急性冠状动脉综合征生物标志物与危险分层

冠心病预后改善的基础是由于临床诊断水平的提高和有效的早期风险干预治疗，而一系列有效的早期干预治疗关键在于要求冠心病危险度评估更为准确、更为量化以便为患者选择合适的治疗方案。现代急性冠状动脉综合征（acute coronarysy ndrome，ACS）是主要指以下两种情况：（1）不稳定心绞痛（tinstable angina pectoris，UAP）和非ST段抬高性心肌梗塞（non—ST segment elevation myocardial infarction，NSTEMI）；（2）ST段抬高性心肌梗塞（ST segment elevation myocardial infarction。STE—MI）。ACS是急性冠状动脉事件，因有发病急、病死率高的特点，是当今社会严重危害人体健康的主要疾病之一。     

生物标志物对急性冠状动脉综合征的诊断价值研究进展

急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)是以冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂或糜烂,继发完全或不完全闭塞性血栓形成为病理基础的一组临床综合征,它是包括不稳定型心绞痛、非ST段抬高型心肌梗死和ST段抬高型心肌梗死的一系列临床病征。冠状动脉斑块的炎症是导致斑块不稳定,继而诱发ACS的主要因素,其间伴有炎症细胞因子释放,凝血系统激活和血栓形成,心肌细胞坏死及心室压力的改变等。快速而准确地诊断ACS可在早期识别患者并及时给予干预措施,有助于降低不良事件的发生率。现就ACS各病理过程所涉及的研究较多的生物标志物进行分类表述,以期从多方面了解ACS并比较各生物标志物对其的诊断价值。     

急性冠状动脉综合征相关新生物标志物研究现状

<正>急性冠状动脉综合征(acute coronary svndrome,ACS)是以冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂或侵袭,血小板聚集、继发完全或不完全闭塞性血栓形成为病理基础的一组临床综合征~[1]。ACS可导致恶性心律失常、心力衰竭及猝死等严重心血管不良事件。近些年ACS发病率及病死率逐年上升,成为威胁人类健康和生命的严重疾病~[2]。研究发现,不稳定性斑块相关生物标志物与炎性生物标志物与ACS的发生、发展有     

炎症标志物与急性冠状动脉综合征

动脉粥样硬化性疾病是一种慢性、非特异性、炎性疾病。在动脉粥样硬化性疾病的不同临床表现过程中,炎症与其发生和发展的所有阶段有关。急性冠状动脉综合征是冠心病的特殊疾病谱,新近研究证实,炎症在急性冠状动脉综合征患者的粥样斑块破裂与血栓形成中起主要作用。炎症与易损斑块的形成有关;临床试验证据支持炎症在急性冠状动脉综合征发生中的病因学地位;炎症标志物的使用,也提供了一个了解急性冠状动脉综合征病理生理机制的窗口。因此,急性冠状动脉综合征可以认为是一种心血管急性炎症综合征。     

急性冠状动脉综合征的生化标志物研究进展

急性冠状动脉综合征 (Acute coronary syndrome,ACS)是由于冠状动脉 (简称为冠脉 )内粥样斑块破裂、表面破损或出现裂纹继而出血和血栓形成 ,引起冠脉不完全或完全阻塞所致 ,临床表现为完全无症状、不稳定性心绞痛 (UA)、急性心肌梗死 (AMI)或心源性猝死 [1]。对于理解 ACS作为一个连续病理生理过程特点以及提高诊断准确性、降低误诊率、对 ACS患者危险分层、预后判断来说 ,心肌酶学的应用已经不完全能满足 ,这就要求人们不断开发对心肌细胞损伤坏死高度特异、敏感 ,释放足够早 ,持续时间足够用于检测的其他生化标志物。本文拟就 AC…     

急性冠状动脉综合征心肌标志物检测的现状

世界卫生组织 (ＷＨＯ)在 2 0世纪 70年代新制订了心肌梗死 (ＭＩ)的诊断标准 ,凡具备下列三项中有二项就可诊断 :①典型的症状 (如胸部不适 ) ;②酶活性增高 ;③典型心电图(ＥＣＧ)改变。此标准简单明了 ,很快被全球应用。此标准提出至今已近 30年 ,在诊断技术上此后有很大变化 ,尤其是酶学测定 ,例如 :谷草转氨酶、α 羟丁酸脱氢酶、γ转酰基磷酸转肽酶、丙酮脱氨酶等既不敏感、又不特异 ,已废弃不用。当时提出的肌酸激酶 (ＣＫ)、乳酸脱氢酶 (ＬＤＨ)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(ＡＳＴ)的动态变化 ,但随后发现前两者的同工酶 (ＭＢ)的诊断价值比总…     

急性冠状动脉综合征病人的衣原体肺炎接触和炎症标志物

一些研究表明 ,冠状动脉病变的病人存在衣原体肺炎 (ＣＰ)抗体 (ＣＰＩｇＧ)滴度、Ｃ 反应蛋白(ＣＲＰ)和纤维蛋白原浓度升高。这种感染及其炎症标志物对促发急性冠状动脉综合征 (ＡＣＳ)的作用尚不清楚。作者探讨了ＣＰ抗体和炎症标志物与ＡＣＳ的关系。方法　怀疑有ＡＣＳ急诊入院的 83 0例病人列为研究对象 ,年龄 ( 63± 1 5)岁 ,男性占 57%,其中排除因患恶性肿瘤近 2个月内治疗 ,有获得性免疫缺陷综合征、长期应用激素、接受免疫抑制治疗等病史者。获得病人心血管疾病史及因冠心病进行血管再通术和近 6个月内发生呼吸道疾病及应用抗生素…     

急性冠状动脉综合征与炎症相关的的生化标志物研究进展

局部或全身性炎症在急性冠状动脉综合征 (ACS)中起着重要作用。 C-反应蛋白、粘附分子、CD40 L、细胞因子、金属蛋白酶、核因子 -κB等参与这种炎症反应过程及其调节 ,作为 ACS的炎症标志物 ,在 ACS的临床诊断、治疗及预后具有一定价值。     

急性冠状动脉综合征与炎症标志物

目的炎症在急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)形成过程中起关键作用并影响其临床进展,ACS 患者炎症因子水平明显升高,这些炎症标志物对 ACS 的诊断、治疗、预后具有重要的指导意义。     

急性冠脉综合征的治疗进展

急性冠状动脉综合征(acute coronary syndromes,ACS)是以冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块破溃,继发完全或不完全闭塞性血栓形成为病理基础的一组临床综合征,包括不稳定型心绞痛、急性心肌梗死或猝死.近年随着人们对ACS病理生理机制以及治疗策略的认识不断深入,尤其是循证医学的发展,使ACS的治疗手段有了进一步的提高.     

Cardiac biomarkers for infarct diagnosis and early exclusion of acute coronary syndrome

The acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represents a diagnostic challenge: on the one hand patients need to be quickly identified to initiate treatment and on the other hand early exclusion of patients without ACS is important to relieve patient stress as well as overcrowded emergency departments. A growing number of biomarkers are becoming available to aid physicians with this task. This review gives an overview of the current research concerning early exclusion with an emphasis on the clinically most important biomarker: cardiac troponin.     

Dynamics of changes of blood inflammatory-oxidative biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome

Some inflammatory cytokines and parameters of low density lipoproteins (LDL) oxidative modification were studied in blood of 250 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients--Siberian inhabitants, men and women with myocardial infarction (MI) or unstable angina on first, tenth and thirtieth days of disease. The inflammatory biomarkers in men and women with MI are: increased concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and C-reactive protein (CRP), especially on the first day of disease. The most significant inflammatory biomarker of ACS is increased CRP level, especially in women. Oxidative biomarkers in men with ACS are increased basal level of LDL lipid peroxidation (LPO) products and decreased LDL resistance to oxidation. Inflammatory-oxidative biomarkers IL-6, IL-8, CRP and basal level of LDL LPO products are correlated and independently associated with MI.     

Periodontal status and Prevotella intermedia antibody in acute coronary syndrome

We performed periodontal examination and measured serum antibody levels against Prevotella intermedia in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Composite periodontal risk scores were significantly higher in the ACS group than in the coronary artery disease (CAD) group. Serum antibody levels were higher in the ACS group than in the CAD group and those were significantly correlated with the composite periodontal risk scores. These results provided important information about the status of P. intermedia infection in patients with ACS.     

Current status on plasma biomarkers for acute mesenteric ischemia

Clinical diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia is difficult. The aim of this review is to provide current status on the search for an accurate plasma biomarker for acute mesenteric ischemia. A search using the medical subject heading terms marker and mesenteric ischemia or intestinal ischemia or superior mesenteric artery occlusion or mesenteric venous thrombosis in the Medline and Embase databases from 1980 to 2011. Studies without a control group or a control group consisted of healthy individuals (human studies), or studies on intestinal reperfusion were excluded. Twenty animal and twelve human studies were identified. In human studies, the studied series of patients had a control group that had a need of laparotomy (n = 2), suspected acute mesenteric ischemia (n = 7), acute abdomen (n = 2) or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (n = 1). d-dimer has been found to be the most consistent highly sensitive early marker, but specificity was low. The follow-up study on α-glutathione S-transferase yielded inferior sensitivity and accuracy than the preliminary study, clearly questioning the value of this marker. Intestinal fatty acid binding globulin (I-FABP) and d-lactate are both interesting markers, but the results were conflicting. Different cut-off levels have been used in the studies on I-FABP. The encouraging preliminary result of cobalt-albumin and urinary FABP as an accurate marker needs to be addressed in other study populations. The early clinical and laboratory diagnosis of intestinal ischemia remains a challenge. None of the proposed plasma-derived tests for acute mesenteric ischemia has as yet entered routine clinical practice. The proposed biomarkers need to be evaluated in a prospective clinical research project in patients with acute abdomen.     

戒烟对急性冠脉综合征患者血清炎症标志物水平的影响

目的 探讨戒烟对急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者血清炎症标志物水平的影响.方法 对216例有吸烟史的ACS患者进行一般情况调查,按是否戒烟分为两组：戒烟组和吸烟组,另取同期40例无吸烟史的ACS患者为对照组.检测所有患者空腹血清高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、纤维蛋白原水平和白细胞计数.结果 ①三组之间年龄、收缩压、LDL-C、TG、血糖、饮酒、运动、BMI差异均无统计学意义,但心血管事件的发生率有统计学意义.②三组之间hs-CRP（mg/L）（4.16±0.52、5.46±0.68、2.68±0.32）、纤维蛋白原（g/L）（3.84±0.41、4.38±0.53、2.52±0.33）、白细胞计数（×109/L）（6.23±0.82、7.58±0.78、5.44±0.65）差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.③戒烟组依据戒烟时间亚组分析,戒烟0～1年、1～5年、5年以上各组之间hs-CRP、纤维蛋白原、白细胞计数差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;戒烟5年以上者血清炎症标志物水平接近无吸烟史患者.结论 戒烟可以降低ACS患者心血管事件的发生,明显降低ACS患者血清炎症标志物水平,且与戒烟时间有关.     

High-risk acute coronary syndrome patients and cardiac biomarkers in the emergency department: any role for new biomarkers of myocardial ischaemia?

In a recent editorial, Bagwe et al.¹ discussed the role of cardiacbiomarkers regarding treatment and outcomes of patients withevolving myocardial infarction (MI) in the context of the SYNERGYtrial.² High-risk acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients withelevated cardiac troponin (cTnT) benefit from early invasivetherapy, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, combined anti-plateletagent treatment, and the use of low molecular-weight heparins.However, while cTnT measurement     

非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征的治疗

急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)是一个疾病谱的统称,通常在冠状动脉粥样硬化的基础上,斑块破裂、破损或出血、痉挛,导致血栓形成。完全或不完全堵塞冠状动脉的急性病变为病理基础的一组临床综合征,包括不稳定型心绞痛(UA)、急性心肌梗死(AMI)或猝死。近年来的研究使人们对ACS从概念、