revised Heart Failure Self-care Behaviour Scale (rHFScBS); Heart Failure Self-Care Inventory (HFS-CI), Self-Management of Heart Failure Scale (SMHF); Self-Care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI). As far as the psychometric properties are concerned, each of these scales has its strengths and weaknesses. The EHFScBS, the HFS-CI, and the SCHFI can be recommended with restriction for use in practice and research. However, further testing in order to evaluate reliability and validity is necessary for all instruments.     

Inter-observer reliability of clinical outcome measures in a lower limb amputee population

Purpose : In an attempt to find a more clinically useful functional outcome measure specifically tailored for lower limb amputees undergoing inpatient prosthetic rehabilitation, a 6-month prospective assessment of inter-rater reliability for Harold Wood - Stanmore Mobility Scale Data, including two handicap scales, was undertaken. An analysis of the data is presented in this paper.

Methods : An inter-rater reliability study was undertaken using four observers to complete admission and discharge scores for the three disability/handicap scales on 14 consecutive patients over 6 months.

Results : The disability mobility scale demonstrated perfect observer agreement on admission and at discharge the inter-rater reliability for this measure was high (0.83). By contrast, reliability between observers for admission scores on the handicap mobility scale was poor at 0.49 but reasonably high on discharge (0.83). On admission, inter-rater reliability for handicap physical independence was very low (0.15). At discharge, reliability improved to 0.69 being more consistent with results achieved for the other axes.

Conclusions : This study confirms the good inter-rater reliability demonstrated previously in the literature but reveals poor inter-rater reliability for the two handicap scales. The latter will require modification before they can be used with confidence in conjunction with the disability scale.     

Inter-rater reliability of Glamorgan Paediatric Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Scale

Children who are at risk of pressure ulcers need to be identified so that preventative measures can be taken. Most paediatric pressure ulcer risk assessment scales were developed using clinical experience, or by modifying adult scales. The Glamorgan Paediatric Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Scale was developed using detailed paediatric inpatient data. AIM: To establish whether the inter-rater reliability of the Glamorgan scale was adequate for use in clinical practice. METHOD: Fifteen qualified nurses randomly selected from staff working on seven paediatric wards or units in a large tertiary referral hospital have participated in the study to date. Nurses asked permission from the children and parents in their care to collect anonymous data in the risk assessment section of the Glamorgan scale. The nurse and the researcher independently assessed the child's risk. Paired risk assessments were later compared and analysed using SPSS. RESULTS: The total risk scores ranged from 15 to 34 (high to very high risk). There was 100 per cent agreement on all items except for 'inadequate nutrition'. CONCLUSION: These preliminary data indicate that the risk assessment scale is reliable. More research on the reliability and validity of this tool with specific paediatric patient groups should be carried out, ideally comparing the performance of this tool with other published paediatric pressure ulcer risk assessment tools.     

Validity of the Sickness Impact Profile Roland scale as a measure of dysfunction in chronic pain patients.

This study examined the reliability and validity of the Roland scale (taken from the Sickness Impact Profile: SIP) as a measure of dysfunction among chronic pain patients. One hundred forty-four subjects completed the SIP when they were screened for admission to an inpatient pain management program. One hundred sixteen subjects were subsequently re-administered the SIP at admission to inpatient treatment. A 3-month post-treatment administration of the SIP was performed for 52 of these subjects. Roland scale scores were calculated from the SIP for each patient. Test-retest stability coefficients indicated that the SIP Roland scale was generally as reliable as the SIP Total, Physical, and Psychosocial scale scores. Consistent with previous research, correlational analyses indicated that the SIP Roland scale is strongly associated with the SIP Physical but not the SIP Psychosocial scale. The SIP Roland scale and the other SIP scales demonstrated similar sensitivity to changes associated with multidisciplinary inpatient treatment for chronic pain. Finally, the pattern of relationships between the SIP Roland scale and several pain-related measures supported the concurrent validity of the SIP Roland scale. The results of the analyses were very similar for patients presenting with and without low back pain. The study supports the reliability and validity of the SIP Roland scale items for assessing dysfunction of chronic pain patients with pain in sites other than the low back as well as those with low back pain.     

Sleep assessment of hospitalised patients: A literature review

Background

Sleep is a dynamic and essential part of human life and health. In healthcare settings, nurses are strategically placed to promote sleep and sleep health. In this regard, nursing actions should be based upon effective methods of assessment of patient sleep. Standardised sleep assessment does not currently occur in the care of acute hospitalised patients. Use of an appropriate measurement tool would help evaluate inpatient sleep. An effective, efficient sleep assessment tool is needed to aid clinicians. Such assessment would enable specific nursing intervention to be tailored to individual patients.

Objective

The objective of this paper was to examine the literature on sleep measurement to identify subjective sleep assessment tools that may be suitable for routine use with hospitalised patients, and to evaluate their reliability and validity.

Method

A review of existing literature was undertaken to identify and evaluate subjective sleep measurement tools.

Results

The initial literature searches identified 402 articles, of which ten met the criteria for review. These reported on three subjective sleep measurement scales: the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire; the St Mary's Hospital Sleep Questionnaire; and the Verran Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale. The Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire is brief and easy to use. In specific samples, its items correlate with domains reflecting sleep quality and has shown excellent internal consistency. Equivocal results and scoring challenges were found with the St Mary's Hospital Sleep Questionnaire. The Verran Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale captured sleep disturbance and total sleep time, but time-to-complete is more burdensome than the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire.

Conclusions

The current use of sleep assessment instruments in the acute hospital setting is restricted mainly to research activities. Of the three tools identified that could be used clinically to measure inpatient sleep, and although it was developed for use in the intensive care setting, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire held greatest potential due to its ease and rapidity of use. However, it has yet to be validated for use with general hospital inpatients, and further research is required in this area.