快速康复外科在创伤性肝脾破裂并失血性休克患者手术麻醉期管理应用探讨

目的探讨快速康复外科(FTS)在创伤性肝脾破裂并失血性休克患者手术麻醉期管理应用的安全性及有效性。方法对23例创伤性肝脾破裂并失血性休克急诊手术患者,用随机数字表法随机分为FTS组(n=16)和对照组(n=7),记录两组术后苏醒时间、拔管时间及术后第1、第5天血清CRP水平、排气排便时间、术后镇痛评分、住院天数、住院费用,比较两组术后不良反应及并发症发生情况。结果与对照组相比,FTS组术后苏醒时间、拔管时间及术后排气排便时间明显缩短,术后第1、第3天血清CRP水平,住院天数减少(P<0.05),两组术后镇痛评分无统计学差异,两组术后并发症及不良反应发生率无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 FTS理念在创伤性肝脾破裂并失血性休克患者麻醉期管理中应用安全、有效,可减轻术后应激、加速患者康复进程。     

快速康复外科在胆总管切开取石术中应用的对比研究

目的探讨快速康复外科（FTS）理念在胆总管切开取石术患者中的临床应用价值和安全性。方法对80例择期行胆总管切开取石患者,分别采用FTS理念指导下的围手术期处理方法（n=40）和传统的围手术期处理方法（n=40）,比较两组术后下床活动时间、排气及排便时间、进食时间、住院天数、住院费用及并发症发生情况。结果 FTS组术后进食时间、排便及排气时间、下床活动时间、住院天数明显缩短,住院费用明显减少（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,两组术后并发症无显著差异。结论 FTS理念在胆总管切开取石术中的应用安全、经济、有效,不仅使患者术后恢复加快,同时还可缩短住院时间,降低住院费用,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

加速康复外科在腹部手术围术期临床应用价值研究

目的：研究加速康复外科在腹部手术围术期的临床应用价值。方法：将腹部手术140例随机分为加速康复外科组（观察组）71例和常规手术组（对照组）69例。比较两组术后第2和第7天C反应蛋白（CRP）水平变化,术后首次排气和排便时间,恶心、腹胀、腹痛、吻合口漏等发生率,以及住院时间和住院费用等。结果：观察组术后第2天CRP水平显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,两组第7天CPR水平差异不显著（P〉0.05）。两组手术时间、术中出血量、不良反应发生率差异不显著（P〉0.05）。与对照组比较,观察组术后下地活动时间、排气时间、排便时间显著提前（P〈0.05）;术后住院时间显著缩短（P〈0.05）;术后住院费用显著减少（P〈0.05）。结论：加速康复外科可促进患者术后恢复加快,住院时间缩短和住院费用减少。     

快速康复外科理念在急诊外伤性脾破裂围手术期中的应用

目的：探讨快速康复外科（ FTS）理念在急诊外伤性脾破裂围手术期中应用的可行性及效果。方法将2010年1月～2012年12月收治的86例接受急诊手术的脾破裂患者随机分为FTS组（ n＝44）和对照组（传统方法处理,n＝42）。分析比较两组患者胃肠功能恢复时间、住院天数、住院费用以及术后并发症发生率情况。结果 FTS组与对照组相比较,胃肠功能恢复早（ t＝6.527 P＜0.05）,住院天数少（ t＝2.847 P＜0.05）,住院费用低（ t＝3.208 P＜0.05）,术后并发症发生率低（χ2＝4.835 P＜0.05）,差异有统计学意义。结论快速康复外科理念在急诊外伤性脾破裂围手术期中的应用是安全、有效,可加速患者的康复进程。     

加速康复外科在腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期护理中的应用

目的 探讨加速康复外科在腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期护理中应用的安全性、有效性.方法 对进行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的40例患者,随机分FTS组和对照组各20例,FTS采用加速康复外科理念指导下的围手术期护理措施,对照组采用传统的围手术期护理措施,比较两组术后康复情况.结果 40例均痊愈出院,无出血、胆漏、感染等并发症,与对照组相比,FTS组术后胃肠功能恢复快,住院时间短,住院费用低.结论 对实施LC术患者采取FTS理念指导的围手术期护理措施,安全、有效,可加速患者的康复.     

快速康复外科在Roux-en-Y胃转流术围手术期护理中的应用

快速康复外科（ fast track surgery,FTS）起始于心脏外科手术,后逐步发展到外科学各个亚学科的分支,如胆道外科、结直肠外科、泌尿外科、神经外科等。长期的实践表明, FTS不仅减少患者围手术期的住院费用及时间,节约医疗资源,还能一定程度上减少患者的痛苦及术后并发症,加速患者术后的康复。我中心对接受Roux-en-Y胃转流术的44例患者实施了围手术期快速康复外科护理,取得良好效果,现报道如下。     

快速康复外科护理干预在结直肠癌围术期应用的研究进展

快速康复外科（FTS）理念在上世纪90年代提出,很快在外科领域被广泛应用。FTS能够在不增加患者术后并发症的基础上减少患者住院痛苦、住院时间及住院费用,加快床位周围率,节约医疗资源。经研究证明,其运用在结直肠癌围术期是安全有效的,但由于受传统观点束缚,FTS在我国的应用还不够普及,未形成统一的标准临床路径。     

快速康复外科在创伤性肝脾破裂并失血性休克围术期中的应用

目的：研究快速康复外科在创伤性肝脾破裂并失血性休克围术期中的应用效果。方法选取2012年2月～2013年11月收治的32例创伤性肝脾破裂并失血性休克患者,对其进行随机分组,分为对照组和观察组,16例／组,对照组采用传统的创伤性肝脾破裂并失血性休克围术期处理方法,而观察组则采用快速康复外科方法来进行处理。对比分析两组患者手术的临床指标,对其数据进行统计学分析。结果经过分组康复治疗,观察组的患者术后CRP水平、乳酸清除时间、肛门排气、住院天数等指标均优于对照组,且差异非常显著（ P＜0.05）,具有统计学意义。结论传统方法处理创伤性肝脾破裂并失血性休克效果不佳,采用快速康复外科方法进行处理各项指标均比较优秀,且可以加速患者的康复进程。     

快速康复外科理念指导下的腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期护理

快速康复外科理念(fast track surgery,FTS)由丹麦外科医师Kehlet于2001年提出,系指在术前、术中及术后应用各种已证实有效的方法,以减少手术及其他处理措施所引起的应激反应及并发症,加速患者术后康复[1-2].笔者将FTS理念应用于190例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)患者的围手术期护理,探讨其安全性、有效性,现报道如下.     

快速康复理念对老年骨质疏松性压缩骨折的影响

目的探讨快速康复理念(fast-track surgery,FTS)在老年骨质疏松性压缩骨折中应用效果。方法 2015年2月—2017年2月将68例平均年龄71.4岁老年骨质疏松性压缩骨折行PKP球囊扩张椎体成形术治疗患者,根据治疗过程中是否应用FTS理念指导行围手术期临床处理,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组34例。实验组在快速康复理念指导下行围手术期临床处理(术前禁食时间、麻醉方式选择、围手术期内环境稳态平衡等),对照组在传统理念下行围手术期处理,观察两组术后住院天数、并发症发生情况、临床疗效。结果实验组术后住院时间(8±3)d明显少于对照组(11±3)d。实验组满意31例,较满意3例;对照组满意25例,较满意9例;实验组治疗优良率(93.1%),治疗优良率明显高于对照组(75.2%,P0.05),术后NRS(数字疼痛评分)评分降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论快速康复理念应用于老年骨质疏松性压缩骨折的治疗,安全、可行,与传统理念围手术处理相比,可有效缩短住院时间,减轻患者痛苦,缩短康复周期,节约治疗费用(与传统治疗费用相比节约30%左右)等优点,值得临床推广。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.