阿苯达唑和甲苯达唑对蛔虫和钩虫作用的超微结构观察

在体外美洲钩虫成虫接触药物后活动性明显下降，体表皱缩，随着作用时间延长，蠕动缓慢，咽收缩无力并且不规律，体态膨胀不均匀，48小时内虫体趋于不动。药物对体内蛔虫和体外钩虫作用的超微结构显示：微绒毛变性且部分消失；肠细胞分泌颗粒积聚并融合，出现自噬空泡，糖原减少，线粒体变性。蛔虫卵细胞间出现溶酶体，子宫细胞内质网疏松，分泌颗粒融合，糖原缺乏；精细胞充满致密小体，线粒体广泛变性。未见钩虫生殖细胞超微结构明显变化。     

INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR AND ITS CARRIER PROTEIN IN HYPOPITUITARY AND HYPOTHYROID CHILDREN AND ADULTS

Utilizing radioligand assays for the somatomedin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and its carrier protein (CP), we have compared their serum levels in normal subjects with those in patients with hypopituitarism and hypothyroidism. The mean (±SEM) serum IGF concentration in children (n= 32, 2–13 yr, 929 ± 46 μU/ml) was virtually identical to that in adults (n= 20, 18–50 yr, 916·29 μU/ml), while CP levels in the former (1·8 ± 0·1 mg/ml) were significantly lower (P < 0·01) than in the latter (2·9 ± 0·1 mg/ml). Both serum IGF and CP were significantly decreased (P < 0·001) in hypopituitary children (n= 5, 6–8 yr, 377 ± 52 μU/ml and 0·9 ± 0·1 mg/ml respectively). Likewise, serum IGF and CP were significantly reduced (P < 0·05) in hypothyroid children (n= 10, 1–15 yr, 497 ± 24 μU/ml and 0·8 ± 0·1 mg/ml respectively) and adults (n= 12, 25–55 yr, 723 ± 40 μU/ml and 1·8 ± 0·2 mg/ml respectively). Growth hormone therapy (4 days) significantly increased (P < 0·05) serum IGF in hypopituitary children (336 ± 80 to 559 ± 59 μU/ml) but did not change the CP level (0·7 ± 0·2 to 0·7 ± 0·1 mg/ml). Thyroxine therapy (4–8 months) significantly increased (P < 0·05) both serum IGF and CP levels in hypothyroid children (497 ± 24 to 666 ± 38 μU/ml, and 0·8 ± 0·1 to 1·0 ± 0·1 mg/ml respectively) but had no effect in adults (723 ± 40 to 937 ± 132 μU/ml, and 1·8 ± 0·2 to 2·1 ± 0·2 mg/ml respectively). These studies indicate that growth retardation in children with hypopituitarism and hypothyroidism is associated with significant reductions in serum IGF and CP levels that are corrected, at least in part, by adequate hormone replacement therapy.     

Graves病治疗前及治疗中血清游离钙与血,尿钙磷代谢异常

46例Graves病患者治疗前血清游离钙(Ca~( ))、磷(P)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)及24小时尿钙(Ca)、P、羟脯氨酸(Hyp)排量水平都显著高于正常对照组。经治疗2—3个月甲亢病情控制后,血Ca~( )、P及24小时尿Ca、P亦随之恢复正常,但血AKP与24小时尿Hyp仍高于对照组。高钙血症比率在血Ca、校正钙与Ca~( )测定中分别为11.2％、16.3％与30.0％。前臂骨密度呈现骨量减少和腰椎相示骨质疏松者分别为29.0％和13.3％。本文对Graves病患者的钙、磷和骨代谢改变及其发生作了初步讨论。     

SKIN COLLAGEN AND THICKNESS IN HYPERTHYROIDISM AND MYXOEDEMA

Skin thickness, collagen content and density have been measured in patients with thyrotoxicosis and myxoedema. In hyperthyroidism the skin was of normal thickness but the absolute collagen content and density of collagen were both increased as was the percentage collagen content. In myxoedema both absolute percentage collagen content and density remained normal but the skin thickness was significantly increased and this correlated well with the severity of hypothyroidism and response to treatment.     

QTc、JTc间期与QT/TQ比的正常值及临床意义

本文报道1 309名正常人的QTc间期(<440ms),JTc间期(<360ms)和QT/TQ比(<1.1),并与急性心肌梗塞(AMI)和单纯完全性左、右束支传导阻滞(CLBBB、CRBBB)患者对比,发现AMI、CLBBB、CRBBB患者QTc和QT/TQ比均明显大于正常组(P<0.01),而JTc间期仅AMI组显著长于正常组(P<0.01)。结果提示,JTc间期较QFc间期能更好地反映心室肌复极状态,对心室除极顺序正常和异常均适用。若能综合分析以上三值,对临床指导意义更大。     

EFFECTS OF ORAL AND INTRAVENOUS TRH AND METOCLOPRAMIDE ON PRL AND TSH SECRETION IN WOMEN

Pituitary secretion of PRL and TSH is under the control of inhibitory dopaminergic and stimulatory TRH-mediated mechanisms. To evaluate the relationships between these regulatory systems, ten healthy women were treated with oral TRH (20 mg twice daily), a dopamine blocking drug, metoclopramide (MC) (10 mg t.d.s.) or placebo for 1 week (from 8th to 14th cycle day). Serum concentrations of PRL, TSH, T3 and T4 were determined before, at the end, and 3 days after the treatments. In addition, PRL and TSH responses to i.v. TRH (200 μg) or MC (10 mg) were studied at the end of the oral treatments. Oral TRH treatment was accompanied by increases in basal T3 and T4 concentrations, no change in PRL, and a decrease in TSH 3 days after the end of treatment. Oral TRH did not modify the PRL response to i.v. MC while it eliminated the TSH response to i.v. MC, possibly because of elevated concentrations of thyroid hormones. Oral MC treatment raised the concentrations of PRL, T3 and T4, and also potentiated the PRL response to i.v. TRH, whereas the TSH response remained unaltered. These results demonstrate that dopaminergic and TRH-mediated mechanisms are related in the control of PRL and TSH secretions, perhaps directly or through thyroid hormones.