抗远缘链球菌OMZ176表面蛋白抗原（220kD）单克隆抗体的制备

采用远缘链球菌ＯＭＺ１７６（ｄ血清型）全菌细胞作抗原，通过免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，细胞融合，杂交瘤细胞的筛选及亚克隆，最终获得抗远缘链球菌ＯＭＺ１７６表面蛋白抗原（２２０ｋＤ）的单克隆抗体（Ｗｃ３Ａ６）。结果表明：ＭｃＡｂ的Ｉｇ及亚类鉴定为ＩｇＧ２ａ，ＥＬＩＳＡ效价１：８０００，Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ Ｂ１－ｏｔｉｎｇ鉴定可见ＭｃＡｂ与２２０ｋＤ蛋白抗原发生特异性结合。与变形链球菌ＭＴ６Ｒ（Ｃ血清型）有弱的     

人巨细胞病毒单克隆抗体的研制检定和应用

采用人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）ＡＤ１６９株作为免疫原，制备出１３株鼠－鼠杂交瘤细胞系。对其中的６株进行了检定．免疫印迹试验结果表明：单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）７Ｂ４、７Ｄ７、７Ｅ１１、８Ｅ８和８Ｄ６相对应的ＨＣＭＶ多肽分子量分别为４６、１５０、３８、５１７２和６５ｋＤ．ＨＣＭＶ感染人胚肺二倍体细胞（２ＢＳ）后不同时间制成抗原片，与ＭｃＡｂ作间接免疫荧光试验。结果表明：ＭｃＡｂ８Ｂ８相应的病毒多肽为即刻早期抗原，其它５株ＭｃＡｂ相应的病毒多肽均为晚期抗原，６株ＭｃＡｂ等量混合后，标上辣根过氧化物酶，用于ＩｇＭ抗体捕获法ＥＬＩＳＡ（ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ）中，并与间接ＥＬＩＳＡ（ＩＥＬＩＳＡ）同时检测ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ．在未经选择的１００份脐带血中，两法均为阳性的３份，两法均为阴性的９４份；ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ阳性而ＩＥＬＩＳＡ阴性的２份血清的特异性试验证明，ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ确为阳性．ＩＥＬＩＳＡ阳性而ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ阴性的１份血清的特异性试验证明，它是由ＲＦ引起的假阳性。     

抗D型葡萄球菌肠毒素单克隆抗体的研制及其初步应用

应用小鼠杂交瘤技术获得了５株分泌抗Ｄ型葡萄球菌肠毒素（ＳＥＤ）ＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤细胞（ＤＣ３、ＤＣ４、ＤＢ１１、４Ｄ３和４Ｄ５）。其中４Ｄ３为ＩｇＭ（λ），其余为ＩｇＧ１（ｋ）。这组ＭｃＡｂ除ＤＣ３外，其它４株ＭｃＡｂ识别的抗原构象表位相同，其相亲和力依次为４Ｄ５〉ＤＣ３〉ＤＣ４〉４Ｄ３〉ＤＢ１１。利用抗ＳＥＤ多克隆抗体ＨＲＰ标记的ＤＣ３和４Ｄ３（针对不同表位）混合ＭｃＡｂ建立了夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法，并     

人心肌肌钙蛋白T单克隆抗体的研制及鉴定

以人心肌肌钙蛋白Ｔ（ｃＴｎＴ）为抗原，采用脾内免疫法，免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，取其脾淋巴细胞与小鼠Ｓｐ２／０细胞融合，经间接ＥＬＩＳＡ法筛选，三次克隆化后获得５株能稳定分泌抗ｃＴｎＴ单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）的杂交瘤细胞Ｇ３、Ｇ８、Ｇ１０、Ａ５和Ａ７。免疫球蛋白亚类鉴定其中１株为ＩｇＧ２ａ，４株为ＩｇＭ。染色体数目９２～１１０条。将Ｇ３、Ｇ８、Ｇ１０、Ａ５的单克隆抗体腹水做１：１００稀释与ＬＤＨ、ＣＫ、ＣＫＭＢ和ＧＯＴ等心肌酶均无交叉反应。５株ＭｃＡｂ的腹水效价为３．２×１０－６～１．６×１０－７。ＭｃＡｂ相加试验表明，Ａ５和Ｇ３可识别不同的抗原表位。     

一个新的CD4单克隆抗体的研制

用基因工程重组人ＣＤ４分子免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，制备了一个分泌抗ＣＤ４ＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤细胞株。该ＭｃＡｂ与ＣＤ４分子有强反应，其亲和力常数Ｋａｆｆ＝６．１２５×１０￣９Ｍ￣（－１）。竞争结合实验表明，它与ＡＴＣＣ克隆ＣＲＬ８００２（ＯＫＴ４）分泌的ＭｃＡｂ分别识别ＣＤ４分子中不同的表位，其腹水滴度较ＡＴＣＣ（ＯＫＴ４）ＭｃＡｂ腹水高约１０倍。     

APAAP免疫印迹技术对抗副流感病毒1，3型单克隆抗体识别抗原表位的研究

副流感病毒１，３型（ＰａｒａｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｚａＶｉｒｕｓｔｙｐｅ１，３：ＰＩＶ＿１．３）单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）应用免疫印迹技术（Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ）识别抗原表位特性。结果表明：ＰＩＶ＿１．３抗原经还原剂处理后，ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ５％～１５％梯度胶电泳，能分辨二十多条清晰的蛋白带。转印后采用碱性磷酸酶抗碱性磷酸酶复合物（ＡＰＡＡＰ）染色，本底浅，呈玫瑰红色带，优于ＨＲＰ染色结果。ＰＩＶ＿１的５株ＭｃＡｂ：ＩＣ＿５、ＩＨ＿６、ＩＨ＿２、ＩＣ＿１０、３Ｄ＿５分别与６８ｋＤ～５０ｋＤ、６８ｋＤ、５８ｋＤ～２７ｋＤ、５５ｋＤ～５０ｋＤ、５０ｋＤ对应ＰＩＶ＿１的蛋白质抗原表位起反应。ＰＩＶ＿３的６株ＭｃＡｂ：２Ａ＿１０、５Ｇ＿３、２Ｄ＿１１、２Ｅ＿１０、２Ｂ＿１２、４Ｆ＿１２与７０ｋＤ、６８ｋＤ、６０ｋＤ～５０ｋＤ、５５ｋｐ～４０ｋＤ、５５ｋＤ、４０ｋＤ对应的蛋白质抗原表位特异结合，说明ＰＩＶ＿１．３的１１株ＭｃＡｂ同对应抗原表位点的结合分布较广，有利于对ＰＩＶ＿１．３抗原的快速、敏感、特异检测。     

抗D型葡萄球菌肠毒素单克隆抗体的研制及其初步应用

应用小鼠杂交瘤技术获得５株分泌抗Ｄ型葡萄球菌肠毒素（ＳＥＤ）ＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤细胞（ＤＣ３、ＤＣ４、ＤＢ１１、４Ｄ３和４Ｄ５）。其中４Ｄ３为ＩｇＭ（λ），其余为ＩｇＧ１（ｋ）。这组ＭｃＡｂ除ＤＣ３外，其它４株ＭｃＡｂ识别的抗原构象表位相同，其相对亲和力依次为４Ｄ５＞ＤＣ３＞ＤＣ４＞４Ｄ３＞ＤＢｌｌ。利用抗ＳＥＤ多克隆抗体与ＨＲＰ标记的ＤＣ３和４Ｄ３（针对不同表位）混合ＭｃＡｂ建立了夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法，并以该法检测了自临床标本中分离的８０林金葡萄菌所产生的ＳＥＤ，其产毒率为４１．３％。     

人Ⅳ型胶原蛋白提取及其单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

从人胎盘提取Ⅳ型胶原（ＣＯＬⅣ）为抗原，免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，取其脾细胞与Ｓｐ２／０骨髓瘤细胞融合，获得３株分泌抗ＣＯＬⅣ单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞。间接ＥＬＩＳＡ测定表明，３株ＭｃＡｂ与ＣＯＬⅣ有较强的反应，而与其它３种胶原及４种测试蛋白均无交叉反应。其中２株ＭｃＡｂ的亲和力都在１０（１１）以上。关键词     

空斑法筛选具有中和活性的抗衣原体粘连蛋白McAb

本研究制备了抗１８ｋＤａ粘连蛋白的单克隆抗体，并证实在不同血清型之间，甚至不同种衣原体之间１８ｋＤａ粘连蛋白具有一定的共同抗原表位。我们建立的空斑形成试验和单克隆抗体空斑减少中和试验，实验结果明显、客观，易于判定，稳定性好。用此筛选出县有中和活性的２Ｂ９ＭｃＡｂ。该ＭｃＡｂ不同于目前已报道的ＭｃＡｂ，其中和活性不依赖于补体，而可能是抑制衣原体的粘附。     

抗淋球菌PIA单克隆抗体的制备和应用分析

用淋球菌全菌体免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，取脾细胞与Ｓｐ２／０骨髓瘤细胞融合，以纯化ＰＩＡ做ＥＬＩＳＡ间接法筛选，获得５株稳定分泌抗ＰＩＡ的ＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤细胞株。５株ＭｃＡｂ中３株为ＩｇＭ类（２Ｈ１１，４Ｈ８，４Ｅ１０），另２株分别为ＩｇＧ１（１Ｃ２）和ＩｇＧ２ｂ（５Ａ５）亚类。２Ｈ１１和１Ｃ２为高亲和力抗体，１Ｃ２与５Ａ５识别的抗原表位相同。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ试验表明，５株ＭｃＡｂ均能从复杂的淋球菌菌体崩解物中特异地识别分子量为３５ＫＤａ的ＰＩＡ抗原，与淋球菌ＰＩＢ无交叉反应。     

人脐带血清不同组分对CD3AK细胞增殖的影响

人脐带血清有很好的支持ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞增殖的活性，本文证明这种活性主要在大分子血清物质中。用截留分子量为１０５的滤膜超滤合并的人脐带血清，分成上下两部分，各占全血清的１／４和３／４。膜上部分为＞１０５血清；膜下部分为＜１０５血清。促进ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞增殖的活性，主要在＞１０５血清；＜１０５血清的活性较低，尤其是对４天以上的增殖，即使增加浓度，添加＜１０５血清组的ＣＤ３Ａ细胞数目还是随培养天数下降。培养液中添加全脐带血清、＞１０５血清或重混合脐血清、ＣＤ３单抗和白细胞介素－１（ＩＬ－１），促进ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞增殖；若培养液中改加＜１０５血清，则ＣＤ３单抗和ＩＬ－１反而使ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞减少。此外，这两部分血清组分对ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞合成ＤＮＡ和ＲＮＡ、对其表型、细胞表面分子表达和其杀伤活性均有不同影响。上述结果提示，人脐带血清中有分子量超过１０５的促进ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞增殖的物质。     

Serological and genetic examination of some nontypical Streptococcus mutans strains.

Thirty-four strains of Streptococcus mutans whose antigenic or genetic positions were unclear or unknown with respect to the serological scheme of Bratthall (1970) and Perch et al. (1974), or the genetic (deoxyribonucleic acid base sequence homology) scheme of Coykendall were analyzed to clarify their relationship to previously well-characterized strains. Strain OMZ175 of the "new" serotype f was genetically homologous with strains of S. mutans subsp. mutans. Strains of the "new" serotype g were homologous with serotype d strains (S. mutans subsp. sobrinus). Strains isolated from wild rats constituted a new genetic group but carried the c antigen. Thus, strains within a "genospecies" (subspecies) of S. mutans may not always carry a unique or characteristic antigen. We suggest that the existence of multiple serotypes within subspecies represents antigenic variation and adaptations to hosts.     

利用基因重组抗原研制人CD20单克隆抗体及其功能的研究

目的　利用基因重组抗原免疫小鼠 ,制备人CD2 0单克隆抗体 ,研究其特异性和功能。方法　用表达重组人CD2 0基因的细胞NIH 3T3免疫BALB c小鼠 ,取其脾细胞与Sp2 0细胞融合 ,以间接免疫荧光法筛选杂交瘤上清。免疫沉淀法及流式细胞术鉴定其识别抗原的相对分子质量 (Mr)和特异性 ;以MTT法、流式细胞术及形态学方法检测诱导细胞凋亡和抑制细胞增殖的功能。结果　利用杂交瘤技术获得了 1株抗人CD2 0的单克隆抗体 1 2 8,它具有CD2 0抗体特异的细胞反应谱 ,其识别的抗原Mr 为 33× 10 3 。MTT实验证实 1 2 8能显著抑制Daudi和Raji细胞生长。结论　利用基因重组抗原制备了 1株能够稳定分泌抗人CD2 0的单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株 1 2 8,此单抗具有抑制CD2 0阳性细胞增殖和诱导其凋亡的功能。     

O1群小川型霍乱弧菌单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

目的制备抗O1群小川型霍乱弧菌(VibriocholeraeO1serotypeOgawa)特异性单克隆抗体(McAb),为霍乱的早期快速诊断提供有力的抗体工具。方法以灭活的O1群小川型霍乱弧菌免疫Balbc小鼠,通过杂交瘤技术制备针对O1群小川型霍乱弧菌的McAb,以间接ELISA法对所需的杂交瘤细胞株进行筛选,分析其亚类,检测其效价及相对亲和力,以间接ELISA和Westernblot鉴定McAb特异性,并进行McAb结合表位分析。结果融合了602株能分泌抗O1群小川型霍乱弧菌McAb的杂交瘤细胞株,最后得到5株能稳定分泌特异性的针对该McAb的细胞株,其抗体亚类分别为3株IgG1,1株IgG2b,1株IgG3;腹水效价均达1×10-6;亲和常数在1×108～1×109之间。间接ELISA法及Westernblot证实所获的McAb可与O1群小川型霍乱弧菌发生特异性反应。ELISA相加实验结果显示除有2株McAb识别相同的抗原表位外,其余均识别不同的抗原表位。结论获得霍乱弧菌O1群小川型特异性McAb,为O1群小川型霍乱早期快速诊断和发病机理的研究提供基础。     

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to Streptococcus mutans antigenic determinants I/II, I, II, and III and their serotype specificities.

Monoclonal antibodies (McAb) were developed to four protein components of Streptococcus mutans serotype c, some of which are significant in the protection against dental caries. The six McAb used in this investigation support the identities of streptococcal antigens (SA) I/II, I, II, and III. The specificities of these antigenic determinants were established both by direct binding and inhibition with the pure SA with a solid-phase radioassay. Whereas conventional antisera to S. mutans serotype c cross-react with serotypes c, e, and f (and g), McAb to serotype c-derived SA I/II react predominantly with serotype c and show some low-titer reactivity with serotype f. The slight cross-reactivity between S. mutants cells of serotypes c and f could be further differentiated by absorption of any of the three McAb to SA I/II with cells of serotype c. Parallel studies of McAb with cells of S. mutans and their ammonium sulfate-precipitated culture supernatants suggest that some SA determinants are retained predominantly on the cell surface, but others are readily shed into the culture medium, so that they are detected both on the cell surface and culture medium. Unlike polyclonal antibodies, McAb are capable of discriminating single antigenic determinants and can be applied to the study of shedding of antigens from microorganisms into the environment, such as the gut or gingival sulcus.     

Some Immunochemical Properties of Dextransucrase and Invertase from Streptococcus mutans

Dextransucrase and invertase of some strains of Streptococcus mutans were examined by immunodiffusion with antisera against enzymes purified from strain HS-6 (Bratthall's serotype a). Both antisera cross-reacted with crude enzyme preparations from the other serotype a (strains HS-1 and AHT) and d organisms (strains KIR, OMZ176, and OMZ65) but not with those from serotype b (strains FA-1 and BHT) or c organisms (strains GS-5, Ingbritt, and NCTC 10449). Based upon the antiserum used, the orders of antigenic similarity of the cross-reacting enzymes to the HS-6 enzymes were HS-6 > HS-1 > AHT = KIR = OMZ176 = OMZ65 for dextransucrase and HS-6 = HS-1 > AHT = KIR = OMZ176 = OMZ65 for invertase. It was found that the enzymes from serotype a organisms were not always antigenically homogeneous, as seen between strains HS-6, HS-1, or AHT for dextransucrase, and between the HS group and strain AHT for invertase. Antiserum against the HS-6 dextransucrase markedly inhibited the heterologous dextransucrases of serotype a organisms with the exception of strain HS-1 and d organisms, with or without the addition of dextran.     

Cloning of a Streptococcus sobrinus gtf gene that encodes a glucosyltransferase which produces a high-molecular-weight water-soluble glucan.

The gtf gene coding for glucosyltransferase (GTF), which produces a water-soluble glucan, was cloned from Streptococcus sobrinus OMZ176 (serotype d) into plasmid vector pBR322. This gene was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the product was purified to near homogeneity. The antigenicity of recombinant GTF (rGTF) was examined with the antisera raised against purified GTF P1, P2, P3, and P4 obtained from S. sobrinus AHT (serotype g). The rGTF reacted only with anti-GTF P1 serum in a Western blot (immunoblot) analysis. The rGTF closely resembled GTF P1 in its molecular mass, Km value for sucrose, optimal pH, primer dependency, and immunological properties. The high-molecular-weight, water-soluble glucan produced by the rGTF also resembled that of GTF P1, which is the most efficient primer donor for primer-dependent, water-insoluble glucan synthesis. Properties of the rGTF were also compared with those of rGTFS, which was purified from E. coli carrying the gtfS gene isolated from Streptococcus downei (previously S. sobrinus serotype h) MFe28. Both rGTF and rGTFS synthesized water-soluble glucan from sucrose without primer dextran, but their characteristics in Km values for sucrose, optimal pHs, and polymer sizes of the glucan were different. Furthermore, the gtf gene did not hybridize with the gtfS gene in a Southern blot analysis. These results showed that rGTF is similar to S. sobrinus AHT GTF P1 but distinct from rGTFS that has been previously purified from E. coli carrying the gtfS gene.     

空肠弯曲菌与可提取核抗原的分子交叉反应

取空肠弯曲菌（ＣＪ－Ｓ１３１）免疫的Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞ＳＰ２／Ｏ融合，制备出４种能与空肠弯曲菌和可提取核抗原（ＥＮＡ）起反应的单抗。以Ｈｅｐ－２细胞作基质的免疫荧光染色表明，４种单抗均呈阳性结果，证实为抗核抗体。当单抗腹水被空肠弯曲菌菌体吸收后，其抗ＥＮＡ的活性明显降低，证明这４种单抗与空肠弯曲菌ＣＪ－Ｓ１３１和ＥＮＡ存在交叉反应性。免疫印渍试验表明，４种单抗均与空肠弯曲菌ＣＪ－Ｓ１３１的４３ｋＤ外膜蛋白反应。这一结果提示：空肠弯曲菌ＣＪ－Ｓ１３１的４３ｋＤ外膜蛋白与ＥＮＡ之间可能存在相似的分子构象，这为自身免疫病发机制的分子模拟假说提供了实验的依据。     

Detection and specificity of antibodies secreted by spleen cells in mice immunized with Streptococcus mutans.

Immune responses of mice to Streptococcus mutans serotype c were analyzed by means of the enzyme-linked immunospot assay to determine the predominant specificities of the antibodies developed. In general, the numbers of splenic antibody-secreting cells correlated with serum antibody levels. A low dose (10(8) CFU) of killed whole cells injected twice intraperitoneally induced antibodies mainly against surface protein antigen I/II. A higher dose (10(9) CFU) given two to six times also resulted in a predominance of antigen I/II antibody-secreting cells and, in addition, antibody responses to surface protein antigen III and lipoteichoic acid occurred. Cells producing antibodies to serotype c polysaccharide were elicited only on repeated immunization. These results agreed with the development of antibodies in rabbits repeatedly immunized intravenously with killed whole cells of S. mutans, S. rattus, and S. sobrinus, which induced specific antibodies in accordance with the surface antigens that they express. Mice immunized twice with the same dose of purified antigens I/II and III developed greater numbers of antigen I/II splenic antibody-forming cells than antigen III splenic antibody-forming cells and higher serum antibody levels to antigen I/II than to antigen III. Furthermore, a single injection of antigen I/II but not of antigen III was sufficient to induce a strong specific-antibody response. Some evidence was also obtained for weak polyclonal stimulation of spleen cells by S. mutans cells and by antigen I/II, a result which could be relevant to the induction by S. mutans of antibodies reactive with mammalian tissues. It was concluded that for the antigens examined, S. mutans elicited the strongest antibody response against antigen I/II, which was also highly immunogenic in purified form.     

抗人CD38单克隆抗体的制备、鉴定及其功能的初步研究

目的：研制抗人CD38抗原分子的单克隆抗体，进一步研究其生物学功能。方法：采用高表达CD38抗原的Daudi细胞免疫Balb/c小鼠；取其脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合；用间接免疫荧光法进行杂交瘤筛选；流式细胞术、免疫沉淀法与CD38分子原核表达产物的Western-blot分析鉴定单克隆抗体的特异性。以MTT（四甲偶氨唑盐）法检测单克隆抗体抑制细胞增殖以及介导补体杀伤靶细胞的功能。结果：获得了一株抗人CD38分子的单克隆抗体1C6，流式细胞术显示它具有CD38抗原特异的细胞反应谱，其识别的抗原分子质量为45000u。与CD38分子原核表达产物的Western-blot分析表明，其可特异识别CD38分子胞外结构域。MTT法显示其可介导补体杀伤靶细胞。结论：成功制备了抗人CD38分子的单克隆抗体，并进行了初步的功能研究。