p53和c—myc基因在肝癌和肝硬变细胞中的表达

本实验用免疫组化技术ＡＢＣ法,测定了肝癌和肝硬变细胞中的ｐ５３和ｃ－ｍｙｃ蛋白。结果表明：肝癌组的突变ｐ５３和ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因表达均显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,而肝硬变组中ｐ５３和ｃ－ｍｙｃ的表达与正常组无显著差异,肝硬变组的ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达明显低于肝癌组。以上结果提示,ｐ５３基因发生突变、失活以及ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因激活,导致肝癌的发生。     

p53,c—erbB—2,PCNA和EGFR在膀胱癌中过表达及 …

目的：研究癌基因和抑癌基因蛋白产物在膀胱移行细胞癌中异常表达与病理分级、临床分期、复发和预后的关系。方法：应用免疫组化Ｓ－Ｐ法检查１１７例膀胱移行细胞癌组织中ｐ５３、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、ＰＣＮＡ和ＥＧＦＲ的表达水平。结果：１１７例膀胱移行细胞癌中ｐ５３、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、ＰＣＮＡ和ＥＧＦＲ阳性表达率分别为４７．０％、２９．９％、５３．８％和４８．７％。ｐ５３和ＰＣＮＡ阳性表达产物定位于肿瘤细胞核内，     

食管癌变过程中p53,c—myc,bcl—2表达及其与细 …

探讨食管癌变过程中肿瘤抑制基因Ｐ５３５ 基因ｃ－ｍｙｃ，ｂｃｌ－２的变化及其与细胞凋亡的关系。方法：采用免疫组化法检测２７９例食管粘膜活检组织中ｐ５３－，ｃ－ｍｙｃ，ｂｃｌ－２的表达以及细胞凋亡的关系。结果：从食管正常上皮到基底细胞增生，间变和部，ｐ５３，ｃ－ｍｙｃ－ｂｃｌ－２免疫阳怀表达率及细胞凋亡发生率和细胞凋亡指数均呈升高趋势，而且在同一阶段病变，ｐ５３和ｃ－ｍｙｃ阳性地凋亡指数高于其阴性表     

p53,ras基因产物p21在喉癌及癌旁组织中的表达

ｐ５３、ｒａｓ基因产物ｐ２１在喉癌及癌旁组织中的表达１郭秀婵２徐爱真２张勇２陈岚３韩德民３沈懿越来越多的资料表明，肿瘤的发生与多种癌基因的激活和抗癌基因的失活有关。为了探索ｐ５３及ｒａｓ基因产物ｐ２１在喉癌发生发展中的作用，我们对６４例喉癌标本及４８...     

骨肉瘤N—ras,c—myc基因异常及其蛋白产物的表达

目的：探讨癌基因Ｎ－ｒａｓ，ｃ－ｍｙｃ及其蛋白表达与骨肉瘤的关系，方法：Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ和免疫组织化学（ＬＳＡＢ法）同步检查９例人骨肉瘤Ｎ－ｒａｓ，ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因和其ｐ２１ｒａｓｃ－ｍｙｃ蛋白产物表达，结果：Ｎ－ｒａｓ基因１例有为失改变，检出率１１％（１／９），ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因有３例为扩增改变，检出率３３％（３／９），ｐ２１ｒａｓ，ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因蛋白表达阳性率分别为７８％（７例），８９％（     

膀胱癌中p53、c—myc和bcl—2的表达及意义

目的：研究癌基因和抗癌基因蛋白产物在膀胱移行细胞癌组织中异常表达与病理分级,临床分期间关系。方法：应用免疫组化S－P法检测96例膀胱移行细胞癌中p53,c-myc和bcl-2的表达水平。结果：96例膀胱移行细胞癌中p53,c-myc和bcl-2的阳性表达率分别为60．4％,68．8％和81．3％,结果表明,p53,c-myc和bcl-2异常表达与膀胱移行细胞癌的分级和分期间差异有统计学意义。结论：p53,c-myc和bcl-2表达在膀胱癌的发生发展中起重要作用。在膀胱癌变过程中,有多种癌基因的变化。     

癌基因蛋白cyclinD1,p21,ras在大肠癌和腺癌组织中的表达

为探讨ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ１与ｐ２１ｒａｓ癌基因蛋白表达失调在大肠癌发生机制中的作用并尝试以ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ１作为大肠癌早期诊断的肿瘤标记,本研究用免疫组化法检测大肠良、恶性病变中ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ１和ｐ２１ｒａｓ蛋白的表达,现报道如下。１材料和方法１．１材料收...     

广西地区肝癌中c—myc和N—ras癌基因的原位表达？…

目的：分析了广西地区地癌中ｃ－ｍｙｃ、Ｎ－ｒａｓ癌基因的表达与乙型肝病毒（ＨＢＶ）感染的关系及其在肝癌发生中的作用。方法：应用原位ｃＤＮＡ－ＲＮＡ杂交方法和免疫组化方法检测３１例广西地区肝癌和相应癌旁组织中ｃ－ｍｙｃ ｍＲＮＡ、Ｎ－ｒａｓｍＲＮＡ和ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｘＡｇ。结果：肝癌及癌旁均有较高的ｃ－ｍｙｃ，Ｎ－ｒａｓ癌基因的表达。检出率都在８５％以上，其在不同发化程度肝癌中的表达差异无显著性意义     

p53、p21ras和connexin43蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的表达及意义

卵巢癌的发生是多基因联合作用的结果,其中包括癌基因、抑癌基因、细胞一细胞间信息交流基因的改变等。本实验旨在分析上述基因和蛋白在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达变化及其相互关系,以探讨肿瘤发生过程中不同分子的联合作用。     

ras p21基因蛋白产物在胃肝样腺癌细胞内表达的研究

目的：探讨胃肝样腺癌及普通型胃癌ｐ２１基因蛋白产物表达情况，进一步判断肿瘤的恶性程度。方法：应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法，对２８例胃肝样腺癌进行检测。结果：２８例胃肝样腺癌Ｐ２１基因表达阳性率９６．４％，其中染索状１８例，团块状１０例，共阳性表达明显高于普通型胃癌。结论：检查胃肝样腺癌Ｐ２１基因蛋白产物表达，为临床治疗及判断预后提供重要依据。     

p53 expression, p21 expression and the apoptotic index in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma

AIMS: Although several genetic abnormalities are known to occur in endometrial cancer, including tp53 gene mutation, the pathogenesis of this common malignancy remains poorly defined. We investigated the relationship between overexpression of p53 protein, p21 protein expression and apoptosis in endometrial carcinoma. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixteen cases of endometrial carcinoma in which polymerase chain reaction analysis had demonstrated the absence of a tp53 gene mutation were selected on the basis of p53 protein expression; p21 protein expression and the apoptotic index were then determined for each case. The proportion of cells in each case expressing p53 and p21 protein immunoreactivity was compared with the apoptotic index. Overall, no significant correlation was demonstrated between p53 and p21 immunoreactivity, or between either p53 or p21 and the apoptotic index. CONCLUSIONS: Factors other than p53 are involved in the regulation of p21 expression and apoptosis in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinomas without p53 mutations. Despite the small numbers used in this study, the data suggest a correlation between low levels of p53 immunoreactivity and apoptosis. We postulate that high levels of p53 immunoreactivity may be due to abnormal stabilization of the p53 protein. Follow-up studies are needed with a larger data set.     

Immunohistochemical study of p53, p21 and PCNA in pterygium

Since mutated p53 is one of the most frequent gene abnormalities in human cancer, we hypothesized that mutation of p53 may play an important role in growth and recurrence of pterygia, a dysplasia of the conjunctiva. Therefore, we compared pterygia of Japanese and Tunisian patients using antibodies against p53, p21 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). In Nagasaki, 21 pterygia of Japanese individuals were removed and in Gabes, 19 primary pterygia of Tunisian individuals. Positive staining of wild type p53 was not found in the Japanese pterygia, whereas 38.1% were positive for mutant p53, none were positive for p21 and 76.2% were positive for PCNA. The incidence of mutant p53-positive staining was 50.0% in males and 22.2% in females, which was statistically significant. In the 19 Tunisian patients, positive staining of wild type p53 was not found, whereas 36.8% were positive for mutant p53, 0% for p21 and 63.1% for PCNA. Differences between Japanese patients and Tunisian patients were not significant. There were 2 types of pterygium. One type did not show mutant p53 and the other showed mutant p53 caused by ultraviolet light. However, damage caused by p53-dependent programmed cell death of pterygium cells may lead to mutations in other genes which may allow the progressive multistep development of limbal tumors. It is possible that mutant p53-positive pterygia can develop into limbal tumors.     

胃癌组织中p21、p27、p53和Rb的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨p21、p27、p53和Rb蛋白表达在胃癌发生、发展中的作用.方法 应用免疫组化EnVision法检测111例胃癌,38例不典型增生、47例肠上皮化生、25例慢性萎缩性胃炎和53例正常胃黏膜组织中p21、p27、p53和Rb蛋白的表达.结果 p21和p27蛋白表达水平在不典型增生组织最高,其次是胃癌组织,与正常胃黏膜组织相比差异均有显著性(P<0.001).在胃癌组织中p21、p27、p53和Rb蛋白表达均高于正常胃黏膜组织(P均＜0.01).p21、p27蛋白表达与胃癌的类型和分化相关(P均＜0.01),p53表达水平与患者的年龄、性别、胃癌的类型和患者的生存率相关.女性患者Rb蛋白表达明显高于男性,差异有显著性(P<0.05).p21、p27、p53和Rb蛋白表达水平之间均呈正相关.结论 p21、p27、p53和Rb蛋白表达可以作为胃癌的辅助诊断指标,四种蛋白在判断胃癌的生物学行为上具有协同作用.     

Expression of EGF, EGF-receptor, p53, v-erb B and ras p21 in colorectal neoplasms by immunostaining paraffin-embedded tissues

Immunohistochemical studies were performed to clarify the significance of the expression or overexpression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), EGF-receptor (EGFR), p53, v- erb B, ras p21 in 23 cases each of tubular adenoma and adenocarcinoma. The expression of EGF, EGFR, p53, v- erb B, and ras p21 in paraffin-embedded tissues, from 46 patients with colorectal tumors (adenoma: 23 cases; 14 mild dysplasia, six moderate dysplasia, three severe dysplasia, adenocarcinoma: 23 cases; 17 well differentiated, two moderately differentiated, three poorly differentiated, one mucinous carcinoma was analyzed immunohistochemically using anti-EGF, EGFR, p53, v- erb B and ras p21 antibodies. The EGF and ras p21 tended to express more strongly in carcinoma cases than in the adenoma cases, and in severe and moderate dysplasia than in mild dysplasia (EGF: stained positive in five adenomas [21.74%] and 17 adenocarcinomas [73.91%]; ras p21: stained positive in six adenomas [26.09%] and 14 adenocarcinomas [60.87%]. The EGFR stained positive in two adenomas (8.70%) and two adenocarcinomas (8.70%). The p53 and v- erb B showed positive staining only in the carcinoma cases (p53: stained positive in four cases [17.39%]; v- erb B: stained positive in eight cases [34.78%]). This study suggests that these factors seem to have some role in the progression of colon neoplasms. It suggests that genetic alteration is not always equal to the overexpression of protein products, but that it reflects them well, and that the staining makes some contribution to differential diagnosis in colorectal neoplasms.     

Distribution of p21ras in postimplantation rat embryos

Expression of ras cellular oncogenes during the early postimplantation period in the rat was investigated using immunohistochemistry to p21^ras was used in an indirect avidin-biotin-peroxidase (ABC) technique. Positive staining indicating the presence of p21^ras was found in embryos from 6.5 to 12 days embryonic age. In early egg cylinders (6.5 days), positive staining for p21^ras was observed on the ectoplacental cone, primitive ectoderm and trophectoderm, while primitive endoderm and parietal endoderm appeared paler. In later egg cylinder stages (7.5 days), strong positive staining was observed in the primitive embryonic ectoderm and ectoplacental cone, but parietal and visceral endoderm still appeared to be devoid of positive staining. As development proceeded during primitive streak stages, the visceral and parietal endoderm became positively stained. By 10 days, all tissues appeared to be positive for p21^ras, with strong staining appearing in the heart and neural elements. Therefore, p21^ras does not appear to be ubiquitous in the rat conceptus prior to gastrulation, but shows differential distribution, appearing later in endodermal derivatives. Possibly p21^ras is involved in determination of the ectodermal and endodermal lineages.© Willey-Liss, Inc.     

大鼠脑慢性缺血状态再灌注对海马区神经细胞凋亡及p21和p53蛋白表达的影响

目的通过建立大鼠慢性脑缺血再灌注模型,观察再灌注时大鼠海马区神经细胞凋亡及p53和p21蛋白的表达。方法70只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组(n=10),模型组(n=30),模型再灌注组(n=30),应用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡情况,用免疫印迹法检测大鼠海马p53和p21蛋白的表达。结果对照组未见凋亡细胞,模型组凋亡细胞数明显少于模型再灌注组(p<0.05);p53和p21蛋白在对照组无表达,模型组表达少于模型再灌注组(p<0.05),术后48h达高峰,72h后逐渐降低。结论慢性脑缺血再灌注后海马神经细胞凋亡,海马区p53和p21蛋白表达上调可能参与正常灌注压突破综合症发病机制。     

Protein expression and genetic alterations of p53 and ras in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

AIMS: The significance of molecular and genetic alterations of p53 and ras in the development and progression as well as the histological differentiation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) was evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined immunohistochemically ras p21 protein and p53-related products (p53 protein, WAF-1 and mdm-2) in 43 cases of ICC. In addition, point mutations of ras and p53 were examined genetically in selected ICC cases by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and direct sequence analysis. Point mutation of K-ras gene codon 12 was detected in three of 14 cases and one of 15 cases by PCR-RFLP and direct sequence analysis, respectively. Immunoreactivity of ras p21 protein was not detected. Point mutation of p53 was detected in three of 15 cases. p53 protein was immunohistochemically detectable in 33 of 43 cases. Immunoreactivity of p53 was more frequent in well-differentiated and less frequent in poorly differentiated cases. Immunoreactivity of WAF-1 and mdm-2 was seen in 16 and eight of 43 cases, respectively. Both proteins were frequently detected in the cases positive for p53 protein. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that dysregulation of ras is involved in at least 20% of ICC and expression of p53 protein is more significantly involved in ICC, particularly in the well and moderately differentiated cases. While some cases of p53 expression may be explainable by point mutation of p53, there may be some epigenetic phenomena that stabilize p53 protein in ICC. That is, wild type p53 may be stabilized and then detectable by forming complexes with other molecules of p53 downstream effector genes, such as WAF-1 and mdm-2.     

大肠腺瘤样息肉癌变中ras p21,p53表达及DNA含量变化

目的；探讨大肠腺瘤样息肉癌变机理。方法：以病理学与ＦＣＭ技术相结合的方法，定量研究４３例大肠腺瘤样息肉（ｃｏｌｏｒｅｃｔａｌａｄｅｎｏｍａｔｏｕｓｐｏｌｙｐｓ，ＣＡＰ）ＣＡＰ伴有上皮不典型增生及ＣＡＰ癌变细胞的ＤＮＡ含量与癌基因，ｒａｓ表达及抑癌基因，ｐ５３异常表达，结果：ＣＡＰ细胞ＤＮＡ含量均处在ＤＮＡ二倍体的范围内，而ＣＡＰ伴上皮不典型增生和ＣＡＰ癌变组细胞的ＤＮＡ含量明显高于ＣＡＰ，且为ＤＮ