护生艾滋病知识与态度的调查分析

目的 了解护生对艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)知识的掌握情况及对AIDS患者的态度。方法 采用自行设计的问卷对203名即将进入临床实习的护生进行调查。结果 护生AIDS知识分数为(8.7±1.8),对HIV经性、静脉途径传播的认识正确率高,对不会传播HIV的途径回答正确率低。态度分值为(44.2±3.4),其中同意HIV感染者在社区应该被隔离者占91％,86％害怕护理AIDS患者时被感染,愿意去护理AIDS患者的为47.3％。知识与态度之间有显著的正相关性(r=0.17,P=0.013)。结论 护生对AIDS存在错误的认识,害怕护理患者时被感染的心理普遍存在,护理AIDS患者的意愿不高。对护生开展针对性AIDS专题培训很有必要。     

本科护生艾滋病知识掌握情况与其对艾滋病患者态度的调查分析

目的：在距《中国预防与控制艾滋病中长期规划（1998—2010年）》目标时间三年之际．了解本科护生艾滋病知识掌握情况与其对艾滋病患者的态度。方法：采用现场问卷的方式，对205名本科护生进行艾滋病知识与态度匿名问卷调查。结果：护生的艾滋病知识15道题目中有2道普及率低于60％，有4道普及率在60％-80％之间；护生的艾滋病态度调查显示98．54％的同学愿意在工作中宣传防治艾滋病的知识，63．90％的同学担心将来接触艾滋病患者会受感染，33．66％的同学认为艾滋病患者应该被隔离。结论：护生对艾滋病知识掌握不够全面，愿意参加艾滋病防治工作．但对艾滋病有恐惧心理，需多渠道强化护生艾滋病知识，使其在艾滋病防治中发挥应有的作用。     

AIDS-Related Knowledge, Fear, and Behavioral Change Among Nurses in Taiwan

Abstract Current literature documents a phenomenon of fear that affects the willingness of health care professionals to care for persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We attempted to identify differences between nurses who exhibit fearful attitudes toward AIDS and those who do not, based on knowledge and behavior. Taiwan, site of the study, is only beginning to identify the first of its citizens with AIDS. The subjects were a population of caregivers from a culture with little exposure, therefore, either through education or experience, to the disease and the issues it engenders. A cross-sectional, self-administered survey was conducted in 1990 of 1759 nurses in 12 institutions throughout Taiwan. Data on AIDS-related knowledge, fear, and behavior, as well as selected demographic data, were gathered. Analysis revealed significantly less fear of AIDS among nurses who reported three behavioral changes related to AIDS than among those who reported fewer changed behaviors (F= 4.43, df= 3; P < 0.004); those with higher levels of education (F= 3.54, df= 3; P < 0.014); and those who were single rather than married (t= 2.81; P < 0.005).     

31省份儿科护士安宁疗护知识与态度现状调查

目的 调查31个省份儿科护士安宁疗护知识与态度现状,为培养儿科安宁疗护专科护士提供依据.方法 2020年10月,选取31个省份74所医院的儿科护士370名为研究对象,采用安宁疗护知识及态度问卷对其进行调查,并分析其影响因素.结果 儿科护士安宁疗护知识和态度得分分别为54.55(39.77,81.82)分和72.44(6...     

广东省256名老年相关科室护士营养知识态度行为现状调查分析

目的了解老年相关科室护士的对营养学的知识、态度、行为和对住院老年患者营养风险筛查实施的现状,为老年相关科室护士营养学知识继续教育提供依据。方法 2013年5月,采用整群抽样法,对广东省37家医院256名老年相关科室护士营养知识、态度、行为进行问卷调查。结果老年相关科室护士营养知识、态度、行为得分分别为(13.900±3.572)分、(48.800±6.935)分、(5.620±1.622)分,其营养知识得分与态度、行为得分呈正相关(r=0.369、0.248,P0.001),态度得分与行为得分呈正相关(r=0.344,P0.001)。受过系统营养知识培训的老年相关科室护士和未接受过系统营养知识培训的护士营养知识、态度、行为得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。老年相关科室护士对营养风险筛查工具的知晓率仅为17.6%。结论老年相关科室护士营养知识储备不足、观念陈旧,虽有一定的营养风险筛查意识,但专业评估能力缺乏。接受调查的护士对营养学的求知态度较好,学习意愿强,因此为毕业后老年相关科室护士提供系统、专业、针对性强的老年营养学教育势在必行。     

Attitude and Knowledge of Physicians and Nurses About Ionizing Radiation

The purpose of this study was to describe physicians' and nurses' knowledge and attitude about the potential dangers of imaging tests. The study comprised 144 participants; 68 physicians, and 76 nurses. Over 70% of the physicians reported that to complete their diagnosis, they always sent patients for ionized testing. Most of the physicians and nurses indicated that they knew that these tests could cause cancer and genetic changes. Over 80% of the medical staff did not know the amount of environmental radiation that was equal to an x-ray test or computed tomography scan. Thirty percent of the respondents noted that they did not protect the patient's sensitive organs during radiation procedures. As for the physicians and nurses in the invasive unit, they did not follow precise instructions for self-protection from exposure to radiation while working. There is a necessity to follow up on quantity of exposure to x-ray and computed tomography scan radiation for all patients and to promote physicians' and nurses' knowledge about protection from exposure to radiation.     

952名初中生艾滋病相关知识态度调查分析

目的了解初中生的艾滋病相关知识、态度现状,为制定具有针对性的预防艾滋病健康教育及干预模式提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查研究方法,对北京、山东、陕西3个地区952名初中生的艾滋病相关知识和态度进行匿名调查。结果80.1%的初中生听说过艾滋病相关信息,其来源主要为电视、报纸杂志等大众媒体。初中生知识得分属中等水平,而在症状体征、无症状期、非传播途径及预防措施等方面认识模糊或错误。约80%的初中生认为不应该歧视艾滋病患者、学校增加有关AIDS知识的讲授非常重要,但在对与患者一起工作、学习的态度却存在分歧。结论初中生艾滋病相关知识和态度有待提高和改善,对艾滋病及性健康教育需求较大,有必要在初中阶段即开展以学校为基础针对青少年预防艾滋病全面系统的健康教育,从而促进其建立健康的生活观念及方式,有效地控制和预防艾滋病。     

227名骨科护理人员疼痛管理知识和态度调查分析

目的探讨骨科护理人员疼痛管理知识和态度,为骨科护士规范化培训及创伤病人疼痛管理提供科学依据。方法采用自行设计一般调查问卷、护理人员疼痛知识和态度调查表,对某省5所三级甲等医院227名骨科护理人员进行调查。结果本组65.6%骨科护理人员学习过疼痛知识,但不全面;62.6%和33.0%的骨科护理人员认为有必要和很有必要学习,而且非常希望通过医院开展的继续教育项目、临床教学查房形式学习,5.7%经常从学术期刊上获取疼痛相关知识;只有18.1%总是使用疼痛评估工具进行评估;疼痛评估、非药物疼痛干预措施、疼痛的药物治疗是最想获得的前3位疼痛相关知识;疼痛知识和态度问卷平均答对率为44.8%,得分为(20.02±4.27)分,"系统学习过疼痛相关知识"、"经常从学术期刊上获取疼痛相关知识"的骨科护理人员问卷得分较高。结论目前骨科护理人员疼痛知识掌握程度不够,疼痛管理能力较低,认为学习疼痛管理知识非常必要,因此应加强疼痛知识的培训,尤其是疼痛管理综合应用及疼痛评估和非药物干预措施。     

118名儿科重症监护室护士小儿疼痛知信行分析

目的调查儿科重症监护室护士对小儿疼痛的知信行现状,探讨疼痛知识与疼痛态度和处理方法之间的关系。方法采用问卷调查法,对2家三级甲等医院118名儿科重症监护室护士整群抽样,调查重症监护室护士的基本资料、对小儿疼痛的知识、对疼痛的态度和处理方法的情况。结果仅43名(36.4%)重症监护室护士接受过疼痛知识培训或自学疼痛知识;参加过疼痛知识培训或自学疼痛知识的护士得分较高(P0.05);儿科重症监护室护士疼痛知识得分与疼痛评估及处理方法得分之间呈正相关(Spearman等级相关系数rs=0.64,P0.05)。结论应加强儿科重症监护室护士儿童疼痛知识的培训,提高护士在小儿疼痛护理方面的实践能力。     

192名规范化培训护士营养知识态度及行为的调查分析

目的 了解规范化培训护士营养知识、态度、行为现状及培训需求,分析相关影响因素,为护士营养规范化培训提供理论依据.方法 采用自行设计调查问卷及一般自我效能感量表对192 名规范化培训护士进行营养知识、态度及行为的调查分析.结果 规范化培训护士的营养态度较好,营养知识水平一般,营养行为水平偏低;营养知识、态度及行为均与自我效能感呈正相关(P<0.05 或P<0.01).营养知识的主要影响因素是护龄(P<0.05)、学校是否开设营养课程(P<0.01)及自我效能感(P<0.05);营养态度的主要影响因素是所在科室开展优质护理的级别(P<0.05)及自我效能感(P<0.01);营养行为的主要影响因素是学历(P<0.05)及自我效能感(P<0.01).护士希望获得的培训内容是营养与健康、营养与疾病、食物的合理搭配和烹调等.结论 规范化培训护士的营养知信行现状不容乐观,应根据需求开展有效可行的营养规范化培训,提高规范化培训护士的自我效能感,改善其营养知识、态度和行为.     

大连市149名急重症监护病房护士ICU谵妄的知信行调查分析

目的了解急重症监护病房(emergence intensive care unit,EICU)护士对ICU谵妄知识、态度、行为现状,并分析ICU谵妄知识、态度及行为的相关性,为提高急重症监护病房护士ICU谵妄知识及护理技能提供依据。方法采用自行设计的ICU谵妄知识、态度、行为问卷,对大连市5所三级甲等医院的149名急重症监护病房护士进行调查,收集数据采用描述性分析、方差分析及Pearson相关分析。结果 149名急重症监护病房护士ICU谵妄知识、态度、行为得分分别为(21.26±5.34)分、(18.65±5.71)分、(10.86±3.40)分,得分均偏低。不同年龄、护理工作年限及急重症监护病房工作年限的护士在ICU谵妄知识掌握情况得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同年龄、性别的护士对ICU谵妄护理的态度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同性别护士ICU谵妄护理行为得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。急重症监护病房护士ICU谵妄知识与态度呈负相关(r=-0.19,P=0.02),对ICU谵妄的态度与行为呈正相关(r=0.64,P=0.00)。结论急重症监护病房护士ICU谵妄知识水平偏低,ICU谵妄认知态度欠积极,ICU谵妄患者评估及护理行为运用不足,需加强急重症监护病房护士ICU谵妄知识教育,端正其ICU谵妄预防和护理态度,提高其ICU谵妄护理运用能力,以减少急重症患者ICU谵妄的发生。     

HIV Knowledge and Practices Among Rural South Africans

PURPOSE: To explore the knowledge and practices related to HIV/AIDS by rural South Africans in Limpopo Province. DESIGN AND METHODS: Qualitative research methods were used. Twenty-eight key and general informants participated in individual interviews in summer 2001. The setting was a hospital-based HIV clinic in rural Limpopo Province. FINDINGS: All participants were members of a support group, and they had basic knowledge about HIV/AIDS; however, participants indicated that they lacked basic knowledge of HIV/AIDS until they joined the support group. CONCLUSIONS: Support groups were effective in educating people about HIV/AIDS.     

Knowledge of AIDS and Safer Sex Practices Among College Freshmen

Abstract We assessed knowledge of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and of safer sex practices among college freshmen. A second purpose of the study was to assess this knowledge among black as well as white students. Students attending classes at three private colleges in a large southern city were asked to participate in the study. Respondents completed the modified AIDS information survey, the knowledge of safe sex practices questionnaire, and a demographic data sheet. A total of 689 questionnaires were received from single college freshmen. The results indicated that respondents were knowledgeable about the cause and transmission of AIDS but were less knowledgeable about medical aspects. Most knew that condoms are effective in preventing the spread of AIDS, but fewer could differentiate between the effectiveness of latex and nonlatex condoms. These findings are useful to health educators in improving AIDS education programs.     

行为干预后衡阳市社区居民对艾滋病知识的认知和态度调查分析

目的 调查衡阳市社区居民对史滋病知识的认知和态度。通过行为干预后使社区居民艾滋病相关知识水平提高，增强自我保护意识，降低艾滋病的危害。方法 行为干预方法采取集中授课．发放资料的形式。行为干预前后通过问卷形式进行效果评估。结果 社区居民干预前对艾滋病相关知识的知晓率最低为19．8％，最高为78．2％。通过行为干预后，社区居民艾滋病相关知识知晓率均不同程度的提高，对艾滋病态度有所改变。结论 行为干预工作可以提高社区居民对艾滋病知识的知晓率，使之对艾滋病态度有所改变，但行为干预工作应加强深度、广度，以保证行为干预成果的持续性。