精神分裂症患者的家庭负担

本文报告100例精神分裂症患者家庭负担现状调查的结果,发现家庭负担以家庭日常生活和家庭经济最多,分别占95%和94%,并且在程度上也比较严重。有一定比例的家庭照顾者存在有一定比例的家庭照顾的心理障碍。     

住院精神分裂症患者家庭负担的影响因素研究

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者家庭负担的影响因素。方法:应用家庭负担访谈问卷(FEIS)、阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)及自知力和治疗态度问卷(ITAQ)对334例精神分裂症患者及其照料者进行评估。结果:回归分析显示患者的性别、婚姻状况、病情程度及自知力完善程度,以及照料者就业状况、是否与患者同住及与患者接触频率均为家庭负担的影响因素。结论:影响精神分裂症患者家庭负担的因素复杂多样,精神科卫生从业人员应有针对性地对患者及其家庭成员进行心理干预以减轻家庭负担。     

精神分裂症患者的家庭负担研究

目的评价精神分裂症患者的家庭负担和家庭功能。方法采用家庭负担量表(FBS)和家庭关怀度指数问卷(APGAR),对350例符合DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准的精神分裂症患者的家庭负担进行评定,从家庭的角度评价精神分裂症的疾病负担。结果精神分裂症患者FBS的家庭经济负担、家庭日常活动、家庭休闲娱乐活动、家庭成员心理健康4个因子的阳性回答率较高(均高于60%),家庭成员生理健康、家庭关系两个因子的阳性回答率较低(均低于40%);农村患者的家庭经济负担因子评分显著高于城镇患者(P<0.01),而家庭成员心理健康因子评分显著低于城镇患者(P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症造成严重的家庭负担,应作为干预的对象。     

城乡精神分裂症患者的家庭负担比较研究

本研究分别对城市和农村的精神分裂症患者家庭负担进行评价，结果显示，农村的总体家庭负担水平高于城市，尤其以经济负担更为突出，而城市的照料者心理障碍的比例（38．0％），显著高于农村（17．1％）。多因素分析发现，两者的家庭负担影响因素有所不同。     

精神分裂症患者的家庭照料负担研究

目的调查精神分裂症患者的家庭照料负担。方法采用家庭负担会谈量表（family interview schedule,FIS）和自编量表为工具,调查了男、女精神分裂症各50例家庭照料负担。结果照料者的负担明显,主要涉及家庭经济、家庭娱乐活动、家庭关系、家庭日常生活、照料者的心理和躯体健康;男性患者的照料者其家庭娱乐活动所受影响比女性患者的照料者明显;女性照料者感到负担重,且直接照料时问越多,负担越重;无工作的男性患者的照料者负担高于有工作患者的照料者。结论精神分裂症的患者对家庭照料者的影响和所造成的负担。应该引起社会足够重视。     

农村精神分裂症患者照料者家庭负担

目的 :探讨农村精神分裂症患者对照料者造成的家庭负担及其影响因素。　方法 :用家庭会谈量表 ( FIS)对照料者进行评定 ,以及对精神分裂症患者进行病情评定分析。　结果 :照料者 FIS总分为 ( 2 0 .17± 12 .15 )分。影响 FIS最大的因素依次为照料者的经济状况 ,患者持续治疗的时间 ,患者目前社会功能缺陷程度及照料者本人的年龄。　结论 :改善照料者家庭经济状况对农村精神分裂症患者的康复具有重大意义     

精神分裂症的家庭负担调查研究

目的评价精神分裂症的家庭负担情况。方法采用家庭负担会谈量表（familyinter-viewscheduleFIS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）及焦虑自评量表（SAS）和自编量表为工具,符合ICD-10诊断标准的精神分裂症患者共900例,其中15例资料不完整者被剔除,余下885例中,男性534例,女性351例,调查其家庭照料及经济负担情况。结果照料者的负担明显,精神分裂症患者FIS的家庭经济负担、家庭日常活动、家庭休闲娱乐活动、家庭成员心理健康4个因子的阳性回答率较高,均超过60％,家庭成员生理健康、家庭关系两个因子的阳性回答率较低,均低于40％,男性患者照料者其家庭娱乐活动所受影响比女性患者照料者明显;男性患者照料者感到负担重,且直接照料时间越长,负担越重;885例患者亲属SAS的均分为（49．76±9．25）,明显高于正常人,经统计学处理两者有显著性差异（P〈0．01）,SDS均分为（51．27±9．97）,明显高于正常人,经统计学处理有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论精神分裂症造成严重的家庭和经济负担,应作为干预的对象,患者亲属焦虑、抑郁情绪明显高于正常人群。     

城乡社区精神分裂症患者家属的家庭负担对照研究

目的 了解城乡结合精神分裂症患者家庭负担现状及城乡患者之间家庭负担的区别。方法 采用ＦＩＳ和ＤＡＳ量表分别对病例组和对照组患者及其主要照顾者进行调查分析。结果 １．病例组家庭负担明显高于对照组，２．经济负担农村高于城市，而主观负担城市高于农村（Ｐ均〈０．０１）。３．病例组ＦＩＳ与ＤＡＳ密切相关，某些ＦＩＳ单项分与病程相关（Ｐ〈０．０５），结论 精神分裂症患者确实给家庭带来明显的客观和主观负担，客观     

城乡社区精神分裂症患者家属的家庭负担对照研究

为了了解城乡结合区精神分裂症患者家庭负担现状及城乡患者之间家庭负担的区别，采用ＦＩＳ和ＤＡＳ量表分别对病例组和对照组患者及其主要照顾者进行调查，分析，结果发现，病例组家庭负担明显高于对照组，经济负担农村高于城市，而主观负担城市高于农村，病例组ＦＩＳ与ＤＡＳ密切相关，某些ＦＩＳ单项分布与病程相关，表明精神分裂患者确实给家庭带来明显的客观和主观负担，客观负担与患者的社会功能密切相关，主观负担与家属的态     

精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者病耻感的研究进展

本文目的是对精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者病耻感相关研究进行综述,以期降低该群体病耻感水平,为精神卫生工作者制定相关干预措施提供参考。通过回顾国内外关于精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者病耻感方面的文献,从相关概念、评定工具、影响因素及干预措施4个方面对有关研究进展进行阐述,并总结其局限性和未来可能的研究方向。     

Components and correlates of family burden in schizophrenia

OBJECTIVE: Components and correlates of caregiver burden in schizophrenia were studied. METHODS: The family caregivers of 623 (43 percent) of 1,460 patients with schizophrenia enrolled in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) were interviewed about resources they provided and experiences with patient behavior over the previous month. Patients were independently evaluated on symptoms, quality of life, neurocognition, medication side effects, and service use. Factor analysis reduced the caregiver data into four orthogonal factors assessing perceptions of patient problem behavior, patient impairment in activities of daily living, patient helpfulness, and resource demands and disruptions in the caregiver's personal routine. RESULTS: Hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated differential correlates of burden for each factor, explaining 34 percent of variance each for problem behavior and resource demands and disruption, 21 percent for impairment in activities of daily living, and 38 percent for patient helpfulness. Demographic characteristics and patient symptoms explained the greatest proportion of variance, whereas quality of life and service use explained modest variance and patient neurocognition and medication side effects were not significantly associated with burden. CONCLUSIONS: Results underscore the need for continued intervention with family members after the acute inpatient phase of treatment to address the impacts of symptoms as well as incorporation of skills training into consumer treatment programs to improve consumer contributions to household maintenance.     

Caregiver burden, family treatment approaches and service use in families of patients with schizophrenia

Over the last several decades the construct of family burden has been used to capture family members' experience of caring for a mentally ill relative. The definitions and operationalization of this experience into subjective and objective components neglects the complexity and the multidimensional nature of the caregiving experience. In addition to problems operationalizing the caregiving experience, family interventions have also neglected to address the range of issues and concerns that impact those caring for mentally ill relatives. These two factors may be significant contributors to the under utilization of family-based services by relatives of individuals with schizophrenia. Two examples of treatment programs that target the multidimensional nature of the caregiving experience (NAMI's Family-to-Family and Journey of Hope), possible integration of these programs with family psychoeducation interventions and implications for service utilization are discussed.     

青少年攻击行为影响因素研究进展

攻击(aggression)指有意伤害别人并对其躯体与心理造成伤害的行为。非躯体接触的直接或间接的有意伤害归为敌意。攻击包括生理唤醒、攻击情绪、攻击认知与攻击行为。攻击行为按不同的分类方式分为显性攻击和内隐性攻击;敌意性攻击与工具性攻击;主动性攻击和反应性攻击;躯体攻击、言语攻击和关系攻击(指意图通过操纵、威胁或者损害关系来伤害他人的行为),其中关系攻击又称间接或心理攻击。有攻击行为的青少年常常执行认知     

Exploring the burden of the primary family caregivers of schizophrenia patients in Taiwan

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the burden of the primary family caregivers of schizophrenia patients and the factors that affect caregiver burden. Methods: A total of 126 pairs of patients and their primary family caregivers were recruited from the day care and acute wards of two teaching general hospitals. Demographic information was collected. All patients went through an interview with a senior psychiatrist using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). The Caregiver Burden Inventory–Brief Version and the Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ) were used to assess the caregiver burden and the caregivers' health condition. One‐way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the relationship between demographic factors and caregiver burden. Multiple regression was used to analyze predictors of burden of caregivers. Statistical significance in this study was defined as P ≤ 0.05. Results: The caregiver burden scores (25.9 ± 10.7; range, 3–61) indicated a moderate burden level. Among the five dimensions of burden, caregiver anxiety (2.13 ± 0.86) was the highest, followed by dependency of the patient (1.85 ± 1.02), feeling shame and guilt (1.56 ± 1.02), and family interference (1.43 ± 0.83). The burden level of stigmata (1.32 ± 1.24) was the lowest. The first three rankings of burden were ‘I worry about his/her safety when he/she is alone’ (2.26 ± 1.15), ‘I worry that she/he will become sick at any time’ (2.23 ± 1.10), and ‘I feel he/she depends on me very much’ (2.02 ± 1.29). Patient satisfaction with medical staff support (P = 0.00), CHQ scores of the caregivers (P = 0.00), and the BPRS scores of the patients (P = 0.01) were significantly associated with the caregiver burden scores. Conclusions: The physical and mental health condition of the primary family caregiver of schizophrenia patients was the most important factor determining the caregiver burden level. Comprehensive multidisciplinary care of chronic schizophrenia patients is needed, care that supports the needs and improves the psychiatric symptoms of the patients, helps to decrease the caregiver burden level, and facilitates family participation in treatment.     

网络购物成瘾影响因素研究进展

正2016年6月最新公布的《中国网络购物市场研究报告》显示,截至2015年底,我国网络购物(以下简称网购)的用户比例从48.9%提高到55.7%,用户规模较上一年增长了5183万。国内手机购物市场发展迅猛,手机网购的用户比例达到了54.8%,用户规模达到3.40亿[1]。网购的飞速发展使得人们的日常生活更为便利,但同时也影响着人们的心理行为。过度的网购往往会导致网络购物成瘾(以