鼻咽癌放疗损伤的探讨

鼻咽癌放疗损伤的探讨陈成钦鼻咽癌治疗的主要手段为放射治疗，随着ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ的应用，鼻咽病变部位更明确，放射野设计准确，远期生存率不断提高，故放射损伤发生率亦趋于增多，现分别综述如下。１放射性脑、脊髓损伤鼻咽癌放疗引起的放射性脑，脊髓损伤发病率，香港...     

富林密凝胶治疗Ⅱ°急性放射性皮炎的疗效观察

放射治疗是鼻咽癌的首选治疗方法,放射线能杀灭肿瘤细胞,也能引起正常组织损伤。一旦出现病人常十分痛苦,且愈合也较难,常常会影响放疗。我科自1999.1-2000.6采用富林密凝胶治疗放射性皮炎33例,与常规用药的33例进行对比,疗效显著,现总结如下:1 材料与方法l.1 临床资料 66例在放疗中发生急性放射性皮炎的鼻咽癌患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,治疗组33例,男性23例,女性10例。年龄26～66岁,平均年龄为46岁,放射性皮炎Ⅱ°25例,Ⅲ°8例。对照组:男性:21例,女性12例,年龄25-67岁,平均年龄为47岁,放射性皮炎Ⅱ°26例,Ⅲ°7例。发生放射性皮炎位置均为双颈部皮肤,全部病人均采用~(60)Co或6MVX线及电     

放射性颌骨坏死——附四例报告

头颈部恶性肿瘤应用放射治疗已趋普及。由射线引起放射性颌骨坏死及其继发的放射性颌骨骨髓炎 ,近年来有增多的趋势。颌骨放射性坏死 (骨髓炎 )发生后 ,病期漫长 ,治疗困难 ,给病员带来很大的痛苦。因此选择放射治疗头颈部恶性肿瘤 ,应采取适当的预防措施 ,可避免发生此病和降低发病率。1　临床资料　放射性颌骨坏死 4例。男性 3例 ,女性1例 ,年龄 4 6岁～ 69岁。单纯放疗 1例 ,术后放疗 3附表　放射性颌骨坏死并发症病因耳聋皮瘘张口受限口干鼻咽癌 1 1 1 1腮腺腺癌 1 1 0 0颌下腺腺样囊性癌 0 1 1 1口底鳞癌 0 1 1 0例。放射源60 Ｃｏ 2例…     

局部残存与复发鼻咽癌的立体放射治疗

鼻咽癌放射治疗后局部残存和复发是治疗失败的主要原因。立体定向放射治疗技术的应用使提高局部残存和复发鼻咽癌的治疗效果成为可能。１材料与方法自１９９６年１０月至２００１年１月我科采用立体定向放射治疗（SRT）方式治疗鼻咽癌局部残存和复发患者１６例，男１２例，女４例；中位年龄４９．５岁（３０～７４岁）。全部患者病理均为低分化鳞癌，无远处转移。TNM分期采用UICC１９９７鼻咽癌分期标准，Ⅰ期４例，Ⅱ期１例，Ⅲ期３例，Ⅳ期８例。所有患者行５mmCT螺旋扫描。２例患者应用GTC头环、飞利浦SK－２００立体定向支持系统…     

直肠癌放射治疗不良反应的防治与护理

直肠癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一 ,放射治疗是治疗直肠癌的主要方法之一。在放射治疗中不可避免出现一些不良反应 ,积极的防治和护理是保证放疗顺利进行和提高治疗效果的重要环节。我院 1998年 5月～ 2 0 0 1年 12月共收治直肠癌放疗患者 5 9例 ,总结报告如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料1998年 5月～ 2 0 0 1年 12月共收治直肠癌 5 9例 ,男 3 8例 ,女 2 1例 ;年龄 41～ 69岁。常规放射治疗 ,对穿野ＤＴ45Ｇｙ ,5个周后缩野补量 3 0～ 40Ｇｙ ,有 2 2例出现并发症 ,其中放射性肠炎 11例 ,放射性膀胱炎 9例 ,外阴炎 2例。1.2　并发症的预防直肠癌…     

258例鼻咽癌放疗患者的放射性口腔炎的防护

放射性口腔炎是鼻咽癌患者接受放射治疗最常见的并发症 ,主要表现为 :口腔粘膜充血、水肿、糜烂、溃疡、白膜形成、甚至疼痛、进食困难 ,影响治疗的顺利进行及治疗效果。细致的护理有助于放疗的顺利进行。我科于 2 0 0 2年 1月～2 0 0 3年 2月共收治鼻咽癌病人 2 5 8例 ,现将护理体会报告如下 :1　一般资料1 1　临床资料　 2 5 8例中男性 180例 ,女性 78例 ,年龄在 17～ 70岁之间 ,按鼻咽癌常规治疗方法 ,每周治疗 5天 ,每日肿瘤量为 2 0 0CGY ,以 6mev直线加速器照射鼻咽原发灶DT6 0～70Gy ,颈部切线野DT5 0～ 5 4Gy后据肿瘤退缩情况决…     

鼻咽癌放疗后放射性脑病影响因素分析

目的探讨鼻咽癌放射治疗后发生放射性脑病的影响因素。方法收集江门市中心医院2007年1月至2010年1月收治的鼻咽癌放疗后放射性脑病患者的临床资料,总结其临床特点,采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归进行相关危险因素的分析,探讨影响鼻咽癌放疗后放射性脑病的独立危险因素。结果同期560例鼻咽癌放射患者共26例发生了放射性脑病,发生率4.64%(26/560);发生放射性脑病的患者中首程放疗患者23例,中位潜伏期30个月(6~69个月),好发部位为双侧颞叶。通过单因素分析显示年龄、射线种类、再程放疗、放化疗疗程、临床分期是影响患者放疗后放射性脑病的因素;多因素分析显示射线种类、再程放疗、放化疗疗程、临床分期属于晚期是影响放疗后放射性脑病的独立危险因素。结论鼻咽癌放射性脑病是一个多因素的结果,射线种类、再程放疗、放化疗疗程、临床分期是主要影响因素,放射性脑病影响患者预后及生存质量。     

安替可配合放射治疗鼻咽癌的临床观察

为了研究安替可（深圳海王生物工程有限公司研制）和放疗联合治疗对鼻咽癌的协同作用，我们对５１例鼻咽癌进行临床对照观察。现报道如下。１材料与方法１．１病例选择所选病例为我科１９９７年３月至１９９９年４月收治的鼻咽癌患者５１例，均经病理证实并首次接受放射治疗。随机分为常规放疗加安替可组（治疗组）和单纯放疗组（对照组）。治疗组３１例，年龄２４～６９岁，平均４７岁；男性２５例，女性６例；病理类型：鳞癌２７例，泡状核细胞癌３例，未分化癌１例；临床分期：Ⅱ期９例，Ⅲ期１７例，Ⅳ期５例。其中２９例有颈淋巴结转移…     

鼻咽癌250例放疗效果分析

鼻咽癌在我国南方高发,其主要治疗手段是放射治疗。本文对我院1977年3月～1982年12月收治并随访5～10年以上的鼻咽癌250例进行临床资料及放疗效果分析。 材料与方法 性别与年龄:男195例,女55例,男女之比为3.5:1。年龄11～82岁,30～59岁发病率最高占     

百士欣对鼻咽癌患者免疫调节作用

百士欣 (Ubenimex)是具有抗肿瘤与免疫调节双重作用的抗癌药物。本文重点报告百士欣对鼻咽癌患者的免疫调节作用。1　资料与方法1.1　临床资料　 30例均经病理确诊为鼻咽癌 ,均首次接受放射治疗随机分为常规放疗加百士欣胶囊 (治疗组 )和单纯放疗组 (对照组 )。治疗组 15例 ,年龄 2 6～ 6 8岁 ,平均 4 8岁。男性 10例 ,女性 5例。病理 :鳞癌 11例 ,泡状核细胞癌 3例 ,分化癌 1例 ,临床分期 ,Ⅱ期 8例 ,Ⅲ期 7例 ,其中 11例有颈淋巴结转移。对照组 15例 ,年龄 2 7～ 6 7岁 ,平均年龄 4 9岁 ,男性 12例 ,女性 3例 ,病理 :鳞癌 12例 ,泡状核细…     

Ringworm in animals in a farm in Assiut

Bericht über das Auftreten von Hautmykosen bei Tieren auf der Farm der Landwirtschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Assiut. Von 70 Kälbern waren 42 pilzkrank, davon 22 durch T. mentagrophytes, 20 durch T. verrucosum. Von 180 Kühen waren 8 pilzbefalien, sämtlich durch T. mentagrophytes. Von 2 kranken Bullen wurde T. verrucosum isoliert. Auch die 3 Pferde und 2 Maultiere der Farm waren pilzinfiziert; Erreger war in diesen Fällen T. equinum. Auch ein Kalb war von T. equinum befallen. Die gleiche Pilzart wurde ferner von 3 Tierpflegern isoliert, die Pilzherde am Hals und an den Armen aufwiesen.     

Statistical challenges in preprocessing in microarray experiments in cancer

Many clinical studies incorporate genomic experiments to investigate the potential associations between high-dimensional molecular data and clinical outcome. A critical first step in the statistical analyses of these experiments is that the molecular data are preprocessed. This article provides an overview of preprocessing methods, including summary algorithms and quality control metrics for microarrays. Some of the ramifications and effects that preprocessing methods have on the statistical results are illustrated. The discussions are centered around a microarray experiment based on lung cancer tumor samples with survival as the clinical outcome of interest. The procedures that are presented focus on the array platform used in this study. However, many of these issues are more general and are applicable to other instruments for genome-wide investigation. The discussions here will provide insight into the statistical challenges in preprocessing microarrays used in clinical studies of cancer. These challenges should not be viewed as inconsequential nuisances but rather as important issues that need to be addressed so that informed conclusions can be drawn.     

Trends in zygomycosis in children

Zygomycosis, or mucormycosis, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in both children and adults. Studies in adults have shown an increase in the incidence of zygomycosis, particularly among haemtopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients and patients with haematologic malignancies. There is a paucity of data on the epidemiology of zygomycosis in children. We performed a retrospective analysis to describe trends in zygomycosis between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2010. We used the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database to identify paediatric patients who were diagnosed with zygomycosis during the study period. Administrative data on diagnoses, demographics, underlying conditions and clinical experiences were collected. Summary statistics were calculated and tests for trend were conducted. We identified 156 unique patients with zygomycosis. The prevalence of zygomycosis did not significantly increase over time (P=0.284). The most common underlying condition was malignancy (58%) and over half received intensive care. Voriconazole utilisation among all hospitalised children significantly increased during the period (P=0.010). Our study demonstrates that the incidence of zygomycosis is not significantly increasing. During the time period there was a significant increase in the use of voriconazole among children.     

Hemoglobin in lymphogranulomatosis in children

The peculiarities of hemoglobin content and properties in lymphogranulomatosis were studied in children by different methods. In most patients the content of fetal hemoglobin and methhemoglobin was found to increase and the rate of ferricyanide oxidation of hemoglobin also increases. Simultaneously, the rate of non-homogenicity of basic hemoglobin fractions was observed to increase on account of immunologically different components.     

Dermatomycosis in Goats in India

Summary: In an extensive survey involving 2176 goats 1.56% of goats manifested clinical lesions of ringworm infection. Animals below the age of 6 months were affected most (4.20%). The incidence of infection was higher during the winter months. T. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes and M. gypseum were isolated from the skin scrapings of 12, 4, and 2 goats respectively. It is suggested that the infected animals could be a source of disease to human population in which the zoophilic dermatophyte invasion is characterized by severe inflammatory lesions of the skin. The zoonotic importance of different dermatophytes is stressed.
Zusammenfassung: In einer ausgedehnten Untersuchung an 2176 Ziegen wurden bei 1,56% klinische Zeichen einer Hautmykose festgestellt. Tiere, die jühger als 6 Monate alt waren, zeigten mit 4,20% am häfigsten Krankheitssymptome. In den Wintermonaten war die Erkrankungshäufigkeit am gröBten. T. vermcosum, T. mentagrophytes and M. gypseum wurden jeweils von 12,4 bzw. 2 Ziegen isoliert. Die inflzierten Tiere köinnen eine Infektionsquelle für die menschliche Bevölkerung darstellen und dort Mykosen mit stark entzündlichen Veränderungen auslösen. Die Bedeutung verschiedener Dermatophyten als Erreger von Zoonosen wird hervorgehoben.     

Sex hormones in women in rural China and in Britain

Plasma concentrations of certain hormones linked to breast cancer risk were measured in age-pooled samples from 3,250 rural Chinese women in 65 counties, and 300 British women, all aged 35-64. In age-groups 35-44, 45-54 and 55-64 respectively, mean oestradiol concentrations were 36% (P = 0.043), 90% (P less than 0.001) and 171% (P = 0.001) higher in the British than in the Chinese women, and mean testosterone concentrations were 48% (P less than 0.001), 68% (P less than 0.001) and 53% (P = 0.001) higher in the British than in the Chinese women. The difference in testosterone concentrations between the two countries appeared to be due largely to the lower average body weight in the Chinese women. Sex hormone binding globulin did not differ significantly between the two countries in age groups 35-44 and 45-54, but was 15% (P = 0.002) lower in the British than in the Chinese women at ages 55-64. Prolactin concentrations did not differ significantly between the two countries in any age group.     

Temozolomide treatment in glioma--experiences in two university hospitals in Finland

Thirty-two patients with relapsing glioma were treated with temozolomide in two university hospitals in Finland. One patient (3%) had complete response and 9 (28%) partial response, with 8 patients (25%) showing stable disease. Median progression-free survival for these 18 patients (56%) was 7 months (range 2-11+). The remaining either had progressive disease (25%) or only clinical evaluation (19%). Karnofsky score improved in 34% of patients and decreased in 3%. Symptoms were alleviated in 44% and deteriorated in 9%. Grade 3-4 toxicity was detected in 9% of the patients. Only 4% of the days in treatment were spent in hospital. An average 1.8 neuroradiological investigations, 6.9 laboratory visits, and 5.3 visits to the oncologist were made. This study confirms that temozolomide has positive effects on the outcome of often heavily pretreated glioma patients. High drug costs are compensated by prolonged home care and even the possibility to maintain working capacity.