骨折端注射“促骨愈合素”对骨愈合影响的实验研究与临床应用

家兔34只,双侧尺骨中段人工锯断,造成2mm骨缺损。左侧(药物侧)于术中当时及术后每隔3天注射“促骨愈合素”0.5ml,15天停药,右侧(对照侧)不注药。术后1～8周X线片及组织学检查结果表明,注药侧骨痂、骨小梁、钙盐等的出现及数量均明显优于对照侧。经两家医院协作治疗13例新鲜骨折和15例骨不连病人,结果满意。证实骨折端注射“促骨愈合素”能促进新鲜骨折愈合,缩短疗程,对骨不连可获完全治愈。     

桡骨远端逆行带血管蒂植骨治疗舟状骨骨不连

目的探讨桡骨远端逆行带血管蒂植骨治疗舟状骨骨不连的疗效。方法从2003年3月—2009年5月我科收治舟状骨骨折骨不连病人16例,采用桡骨远端逆行带血管蒂植骨的方法进行治疗。结果平均随访时间12月,采用Herbert和F isher的舟骨骨折分级评价系统,所有病人骨折愈合,平均愈合时间2月,有较高的满意度和好的临床结果。结论桡骨远端逆行带血管蒂植骨治疗舟状骨骨折骨不连疗效好,可以作为治疗舟状骨骨不连的首选方法。     

富血小板血浆结合锁定加压钢板内固定治疗四肢长管状骨骨折术后骨不连

运用富血小板血浆(PRP)结合锁定加压钢板(LCP)内固定治疗四肢长管状骨骨折术后骨不连患者29例(35处),术后8个月按照骨折的骨性愈合标准进行评定,29例(35处)全部愈合。此方法治疗四肢长管状骨骨折术后骨不连可以取得满意疗效。     

辅助钢板治疗胫骨骨折髓内钉术后骨不连的临床疗效

目的评价辅助钢板联合自体骨植骨治疗胫骨骨折髓内钉内固定术后骨不连的临床疗效。方法 2015年1月—2017年12月苏州中西医结合医院骨科采用单皮质锁定钢板联合自体髂骨植骨治疗胫骨骨折髓内钉内固定术后骨不连患者19例,其中男性11例,女性8例;年龄20～59岁,平均33.5岁。均保留原有髓内钉内固定。术后定期随访,根据X线片及下肢功能评价骨折愈合程度。结果所有病例均获得骨性愈合,愈合时间4～9个月,平均5.5个月。术后无感染、皮肤坏死及内固定失效等并发症,术后患肢功能良好。结论锁定钢板联合自体髂骨植骨是治疗胫骨骨折髓内钉固定术后骨不连的有效方法。     

舟骨骨折的诊断、治疗与预后

目的：探讨各型舟骨骨折的预后,以提高舟骨骨折的治疗效果。方法对１１０例舟骨骨折患者进行长期随访,从诊断、治疗上进行综合临床预后分析,从而积累舟骨骨折的诊治经验。结果随访５－１７年,无移位的舟骨骨折７６例,漏诊１５例（１９．７％）,发生骨不连１０例（１３％）,近端骨缺血坏死１５例术方法治疗１６例,发生骨不连１例;３４例移位性骨折发生骨性关节炎２１例,均为骨不连、畸形愈合、缺血坏死所致。结论移位性舟骨     

交锁髓内钉内固定术治疗尺骨骨折术后骨不连

目的评估交锁髓内钉内固定术治疗尺骨骨折术后骨不连的临床疗效。方法采用交锁髓内钉内固定术治疗11例尺骨骨折术后骨不连患者,其中4例萎缩型骨不连辅以自体髂骨植骨术。术后采用Meod标准评估骨折愈合情况及前臂功能。结果平均随访11．6个月（8～18个月）,11例骨折均愈合,前臂功能优7例,良3例,可1例。结论交锁髓内钉内固定术是治疗尺骨术后骨不连的可选择术式之一。     

股骨骨折骨不连的生物力学因素及其对策

目的：探讨股骨骨折骨不连的生物力学因素，并提出相应的对策。方法：68例股骨干骨折骨不连经带锁髓内钉治疗，13例股骨远端骨折骨不连实施动力髁螺钉(DCS)内固定术，治疗同时行自体髂骨髓腔内外植骨术。结果：81例股骨骨折骨不连患者随访8～24个月，平均14个月。68例股骨干骨不连治疗后，有5例出现主钉或锁钉折断，经再次行带锁髓内钉内固定加植骨术治愈，其余患者不连端全部愈合；13例股骨远端骨不连经DCS内固定术后全部愈合。81例平均愈合时间为6．5个月。根据骨折愈合及功能恢复综合指标评定疗效，本组优54例，良21例，差6例，优良率92．6％。结论：股骨骨折骨不连的主要原因为内收肌群的生物力学因素导致内固定失败造成；股骨干骨折及骨不连手术内固定应以髓内固定为主，股骨髁部骨折及不连接应选用坚强的DCS系统。     

胫骨萎缩性骨不连骨折局部DSA的初步应用

目的研究胫骨萎缩性骨不连骨折区局部血液循环的改变情况。方法对12例骨折不愈合患者的骨折局部进行数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查,观察骨折不愈合处及周围软组织的血管形态变化、血管数目变化以及局部血液微循环时间的变化。同时观察12例正常人相应部位的DSA表现,对所得的2组数据进行统计学分析。结果骨不连患者的骨折局部的血管形态无明显变化,12例患者骨折区的血管计数均在正常范围之内,局部血液微循环时间2组比较具有显著的统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论研究表明,局部微循环障碍导致的供氧不足可能是骨不连的一个重要原因。     

双重钢板固定加植骨治疗肱骨中下段骨折术后骨不连

目的探讨双重钢板固定加植骨治疗肱骨中下段骨折术后骨不连的临床疗效。方法分析总结15例肱骨中下段骨折术后骨不连患者的临床资料,骨不连的治疗均采用更换内固定+双钢板固定+植骨的方法。结果 14例获得随访,时间12~20个月,平均(16±2.7)个月,14例Ⅰ期愈合,平均愈合时间(5.0±1.2)个月,Ⅰ期愈合率为93.3%。按Jupiter肘关节功能评分:优8例,良5例,中1例,差0例,优良率92.9%。结论采用双重钢板固定加植骨治疗肱骨中下段骨折术后骨不连是一种较理想的方法。     

尺骨骨不连与尺桡骨解剖结构的相关性分析及对策

分析44例尺桡骨骨折术后发生尺骨骨不连临床资料。运用外固定加有限内固定、植骨等方法处理骨不连,44例骨不连完全获得骨性愈合。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.