卵巢支持莱迪细胞瘤15例临床病理分析

目的:探讨卵巢支持莱迪细胞瘤的临床特点、病理特征、治疗及预后.方法:回顾性分析我院1962年至2009年诊治的15例卵巢支持莱迪细胞肿瘤患者的临床和病理资料.结果:15例术前均未考虑本病,其中13例有男性化、女性化及去女性化表现.6例女性化表现患者同时合并雌激素相关疾病(如子宫肌瘤、子宫内膜癌、子宫内膜增生).14例术中见大体肿瘤,1例因子宫内膜癌手术,术后病理检查发现本病.肿瘤高分化6例,中分化5例(含有网状及异型成分1例),低分化4例.2例低分化肿瘤术中冰冻病理检查分别误诊为卵巢癌及卵巢颗粒细胞瘤.5例患者保留生育功能,其中3例实现生育.8例患者接受分期手术,其中1例术中发现肿瘤大网膜转移.15例中,9例中、低分化者术后接受辅助化疗.随诊2 ～ 34年,14例患者无瘤存活,1例低分化肿瘤治疗后4年复发.结论:支持莱迪细胞瘤难以及时诊断,患者的内分泌表现是提示本病的重要线索.预后良好,对于本病患者可行保留生育功能手术,但需注意低分化肿瘤的复发问题.     

Ⅰ期卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤保留生育功能手术后密切随诊与辅助化疗患者的预后比较

目的对比Ⅰ期卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤(IMT)患者接受保留生育功能手术后密切随诊与辅助化疗之间预后的差异。方法收集2011年1月至2023年2月在中国医学科学院北京协和医院接受保留生育功能手术(保留子宫和至少一侧附件)的Ⅰ期(Ⅰa期G1除外)卵巢IMT患者的临床病理资料。由妇科肿瘤专家进行有关辅助化疗风险和获益的咨询, 医师和患者及其监护人共同做出术后密切随诊或辅助化疗的决定。最终将患者分为密切随诊组和辅助化疗组, 比较两组患者的临床病理特征及预后。结果本研究共纳入103例Ⅰ期IMT患者, 中位年龄为20岁(范围:3～39岁), 中位随访时间31个月(范围:1～254个月);密切随诊组40例, 辅助化疗组63例。两组患者的年龄、国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)分期、病理分级、手术方式、术前和术后甲胎蛋白水平分别比较, 差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);而两组患者的手术途径、肿瘤最大径分别比较, 差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。40例密切随诊组患者中, 仅1例初次治疗时接受卵巢肿瘤剔除术的Ⅰa期G2卵巢IMT患者出现同侧卵巢的恶性复发;63例辅助化疗组患者中, 5例出现恶性复发,...     

同时分泌雌激素、雄激素的伴脂质卵巢支持细胞瘤1例并文献复习

目的探讨伴脂质卵巢支持细胞瘤(ovarian sertoli cell tumor)的临床病理特点、治疗及预后。方法回顾性分析2017年10月在绍兴市人民医院妇科治疗的1例伴脂质卵巢支持细胞瘤患者,结合国内外文献进行分析。结果患者54岁,绝经12年,反复阴道不规则出血2年余。术前检查提示雌激素、雄激素升高,超声显示右侧附件区低回声包块。予行腹腔镜下右侧附件切除术,病理诊断为伴脂质卵巢支持细胞瘤,术后3个月复查雌激素、雄激素均降至绝经后水平。查阅国内外文献,仅检索到2例伴脂质卵巢支持细胞瘤报道。同时分泌雌激素、雄激素的伴脂质卵巢支持细胞瘤迄今未见报道。结论伴脂质卵巢支持细胞瘤病因不明,临床表现与其分泌激素的类型相关,主要依靠病理检查确诊。治疗方式选择需根据患者年龄及肿瘤分化程度,而预后则与肿瘤的期别相关。     

卵巢恶性肿瘤年轻患者保留生育功能手术的效果评价

目的总结评价卵巢恶性肿瘤年轻患者保留生育功能手术和术后辅助化疗的效果及对生育功能及卵巢功能的影响.方法回顾性分析四川大学华西第二医院1989-2004年收治的64例接受保留生育功能手术治疗的卵巢恶性肿瘤年轻患者的临床资料.结果初诊时患者中位年龄为20（7～30）岁.64例患者中,卵巢上皮性癌患者22例,恶性生殖细胞肿瘤38例,性索间质肿瘤4例.首次手术方式如下：单侧附件切除术23例;单侧附件切除＋大网膜切除＋阑尾切除术10例,单侧附件切除＋大网膜切除＋阑尾切除＋盆腔淋巴结切除或取样术10例;单侧附件切除＋肿瘤细胞减灭术4例;单侧附件切除＋对侧卵巢楔形切除活检术11例;6例仅行患侧肿瘤剥除术.64例患者平均随访76（5～192）个月,5例（8%）死亡,59例（92%）存活至今,其中卵巢恶性生殖细胞肿瘤患者存活率为89%（34/38）,上皮性癌患者为95%（21/22）,性索间质肿瘤患者全部健在（4/4）.15例患者行二次手术,其中发现癌灶者6例.生存病例中53例患者有月经,除2例周期缩短外,其余患者月经均正常.20例有生育计划的患者中,13例（65%）患者有15次妊娠,9次足月分娩.结论对卵巢恶性生殖细胞肿瘤患者,无论期别如何,行保留生育功能手术是可行的;对于卵巢上皮性癌患者行保留生育功能手术需慎重,仅限于年轻、有强烈生育要求、肿瘤为Ⅰ期、高分化且术后有条件密切随访的患者;坚持规范化疗对卵巢恶性肿瘤的治疗十分必要;化疗对卵巢及生育功能无明显影响.     

儿童卵巢无性细胞瘤一例并文献复习

儿童卵巢无性细胞瘤在临床较少见,结合病史及辅助检查综合考虑,手术在儿童卵巢无性细胞瘤中是首选方法。随着综合治疗模式的发展,需要考虑手术治疗后对于儿童生育力的保护及卵巢恶性肿瘤的管理。报告1例12岁儿童卵巢无性细胞瘤病例,患者因下腹胀痛首次就诊于延安大学附属医院儿科,发现盆腔包块后就诊于妇科,肛门指诊示盆腔偏右侧可触及约7.0 cm×6.0 cm包块,质中,边界尚清,活动可,相关肿瘤标志物（甲胎蛋白、糖类抗原125）略升高,剖腹探查行术中冰冻病理所示考虑左侧卵巢良性病变,右侧卵巢恶性病变,故行右侧附件切除术+左侧卵巢囊肿剥除术,术后给予辅助化疗同时给予戈舍瑞林去势保护卵巢功能治疗。现已随访11个月,患者月经规律,无特殊不适。通过回顾性分析儿童卵巢无性细胞瘤诊治过程及特点,以期提高临床医师对该病诊断、治疗及管理的认识。     

卵巢颗粒细胞瘤的治疗与预后(23例临床分析)

目的 对23例卵巢颗粒细胞瘤的治疗及可能的预后因素进行回顾性分析,探讨手术、化疗、放疗在卵巢颗粒细胞瘤治疗中的意义。方法 研究对象为北京协和医院1980年1月至1999年12月20年间收治的卵巢颗粒细胞瘤患者23例,患者的年龄范围为5～61岁,平均年龄38.4岁。随诊时间为1～14年,随访率为91.4％。统计学分析方法:采用SPSS(version 8.0)进行数据分析,生存率的计算采用Kaplan-Meier法。结果23例卵巢颗粒细胞瘤临床病理分期为Ⅰ期20例,占87.0％,Ⅱ期1例,占4.3％,Ⅲ期2例,占8.7％,临床Ⅰ-Ⅲ期5年生存率在90%以上。病理切片分析,成年型20例,幼年型3例,幼年型患者1年生存率<50%。卵巢颗粒细胞瘤的复发率为34.8％,复发与临床病理分期、手术方式及肿瘤大小有关。结论 卵巢颗粒细胞瘤是一种低度恶性的卵巢肿瘤,生存率高,局部复发,晚期复发。预后相关因素包括临床病理分期、病理类型、肿瘤大小以及初次手术方式。手术治疗仍是卵巢颗粒细胞瘤的主要治疗手段。临床Ⅰc期以上,病理类型不良,肿瘤直径大于l0cm,则最好辅以化疗。放疗主要用于盆腔局部复发、手术难以切除或切净的患者。     

卵巢颗粒细胞瘤72例临床分析

目的 探讨卵巢颗粒细胞瘤的临床特点及预后相关因素。方法 总结７２例卵巢颗粒细胞瘤患者的临床资料,比较不同期别、不同原发肿瘤大小的卵巢颗粒细胞瘤患者应用不同方法治疗后的５年及１０年存活率。结果 卵巢颗粒细胞瘤患者的５年及１０年存活率随临床分期的增加而降低,但与原发肿瘤的大小无明显相关关系。Ｉ期病人应用不同治疗方法对存活率也无明显影响。结论 临床分期是影响卵巢颗粒细胞瘤患者预后的主要因素,Ｉ期患者术后     

术后化疗对卵巢恶性肿瘤患者的卵巢功能损伤的临床分析

目的　探讨恶性卵巢肿瘤保留生育功能手术的术后化疗对卵巢功能及胎儿的影响。方法　回顾性分析日本独协医科大学 1 990年 1月～ 1 998年 1月间收治的 9例保留生育功能手术、术后化疗的恶性卵巢肿瘤患者的临床资料结果。结果　除 1例Ⅳ期卵巢无性细胞瘤死亡外 ,其余 8例均健在 ,存活时间为 2年 1 0个月～1 1年 2个月。结婚 5例中有 4例已经妊娠分娩 ,健康婴儿 6人 ,自然流产 1例 ,人工流产 1例。 9例患者中 6例月经正常 ,其中 5例基础体温呈双相 ,黄体生成激素 (LH)、卵泡刺激素 (FSH)值均正常 ,1例化疗期间月经初潮 ;3例LH ,FSH值升高出现停经 ,分别于化疗后 2、 4、 1 2个月恢复月经来朝 ,LH ,FSH值恢复正常 ,基础体温呈双相。结论　在早期恶性卵巢肿瘤特别是卵巢生殖细胞恶性肿瘤 (包括晚期 )的手术治疗中 ,保留生育功能的手术并辅以术后化疗 ,疗效肯定 ;化疗对卵巢功能的损伤是可逆的 ,对胎儿一般无致畸作用     

卵巢无性细胞瘤118例分析

自１９７０年１月至１９９１年１２月本院妇科收治卵巢无性细胞瘤１１８例，其中Ｉ期７５例，Ⅱ期２３例，Ⅲ期２０例，５年生存率为８７．２％，本组病例均经手术治疗，术后放疗９０例，化疗２８例，５例患者生育１胎，通过对卵巢无性细胞瘤的诊断，治疗和保留生育功能问题的讨论，认为Ｉｂ以上者都可考虑全子宫，双附件，网膜及腹膜后淋巴结清除术，术后辅以化疗或放疗以收到良好的疗效。     

多囊卵巢综合征6例诊治体会

我科自 1987年以来收治已确诊的多囊卵巢综合征(ＰＣＯＳ)患者 6例 ,现总结分析如下。1　临床资料1 1　临床表现及辅助检查　患者年龄 2 6～ 39岁 ,平均31 5岁 ,均以不孕为主诉就诊。其中 2例继发闭经 ,4例月经稀发 ,均行诊刮诊为无排卵型月经 ;2例重度肥胖 ,3例中度肥胖 ,1例正常体重 ,此例伴多毛、痤疮及阴毛呈男性化分布。妇科检查有 4例患者可触及双侧增大的卵巢 ,最大的似鸡卵大小、囊性。Ｂ超检查 :4例患者双侧卵巢增大并有多囊性改变 ,2例未探及卵巢。血液放射免疫检验(ＲＩＡ) :采用美国利科公司药盒做ＲＩＡ检验。诊断标准 :黄体生…     

Tranexamic acid for the treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma

In the present phase II trial, 26 heavily pretreated patients with advanced recurrent ovarian carcinoma were treated with tranexamic acid, 4-6 g per os daily for at least 3 months. Of these 26 patients, 3 had stage IIb, 21 stage III and 2 stage IV. Histologic examination revealed serous adenocarcinoma in 13, mucinous in 3, endometroid in 4, 1 anaplastic and 5 unspecified adenocancer. Twenty of the tumors were poorly differentiated and 5 highly-moderately differentiated. No objective response was noted but all the highly-moderately differentiated tumors showed a stable disease state with a median duration of 6 months (range 4-36 months). The patients with poorly differentiated tumors had a median survival of 4 months. Most of the patients had some form of gastro-intestinal side effect. This investigation has shown that treatment with tranexamic acid was not particularly helpful in poorly differentiated cases in which modern combined chemotherapy already had failed. The effect in highly-moderately differentiated cases needs further evaluation.     

Small cell of the ovary, hypercalcemic type -- analysis of combined experience and recommendation for management. A GCIG study

Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare tumor typically affecting young women. It is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis and few long-term survivors. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the outcome of patients with SCCOHT. METHOD: Data were collected for patients with SCCOHT treated in Australia, Canada and Europe. Information included stage, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, recurrence and survival. RESULTS: The median follow-up is 13 months for all patients and 35.5 months in surviving patients. Ten patients had FIGO stage I tumors, six stage III tumors and one stage unknown. All underwent surgical resection. Adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy was given to all patients. Seven received adjuvant radiotherapy with either pelvic and para-aortic radiotherapy, average dose 46.5 Gy (40 Gy/25# - 50.4 Gy/23#), or pelvic and whole abdominal radiotherapy, average dose 45 Gy to pelvis and 25 Gy (22.5 Gy/22# - 30 Gy/25#) to abdomen. The median survival for stage I tumors was not reached and was 6 months for stage III tumors. For the ten patients with stage I tumors: six received adjuvant radiotherapy with five alive and disease-free; four received no adjuvant radiotherapy with one alive and disease-free, while three have relapsed with one alive and disease-free after resection. Of the seven patients with stage III or unknown stage tumors, all but one have died. Recurrences were most frequent in the pelvis and the abdomen. Patients receiving salvage treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy did poorly. CONCLUSION: We advocate a multi-modality treatment approach including surgery, chemotherapy with the addition of radiotherapy either sequentially or concurrently.     

A clinicopathological analysis of 40 cases of ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors

Objective

To evaluate the clinicopathological features of ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs) and to explore the reasonable therapy.

Methods

A total of 40 cases of SLCTs were retrospectively reviewed.

Results

The incidence of SLCTs was 0.41%, with a median age of 28 years. All tumors were confined to one ovary. Four tumors were well differentiated, 14 were intermediately differentiated, 20 were poorly differentiated, and 2 were undefined; 2 cases had heterologous elements, and 3 had a retiform pattern. The patients were classified into 3 groups: androgen excess (25/40), estrogen excess (6/40), and no endocrine changes (9/40). The percentages of tumors > 10 cm in diameter were 8.0%, 16.7% and 40.0%, respectively; the percentages of poor differentiation were 40.0%, 50.0% and 77.8%, respectively; and the percentages of tumor rupture were 20.0%, 16.7% and 66.7%, respectively. One patient underwent cystectomy, 27 underwent unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and 12 underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. A total of 23 patients received postoperative chemotherapy. One patient died of diabetic nephropathy, and 3 were lost to follow up. The remaining 36 were followed up from 12 to 377 (average 70.4) months. Two patients with stage Ic tumors of poor differentiation had a recurrence within 13 and 21 months, and both obtained complete remission after the second surgery and chemotherapy.

Conclusions

The prognosis of SLCTs is good, although poorly differentiated tumors may recur. Conservative surgery is acceptable for young patients wishing to preserve fertility, and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and long-term follow up are recommended to those with high-risk factors.     

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary.

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors of the ovary are rare diseases that occur primarily in young women. The majority of these tumors are unilaterally localized, and conservative surgery is sufficient. However, these tumors exhibit a variety of histological patterns, which are significant prognostic factors. To date, no standard therapy exists. Here we report 4 cases of Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors of the ovary. One patient whose tumor was a poorly differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor with mesenchymal heterologous elements received adjuvant chemotherapy postoperatively but died of disease 2.5 years after surgery. The other 3 patients remained free of disease during follow-up. Conservative surgery is an appropriate treatment for young patients with Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. Those who have poor prognostic factors may need adjuvant chemotherapy with a combination of bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin.     

GnRH antagonist in the adjuvant treatment of a recurrent ovarian granulosa cell tumor: a case report

BACKGROUND: Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCT) are usually treated by surgery and chemotherapy. Successful response to GnRH agonists as an adjuvant therapy has previously been reported. In this case of recurrent GCT, we used a GnRH antagonist. CASE: A 78-year-old woman underwent surgery for an ovarian granulosa cell tumor (pT1a N0 Mx). Six months later, laparotomy revealed an inoperable recurrence of the tumor. Experimental treatment with a GnRH antagonist was not clearly successful. This is in contrast to the previously proven benefit of GnRH agonist therapy in this type of malignancy and to the positive response elicited by GnRH antagonists in epithelial ovarian tumors. CONCLUSION: GnRH antagonist therapy had no demonstrable efficacy in the treatment of a poorly differentiated and aggressive recurrent granulosa cell tumor.     

Treatment of epithelial ovarian carcinoma by surgical debulking followed by single alkylating agent chemotherapy

From 1966 through 1977, 52 patients with primary invasive epithelial carcinomas of the ovary were treated at the University of Kentucky Medical Center with exploratory laparotomy and debulking of tumor, followed by chemotherapy using a single alkylating agent. Stage of disease, degree of histologic differentiation, cell type, and amount of residual tumor after surgery were all related to patient survival. The findings of this study suggest that excellent survival can be expected when single akylating agent therapy is used in patients who have well-differentiated, early stage ovarian tumors completely excised at the time of primary surgery. A high-risk population of patients is also identified in whom primary combination chemotherapy is indicated. This high-risk group includes those patients with: (1) poorly differentiated tumors; (2) significant (>2 cm in diameter) residual tumor following surgical debulking or; (3) advanced stage (III or IV) disease.     

Recent management of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors: a study of 34 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To review the outcome of the treatment in patients with malignant ovarian Germ cell tumors with respect to survival and surgical management at a single institution during 1990-1996. METHODS: Thirty-four patients with malignant ovarian Germ cell tumors were studied retrospectively for their surgical management. Fourteen patients had pure dysgerminoma, 11 endodermal sinus tumor, 6 immature teratoma, and 3 mixed Germ cell tumors. Nine patients had stage IA, 8 stage IC, 2 stage IIC, 8 stage III, 3 stage IV, and 4 referred patients with recurrent diseases. RESULTS: Nineteen patients underwent primary conservative surgery, 11 had primary nonconservative surgery. Twenty-two patients were treated with chemotherapy (BEP or EP or PVB regimen). Five patients with pure dysgerminoma received adjuvant radiotherapy. Persistent remission was achieved in 26 patients. Two patients (7.4%) had recurrence after remission. Seven patients had died of the diseases. Patients with complete clinical remission did not undergo second-look surgery. The overall survival was 78.8%, 100% for immature teratoma, 84.6% for pure dysgerminoma, 72.8% for endodermal sinus tumor, and 33.3% for mixed Germ cell tumors, with median follow-up time 31 (3-93) months. CONCLUSION: Patients with limited diseases regardless of histologic types can be safely managed by unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy followed by, if indicated, 3-4 courses of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. For advanced diseases, conservative surgery is advisable in patients with endodermal sinus tumor.     

The value of second-look operation in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma

Summary A second-look operation was performed on 151 patients with stage III and IV epithelial ovarian carcinoma who had responded to primary surgery and chemotherapy. 19% of the 79 patients who appeared clinically to be free of disease had microscopic recurrences and 23% had macroscopic residual disease at a second-look operation. The 5-year survival rate for patients with no histological and for those with microscopic secondaries at second-look operation were 55% and 35% respectively (P=0.45). Only patients with well or moderately well differentiated tumors and a small residual tumor mass at first operation had a good prognosis after a second-look operation even without further chemotherapy. Median survival after secondary debulking was 15 to 17 months and was independent in the radicality of the second-look procedure. Outside of clinical trials second-look laparotomy should therefore only be performed as a diagnostic procedured as a diagnostic procedure in patients with well or moderately well differentiated tumors who are left with a small residual tumor mass at the time of the first operation. Because this is a group of patients in whom chemotherapy can be discontinued after a negative second-look operation.     

Fertility-sparing surgery and outcome in fertile women with ovarian borderline tumors and epithelial invasive ovarian cancer

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the outcome of fertility-sparing treatment in ovarian borderline tumors and early invasive ovarian cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All women diagnosed with an ovarian borderline tumor or early invasive ovarian cancer who were treated with fertility-sparing surgery at the University Hospital in Lund between 1988 and 2002 were identified and included in the study (n=23). RESULTS: During the follow-up period of a median 92 months, range 11-185 months, no relapse was found in the patients with Stage 1a tumors, including both borderline tumors (n=12) and invasive well-differentiated (n=9) and moderately differentiated (n=1) ovarian cancers. One patient with poorly differentiated ovarian cancer Stage 1c was 13 weeks' pregnant at the time of the primary operation. Although, unilateral oophorectomy was performed she insisted on continuing the pregnancy. At 37 weeks she had a cesarean section and the ovarian cancer was disseminated. Chemotherapy was given but she died less than a year later. None of the other patients received chemotherapy. In total, 30 children were born to 15 patients. Prophylactic removal of the remaining ovary+/-hysterectomy was accepted in only in six of the women after fulfilling their desire to have more children. CONCLUSIONS: Young women with Stage 1a epithelial ovarian cancer and borderline tumors do not have to give up their fertility in order to receive successful and safe treatment of their disease. However, several of these patients do not accept the recommendation of prophylactic oophorectomy of the contralateral ovary and hysterectomy after completion of childbearing.     

青少年卵巢肿瘤的临床病理分析

目的:探讨青少年卵巢肿瘤的临床病理特点。方法:回顾性分析67例20岁以下的青少年卵巢肿瘤患者的临床表现、诊断、病理和治疗。结果:临床症状以腹痛、腹部包块为主,肿瘤扭转率高。良性肿瘤41例,交界性3例,恶性23例;组织学类型以生殖细胞肿瘤最多。恶性肿瘤中65.2%为FIGOI期。除8例恶性患者进行了肿瘤细胞减灭术外,其余59例均进行了保留生育功能的手术。15例恶性肿瘤患者术后化疗。单因素分析显示仅化疗方案影响生存期,BEP优于VAC。结论:青少年卵巢肿瘤的临床病理特点与成人不同,首选保留生育功能的手术,BEP是恶性患者的一线化疗方案。