Decreased expression of both FcγRII and FcγRIII mRNA in leukemic granulocytes

Morphologically mature granulocytes from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia exhibit a defect in internalization of heat-aggregated IgG. In this study, we investigate the status of the steady-state levels of the mRNA for the two receptors for IgG, FcγRII and FcγRIII, as a step towards understanding the molecular basis of the defect and in turn the discordant maturation of the leukemic cells. Our data show that the mRNA for both receptors is lower in the leukemic cells relative to the normal cells. This may be one of the causes for the defective endocytosis.     

Regulation of 14-3-3σ expression in human thyroid carcinoma is epigenetically regulated by aberrant cytosine methylation

Increased 14-3-3sigma expression has been observed by immunohistochemistry in papillary and anaplastic tumors, but not follicular thyroid cancers. 14-3-3sigma mRNA expression and methylation status was examined in tumor cell lines and primary thyroid tissues using real-time RT-PCR, bisulfite sequencing and methylation-specific PCR. Most of the 27 CpG's in the gene's CpG island were methylated in normal thyroid, TPC-1, NPA, FTC-238 and 2-7, which did not express 14-3-3sigma. In contrast, they were unmethylated in KAK-1 and anaplastic lines KAT4 and DRO-90. 14-3-3sigma expression was not increased in thyroid carcinomas, the majority of which had a methylated CpG island. In addition, 5-aza-dC treatment increased 14-3-3sigma expression in the FTC-238 and NPA cell lines, which had low baseline expression. We conclude 14-3-3sigma expression in thyroid carcinomas is regulated by CpG island hypermethylation.     

PIK3R3 promotes chemotherapeutic sensitivity of colorectal cancer through PIK3R3/NF-kB/TP pathway

Phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3(PIK3R3) is overexpressed in different types of human cancer. We previously reported the important role of PIK3R3 in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the prognosis effect of PIK3R3 in CRC is still remaining unclear. In this study, we explored online clinical databases to analyze the prognosis differences between higher and lower expression of PIK3R3 in CRC patients. Interestingly, we found that better disease-free survival (DFS) were occurred in patients with higher expression of PIK3R3, but there is no significant difference in overall survival (OS). For further, we showed that PIK3R3 could enhance 5-FU induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of thymmidine phosphorylase (TP). In conclusion, PIK3R3 could be considered as a predictor of 5-FU sensitivity for personalized treatment, and a therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.     

G3BP和VEGFR-3在大肠癌中的表达及意义

[目的]探讨G3BP和VEGFR-3在大肠癌中的表达及其意义。[方法]选取60例经手术切除癌组织后的大肠癌病人分别选取癌组织和癌旁组织,应用Westernblot方法分别测定G3BP和VEGFR-3在癌组织和癌旁组织中的表达,分析其相关性。[结果]大肠癌组织中G3BP表达的阳性率为70.0%,癌旁组织中未检出G3BP表达;G3BP表达与大肠癌Dukes分期(P<0.05)、淋巴结转移(P<0.05)有显著性相关。大肠癌组织VEGFR-3阳性表达率为58.3%,明显高于癌旁组织VEGFR-3的阳性表达率18.2%(P<0.05);VEGFR-3表达与大肠癌患者的Dukes分期(P<0.05)、淋巴结转移(P<0.05)有显著相关性。G3BP和VEGFR-3在大肠癌组织中表达呈正相关(r=0.376,P<0.05)。[结论]大肠癌中G3BP和VEGFR-3存在明显的高表达,与患者Dukes分期、淋巴结转移关系密切,G3BP和VEGFR-3之间存在显著性相关。     

表皮生长因子受体3在乳腺癌中的研究进展

表皮因子受体3(ErbB3/HER3)是表皮生长因子跨膜受体家族的成员之一。近年来证实ErbB3/HER3与乳腺癌的发病、复发转移、化疗以及内分泌治疗的疗效密切相关,已成为非常有前景的治疗候选靶点。本文简要综述近年来ErbB3/HER3在乳腺癌中的研究进展。     

沉默STAT3基因对人卵巢癌化疗敏感性的影响

背景与目的:信号转导因子与转录激活因子3(STAT3)是近期研究较多的-种基因,在多种实体瘤如乳腺癌、胃癌和卵巢癌等中均有异常表达和活性增强.本研究旨在探讨STAT3短发夹RNA(short hairpin RNA,shRNA)真核表达载体对卵巢癌细胞SKOV3化疗敏感性的作用.方法:构建STAT3基因shRNA真核表达质粒,并转染卵巢癌SKOV3细胞.试验分为SKOV3、SKOV3NX和SKOV3siRNA3组,以RT-PCR及免疫蛋白印迹法分别检测各组STAT3基因的mRNA及蛋白表达水平.细胞经20 μmol/L顺铂(DDP)作用后,MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率,流式细胞术(FCS)检测细胞凋亡率.结果:MTT法检测肿瘤细胞的生长抑制率,SKOV3组、SKOV3NS组和SKOV3siRNA组细胞抑制率分别为0.46±0.13、0.44±0.11和0.71±0.12.与SKOV3组、SKOV3NS组相比,SKOV3siRNA组细胞抑制率明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而SKOV3NS组与SKOV3组比较,细胞抑制率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).SKOV3组、SKOV3NS组和SKOV3siRNA组细胞凋亡率分别为185:4、17±3和35±4.与SKOV3组、SKOV3NS组比较,SKOV3siRNA组细胞凋亡率明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而SKOV3NS组与SKOV3组比较,细胞凋亡率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).SKOV3组、SKOV3NS组和SKOV3siRNA组细胞STAT3mRNA检测结果分别为0.50±0.08、0.48±0.07和0.31±0.09.与SKOV3组、SKOV3NS组比较,SKOV3siRNA组细胞STAT3 mRNA表达水平明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而SKOV3NS组与SKOV3组细胞比较,STAT3mRNA表达水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).SKOV3组、SKOV3NS组和SKOV3siRNA组细胞STAT3蛋白检测结果分别为0.54±0.09、0.56±0.08和0.32±0.09.与SKOV3组、SKOV3NS组比较,SKOV3siRNA组细胞STAT3蛋白表达明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而SKOV3NS组与SKOV3组比较,细胞STAT3蛋白表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:针对STAT3基因的shRNA真核表达载体能有效地抑制卵巢癌SKOV3细胞STAT3基因表达,增强其对化疗药物DDP的敏感性.     

重构型caspase-3的表达及其对SKBr3细胞的凋亡诱导作用

目的：探讨重构型caspase3基因的表达对肿瘤细胞的凋亡诱导作用。方法：用重组PCR的方法获得大、小亚基顺序颠倒的重构型caspase3基因并将其克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3，转染乳腺癌细胞系SKBr3细胞，通过HE染色、流式细胞仪分析及免疫组化等方法观察其表达后对细胞的促凋亡活性，并将载体DNA直接注射荷瘤裸鼠研究其对肿瘤的抑制作用。结果：重构型caspase3基因可在SKBr3细胞内表达，转染组较同期对照组出现明显的细胞死亡现象，pcDNA3 revcasp3重组质粒直接注入对荷瘤裸鼠肿瘤生长有明显抑制作用。结论：重构型caspase3基因表达可诱导SKBr3细胞凋亡。     

一种三维规则数据场中复杂组织快速分割方法

提出了一种三维规则数据场中复杂组织快速分割方法：首先熵阈值二值化三维医学图像，然后用三维形态学腐蚀操作，断开复杂组织与其它组织间的弱连接，并对复杂组织进行连通标记；接着提取出腐蚀后的复杂组织模板，并对此模板进行三维形态学扩张操作，恢复先前三维形态学腐蚀操作消除的部分；最后采用改进的快速三维种子填充算法精确地分割出复杂组织。复杂组织分割实验结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

三维医学影像诊断工作站-3dmed

本文介绍了一个我们自主开发的三维医学影像诊断工作站.系统运行于Windows NT/2000/98环境,主要包括数据接口、图像预处理、切片重组、三维重建、三维显示、虚拟内窥镜等功能.可广泛用于CT、MRI等医学图像的处理与分析,辅助医生进行临床诊断,具有很好的应用前景.     

肿瘤相关抗原MAGE-A3的研究进展

肿瘤相关抗原MAGE-A3广泛表达于多种恶性肿瘤，而在正常组织中（除睾丸和胎盘外）不表达。该抗原经抗原递呈细胞加工后能被HLAⅠ类或Ⅱ类分子递呈，引起针对MAGE-A3表达阳性的肿瘤细胞的特异性免疫。近年来，MAGE—A3抗原已被广泛应用于肿瘤的诊断和免疫治疗，本文就MAGE—A3抗原在肿瘤中应用做一综述。     

Global analysis of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 profiles in glioblastoma stem cells and identification of SLC17A7 as a bivalent tumor suppressor gene

Epigenetic changes, including H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 histone modification, play an important role in carcinogenesis. However, no genome-wide histone modification map has been generated for gliomas. Here, we report a genome-wide map of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 histone modifications for 8 glioma stem cell (GSC) lines, together with the associated gene activation or repression patterns. In addition, we compared the genome-wide histone modification maps of GSC lines to those of astrocytes to identify unique gene activation or repression profiles in GSCs and astrocytes. We also identified a set of bivalent genes, which are genes that are associated with both H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 marks and are poised for action in embryonic stem cells. These bivalent genes are potential targets for inducing differentiation in glioblastoma (GBM) as a therapeutic approach. Finally, we identified SLC17A7 as a bivalent tumor suppressor gene in GBM, as it is down-regulated at both the protein and RNA levels in GBM tissues compared with normal brain tissues, and it inhibits GBM cell proliferation, migration and invasion.     

In vitro Transformation of BALB/c 3T3 Cells by 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane (1,1,2,2-TTCE) was shown to be capable of inducing in vitro transformation of BALB/c 3T3 cells (clone A-31) either in the presence or in the absence of S9 activating system using an amplification-transformation (level-II) assay by reseeding confluent cells from each treatment and allowing additional rounds of cell replication. In the absence of metabolic activation, the highest assayed dose (1000 μg/ml), exerting the highest toxicity, was the only transforming dose. Lower doses of 1,1,2,2-TTCE were capable of transforming BALB/c cells in the presence of S9 activating system, the dose of 500 μg/ml exerting the highest transforming activity. The number and size of transformed foci recognized in the level-II plates were a function of the number of cells reseeded in the amplification assay. Foci obtained in the presence of S9 activating systems were larger in size, more deeply basophilic, and exhibited denser multilayering of constituent cells than foci recognized in the absence of exogenous metabolic activation.     

急性髓系白血病患者外周血细胞中FLT3基因表达与FLT3／ITD突变的关系及其意义

背景与目的：研究表明FLT3／ITD突变的急性髓性白血病（acutemyeloid leukemia,AML）患者预后差,但关于AML患者FLT3基因的表达水平在预后中的作用及其与FLT3／ITD突变关系的研究尚不充分。本研究探讨初治AML患者FLT3基因的表达水平与FLT3／ITD突变的关系及其临床意义。方法：建立实时荧光定量PCR检测FLT3基因表达水平及PCR检测FLT3／ITD突变的方法。分析79例初治AML患者FLT3基因水平、FLT3／ITD突变及与预后的关系。结果：22．7％（18／79）的AML患者存在FLT3／ITD突变。92．4％（73／79）的患者标本中可检测到FLT3基因表达,FLT3基因表达水平为0-7320,中位数为312,正常对照组未检测到FLT3基因的表达。FLT3基因高表达及FLT3／ITD突变AML组的白细胞计数及骨髓白血病细胞均显著高于低表达和无突变AML组（P〈0．05）。FLT3基因高表达的AML组FLT3／ITD突变率（25．6％）同低表达的AML组（20．0％）相比,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,FLT3／ITD突变AML患者FLT3基因表达中位数与无突变组比较差异也无统计学意义。FLT3／ITD突变组的完全缓解率（58．8％）显著低于无FLT3／ITD突变组（82．1％）（P〈0．05）;FLT3基因高表达AML组FLT3／ITD的完全缓解率（68．6％）同低表达AML组（84．2％）相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但无FLT3／ITD突变组中,FLT3基因高表达组完全缓解率（69．2％）显著低于低表达组（93-3％）（P〈0．05）。结论：FLT3高表达与FLT3／ITD突变之间无明显相关性,FLT3高表达对于无FLT3／ITD突变AML患者可能是一个预后不良的指标。     

神经节苷脂GM3与肿瘤

0 引言 神经节苷脂(ganglioside,GS)是一类含唾液酸的糖鞘脂,广泛存在于哺乳动物各组织细胞膜上,参与细胞间识别、连接、运动和信息传递等多个过 程[1].GM3是含单个唾液酸的神经节苷脂,1952年由Yamakawa等首次从马红细胞中分离出来,其化学结构为a-Neu5Ac-(2-3)-β-Glc-(1-1)-Cer,在细 胞高尔基体通过GM3合成酶合成.     

趋化因子CXC受体3在肝细胞癌中的表达及意义

背景与目的:最近研究揭示趋化因子及其受体网络在肿瘤侵袭转移中起重要作用。本研究旨在探讨趋化因子CXC受体3(CXCR3)在肝细胞癌(hepatocellularcarcinoma,HCC)中的表达,及其与HCC临床病理特征的关系。方法:选取7株人HCC细胞系、18例正常肝组织、64例HCC患者的癌组织和癌旁肝组织作为研究对象。采用RT-PCR和实时定量PCR方法,研究这些组织中CXCR3mRNA的表达情况。采用免疫组织化学方法,研究CXCR3蛋白的表达情况和HCC复发转移的关系。结果:在高转移细胞系MHCC97-H中,CXCR3与!2微球蛋白的mRNA拷贝均数之比为33.0×10-4,在低转移细胞系MHCC97-L中,该数值为8.7×10-4,在无转移能力的5株细胞系则未检出CXCR3的mRNA表达。在MHCC97-H和MHCC97-L中均见CXCR3蛋白强阳性染色,而在无转移能力的细胞系中只有HepG2见到微弱染色,其余4株均未见染色。CXCR3蛋白在HCC组织中的强阳性染色,与HCC的侵袭性正相关(P=0.003)。HCC组织中CXCR3蛋白强阳性的患者和CXCR3阴性或弱阳性的患者的1、2年无瘤生存率分别为66.7%、31.3%和75.0%、59.5%,差异有显著性(P=0.044)。结论:CXCR3的表达与HCC的侵袭和转移相关。     

14-3-3 sigma possibly plays a constitutive role in papillary carcinoma, but not in follicular tumor of the thyroid

14-3-3 σ is a negative regulator of the cell cycle and contributes to G2 arrest. Thus far, the lack of its expression due to hypermethylation of the CpG islands has been reported in some carcinomas. In this study, we investigated the expression of 14-3-3 σ in thyroid neoplasms by means of immunohistochemistry as well as Western blot analysis. Normal follicules did not express 14-3-3 σ. In 82 papillary carcinomas, all the cases expressed 14-3-3 σ and its expression was not reduced but even enhanced in the advanced stage and in poorly differentiated types. Furthermore, 21 of the 23 anaplastic carcinomas expressed 14-3-3 σ and its expression level tended to be higher than in papillary carcinoma. On the other hand, none of the 34 follicular carcinomas or 29 follicular adenomas expressed 14-3-3 σ. These results suggest that 14-3-3 σ plays a constitutive role in papillary carcinoma rather than acting as a cell cycle regulator, whereas it is not required for the occurrence and development of follicular tumor.     

RBMS3-AS3对宫颈癌细胞增殖、凋亡和侵袭的影响及作用机制

目的：探讨RNA结合基序单链相互作用蛋白3反义链3（RBMS3-AS3）对宫颈癌细胞增殖、凋亡和侵袭的影响及作用机制。方法：培养人宫颈永生化细胞Ect1/E6E7和宫颈癌HeLa、Caski和SiHa细胞，实时荧光定量PCR检测细胞中RBMS3-AS3表达水平，Western blot法检测RNA结合基序单链相互作用蛋白3（RBMS3）蛋白水平。将HeLa细胞分为对照组（细胞正常培养）、si-RBMS3-AS3组（转染RBMS3-AS3小干扰RNA）、阴性序列组（转染乱序无意义阴性序列）、si-RBMS3-AS3+si-RBMS3组（共转染RBMS3-AS3和RBMS3的小干扰RNA）和si-RBMS3-AS3+阴性序列组（共转染RBMS3-AS3与乱序无意义阴性序列），四甲基噻唑蓝染色法（MTT）检测细胞增殖率，流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率，Transwell检测细胞侵袭能力，Western blot检测各组HeLa细胞中细胞周期蛋白D1（Cyclin D1）、B淋巴细胞瘤-2（Bcl-2）、B淋巴细胞瘤-2相关蛋白（Bax）和基质金属蛋白酶2（MMP-2）蛋白表达水平。结果：宫颈癌细胞系HeLa、Caski和SiHa中RBMS3-AS3表达水平均高于Ect1/E6E7细胞（P < 0.05），而RBMS3蛋白表达低于Ect1/E6E7细胞（P < 0.05）。与对照组或阴性序列组相比，si-RBMS3-AS3组HeLa细胞的活性、侵袭细胞数、Cyclin D1、Bcl-2和MMP-2蛋白表达水平降低（P < 0.05），细胞凋亡率及RBMS3和Bax蛋白表达水平升高（P < 0.05）。与si-RBMS3-AS3+阴性序列组比较，si-RBMS3-AS3+si-RBMS3组HeLa细胞活性、侵袭细胞数及Cyclin D1、Bcl-2和MMP-2蛋白表达水平升高（P < 0.05），细胞凋亡率和Bax蛋白表达水平降低（P < 0.05）。结论：抑制RBMS3-AS3表达可抑制宫颈癌细胞增殖和侵袭，并促进细胞凋亡，这可能与上调RBMS3表达有关。     

RBMS3-AS3对宫颈癌细胞增殖、凋亡和侵袭的影响及作用机制

目的：探讨RNA结合基序单链相互作用蛋白3反义链3（RBMS3-AS3）对宫颈癌细胞增殖、凋亡和侵袭的影响及作用机制。方法：培养人宫颈永生化细胞Ect1/E6E7和宫颈癌HeLa、Caski和SiHa细胞,实时荧光定量PCR检测细胞中RBMS3-AS3表达水平,Western blot法检测RNA结合基序单链相互作用蛋白3（RBMS3）蛋白水平。将HeLa细胞分为对照组（细胞正常培养）、si-RBMS3-AS3组（转染RBMS3-AS3小干扰RNA）、阴性序列组（转染乱序无意义阴性序列）、si-RBMS3-AS3+si-RBMS3组（共转染RBMS3-AS3和RBMS3的小干扰RNA）和si-RBMS3-AS3+阴性序列组（共转染RBMS3-AS3与乱序无意义阴性序列）,四甲基噻唑蓝染色法（MTT）检测细胞增殖率,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,Transwell检测细胞侵袭能力,Western blot检测各组HeLa细胞中细胞周期蛋白D1（Cyclin D1）、B淋巴细胞瘤-2（Bcl-2）、B淋巴细胞瘤-2相关蛋白（Bax）和基质金属蛋白酶2（MMP-2）蛋白表达水平。结果：宫颈癌细胞系HeLa、Caski和SiHa中RBMS3-AS3表达水平均高于Ect1/E6E7细胞（P < 0.05）,而RBMS3蛋白表达低于Ect1/E6E7细胞（P < 0.05）。与对照组或阴性序列组相比,si-RBMS3-AS3组HeLa细胞的活性、侵袭细胞数、Cyclin D1、Bcl-2和MMP-2蛋白表达水平降低（P < 0.05）,细胞凋亡率及RBMS3和Bax蛋白表达水平升高（P < 0.05）。与si-RBMS3-AS3+阴性序列组比较,si-RBMS3-AS3+si-RBMS3组HeLa细胞活性、侵袭细胞数及Cyclin D1、Bcl-2和MMP-2蛋白表达水平升高（P < 0.05）,细胞凋亡率和Bax蛋白表达水平降低（P < 0.05）。结论：抑制RBMS3-AS3表达可抑制宫颈癌细胞增殖和侵袭,并促进细胞凋亡,这可能与上调RBMS3表达有关。     

Immunocytochemical detection of 14-3-3 in primary nervous system tumors

Summary 14-3-3 proteins have attracted much recent interest in the etiopathogenesis of human cancers owing to their involvement in the prevention of apoptosis. However, the expression of 14-3-3 in primary nervous system tumors has not been previously characterized. In this paper, Immunohistochemistry using a specific anti-14-3-3 antibody was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded archival tissue from 124 primary human nervous system tumors and 10 normal brain tissues. In the normal control brains, 14-3-3 immunoreactivity was localized mainly in the neuronal somata and processes, and some glial cells showed only weak immunoreactivity. However, 14-3-3 immunoreactivity was seen in the majority of astrocytomas [grade I (9/11), II (16/21), III (13/17), IV (17/21)]. There was no difference between the positive expression rates of 14-3-3 in different grades of astrocytomas (P = 0.968). But the intensity and degree of 14-3-3 immunoreactivity in diffuse astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma multiformes showed trends with tumor grade, with glioblastomas having the highest positivity (P = 0.048). The 14-3-3 immunoreactivity was also seen in the majority of other gliomas [oligodendroglioma (2/3), anaplastic oligodendroglioma (4/4), ependymoma (1/2), anaplastic ependymoma (2/2), choroid plexus papilloma (3/3), pineocytoma (2/2), medulloblastoma (5/8)]. All meningiomas [syncytical (3), fibrous/fibroblastic (4), angiomatous (4), transitional/mixed (3)] were intensely and diffusely positive. All schwannomas (4), neurofibromas (2), pituitary adenomas (6) and craniopharyngiomas(4) also showed intense positive staining. These results showed that 14-3-3 is expressed in the majority of the primary human nervous system tumors. The up-regulated expression of 14-3-3 may be a common mechanism for evading apoptosis in most primary human nervous system tumors, and targeting 14-3-3 may be a novel promising strategy for the treatment of these tumors, especially for malignant tumors.