纤维桩与树脂核在残根残冠中的临床应用

目的探讨纤维桩树脂核在残根残冠修复中的疗效。方法选择60例患者共98颗残根残冠,经完善的根管治疗后,采用纤维桩树脂核修复及烤瓷冠修复。结果经1～2年随访观察,98颗牙齿仅2例修复体脱落,其余无松动、变色、疼痛及任何不适。结论纤维桩树脂核的物理性能和机械性能好,修复残根残冠效果优良,也简化了临床操作。     

A novel method to determine residual detergent in biological samples post endotoxin reduction treatment and evaluation of strategies for subsequent detergent removal

Endotoxin removal using detergent washes and extractions are well-established, efficient, and cost-effective methods; however, removing residual detergent post treatment has been shown to be a challenge. In this communication, we show a simple and fast method for determining the detergent concentration in a protein solution post treatment and highlight strategies for detergent removal to achieve levels below the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the minimum concentration at which detergent micelles form.     

The incidence of seizures during tricyclic antidepressant drug treatment in a brain-injured population

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have been associated with the occurrence of seizures both with overdoses and with therapeutic doses. Seizures with therapeutic doses of TCA have been reported in patients both with and without previous histories of seizures. The incidence of seizures possibly precipitated by TCAs was examined retrospectively in a population of 68 severely brain-injured patients, all of whom were at high risk for the development of seizures. Seizure histories, anticonvulsant use, comedication use, and other pertinent data were recorded before, during, and after TCA use. We conclude that 14 patients (19%) developed seizures largely caused by TCAs. Other possible contributing factors, clinical outcomes, and some recommendations are discussed.     

微信群延续护理+同伴教育在小儿先天性马蹄足门诊治疗中的应用

目的分析微信群延续护理+同伴教育在小儿先天性马蹄足(CTEV)门诊治疗中的应用效果。方法选择2018年1月至2020年12月南阳市骨科医院门诊治疗的42例CTEV患儿进行随机对照试验, 采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组, 各21例。对照组男14例, 女7例, 年龄(6.95±1.20)个月。观察组男16例, 女5例, 年龄(6.98±1.23)个月。对照组实施常规护理, 观察组实施微信群延续护理+同伴教育, 两组均持续护理6周。比较两组家属疾病相关知识掌握情况、并发症发生率和家属满意度。采用t检验和χ2检验, P<0.05差异有统计学意义。结果观察组护理后家属疾病相关知识中发病机制(82.29±2.65)分、石膏护理(83.94±3.25)分、生活护理(83.46±3.62)、并发症观察(80.16±3.11)分, 均高于对照组, 差异均有统计学意义(t=6.778、5.029、3.195、4.884, 均P<0.05)。观察组未发生并发症, 低于对照组的28.57%(6/21), 差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.861, P=0.028);观察组家属满意度中服务态度(8...     

Comparison of wheelchair accessibility of public buildings pre and post the International Year of Disabled Persons (IYDP) in Harare, Zimbabwe: a case study

OBJECTIVE: To compare the accessibility to wheelchair users of public buildings built pre and post the International Year of the Disabled Persons (1981) in Harare central business district in Zimbabwe. DESIGN: A case study. SETTING: Harare central business district. SUBJECTS: 20 public buildings with at least two floors open to all users in the central business district of Harare, Zimbabwe. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Wheelchair accessibility of public buildings. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the median percentage compliance of parking areas (p = 0.546), ramps (p = 0.155) and toilets (p = 0.648) between the buildings built before the International Year of the Disabled Persons (IYDP) and those built after the IYDP. The overall median compliance of parking areas, ramps and toilets was 14% (Q1 = 14, Q3 = 21), 54% (Q1 = 43, Q3 = 62) and 45% (Q1 = 31.5, Q3 = 70), respectively. However, there was some evidence (p = 0.067) to suggest that compliance of entrances was better IYDP [median = 100% (Q1 = 90, Q3 = 100)] than pre IYDP [median = 80% (Q1 = 70, Q3 = 100)]. Meanwhile there was a significant difference in the median percentage compliance of elevators (p = 0.014) between pre[median = 90% (Q1 = 80, Q3 = 90)] and post [median = 100% (Q1 = 100, Q3 = 100)] IYDP. CONCLUSION: Overall compliance was poor. It is recommended that people with disabilities and the experts in the area of physical ability management be consulted and involved in the design and construction of these buildings.     

Cancer incidence in a general population of asthma patients

PURPOSE: Several studies have assessed the association between asthma and cancer but none of them revealed a clear pattern of association. We aimed to examine the association between asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cancer. METHODS: We performed a cohort study with a nested case-control analysis using the General Practitioner Research Database in the UK. We defined three cohorts: patients with asthma, patients with COPD, and general population. During the follow-up, we identified a total of 5263 incident cases of cancer. We conducted a nested case-control analysis that included all cancer cases as well as 20 000 controls free of cancer frequency-matched on age, sex, and calendar year. RESULTS: Patients with asthma did not have an overall greater risk of cancer compared with the general population (odds ratio = 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86-1.00). However, they presented an elevated risk of experiencing lung cancer (odds ratio = 1.84, 95%CI: 1.58-2.15). Controlling for smoking and other potential confounding factors yielded a lower estimate (odds ratio = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.15-1.59). This estimate contrasted with that observed for non-smoking related cancer (0.87, 95%CI: 0.80-0.94). Overall, respiratory drugs did not seem to be associated with cancer among asthmatic patients. Patients with COPD had an Odds ratio of cancer of 1.26 (95%CI: 1.12-1.43) compared with the general population. CONCLUSIONS: Asthma was not associated with an increased risk of cancer. In fact, the risk of non-smoking related cancer was slightly reduced. However, we observed a small-elevated risk of lung cancer among asthmatic patients. Whether this result is a due to residual confounding and/or protopathic bias remains unclear. Further investigation is warranted to confirm or discard these associations.     

乳腺癌术后上肢淋巴水肿原因及防治探讨

目的探索乳腺癌根治术后上肢淋巴水肿的原因及防治。方法对420例乳腺癌术后105例上肢淋巴水肿进行回顾性分析。结果420例乳癌根治术患者中,160例行Halsted根治术,发生患侧上肢淋巴水肿54例,发生率33.75%（54/160）,其中Ⅰ级27例、Ⅱ级18例、Ⅲ级9例;260例行Patey改良根治术,51例发生淋巴上肢水肿,发生率为19.61%（51/260）其中Ⅰ级27例、Ⅱ级15例、Ⅲ级9例。根治组术后放疗127例,发生上肢淋巴水肿47例。改良根治组放疗112例,发生上肢淋巴水肿37例。结论乳腺癌术后上肢淋巴水肿与手术方式和术后放疗有关。     

Lipoprotein(a) concentrations and apolipoprotein(a) isoform distribution in a Zimbabwean population

OBJECTIVE: To determine serum lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)] concentrations and apolipoprotein(a)[apo(a)] phenotypes in a Zimbabwean population. DESIGN: Cross sectional study. SETTING: Blood Transfusion Services, Harare, Zimbabwe. SUBJECTS: 84 black and 40 white blood donors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lp(a) concentrations and apo(a) phenotypes. RESULTS: The mean and median values for Lp(a) concentrations were 506 and 350 mg/L for the black subjects and 278 and 142 mg/L for the white subjects (p < 0.005). The frequency distributions of Lp(a) concentrations for both populations were skewed to the right. The frequency distribution of apo(a) size, expressed as the number of kringle IV repeats, was determined. Comparison of the frequency distribution plots showed very similar isoform distributions between the two groups. The documented inverse relationship between apo(a) size and Lp(a) concentration was observed in the white population. CONCLUSION: The Lp(a) levels in the black population were two to three fold higher than in the white population whilst no differences in apo(a) phenotype distribution were noted. This suggests that environmental and metabolic factors may be responsible for the elevated Lp(a) levels observed in blacks. Thus different pathological thresholds may have to be established for elevated serum Lp(a) levels to be used as a risk marker for coronary heart disease in black populations.     

Bioequivalence evaluation of two brands of ketoconazole tablets (Onofin-K and Nizoral) in a healthy female Mexican population

A randomized, crossover study was conducted in 24 healthy female volunteers to compare the bioavailability of two brands of ketoconazole (200 mg) tablets; Onofin-K (Farmacéuticos Rayere S.A., Mexico) as the test and Nizoral (Janssen-Cilag, Mexico) as the reference products. The study was performed at the Clinical Pharmacology Research Center of the Hospital General de Mexico in Mexico City. Two tablets (400 mg) were administered as a single dose with 250 ml of water after a 12 h overnight fast on two treatment days separated by a 1 week washout period. After dosing, serial blood samples were collected for a period of 12 h. Plasma harvested was analysed for ketoconazole by a modified and validated HPLC method with UV detection in the range 400-14000 ng/ml, using 200 microl of plasma in a full-run time of 2.5 min. The pharmacokinetic parameters AUC(0-t), AUC(0-alpha), Cmax, Tmax and t(1/2) were determined from plasma concentrations of both formulations and the results discussed. AUC(0-t), AUC(0-alpha) and Cmax were tested for bioequivalence after log transformation of data, and no significant differences were found either in 90% classic confidence interval or in the Anderson and Hauck test (p < 0.05). Based on statistical analysis, it is concluded that Onofin-K is bioequivalent to Nizoral.     

心脏彩超监测及评价先心病介入治疗的应用价值

目的探讨心脏彩超在先天性心脏病封堵介入治疗的术前评估、术中监测以及术后疗效评价方面的应用价值。方法术前心脏彩超检查筛选52例先心病患者,在心脏彩超配合X线监测下行介入封堵术,其中房间隔缺损（ASD）21例;室间隔缺损（VSD）18例;动脉导管未闭（PDA）13例。结果 51例患者成功置入封堵器,术后6个月复查无残余分流。1例ASD因术前评估测量有误,封堵失败。1例VSD术后出现三尖瓣中至大量反流。结论心脏彩超对先天性心脏病介入治疗的监测评价有着不可替代的作用。     

纤维桩和铸造桩修复后牙残冠残根的临床疗效比较

目的探讨纤维桩和铸造桩修复后牙残冠残根的临床疗效。方法选择有保留价值的前圩残冠残根230颗,纤维桩组165颗患牙,铸造桩组165颗患牙,完善的根管治疗后,采用桩核系统恢复基牙外形,行全冠修复,追踪观察2年。结果追踪观察2年后,铸造桩核组出现4例修复体脱落,10例根折,5例牙体变色,成功率为88．5％;纤维桩核组成功率达100％。结论纤维桩可以降低根折和牙龈变色发生机率,为后牙残冠残根保仔的理想材料     

纤维桩树脂核在残冠残根修复中的临床应用

目的：探讨纤维桩树脂核应用于残冠残根修复的临床效果。方法选取80例治疗残冠残根患者95颗患牙,经过完善的根管治疗后,采用纤维桩复合树脂核,再以烤瓷冠或全瓷冠修复。于修复后第6、12、24个月复查,观察临床效果及患者满意度。结果经过随访,有3颗患牙纤维桩脱落,1颗患牙桩折断,无根折,患者满意度高。结论纤维桩强度高,美观,韧性好,操作方便,在残冠残根修复中能达到良好修复效果。     

Bioequivalence evaluation of two brands of meloxicam tablets (Promotion and Mobicox): pharmacokinetics in a healthy female Mexican population

We conducted a randomized, crossover study in 23 healthy young female volunteers to compare the bioavailability of two brands of meloxicam (7.5 mg) tablets and to obtain pharmacokinetic parameters of this molecule in Mexican population not reported previously. Two tablets (15 mg) were administered as a single dose on 2 treatment days separated by a 1-week washout period. After dosing, serial blood samples were collected for a period of 72 h. Plasma harvested was analyzed for meloxicam by a modified and validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method previously reported. Pharmacokinetic parameters AUC(0-t), AUC(0-alpha), C(max), T(max), k(e), MRT and t(1/2) were determined from plasma concentrations of both formulations, resulting in a C(max) 120% larger than and a T(max) 65% faster than those reported in other populations. AUC(0-t), AUC(0-alpha), and C(max) were statistically tested for bioequivalence after log transformation data in a non-balanced design, and no significant differences were found either in 90% classical confidence interval (90% CI) or in Schuirmann test (p < 0.05); thus, we concluded that bioequivalence existed between both formulations.     

玻璃纤维桩在残根残冠修复中的应用观察

目的：探讨玻璃纤维桩在残根残冠修复中的应用价值。方法：选择120例患者,共148颗牙,随机分为两组,对照组与观察组各60例74颗牙,对照组用铸造金属桩修复,观察组用玻璃纤维桩修复,随访3年,进行对比分析。结果：对照组成功率为82.43%,观察组成功率为94.59%,差异具统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：玻璃纤维桩应用于残根残冠修复的临床效果优于铸造金属桩,在临床中可广泛推广应用。     

石英纤维桩在前牙残根残冠修复中的应用

目的总结分析石英纤维桩全冠修复的临床效果。方法选择合适病例,对经过完善根管治疗的28例患者共36颗前牙使用石英纤维桩、全瓷冠(或者树脂冠),观察6个月～2年,评价临床修复效果。结果 28例36颗前牙均美观自然,牙龈颜色正常。结论石英纤维桩具有美观、不易发生根折的优点。