急性冠脉综合征三支病变患者心电图表现

目的研究急性冠脉综合征(ACS)三支病变患者心电图表现。方法241例冠状动脉(冠脉)造影明确的ACS分成非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)(n=173)与急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)(n=68)两种群体,比较各群体中三支病变与非三支病变患者心电图指标。结果NSTEMI-ACS三支病变与左主干病变患者多表现为V₄~V₆、Ⅰ、Ⅱ导联ST段压低伴随aVR导联ST段抬高的心电图模式。与STEMI非三支病变患者相比,STEMI三支病变患者Ⅰ、aVL、V₆导联ST段抬高数占比较多,且多有aVR导联T波直立与低电压表现;冠脉造影提示STEMI三支病变患者右冠及左回旋支狭窄程度更重。结论NSTEMI-ACS三支病变与左主干病变患者具有相对特定的心电图表现,STEMI三支病变患者心肌梗死部位广泛,易合并侧壁心肌梗死。     

急性冠脉综合征病人aVL导联T波倒置预测左前降支中段病变的临床意义

目的研究急性冠脉综合征(ACS)病人心电图aVL导联T波倒置与左前降支中段病变的关系。方法将241例ACS病人按照入院心电图aVL导联T波形态分为T波倒置组(95例)和T波非倒置组(146例),比较两组临床资料以及冠状动脉病变情况。分析T波倒置对左前降支中段病变的预测价值。结果T波倒置组左前降低中段狭窄程度明显高于T波非倒置组(P<0.01)。多元Logistic回归分析显示,左前降低中段狭窄程度是aVL导联T波倒置的独立危险因素[OR=1.028,95%CI(1.019,1.036),P<0.01];一致性检验中,aVL导联T波倒置预测AMI病人左前降低中段狭窄程度≥50%与冠状动脉造影呈中等程度相关(Kappa=0.558,P<0.01)。结论aVL导联T波倒置与左前降支中段狭窄相关,可作为预测左前降支中段病变的方法之一。     

急性冠状动脉综合征患者aVL导联T波倒置对左前降支中段狭窄的预测价值

目的探讨急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者心电图aVL导联T波倒置与左前降支中段病变的关系。方法选择2019年1月～2020年12月丹东市第一医院心内二科就诊的ACS患者265例,根据T波情况分为T波倒置组102例,非T波倒置组163例。入院后,对患者予以常规冠状动脉造影、心电图等相关检查。分析aVL导联T波倒置与左前降支中段狭窄的关系。结果 2组病变类型、校正QT间期、LVEF比较,有统计学差异(P<0.05,P<0.01)。T波倒置组左前降支中段狭窄程度明显高于非T波倒置组[(58.36±27.40)%vs(31.63±28.54)%,P=0.001]。一致性检验显示,aVL导联T波倒置预测急性心肌梗死患者左前降支中段堵塞≥50%中等程度一致(Kappa=0.499,P<0.01),预测不稳定性心绞痛≥50%中等程度一致(Kappa=0.465,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,aVL导联T波倒置与左前降支中段狭窄程度相关(OR=4.671,95%CI:1.424～13.244,P=0.012)。结论 ACS患者心电图检查中,aVL导联T波倒...     

QRS波宽度及aVR导联ST段抬高对NSTE-ACS左主干或三支病变的预测作用

目的研究非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者心电图的QRS波宽度及aVR导联抬高幅度对冠状动脉左主干/三支病变的诊断价值。方法分析106例NSTE-ACS患者的体表心电图QRS波宽度及aVR导联ST段抬高幅度,通过与冠状动脉造影结果对比,研究其对诊断左主干/三支病变的敏感性、特异性和相关性。结果 QRS波宽度及aVR导联ST段抬高是左主干/三支病变的独立预测因子,OR值分别为9.04(95%CI,4.88～16.7)、7.10(95%CI,4.91～76.2);QRS间期≥90ms和aVR导联ST段抬高≥0.5mm预测左主干/三支病变的敏感性及特异性分别为88%、76%及88%、86%。结论 QRS波增宽及aVR导联ST段抬高是NSTE-ACS患者左主干/三支病变较为灵敏的预测因子。     

心电图avL导联T波改变对判断左前降支前中段阻塞的预示意义

目的探讨急性冠状动脉综合征中心电图av L导联T波改变对判断左前降支前中段阻塞的预示意义。方法经信息科检索中国医科大学附属盛京医院滑翔院区2009年1月至2010年7月因急性冠状动脉综合征入院并行冠状动脉造影的194例患者,其平均年龄为65岁,男140例,查阅其造影记录及心电图,按av L导联T波形态分为倒置组与非倒置组,通过Logistic回归分析av L导联T波与冠状动脉病变之间的关系。结果与av L导联T波非倒置组相比,T波倒置组的前降支中段狭窄程度更高(P0.05)。T波倒置与前降支中段血管狭窄程度独立相关(P0.05)。结论急性冠状动脉综合征中av L导联T波倒置与左前降支前中段阻塞独立相关,可作为预测左前降支前中段阻塞方法之一。     

NQMI心电图定位诊断与冠状动脉造影术的对比研究

目的　探讨无 Q波型急性心肌梗死 ( NQMI)的心电图定位诊断。方法　对 7例 NQMI患者以记分法研究其心电图 ST-T改变 ,并与冠状动脉造影术结果进行比较。结果　 7例 NQMI病员 ST段均呈水平或下斜形压低 ,深度 >0 .1m V,伴或不伴急性期 T波异常。冠状动脉造影证实左前降支病变 6例 (同时合并左冠状动脉回旋支、右冠状动脉病变 2例 ) ,其中前侧壁导联 ( I、a VL、V4- 6)显示 ST段压低伴 T波倒置者 4例 ,不伴 T波变化者 1例 ,侧壁导联 ( V4- 6) ST段压低伴 T波变化者 1例 ;左冠状动脉回旋支及右冠状动脉病变 1例 ,显示为侧壁 ( V4- 6)导联 ST压低 ,不伴 T波异常。结论　常规心电图 ST-T异常的导联可以用作初步判定NQMI梗死相关动脉及病变部位的标志 ,尤以累及左前降支者更具临床意义     

全导联T波倒置

正常成人T波在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、V3～V6导联直立,aVR导联倒置,aVL、Ⅲ、V1导联直立或倒置。1991年,Walder和Spodick首先提出了全导联T波倒置(global Twave inversion)这一心电图新概念,他们在连续30000帧心电图中发现100例患者全导联T波倒置。     

急性心肌梗死后T波演变与左心功能的关系

目的 探讨ST段抬高型心肌梗死由急性期到慢性期T波的演变规律及其与左心功能的关系.方法 选择急性前壁心肌梗死患者142例.据心电图T波的形态分为T波永久倒置组、T波持续直立组和T波演变组.据T波倒置深度分为浅倒组、中倒组和深倒组.记录各组T波振幅、超声心动指标和冠状动脉造影结果.结果 ①在AMI后慢性期T波演变组较T波永久倒置组和T波持续直立组LVEF偏高,LVEDD和室壁运动指数(WMI)偏低,主要心脏不良事件发生率低.②3个月直立组左心功能优于6个月和12个月直立组.③T波深倒组左心功能好于浅倒组和中倒组,且其无复流发生率低,主要心脏不良事件少.结论 T波极性正常化的早晚及倒置的深度,可以评估左心功能、判断预后.     

心脏记忆T波和缺血性T波的对比研究

目的:探讨心脏记忆T波和缺血性T波的鉴别标准。方法:11例置入心脏起搏器的病态窦房结综合征患者组成心脏记忆T波组;40例因不稳定性心绞痛或非ST段抬高型心肌梗死而行冠状动脉介入治疗的患者组成缺血性T波组。记录同步体表12导联心电图,分析各导联T波倒置分布情况并测量校正QT间期(QTC)、QRS波群及T波额面电轴。结果:心脏记忆T波组中肢体导联Ⅰ、aVR和aVL的T波倒置发生率(0%)明显低于缺血性T波组,有显著性差异(均P<0.05)。心脏记忆T波组中,Ⅰ导联T波直立或平坦、aVL导联T波直立、胸前导联中最大的T波倒置幅度(TWIc)大于Ⅲ导联T波倒置幅度(TWIⅢ),上述3项指标同时并存的发生率为91%,明显高于缺血性T波组(2%),有显著性差异(P<0.05)。联合应用aVL导联T波直立、Ⅰ导联T波直立或平坦及TWIc>TWIⅢ指标诊断心脏记忆T波的敏感性为91%,特异性为98%(P<0.05)。心脏记忆T波组的T波平均额面电轴偏离缺血性T波组的平均额面电轴指向(-74±8度vs.131±68度,P<0.05)。结论:Ⅰ、aVL导联的T波形态及胸前导联最大T波倒置幅度是否大于Ⅲ导联T波倒置幅度是鉴别心脏记忆T波和缺血性T波的可靠指标。     

aVR导联ST段抬高患者冠脉病变特点及预后评价

目的探讨心电图aVR导联ST段抬高对急性冠脉综合征患者远期预后的诊断价值。方法根据心电图有无aVR导联ST段抬高将878例急性冠脉综合征患者分为观察组和对照组。对比分析两组患者冠状动脉病变特点和一年内心血管事件发生率。结果对照组813例患者中,左主干病变10例、三支病变58例,一年内发生心血管事件21例。观察组65例患者中,左主干病60例、三支病变4例,一年内发生心血管事件9例。组间比较差异有统计学意义,p0.05。aVR导联ST段诊断左主干病变的敏感性为92.3%,特异性为98.8%,阳性预测值为85.7%。结论心电图aVR导联ST段抬高对急性冠脉综合征患者左主干病变有较好的诊断价值,并对患者心血管事件发生率具有较高的预测价值。     

aVR ST段抬高对急性冠状动脉综合征患者罪犯病变的预测价值

目的 探讨aVR ST段抬高对非ST段抬高性急性冠状动脉综合征患者罪犯病变的预测价值.方法 选择因非ST段抬高性急性冠状动脉综合征入院的患者213例,根据aVR ST段分为抬高组和不抬高组,分析心电图与冠状动脉造影结果及冠状动脉病变范围及狭窄程度（以Gensini积分表示）的关系.结果 抬高组Gensini积分（58.16±43.85）高于不抬高组（23.53±26.80）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.而ST段抬高的3个亚组（抬高＜0.10mV、0.10～0.15mV、＞0.15mV）Gensini积分差异均无统计学意义（均P ＞0.05）.aVR ST段抬高0.5mV以上对左主干病变的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为77.8%、59.5%、34.0%、90.9%;对三支病变分别为82.1%、67.1%、53.4%、89.1%;对左主干合并三支病变分别为88.5%、57.2%、22.3%、97.3%.结论 aVR ST段抬高者病变较重,但抬高幅度并不能预测狭窄程度.aVR ST段抬高是急性冠状动脉综合征左主干和（或）三支病变较强的预测因子.     

aVR导联对非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征冠状动脉病变的预测价值简

目的 通过与冠状动脉造影对比,研究aVR导联ST段改变的特征对非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征病变血管的预测价值.方法 分析625例非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者一般资料、心电图、超声心动图及冠状动脉造影结果.结果 aVR导联无ST段抬高组（n=537）、ST段抬高0.05～0.1 mrn组（n=58）、ST段抬高＞0.1 mm组（n=30）的左心室射血分数分别为53.6％±7.2％、50.2％±6.8％、48.2％±6.4％,3组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.003）;恶性心律失常（室性心动过速或心室颤动）发生率分别为3.4％、8.6％、13.3％,3组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.008）;病死率分别为2.2％、5.2％、10％,3组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.026）;左主干和（或）三支病变的发生率分别为24.8％、37.9％、56.7％,3组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.0005）.结论 非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者出现aVR导联ST段抬高对判断左主干或三支病变有预测价值,应引起高度重视.     

ST segment elevation in lead aVR and coronary artery lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome

INTRODUCTION: Recently, the prognostic value of ST segment elevation in lead aVR in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its relationship with significant stenosis of the left main coronary artery (LMCAS) and three-vessel disease have been highlighted. AIM: Analysis of the relationship between ST segment elevation observed in aVR lead and angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patients with ACS. METHODS: The study involved 134 patients with ACS, including 54 subjects with ST elevation in aVR (group A) and 80 patients without elevation of ST in the same lead (group B), aged 33-78 years, mean 59.9+/-9.7 years. The severity of coronary artery disease was compared between the two groups. The logistic regression model was used for the analysis of factors affecting ST segment in aVR, as well as LMCAS and three-vessel disease probability. RESULTS: In patients with ST elevation in aVR, three-vessel disease prevalence was two times higher (61.1% vs 35.0%; p <0.01), and LMCAS - three times higher (55.6% vs 17.5%; p <0.000001) than in those without ST elevation in aVR. Factors independently associated with ST elevation in aVR were LMCAS (OR 6.1; 95% CI 2.62-14.23; p <0.00005), ST segment elevation in V1 (OR 3.03; 95% CI 1.34-6.86; p <0.01) and diabetes (OR 2.89; 95% CI 1.17-7.15; p <0.05). The predictors of LMCAS were three-vessel disease and ST elevation in aVR, while the predictors of three-vessel disease were: LMCAS, diabetes, male gender and history of myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS: Elevation of the ST segment in aVR in the setting of acute coronary syndrome identifies patients with severe coronary artery disease. Only left main coronary artery disease, however, remains independently associated with ST segment elevation in aVR. Three-vessel disease and the left main coronary artery stenosis equivalent are not independent predictors of ST segment elevation in aVR of standard electrocardiograms recorded in patients with acute coronary syndrome.     

急性冠脉综合征患者血清氮末端脑钠尿肽原水平与冠脉病变程度的关系

目的:探讨急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者血清氮末端脑钠尿肽原（NT-proBNP）水平与冠脉病变程度之间的关系。方法: 对150例因胸痛入院的患者行选择性冠状动脉造影,其中ACS组78例,稳定型心绞痛(SAP)组33例,冠状动脉造影正常组39例,采用冠状动脉造影Gensini积分评价冠状动脉病变的严重程度,同期测定患者血清NT-proBNP及左室射血分数（LVEF）,分析NT-proBNP基线水平与LVEF及Gensini积分的关系。结果: ①ACS组NT-proBNP浓度明显高于SAP组与正常组（均P<0.05）。SAP组NT-proBNP浓度明显高于正常组（P<0.05）。②ACS患者NT-proBNP水平与Gensini积分呈正相关（Pearson偏相关系数r＝0.84,P<0.01）。③多元逐步回归结果显示,ACS患者,影响NT-proBNP浓度的因素为冠状动脉造影积分和LVEF（冠状动脉造影Gensini积分的偏决定系数R2=0.8327,P<0.01;LVEF 的偏决定系数R2=0.0034,P>0.05）。结论: ACS患者血清NT-proBNP水平与冠脉病变程度高度相关。     

急性冠脉综合征患者并发焦虑障碍与冠状动脉狭窄严重程度的相关性

目的:探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者并发焦虑障碍患者焦虑评分与冠状动脉狭窄严重程度的关系。方法:180例ACS患者采用Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)测试评分,分为焦虑组和非焦虑组,并行冠状动脉造影检查及心脏彩超检查测左室射血分数(LVEF),对冠状动脉病变狭窄程度进行Gensini评分,分析SAS评分与ACS患者冠状动脉病变评分(Gensini评分)的关系。结果:根据SAS评分将ACS患者分为无焦虑组82例,焦虑组98例(轻度焦虑54例,中度30例,重度14例)。焦虑组冠状动脉病变评分(Gensini评分)为(36±22)分,显著高于无焦虑组Gensini评分(25±13)分(P<0.01)。SAS评分与冠状动脉病变Gensini积分呈正相关(r=0.36,P<0.01)。结论:ACS患者焦虑障碍程度与冠脉病变狭窄程度相关。     

急性冠脉综合征患者冠状动脉狭窄程度与左室射血分数的相关性

目的 探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者冠状动脉狭窄程度与左室射血分数(LVEF)的相关性。方法 分析647例ACS患者,按ACS患者冠状动脉狭窄程度的Gensini评分分为2组:Gensini≥45组(328例)和Gensini<45组(319例)。比较组间基线特征差异。采用Gensini评分系统对每位患者造影结果进行评分,用以衡量冠状动脉狭窄程度。应用Spearman双侧相关分析及多因素回归分析研究Gensini评分与LVEF的关系。结果 Gensini评分较高组,其FBG、Hb A1c、WBC、LA均升高,LVEF、HDL-C及Ca2+降低。Spearman相关分析显示Gensini评分与心脏LVEF呈显著负相关(r=-0.28,P<0.01)。多因素回归分析结果表明,冠状动脉狭窄程度的积分与心脏LVEF独立相关,其偏相关系数β=-0.313,P<0.01。结论 ACS患者冠状动脉狭窄程度与LVEF独立相关。     

Upright T waves in lead aVR are associated with cardiac death or hospitalization for heart failure in patients with a prior myocardial infarction

The aim of the present study was to clarify the prognostic significance of upright T waves (amplitude > 0 mV) in lead aVR in patients with a prior myocardial infarction (MI). We retrospectively examined 167 patients with a prior MI. The primary end point was cardiac death or hospitalization for heart failure. During a follow-up period of 6.5 ± 2.8 years, 34 patients developed the primary end point. A Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a lower primary event-free rate in patients with upright T waves in lead aVR than in those with nonupright T waves in lead aVR (P = 0.001). Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses showed that age, gender, chronic kidney disease, anterior wall MI, upright T waves in lead aVR, left ventricular ejection fraction, loop diuretic use, and spironolactone use were significantly associated with the primary end point. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis selected age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.16, P < 0.001], upright T waves in lead aVR (HR 3.10, 95% CI 1.23-7.82, P = 0.017), and loop diuretic use (HR 4.61, 95% CI 1.55-13.67, P = 0.006) as independent predictors of the primary end point. In conclusion, the presence of upright T waves in lead aVR is an independent predictor of cardiac death or hospitalization for heart failure in patients with a prior MI. The analysis of T-wave amplitude in lead aVR provides useful prognostic information in patients with a prior MI.     

巨大负性T波患者冠心病的预测影响因素

目的：探讨心电图巨大负性T波在冠心病诊断中的预测价值。方法：回顾性分析1998年1月至2001年12月64例心电图示巨大负性T波并在我院行冠状动脉造影检查的患者，对其心电图、超声心动图和临床资料进行统计分析。结果：心电图示无左心室肥厚或表现为对称性巨大负性T波则支持冠心病的诊断。巨大负性T波患者心电图缺乏左心室肥厚较对称性T波倒置对冠心病更有预测价值。结论：心电图巨大负性T波患者不伴左心室肥厚或对称性T波倒置是预测冠心病的重要因素。     

Relationship between arterial stiffness parameters and the extent and severity of coronary artery disease

BackgroundThe association between arterial stiffness (AS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) has been previously demonstrated. In the present study, we aim to investigate the relationship between various AS parameters and the extent and severity of CAD.MethodsThe study population consisted of 411 patients with CAD documented by coronary angiography. We measured various AS parameters including augmentation index (AIx), augmentation pressure (AP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), central systolic pressure (cSys), central diastolic pressure (cDia) and central pulse pressure (cPP) with pulse wave analysis. Angiographic images were used to calculate Gensini score and Syntax score. AS parameters were compared using Gensini score and Syntax score.ResultsSyntax score is correlated with age, cSys, cPP, PWV, AP, brachial pulse pressure (bPP), hemoglobin, urea, diabetes mellitus, left main coronary artery disease (p < 0.10 for each). However, Gensini score is correlated only with age, diabetes mellitus, left main coronary artery disease and bPP (p < 0.10 for each). Multivariate analysis revealed age, diabetes mellitus, left main coronary artery disease and bPP as significant predictors of Syntax score; however, for Gensini score, age, diabetes mellitus, gender, left main coronary artery disease, and bPP are determined as predictors.ConclusionAS parameters are not associated with Syntax score or Gensini score. Apart from traditional risk factors, bPP appears to be the only significant predictor for Syntax score and Gensini score.