高强度聚集超声治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓24例临床疗效观察

目的探讨高强度聚集超声（LIFU）治疗门静脉癌栓的临床疗效和安全性。方法应用高强度聚焦超声治疗系统对24例原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的患者进行治疗。观察治疗后癌栓的体积大小,回声和门静脉血流动力学变化,以及患者肝功能、腹水、生活质量改善情况。结果HIFU治疗后24例患者门静脉癌栓均有不同程度的缩小或消失,临床症状改善,生活质量不同程度提高。结论HIFU治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓安全无创,疗效肯定,有一种治疗门静脉癌栓的新方法,值得临床推广。     

高强度聚焦超声刀治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓50例分析

目的 观察高强度聚焦超声治疗机对原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓治疗的有效性,临床应用价值及安全性.方法 应用FEP-BYO2型高强度聚焦超声治疗机对肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的50例患者进行治疗,观察治疗后门静脉癌栓的血流变化,癌栓回声改变及癌栓大小的改变以及患者肝功能、腹水变化情况等.结果 50例患者经治疗后门静脉内癌栓回声增强,癌栓大小均有不同程度的缩小,门静脉血流改善,腹水减少,肝功能指标好转.结论 用FEP-BYO2型高强度聚焦超声治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓具有安全无创、疗效确切的治疗作用.     

二维及彩色多普勒超声诊断肝癌门静脉癌栓的临床分析

目的探讨二维超声结合彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）诊断肝癌门静脉癌栓的临床价值。方法回顾性分析39例肝癌门静脉癌栓的二维及彩色多普勒超声影像表现,采用二维超声观察肝癌部位、大小、门静脉内部回声及周边情况,应用CDFI检测门静脉癌栓及其周围血流特点。结果肝癌弥漫型、结节型、巨块型中以前者伴发门静脉癌栓率最高;而门静脉癌栓好发部位依次为主干、左支、右支。门静脉癌栓二维超声表现为门静脉内径增宽,管腔内见局限性或弥漫性实体回声,部分或完全阻塞管腔,门静脉周围尚可出现海绵样变性;CDFI则表现为门静脉血流变细或中断。结论二维超声结合CD-FI诊断肝癌门静脉癌栓简便可靠,是临床首选方法之一。     

双介入法治疗肝癌门静脉癌栓

目的探讨双介入法治疗肝癌门静脉癌栓的疗效。方法对25例不能手术的肝癌并门静脉癌栓的患者于TACE治疗5～7d后,在CT引导下经皮门静脉穿刺向癌栓内注射无水酒精碘化油乳液。结果25例中PVTT消失率24％（6／25）,缩小率48％（12／25）,有效率72％（18／25）。肿瘤缩小率88％（22／25）。AFP转阴率80％。治疗后门脉情况发生明显改善：DSA间接门静脉造影见门静脉延迟显现时间明显缩短、门脉主干或分支充盈缺损减小或消失,与治疗前比较有明显差异（P〈0．05）。患者1、2、3年生存率76％（19／25）、40％（10／25）、24％（6／25）。结论TACE联合经皮门静脉穿刺注射无水酒精碘化油乳液治疗肝癌门静脉主干癌栓可降低患者门静脉压力,预防肝内转移,提高疗效,改善生存质量,延长生存期。     

肝癌伴门静脉癌栓采用经导管植入~(125)I放射性粒子治疗的临床价值探析

目的研究肝癌伴门静脉癌栓采用经导管植入125I放射性粒子治疗的临床价值探析。方法抽取我院收治的21例肝癌伴门静脉癌栓患者为研究对象,行门静脉125I粒子植入术。手术方法采用超声导引穿刺门静脉,经导管植入125I放射性粒子。观察比较治疗前后患者癌栓及肝功能的变化、总有效率和术后并发症。结果经导管植入125I放射性粒子治疗后,完全缓解3例,部分缓解9例,患者1年、2年生存率分别为53.45%、36.75%,平均生存期为(14±2)个月。结论经导管植入125I放射性粒子治疗肝癌伴门静脉癌栓疗效确切,且创伤性小、操作简单,有着良好的临床价值,值得推广应用。     

超声在肝癌门静脉癌栓诊断中的价值

目的 探讨超声在肝癌门静脉癌栓诊断中的价值.方法 回顾性分析大理学院附属医院72例肝癌门静脉癌栓患者超声检查资料,观察在超声检查中肝癌所发生的部位、门静脉内部回声特征及血流特点.结果 肝癌门静脉癌栓发生率为30％,主干及左支是其好发部位,且在超声中回声的特点均为低回声、内部回声欠均匀声像,充满型癌栓可见不规则线状或星状血流信号,约占20％,其中癌栓所在支血流完全中断占80％.10例孤立型癌栓附着处彩色血流信号充盈缺损,血流束变细,其血流速度明显加快,与CT、磁共振成像(MRI)影像学检查结果比较,超声检查敏感性较高.结论 超声在肝癌门静脉癌栓诊断中起重要作用,可在临床推广应用.     

高强度聚焦超声治疗联合肝动脉栓塞化疗对肝癌伴门静脉癌栓患者生存的影响

目的：探讨高强度聚焦超声治疗（HIFU）联合肝动脉栓塞化疗（TACE）对肝癌伴门静脉癌栓（PVTT）患者生存的影响。方法收集2007年10月-2012年6月我院肿瘤科原发性肝癌伴PVTT患者76例,分为观察组39例和对照组37例。观察组采取HIFU联合TACE和对照组单纯应用TACE治疗,观察两组疗效、生存质量、生存时间和1年生存率,并对患者生存质量进行评分。结果观察组患者总有效率71.8％高于对照组43.2％;两组不良反应发生率无显著差异,生存时间及1年生存率观察组优于对照组。治疗3个月以后生存质量观察组显著优于对照组。结论 TACE联合HIFU可显著提高疗效及生存时间和1年生存率,改善患者生存质量。     

肝细胞癌合并门静脉癌栓的外科治疗体会

肝细胞癌(下称肝癌)合并门静脉癌栓是目前肝癌外科治疗的棘手问题。1982年～1990年我院对5例肝癌合并门静脉癌栓病人实施了肝切除加癌栓清除术。现报告如下: 临床资料本组均为男性。年龄39～65岁。病程1.6～6个月。全组病例均有肝区稳痛伴体重减轻和乏力,3例肝肿大,全组皆无黄疸和腹水,肝功能正常或基本正常。B型超声和/或CT检查均提示肝癌合并门静脉左支(4例)或右支(1例)癌栓,其中3例癌栓向门静     

磁共振门静脉成像对肝癌门静脉癌栓的诊断价值与临床应用

目的探讨磁共振门静脉成像(MRP)对肝癌门静脉癌栓(PVTT)的影像诊断与临床应用价值。方法收集了110例手术或介入治疗确诊的肝癌(HCC)合并门静脉癌栓患者的临床资料,全部患者均行MRP检查。总结肝癌门静脉癌栓的影像学表现和癌栓在在门静脉主干及分支的分布情况。结果门静脉癌栓的影像学表现为:MR增强扫描动脉期110例门静脉癌栓可见肝动脉供血,表现为点状、条状强化血管影,癌栓轻度强化或无强化。110例门静脉癌栓均可见门静脉主干或分支血管腔内充盈缺损,其中局限性充盈缺损41例,完全阻塞型69例,表现为门静脉主干或分支截断,正常血流信号消失,门脉管腔增宽;37例可见门静脉局部管腔受压、变细、移位;19例可见门静脉海绵样变性。PVTT的发生部位:110例肝癌门静脉癌栓中,累及二级及二级以上门静脉分支18例(16.4%);癌栓累及一级门静脉分支46例(41.8%),其中累及一叶一级分支29例,累及两叶一级分支17例;癌栓累及门静脉主干31例(28.2%);累及肠系膜静脉或下腔静脉15例(13.6%)。结论 MR门静脉成像对肝癌门静脉癌栓诊断明确,癌栓范围、大小显示清楚,有助于制定临床治疗方案和预后判断。     

栓塞化疗联合无水酒精治疗中晚期原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓78例疗效观察

目的观察无水酒精注射术治疗中晚期原发性肝癌(PHC)合并门静脉癌栓(PVTT)的临床疗效。方法 78例合并门静脉癌栓的中晚期肝癌均在选择性肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)的基础上加门静脉癌栓内无水酒精注射术(PEI),观察治疗效果。结果 TACE加门静脉癌栓PEI后3年生存率为29.5%;治疗后门静脉癌栓总有效率为71.8%(56/78)。治疗前后患者肿瘤大小及血中AFP水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),无严重并发症。结论 TACE加PEI治疗中晚期肝癌合并门静脉癌栓患者是一种有效的方法。     

alpha-glucosidase (CHO) (Genzyme)

Genzyme General is developing recombinant human alpha-glucosidase, produced in mammalian cell culture, as a potential treatment for Pompe disease. By July 2004, enrollment was completed in two clinical trials and an observational study in adults. Genzyme was planning to file for regulatory approval in Europe during 2004, followed by filings in the US and Japan in mid-2005.     

(S)-oxybutynin (Sepracor)

Sepracor is developing (S)-oxybutynin, a single-isomer version of Alza's Ditropan (racemic oxybutynin), a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, as a potential treatment for urinary incontinence.     

Allosteric interaction of zinc with recombinant alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) and alpha(1)beta(2) GABA(A) receptors

In a recent study we have provided evidence that inhibition of native GABA(A) receptors by zinc depends primarily on the allosteric modulation of receptor gating. Both the kinetics and the sensitivity of the GABA(A) receptor to zinc depend on subunit composition, especially on the presence of the gamma(2) subunit. To analyze the mechanism of action of zinc its effects have been tested on recombinant alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) and alpha(1)beta(2) receptors expressed in HEK 293 cells. The currents produced by ultrafast application of GABA have been measured to assess the impact of zinc ions on GABA(A) receptor gating with resolution corresponding to the time scale of synaptic currents. While, as expected, zinc markedly reduced the peak amplitude of alpha(1)beta(2)-mediated currents, its effect on kinetics was significantly different from that observed for alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2). In particular, unlike alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2), zinc did not affect the onset of alpha(1)beta(2)-mediated responses. Moreover, zinc increased the extent of desensitisation of alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) receptors and reduced desensitisation of alpha(1)beta(2) ones. Quantitative analysis suggests that zinc exerts an allosteric modulation on both alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) and alpha(1)beta(2) receptors. Zinc effects on alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) were qualitatively similar to those reported for native receptors.     

Di(isononyl) phthalate (DINP) and di(isodecyl) phthalate (DIDP) are not mutagenic

Recently there have been reports of liver and kidney tumors in rodents following long-term exposure to di(isononyl) phthalate (DINP). Mechanistic studies suggested that the liver tumors were a consequence of peroxisomal proliferation, whereas the kidney tumors (found only in male rats) were associated with induction of alpha(2u)-globulin. Because both peroxisomal proliferation and alpha(2u)-globulin are considered to be non-genotoxic carcinogenic processes, it seemed appropriate to investigate the genotoxic potential of DINP. Additional studies were also conducted on di(isodecyl) phthalate (DIDP), a structurally related substance that also induces peroxisomal proliferation, although it has not been tested in a carcinogenicity bioassay. The DINP was tested in Salmonella, in vitro cytogenetics and mouse micronucleus assays, whereas DIDP was evaluated in a mouse micronucleus test. All of these tests produced negative results, i.e. neither phthalate was mutagenic in any of the test systems. These data are consistent with results of other published and unpublished genotoxicity tests and provide support for the hypothesis that the liver and kidney tumors induced by DINP were the result of non-genotoxic processes.     

Developmental toxicity of di-(C(7)-C(9) alkyl) phthalate and di-(C(9)-C(11) alkyl) phthalate in the rat

Two phthalate esters, di-(C(7)-C(9) alkyl) phthalate (D79P) and di-(C(9)-C(11) alkyl) phthalate (D911P), have been assessed for their potential to cause developmental toxicity in the rat. Groups of 22 timed-mated Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg D79P or D911P daily by oral gavage (5 ml/kg) between gestation days (GD) 1 and 19. Control animals received the vehicle (olive oil) alone. On GD20, the animals were sacrificed and the fetuses examined. Treatment resulted in no signs of maternal toxicity, as assessed by adjusted maternal bodyweight gain throughout gestation and clinical examinations, and no effects upon litter size, fetal survival or bodyweight. Pups of the high dose D79P and intermediate and high dose D911P groups showed increased incidences of supernumerary lumbar ribs. There was a significant increase in dilated renal pelves in pups of the low dose D79P and high dose D911P groups, but only for D911P was there a significant trend. Consequently, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for maternal toxicity for both D79P and D911P is 1000 mg/kg/day. The NOAEL values for developmental toxicity are 500 mg/kg/day D79P and 250 mg/kg/day D911P.     

1,2-环己二胺柠檬酸铂(Ⅱ)及异柠檬酸铂(Ⅱ)的合成和抗癌活性

报道了1,2-环己二胺异柠檬酸铂(Ⅱ)及1,2-环己二胺柠檬酸铂(Ⅱ)的合成及鉴定方法。抗癌试验表明前者在40及80mg/kg 剂量下对小鼠 L1210、P388及S180均有明显的抑瘤作用,且有部分动物可治愈;后者对 L1210也有明显的抑瘤作用,但较前者为弱。     

Two-generation reproduction toxicity studies of di-(C(7)-C(9) alkyl) phthalate and di-(C(9)-C(11) alkyl) phthalate in the rat

Di-(C(7)-C(9) alkyl) phthalate (D79P) and di-(C(9)-C(11) alkyl) phthalate (D911P), based on high-normality linear oxo-alcohols, have been assessed for their impact upon reproductive performance in Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were continuously exposed to either D79P or D911P at dietary levels of 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, or 1.0% over two generations. Selected F(0) offspring (F(1) generation) were exposed to the same dietary concentration of D79P or D911P as the respective F(0) animals, and were mated to produce F(1) offspring. Both D79P and D911P markedly reduced body weight gain in F(0) and F(1) adult males at the highest dose, but females were affected to a lesser extent. There was no impairment of fertility, fecundity, or development in either generation, but body weights of offspring in the 1.0% D79P and 1.0% D911P groups were slightly and transiently reduced over the weaning period. Although decreases in the weight of several organs were accounted for by depressed body weight, ovary weights were reduced in both generations exposed to 1.0% D79P, and epididymidal weights were slightly reduced in adults of both generations exposed to 1.0% D911P. However, ovarian function-assessed by the oestrus cycle and mating behaviour-and epididymidal sperm concentration, motility, and morphology were unaffected by either substance. Treatment resulted in liver changes, particularly in males, characterised by increased liver weight in young animals, histopathologic changes and reduced organ weight in mature animals, and an increase in palmitoyl CoA oxidase activity. In conclusion, neither D79P nor D911P impaired reproductive function in rats when administered in the diet at levels that induce systemic toxicity, and the NOAEL for effects on reproduction in the rat is 0.5% for both D79P and D911P.     

4（R）—（6—氨基—9H—嘌呤—9—基）—2（R）—（羟甲基）四氢呋喃—3（R）—醇的合成

为寻找抗HIV化合物,我们以D－核糖为原料,经甲基化、硅烷基化、还原裂解反应制得重要中间体1－脱氧核糖（5）,再通过形成环状亚砜化合物,与NaN3发生反应后,经过还原、缩合、环合、氨化、脱保护基反应制得异脱氧腺嘌呤核苷（1）,各步反应收率均超过70％。其抗HIV活性测定尚在进行中。     

Psychopharmacological profile of 1-(m-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl) piperazine (TFMPP)

The effect of TFMPP, an agonist of the 5-HT1b receptors, was studied in mice on several psychopharmacological parameters. In contrast to imipramine-like drugs, TFMPP neither antagonized reserpine-induced hypothermia nor increased yohimbine-induced toxicity. Similarly to imipramine-like drugs, TFMPP antagonized oxotremorine-induced hypothermia and was active in the behavioural despair test. In addition, TFMPP normalized a social behavioural deficit induced by isolation. The effects of TFMPP on oxotremorine-induced hypothermia in the behavioural despair test and in the isolation-induced social behavioural deficit are all antagonized by d-1 propranolol. It is concluded that TFMPP seems to possess psychotropic activity resembling only in part that of imipramine-like drugs and that these actions may be mediated through 5-HT1b receptors.