PHILOS钢板微创治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的疗效观察

目的探讨老年肱骨近端骨折的微创手术治疗。方法采用肩部外侧小切口手术入路,使用PHILOS锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折42例,评价疗效。结果3例患者失访,余患者均得到随访,随访时间为4～13m,无伤口感染,无上举乏力,无复位丢失,无内固定松动,无骨折不愈合,无肱骨头坏死,愈合时间为12～20W。肩关节功能采用Neer评分法,优23例,良12例,可4例。优良率为89．7％。结论肩部外侧小切口手术入路结合PHILOS锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折具有手术时间短,损伤小,术中出血少及术后功能恢复好。     

锁定钢板治疗老年人复杂性肱骨近端骨折疗效分析

目的 观察肱骨近端锁定加压接骨板治疗老年人复杂性肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效和影响疗效的相关因素. 方法 肱骨近端骨折39例,年龄60～83岁.根据Neer分型:三部分骨折29例,四部分骨折10例.经胸大肌、三角肌入路,采用肱骨近端锁定钢板固定.用N eer肩关节功能评分标准行术后患肩功能评分,并对疗效进行分析. 结果 39例患者随访平均16个月,依据Neer肩关节功能评分,三部分骨折优良率86.2％(25例),四部分骨折优良率50.0％(5例),总体优良率76.9％(30例).多因素Logistic逐步回归分析结果提示,患者年龄(OR=1.314,P＜0.05)和骨折类型是(OR=1.295,P＜0.05)影响老年肱骨近端骨折预后的独立危险因素. 结论 肱骨近端锁定钢板是治疗老年人肱骨近端复杂骨折的有效方法.年龄和骨折类型是影响预后的主要因素.     

两种手术方法治疗老年复杂肱骨近端骨折的疗效研究

目的:探讨PHILOS钢板内固定与人工肱骨头置换治疗老年复杂肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效.方法:选择某医院收治的老年肱骨近端骨折手术患者58例,其中使用切开复位PHILOS钢板内固定患者42例(PHILOS组),人工肱骨头置换患者16例(肱骨头置换组),统计手术时间、术中出血量及末次随访的Neer评分结果,比较两组患者围术期...     

人工肱骨头置换治疗肱骨近端四部分骨折的疗效分析

目的探讨人工肱骨头置换治疗肱骨近端四部分骨折的临床疗效。方法选择肱骨近端四部分骨折患者22例,采用骨水泥型人工肱骨头行置换治疗,观察术后患者症状改善及肩关节功能恢复情况。结果 22例手术均成功,患者均获随访,时间12～50个月。术后无感染、神经血管损伤、假体松动和脱位等并发症。末次随访Neer评分显示,优8例,良10例,可4例,优良率为81.8%。结论人工肱骨头置换治疗肱骨近端四部分骨折是一种有效的方法,能缓解患者疼痛,重建其肩关节功能。     

LPHP内固定术治疗老年肱骨近端三部分骨折效果观察

目的观察肱骨近端锁定接骨板（LPHP）内固定术治疗老年肱骨近端三部分骨折的疗效。方法对15例老年肱骨近端三部分骨折患者,采用LPHP内固定术治疗。结果本组12例随访6~25个月,骨折均达骨性愈合,平均愈合时间为9.5周。按Neer肩关节关节功能评分标准评定,其中优4例,良6例,满意2例。结论 LPHP内固定术治疗老年肱骨近端三部分骨折疗效较好。     

锁定钢板内固定术与半肩关节置换术治疗老年人肱骨近端粉碎骨折效果的对照研究

目的比较切开复位锁定钢板内固定术和半肩关节置换术治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎骨折的治疗效果。方法回顾性地分析北京世纪坛医院骨科自2008年1月至2012年12月47例锁定钢板治疗和27例半肩关节置换治疗Neer分型三、四部分肱骨近端骨折患者的手术时间及术中出血量,末次随访的Neer评分情况。结果随访时间为23．7个月（12～43个月）。内固定组手术时间为（95．4±8．57）min,术中出血量为（277．50±31．65）ml,Neer评分优良率为82．9％;置换组手术时间为（72．60±9．45）min,术中出血量为（287．20±42．51）ml,Neer评分优良率为85．2％。两组手术时间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,术中出血量及术后随访Neer评分比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论锁定加压钢板内固定术与半肩关节置换术都是治疗肱骨近端粉碎骨折的有效方法,术后均能达到满意的临床疗效。对于年龄相对较轻同时可争取术中复位的肱骨近端骨折,锁定钢板内固定是最佳选择;而对于骨折严重粉碎无法重建的肱骨近端骨折,尤其伴有严重骨质疏松的老年患者,半肩关节置换则是最佳选择,应根据不同的骨折损伤情况进行具体选择。     

应用3D打印技术辅助治疗老年复杂肱骨近端骨折的疗效

目的探讨3D打印技术辅助治疗老年复杂肱骨近端骨折的临床应用效果。方法老年复杂肱骨近端骨折患者64例,采用随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组各32例,两组均给予常规治疗,实验组用3D打印技术辅助治疗,比较两组临床相关指标,随访12个月,并采用Neer肩关节评分法(Neer评分)和CMS肩关节评分系统(CMS评分)评价术后肩关节功能。结果手术后X线片可见内固定状况良好,与对照组相比,实验组内固定过程中手术时间、出血量、内固定后引流量及骨折愈合时间均小于对照组(P<0.05)。手术结束后随访12个月,实验组Neer评分的优良率高于对照组(P<0.05);两组术前CMS各项(疼痛、肌力、日常活动、关节活动范围)评分及总分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后两组各项评分及总分均有改善,且实验组改善更明显(P<0.05)。结论应用3D打印技术辅助治疗老年复杂肱骨近端骨折能够减少手术时间、出血量、内固定后引流量及骨折愈合时间,改善肩关节活动功能,提高了手术质量。     

降钙素联合锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的疗效

目的探讨鲑鱼降钙素联合锁定钢板内固定系统治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法将60例老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折患者随机分为降钙素组与对照组各30例,两组行肱骨近端锁定钢板内固定术后均常规补充碳酸钙D3片,降钙素组加用鲑鱼降钙素。术后观察骨折愈合、并发症、药物不良反应等情况,检测腰椎部骨密度与肩关节Neer评分。结果术后6个月,除对照组有2例延迟愈合,其余患者均骨折愈合良好。术后6个月、1、2年,所有患者腰椎骨密度T值较术前均有明显改善(P0.05),但降钙素组改善程度明显高于对照组(P0.01);降钙素组术后1、2年的肩关节Neer评分均优于对照组(P0.05)。随访期间,降钙素组未发生影响治疗进程的并发症。结论鲑鱼降钙素联合锁定钢板内固定术治疗老年肱骨近端骨折,有利于促进患者骨折愈合、提高骨密度,改善患肢肩关节功能。     

早期功能锻炼对肱骨近端骨折术后肩关节功能恢复的影响

目的观察早期功能锻炼对肱骨近端骨折骨折术后肩关节功能恢复的影响。方法对48例肱骨近端骨折患者分别采用肱骨近端带锁髓内钉、肱骨近端锁定接骨板和经皮多枚克氏针固定。38例于术后3 d～2周开始采用肩关节康复训练器进行肩关节功能锻炼(观察组),另10例未早期规律功能锻炼者为对照组。结果术后随访7～19个月,骨折均临床愈合,愈合时间为(8.1±1.7)周。观察组优良率92.1%,对照组为80%(P<0.05)。结论肱骨近端骨折内固定术后早期功能锻炼能促进肩关节功能的恢复。     

人工肱骨头置换治疗老年肱骨近端复杂性骨折13例的临床分析

老年人肩关节外伤后易引起肱骨近端的粉碎骨折,传统的切开复位内固定对组织损伤大,进一步破坏肱骨头的血运,易导致骨折不愈合,畸形愈合,肱骨头缺血坏死,肩关节僵直、疼痛。同时老年人多合并多种内科疾病,更增加了围手术期的危险性。陆晴友等〔1〕提倡对于老年此类骨折患者早期行人工肱骨头置换。笔者自2003年7月～2006年2月采用人工肱骨头置换治疗13例肱骨近端复杂骨折的老年患者取得了良好效果。1资料与方法1.1一般资料本组13例病人,男5例,女8例;年龄57～76(平均65)岁;按照Neer分类:3部分骨折4例,4部分骨折9例;新鲜骨折11例,陈旧性骨折2例…     

锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折39例分析

目的探讨锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折的疗效。方法取肩关节前侧人路,采用切开复位锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折39例,术后早期功能锻炼。结果 39例患者术后随访6～12个月,平均9个月。伤口全部一期愈合,钢板无折断,螺钉无松脱,无再移位发生。肩关节功能评估优26例,良8例,可5例,优良率为87.2%。1例发生肱骨头无菌性坏死。结论应用锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折,固定牢固,操作简单,允许早期功能锻炼,肩关节功能恢复良好,是一种理想的手术方法。     

Displaced proximal humerus fractures treated with ORIF via the deltoid interfascicular approach vs the deltopectoral approach: A prospective case-control study

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and complications of displaced proximal humeral fractures treated with proximal humeral internal locking system (PHILOS) plate fixation via a deltoid interfascicular (DI) vs a deltopectoral (DP) approach.Methods:This prospective case-control study was conducted with patients admitted to our hospital from May 2015 to June 2018 who suffered from unilateral displaced proximal humerus fractures. Patients were treated with PHILOS plate fixation via a DI (DI group) or DP approach (DP group). The clinical outcomes and complication data were collected for comparison between the 2 groups. The patients were followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months; and every 6 months thereafter. The patients’ functional recoveries were evaluated according to the normalized Constant-Murley score, range of motion of the shoulder (flexion, abduction, external/internal rotation) and disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score.Results:A total of 77 patients, followed for an average of 15 ± 2.2months (range, 12–21), were enrolled (36 in DI group and 41 in DP group) for final analysis. No significant differences in age, sex, affected side, fracture type, injury mechanism or time from injury to operation were found between the 2 groups (all P > .05). The incision length, intra-operative blood loss, and duration of operation in the DI group were significantly less than those in the DP group, respectively (all P < .05). The functional outcomes assessed by the normalized Constant-Murley score and range of motion of flexion and internal rotation in the DI group were superior to those in the DP group at 3 and 6months after the operation (P < .05); however, no significant differences were observed at the 12-month and subsequent follow-ups (all P > .05). There was no significant difference in the range of shoulder external rotation and abduction during the postoperative follow-ups (P > .05). At the last follow-up, the mean disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score was 14.0 (6.6) points in the DI group and 14.4 (6.9) points in the DP group (P = .793). Complications occurred in 1 patient in the DI group and 8 patients in the DP group (P = .049).Conclusion:The current study demonstrates that DI approach is a safe and effective alternative for the treatment displaced proximal humerus fractures. The DI approach rather than DP approach was recommended when lateral and posterior exposure of the proximal humerus is required, especially when fixed with PHILOS plate.     

Therapeutic results of the proximal humeral neck fractures

Good therapeutic results can be obtained by conservative treatments for the proximal humeral neck fractures. However, surgical treatment is sometimes required in patients with 2- or 3-part fractures (Neer's classification) in whom the reduction of the fracture is unable to be maintained by conservative treatments. In this study, we performed the surgical treatment using anatomical bone plate on these patients and evaluated the therapeutic results. The materials consisted of twenty patients. The surgical procedure was performed plate fixation using anatomical bone plate by delto-pectral approach. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from one year to eight years and six months (mean;three years and two months). No patient showed ununited fracture site or humeral head necrosis. The average range of motion in the shoulder was 172 degrees in elevation, 164 degrees in abduction, and ninth thoracic level in internal rotation. Favorable therapeutic results can be obtained by plate fixation using anatomical bone plate in patients with 2- or 3-part fracture of the proximal humeral neck. However, there is necessary in consideration to treat using anatomical plate in patients with severe osteoporosis.     

桡骨远端锁定钛板内固定治疗锁骨近端粉碎性移位骨折（附13例报告）

目的观察桡骨远端锁定钛板内固定治疗锁骨近端粉碎性移位骨折的疗效。方法对13例锁骨近端粉碎性移位骨折患者采用切开复位桡骨远端锁定钛板内固定治疗,合并胸锁关节脱位2例同时行关节复位、关节囊修复术。记录患者手术时间及出血量、伤口愈合及骨折愈合情况。采用Rockwood肩关节功能评分进行疗效评定。结果本组手术时间为30～120 min,术中出血量为50～200 ml。术后随访5～15个月,X线检查示骨折复位良好,内固定可靠。随访期内骨折均愈合,未出现钛板断裂、螺钉拔出、皮肤坏死感染、骨折延迟愈合或畸形愈合等并发症。术后肩关节活动时胸锁关节处隐痛3例;合并胸锁关节脱位2例中,稍有前凸畸形1例,肩关节活动时胸锁关节处隐痛1例。Rockwood肩关节功能评分优9例,良3例,可1例,优良率92.3%。讨论桡骨远端锁定钛板内固定治疗锁骨近端粉碎性移位骨折疗效较好。     

Intramedullary pinning with tension-band wiring for surgical neck fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients

Most proximal humeral fractures in the elderly population are related to osteoporosis. Several methods have been proposed to treat surgical neck fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly people. This study investigates a new method of intramedullary pinning with tension-band wiring. From June 1998 to March 2001, 10 female patients with a mean age of 73.0 years and displaced two- or three-part surgical neck fractures of the proximal humerus were studied. Two intramedullary pins were used with tension-band wiring via a deltopectoral approach with minimum dissection. The mean follow-up was 20.6 months. Final outcome was evaluated using the constant score, visual analog scale (VAS) score, questionnaire, and an outcome assessment form. The outcome was excellent in four patients, good in five, and fair in one. The mean Constant score was 80.8 and the VAS score was 83.0. There was no nonunion, avascular necrosis, deep infection, or pin migration. No patient needed further revision open reduction with internal fixation or prosthesis replacement. We therefore concluded that intramedullary pinning with tension-band wiring is a safe, reliable method, with few complications, for treating surgical neck fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients.     

防旋股骨近端髓内钉内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折

目的探讨防旋股骨近端髓内钉（PFN-A）内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的效果。方法对C臂透视下闭合复位PFN-A内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折12例的疗效进行回顾性分析。结果经随访6~12个月,12例骨折全部愈合,平均愈合时间5个月。按髋关节Harris法评分标准,髋关节功能优7例,良4例,可1例,关节功能优良率为91.7%。结论闭合复位PFN-A内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折具有手术创伤小、操作简单、固定牢靠、并发症少等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

一期病灶清除植骨融合内固定术治疗晚期腕关节结核(附14例报告)

目的 探讨晚期腕关节结核采用一期病灶清除植骨融合内固定术治疗的可行性和临床疗效。 方法 回顾性分析2010年4月至2017年5月山东大学附属山东省胸科医院接受一期病灶清除植骨融合内固定治疗的14例晚期腕关节结核患者的相关资料。其中,男 11例,女 3例;年龄7~85岁,平均(41.0±18.5)岁。所有患者术中均彻底清除腕关节周围病灶,骨缺损处植入同种异体骨,桡骨及掌骨上放置微型钛板行内固定,同时切除尺骨远端1cm。所有患者术后进行系统、规范的抗结核药物治疗12个月,对患者手术切口愈合情况、并发症发生情况及术后血红细胞沉降率和C反应蛋白水平进行分析,采用Buck-Gramcko/Lohmannn评分表(评分标准:9~10分为优,7~8分为良,5~6分为一般,<5分为差)和上肢功能障碍评定量表(DASH评分表;0分表示上肢功能正常,100分表示上肢功能极度受限)对患者腕关节功能恢复情况进行分析。 结果 14例患者均得到随访,随访时间12~18个月,平均(14.0±2.1)个月;所有患者手术切口均一期愈合;血红细胞沉降率由(28.0±23.5)mm/1h降低至(6.1±2.1)mm/1h,恢复时间为2~6个月,平均(3.5±1.3)个月;C反应蛋白由(27.0±35.1)mg/L降低至(3.4±1.3)mg/L,恢复时间为2~5个月,平均(2.4±1.2)个月。14例患者Buck-Gramcko/Lohmannn评分值术前为3~6分,平均(4.6±0.8)分,术后提高至7~10分,平均(8.5±0.9)分;由术前均评价为差,提高至术后评价为优者7例,评价为良者7例。14例患者DASH评分值术前为65~70分,平均(68.0±1.9)分,治疗后提高至26~35 分,平均(30.0±2.8)分。术后随访时所有患者腕关节内固定位置良好,关节无肿胀及疼痛,未出现并发症。 结论 晚期腕关节结核在有效抗结核药物治疗的基础上行一期病灶清除植骨融合内固定术可获得较好的临床疗效。