一步等位基因特异扩增法检测中国人N-乙酰化酶基因型

目的建立简化的一步等位基因特异扩增法(ASA),研究中国人N-乙酰化酶(NAT2)多态性等位基因的分布。方法用一步法直接检测215名中国健康人NAT2 *5,*6,*7等位基因。结果一步法测定结果与两步法一致。215名健康中国人NAT2 *5,*6,*7 3种突变型等位基因的基因频率分别为3.3％,24.6％和10.0％。基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P>0.05)。野生型纯合子、杂合子和突变型纯合子分别为85,96和34人,分别占39.5％,44.7％和15.8％。结论一步法测定NAT2基因准确、方便,为临床个体化合理用药提供理论基础。     

PCR?鄄反向点杂交法检测凉山州乙型肝炎病毒基因型

目的 调查凉山州乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)基因型的分布情况.方法 采用PCR-反向点杂交法(polymerase chain reaction-reverse dot blot,PCR-RDB)对44例HBV DNA阳性患者HBV进行基因型分析,并选取6例健康人作为对照.结果 共检测了44例患者,成功分型38例,占86.36％,其中B型23例,占52.27％,C型13例,占29.55％,B、C混合型1例,占2.27％,未知型7例,占15.91％.结论 利用PCR-RDB可以简便地对HBV进行基因型分析,分型成功率较高,适用于临床检测.在凉山州乙型肝炎人群中感染的HBV以B型为主,C型次之,其他型别极少见.     

某区PCR法检测HPV感染的临床意义及分析

目的探讨闽北建阳区PCR-反向点杂交法在检查患者HPV感染病变中的临床意义及分析。方法回顾性分析我院检测的1624例HPV感染患者的临床资料,采用PCR-反向点杂交法对病变标本进行HPV分型检测。结果共进行1624次HPV分型检测,检出感染患者504例,检出率为31.0%,感染较多的是16、52、58、81型,并以高危型感染为主。单种分型感染共346例,两种及以上感染158例。结论 PCR-反向点杂交法在HPV感染的诊断率较高,特异性较强,对闽北地区HPV感染病变的早期发现,判断预后及指导治疗有重要价值。     

突变阻断扩增法检测中国人CYP2D6＊10、＊14等位基因

目的根据突变阻断扩增原理,建立用于检测中国人CYP2D6＊10及＊14等位基因的方法。方法采用单管四引物法检测CYP2D6＊10等位基因,建立等位基因特异扩增法检测CYP2D6＊14等位基因,检测295名健康中国汉族人CYP2D6＊10等位基因。结果CYP2D6＊10及＊14等位基因基因频率分别为55．8％和1．8％,295位受试者中包括1位＊14／＊14、6位＊1／＊14、3位＊10／＊14,基因型分布符合Hardy—Weinberg平衡（Χ^2=2．15,df=5,P〉0．82）。结论本室建立的CYP2D6＊10、＊14等位基因分析法具有方便快捷、结果准确可靠的特点。     

等位基因特异扩增法研究中国人CYP2D6中速代谢的相关基因

目的　建立CYP2D6*10B的等位基因特异扩增法(ASA-PCR),以探讨中国人CYP2D6中速代谢的基因分型。方法　采用两步扩增法得到CYP2D6*10B等位基因特异片段,分析健康中国汉族人CYP2D6*10B等位基因,并探讨基因分型结果与右美沙芬表型分型结果的相关性。结果　35名表型为极快代谢受试者(VEMs)中,CYP2D6*10B以杂合子(wt/m)为主占57%;29名中速代谢受试者(IMs)以突变型纯合子(m/m)为主占69%;慢代谢受试者(PM)基因型为m/m。CYP2D6*10Bm/m组的MR明显大于wt/m组和野生型组(wt/wt)。结论　ASA-PCR法有快速、准确的优点,可用于CYP2D6中速代谢的检测与研究。     

ASA法测定细胞色素P450 2D6酶缺陷等位基因CYP2D6E

目的 :建立细胞色素P4 50 2D6(CYP2D6)第 3 0 2 3位A→C突变造成CYP2D6酶活性缺陷的等位基因CYP2D6E的测定方法。方法 :利用等位基因特异扩增法 (ASA)为基本原理 ,设计两对引物分别扩增野生型等位基因和突变型等位基因。结果 :经 3 96例测定 ,发现 2例CYP2D6E与CYP2D6B的异突变型纯合子 ,其表现型均为慢代谢者。阳性对照说明本法重复性好 ,阴性对照显示本法无污染问题。结论 :本法比PCR -RFLP法更为快捷、更少污染。对CYP2D6E的测定有助于准确预测CYP2D6表现型     

三维凝胶NAT2基因分型芯片的制备与优化

目的研制N-乙酰化酶2(NAT2)基因分型芯片,以快速、准确检测患者的NAT2单核苷酸基因多态性。方法设计并合成中国人中常见的NAT2酶基因5个突变位点的探针对和包含5个突变位点的两对引物;样本经PCR扩增后,采用丙烯酰胺点样液制备芯片,并与TEMED反应固化芯片;分别用探针与芯片杂交,采用博奥晶芯LUXSCAN10K微阵列芯片扫描仪分析结果。结果优化了PCR扩增条件,使两组PCR在相同条件下扩增;优化了芯片制备及杂交条件,双链DNA采用碱变性,清除非特异键合采用电泳方法;建立了NAT2酶基因分型标准:信号强度Cy3∶Cy5≥5为野生型,Cy3∶Cy5为0.6~1.5时为杂合子,Cy3∶Cy5≤0.2为突变型;对20例标本的基因分型结果采用直接测序法进行验证,结果均一致。结论三维凝胶NAT2基因点突变分型芯片法是一种特异性强、高通量的NAT2基因分型方法,适用于临床快速基因分型,指导相关药物合理使用。     

The influence of various genotypes on the metabolic activity of NAT2 in a Chinese population

Aim To determine the phenotype and genotype of NAT2 in a Chinese population and study the influence of various NAT2 genotypes on the NAT2 activity.Methods A reverse dot blot method was used to detect the genotype of NAT2 in 120 healthy Chinese subjects. All subjects were given a single dose of 500 mg sulphadimidine (SM₂). The plasma concentration of SM₂ and acetyl-SM₂ (AcSM₂) 6 h after administration was determined. Molar metabolic ratio (MR) was calculated by the ratio of AcSM₂ to AcSM₂+SM₂.Results Totals of 53 (44.2%), 47 (39.2%) and 20 (16.7%) subjects were homozygotes for wild type (wt/wt), heterozygotes for mutant (m/wt) and homozygotes for mutant (m/m), respectively. The MR of 120 subjects was 0.714±0.237. Twenty subjects (16.7%) were classified as poor metabolizers. All subjects in the m/m group were poor metabolizers. The MRs of the wt/wt, m/wt and m/m groups were 0.886±0.060, 0.719±0.089 and 0.246±0.105 (P<0.001), respectively. There was a significant difference between different NAT2 m/wt genotypes (P<0.001) and m/m genotypes (P<0.001). MR correlated well with NAT2 genotypes (r=0.947).Conclusion Various NAT2 genotypes have a significant impact on the metabolic activity of NAT2 in Chinese people.     

NAT2基因型、抗结核药物治疗对患者血浆浓度及肝功能异常的相关性研究

目的：分析与探讨结核患者不同N－乙酰基转移酶2（NAT2）基因型分型和服用抗结核药物治疗后血浆浓度与肝功能异常的相关性,为临床根据NAT2基因分型指导抗结核药物合理用药提供依据。方法选取我院在2013年2月～2014年12月收治的肺结核患者50例为研究对象,回顾性分析患者的临床资料,并采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定血浆中异烟肼（INH）的浓度,提取患者DNA,采用 PCR－直接测序法（PCR－DS）测定结核病患者NAT2基因型,记录肝功能检测结果,并进行相关性分析。结果患者接受氨基水杨酸异烟肼片（ PAS－INH）治疗后,肝功能异常组和正常组的血浆药物浓度分别是（2．37±0．47）mg? L－1、（1．78±0．52）mg? L－1,两组间差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;20例 NAT2 RA（快速乙酰化）基因型,其中肝功能正常15例（75．0％）,肝功能异常4例,1例出现ATDILI;26例IA（中等乙酰化）基因型,其中肝功能正常10例,16例肝功能异常,0例出现ATDILI。4例SA（慢速乙酰化）基因型,肝功能正常1例,肝功能异常1例,其中2例出现ATDILI。 RA基因型肝功能异常率明显比SA基因型患者低（P＝0．02,P＜0．05）,具有统计学意义。结论 NAT2基因型、抗结核药物浓度和 ATDILI具有相关性,而且通过检测患者的NAT2基因型分型对其合理服用抗结核药物、预防抗结核药物导致的肝功能异常或者肝损伤等极具重要意义。检测血药浓度对结核药物造成肝功能异常或者肝损伤的预防意义仍有待考证。     

The effect of NAT2 genotype and gender on the metabolism of caffeine in nonsmoking subjects

AIMS: To establish whether gender or N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) genotype influence the urinary 17 U+17X/137X ratio after dosing with caffeine. METHODS: Ninety-two nonsmoking individuals underwent caffeine phenotyping. NAT2 genotype was determined by the polymerase chain reaction followed by a restriction digest (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: The median ratio for urinary 17 U+17X/137X was 6.7 (range 1.45-18. 65). 55% of subjects were slow acetylators. Gender did not affect the metabolic ratio or NAT2 genotype. Mean 17 U+17X/137X ratio differed between fast (6.75) and slow (8.69) acetylators (95% CI for the difference, 0.32-3.56). CONCLUSIONS: The findings are further evidence that the 17 U+17X/137X urinary ratio is not a robust measure of CYP1A2 activity. A possible mechanism by which the ratio might be influenced by NAT2 genotype is suggested.     

细胞色素P450 CYP2C9基因多态性对甲苯磺丁脲代谢动力学的影响

目的研究细胞色素P450 CYP2C9基因多态性对甲苯磺丁脲代谢动力学的影响。方法用基因芯片对137名健康志愿者进行CYP2C9基因多态性检测，将受试者分为CYP2C9野生型、杂合突变型和纯合突变型3组，用高效液相色谱法检测甲苯磺丁脲在受试者体内的药物代谢动力学参数，统计分析各组间药代动力学性质差异。结果在137名受试者中发现了9个CYP2C9*1/*3杂合型突变体和1个CYP2C9*3/*3纯合型突变体，其余为野生型个体。将9名CYP2C9*1/*3，1名CYP2C9*3/*3以及随机抽取的10名野生型个体分组，以甲苯磺丁脲为探药进行药物代谢动力学研究。结果在杂合型突变个体组以及纯合型突变个体组中，甲苯磺丁脲的代谢率显著低于对照的野生型个体组。结论CYP2C9基因多态性对甲苯磺丁脲代谢具有显著影响并呈基因剂量效应，检测突变型个体对指导临床合理用药和个体化医疗具有重要意义。     

Significance of the genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6 and NAT2 in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases

BackgroundThe main types of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). There is evidence that, in addition to immunological and environmental factors, genetic factors also play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Determination of polymorphism of CYP2D6 and NAT2 genes encoding I and II phase enzymes of xenobiotic biotransformation may have clinical value as an indicator of individual predisposition to diseases, and also contribute to effective and safe pharmacotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6 and NAT2 and the incidence of IBD, including UC and CD, among inhabitants of central Poland.MethodsThe study was performed in 258 individuals from central Poland (115 patients with IBD, including 65 patients with UC and 50 with CD; and in 143 healthy controls). The CYP2D6 genotypes of oxidation and NAT2 genotypes of acetylation were analyzed using the PCR-RFLP method.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of the CYP2D6 genotypes and alleles in patients with IBD, UC and CD in comparison with the control group. The relative risk (OR) of IBD, UC and CD was higher in carriers of the allele NAT2*7 and was OR = 3.49 (p = 0.0019), OR = 3.86 (p = 0.0019), and OR = 3.02 (p = 0.0247), respectively.ConclusionsPolymorphism of the gene encoding CYP2D6 does not affect the incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases. The carriers of the NAT2*7 allele which determines slow acetylation may be more predisposed to inflammatory bowel diseases, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.     

Oral administration of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) yields PhIP-DNA adducts but not tumors in male Syrian hamsters congenic at the N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) locus.

2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is a heterocyclic amine carcinogen present in well-done meat. PhIP must undergo host-mediated bioactivation to exert its mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Following N-hydroxylation, N-acetyltransferases catalyze the O-acetylation (activation) of N-hydroxy-PhIP to an electrophile causing DNA damage. A well-defined genetic polymorphism in N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) activity exists in humans and the Syrian hamster. Since some human epidemiological studies suggest an association between acetylator genotype and cancer susceptibility in individuals who consume well done meats, this study was designed to investigate the specific role of acetylator genotype in PhIP-induced tumors using a Syrian hamster model congenic at the NAT2 locus. Following oral administration of PhIP to male rapid and slow acetylator Syrian hamsters, DNA adducts were identified in each tissue examined with levels in the relative order: pancreas > heart and urinary bladder > prostate, small intestine and transverse colon > ascending colon, liver, cecum, descending colon, and rectum. However, no tumors were observed in male rapid and slow acetylator congenic hamsters administered 11 oral doses of PhIP (75 mg/kg) and maintained on a high fat diet for one year.     

Determination of caffeine and five metabolites simultaneously by HPLC and application on evaluating the activity of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, NAT2 and XO in Chinese healthy volunteers

HPLC同时检测咖啡因及其代谢产物并在健康中国人群中CYP1A2,CYP2A6,NATR和XO酶活性评价中的应用@陈尧$Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Central South University!Changsha 410078, Hunan, China @欧阳冬生$Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Central South Univer     

河南地区汉族人群药物代谢酶CYP2C19，NAT2和TPMT基因多态性分析(英文)

目的：了解细胞色素P450(cytochromes P450,CYP)2C19,N-乙酰基转移酶2(arylamine N- acetyltransferase 2,NAT2)和硫嘌呤甲基转移酶(thiopurine S-methyltransferase,TPMT)基因常见的遗传多态性在河南地区汉族人群中的分布及其频率。方法：应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)对210名河南地区汉族人群的CYP2C19突变基因(*2和*3)、NAT2突变基因(*6和*7)和TPMT突变基因(*3A,*3B和*3C)进行检测。用聚合酶链反应-等位基因特异性扩增(PCR-ASA)对NAT2突变基因(*5)和TPMT突变基因(*2)进行检测。结果：CYP2C19*2和*3等位基因分布频率分别为34．76%和6．4%,同时携带2个等位突变基因的慢基因型频率占14．8%。NAT2*4(wt),*5(341C),*6(590A)和*7(857A)等位基因分布频率分别为59．1%,4．1%,26．4%和9．5%,慢基因型分布频率占19．5%。TPMT*3C等位基因分布频率为1．2%,未发现TPMT*2,TPMT*3A或TPMT*3B。结论：CYP2C19,NAT2和TPMT基因常见的遗传多态性在汉族人群中的分布及其频率与白人存在明显差异,这将有助于我国汉族人群临床药动学研究和给药剂量的确定。