颈部淋巴结肿大90例临床分析

目的：探讨颈部淋巴结肿大的病因,以指导临床治疗。方法：对90例颈部淋巴结肿大病例进行淋巴结切取活检,明确病理诊断。结果：90例颈部淋巴结肿大病例淋巴结反应性增生41例,淋巴结炎19例,淋巴结结核13例,结节病4例,恶性淋巴瘤9例,转移癌4例。结论：对颈部淋巴结肿大病例,需行淋巴结切取活检方能明确诊断,从而进行临床治疗。     

以颌下淋巴结肿大为主要表现的Castleman病1例

Castleman病是一类罕见的以不明原因淋巴结肿大为特征的慢性淋巴组织增生性疾病,临床症状不典型,极易漏诊误诊.本文报道1例单中心性Castleman病,临床表现为颌下无痛性淋巴结肿大.入院后经临床检查、实验室检查及病理检查相结合,最终明确诊断.希望通过本病例,提高临床医生对CD疾病的认识及诊断水平.     

颌面部淋巴结反应性增生的临床与病理研究

目的 分析颌面部淋巴结反应性增生的临床和病理学表现,以期为治疗提供参考.方法 对32例术后病理诊断为淋巴结反应性增生的住院患者进行临床表现、组织形态学和免疫组织化学分析.结果 32例患者的组织形态学分别表现为淋巴滤泡增生、边缘区淋巴增生、副皮质区淋巴增生和很少的混合性增生.免疫组织化学表现:23例(72%)为以CD20...     

口腔癌引流区淋巴结反应性增生与微转移关系的研究

目的：明确口腔癌引流区淋巴结反应性增生与微转移之间的联系。方法：收集四川大学华西口腔医院住院治疗的12例口腔鳞癌患者术后颈部淋巴结标本共233个，通过病理检测分为正常、反应性增生和转移3组，采用免疫组化检测前2组微转移，结果使用SPSS10．0进行统计学分析。结果：25个淋巴结病理检查为转移，79个反应性增生，129个正常；正常黏膜上皮、鳞状细胞癌与转移淋巴结呈角蛋白强阳性，反应性增生与正常淋巴结的微转移检出率分别为29／79、12／129。结论：癌引流区反应性增生的淋巴结较正常淋巴结更易出现微转移。     

腮腺淋巴结结节病一例报告并文献复习

目的：提高对腮腺淋巴结结节病的认识。方法：对1例病理确诊为腮腺淋巴结结节病患者的临床资料进行分析，并结合相关文献进行讨论。结果：结节病是一种原因不明的多系统疾病，以非干酪样坏死性肉芽肿炎症为主要病理特征。临床上大约90％的患者有肺部病变，单发于腮腺淋巴结罕见。该患者术前诊断为多形性腺瘤，手术切除后随访10年未复发。结论：腮腺淋巴结结节病患者易被误诊为肿瘤，病理活检对于结节病的确诊至关重要，手术切除是最有效的治疗方法。     

腮腺淋巴结结节病一例报告并文献复习

目的：提高对腮腺淋巴结结节病的认识。方法：对1例病理确诊为腮腺淋巴结结节病患者的临床资料进行分析,并结合相关文献进行讨论。结果：结节病是一种原因不明的多系统疾病,以非干酪样坏死性肉芽肿炎症为主要病理特征。临床上大约90％的患者有肺部病变,单发于腮腺淋巴结罕见。该患者术前诊断为多形性腺瘤,手术切除后随访10年未复发。结论：腮腺淋巴结结节病患者易被误诊为肿瘤,病理活检对于结节病的确诊至关重要,手术切除是最有效的治疗方法。     

IgG4相关下颌下腺炎伴局部淋巴结病变的临床与病理特点分析

目的 :分析IgG4相关下颌下腺炎伴局部淋巴结病变的临床和病理特点,并深入探讨其鉴别诊断与治疗方法。方法:回顾2007-09—2015-08期间,诊断为IgG4相关下颌下腺炎性病变患者14例,其中男性5例,女性9例,年龄范围16~75岁,分析临床及影像学表现和病理特点。结果:IgG4相关下颌下腺炎可发生于多个年龄段,下颌下腺肿大可伴口干、眼干及泪腺肿大症状,血清IgG4分类水平3 380~21 600mg/L。增强CT表现为弥漫性肿大,均匀强化,边界清晰。病理显示小叶结构破坏,大量IgG4阳性细胞浆细胞浸润伴有淋巴滤泡形成,席纹状纤维化和闭塞性静脉炎。淋巴结病变表现为大量的淋巴滤泡伴增生活跃的生发中心。结论:IgG4相关疾病是一类病因不明的纤维化炎症性疾病,有独特的临床及病理表现。活检确诊IgG4相关下颌下腺炎的患者,建议进行全身系统性评估,发现其他器官累及可能,以利整体治疗计划的制定。     

组织细胞坏死性淋巴结炎的临床特点分析

目的:分析总结组织细胞坏死性淋巴结炎患者具有诊断意义的临床特点,提高该病临床诊断的准确率,减少误诊。方法:对经病理证实为组织细胞坏死性淋巴结炎患者的临床表现进行分析,总结出该疾病的临床特点。结果:19例组织细胞坏死性淋巴结炎患者,均有颈部淋巴结肿大,均经激素治疗后有效。15例临床有发热症状、血沉增快,13例白细胞减少。结论:不明原因的颈部淋巴结肿大、发热,但抗生素无效,激素治疗好转,伴有白细胞减少、血沉加快,可作为组织细胞坏死性淋巴结炎临床诊断的主要参考依据,能够提高该病临床诊断的准确率。     

不明原因颈二腹肌淋巴结肿大23例临床分析

目的：探讨颈二腹机淋巴结肿大的原因以指导临床工作.方法：对23例不明原因颈二腹肌淋巴结肿大的患者进行了肿大淋巴结摘除术并进行病理组织检查.结果：23例颈二腹肌淋巴结肿大病例中,病理诊断慢性炎症1例,淋巴结核8例,恶性淋巴瘤（非何杰金氏病）3例,转移癌11例,其中鼻咽癌7例,甲状腺癌3例,喉癌1例.结论：淋巴结摘除活检对原因不明性颈二腹肌淋巴结肿大的确诊有重要的诊断意义.     

口腔颌面部IgG4相关硬化性疾病15例临床病理分析

目的 探讨口腔颌面部IgG4相关硬化性疾病的临床病理特点,提高临床和病理医生对本病的认识.方法 对15例口腔颌面部IgG4相关硬化性疾病的临床特征及组织病理学改变进行观察和分析,并复习相关文献.结果 15例IgG4相关硬化性疾病患者平均年龄63.4岁,男女比为4:1.发病部位分别为颌下腺(12例)、腮腺(2例)、颌下区淋巴结(1例),临床表现无显著特异性,均呈无痛渐进性肿大.涎腺病理改变为腺泡萎缩,间质硬化伴较多IgC4阳性的浆细胞浸润(IgG4阳性细胞的绝对值大于50/HPF,IgG4+/IgG+细胞的比值大于40%).淋巴结病理改变为反应性淋巴滤泡增生,生发中心进行性转化,滤泡间区硬化伴较多IgG4阳性的浆细胞浸润(IgG4阳性细胞的绝对值大于50/HPF,IgG4+/IgG+细胞的比值大于40%).结论 IgG4相关硬化性疾病是少见的疾病,无特异性的临床表现,最终诊断有赖于组织病理学和免疫组织化学确诊.     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters quality of life

Dysphagia is one of the most important complications encountered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Our aim was to determine whether oropharyngeal dysphagia impacted the quality of life (QoL) of patients with ALS. Thirty consecutive patients were recruited (31–82 years, 18 men). Swallowing function was evaluated using a standardised videofluoroscopic barium swallow. All the patients completed a specific questionnaire on quality of life in dysphagia (SWAL‐QoL) immediately after the videofluoroscopy. The results of dysphagia outcome severity scale separated 14 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and 16 with normal swallowing function. There was no difference in the average age, weight and body mass index of the two groups (dysphagic patients: 68 ± 11 kg versus non‐dysphagic patients: 69 ± 14 kg). Most of the dysphagic patients had a bulbar affection based on their Norris scores which determine the importance of cranial nerves illness (20 ± 8), significantly lower than those of the non‐dysphagic patients (35 ± 5) (P < 0·0001). There was no difference in the neurological peripheral symptoms evaluated by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale scores (dysphagic patients: 26 ± 7 versus non‐dysphagic patients: 27 ± 8) (ns). The swallowing quality of life questionnaire revealed that the dysphagic patients had significant burden (P < 0·001). They were affected by the necessity to applied a food selection (P < 0·01), by the increase in eating duration (P < 0·05) and described a decrease in eating desire (P < 0·05). They complained of fear regarding the risk of dysphagia (P < 0·05). They also described difficulties with oral communication (P < 0·001). All of those complained about dysphagia which impacted directly mental health (P < 0·05) and social life (P < 0·05). In conclusion, oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom accompanying ALS, which alters the patient's QoL, especially social health.     

拔牙位点保存用复合温敏凝胶的构建及体外表征

目的:制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合温敏凝胶,探讨其作为拔牙位点保存材料的理化性能。方法:采用原位沉积方法制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(MWNT/ HA简称HAC)复合无机材料,将其分散至壳聚糖温敏凝胶中,制备壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(CS /MWNT/HA简称CS/HAC)复合温敏凝胶,以成胶时间、孔径、孔隙率、机械强度及降解性能为指标优化配方设计,并表征复合温敏凝胶的微观形貌及理化性能。结果:以10 g/L的HAC作为补强成分加入到壳聚糖溶液中,能够在不影响成胶并保证一定孔隙率(84%)的前提下,提高材料的机械性能(抗压强度0.441 MPa),所获复合温敏凝胶具有适宜的临床操作时间(12 min),并具有可控的降解速率。结论:负载HAC的复合温敏凝胶具有良好的成型性,并具有较好的机械性能,在拔牙位点保存领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Interventional neuroradiologic procedures in the head and neck

Interventional radiology and interventional neuroradiology are evolving specialties which can aid the head and neck surgeons in the clinical management of patients with complex vascular lesions.