胰腺癌细胞系BxPC3及胰腺癌组织Ras相关区域家族1A启动子CpG岛的甲基化状态

目的 检测Ras相关区域家族1A(Ras association domain family 1A,RASSF1A)在胰腺癌细胞株BxPC3及胰腺癌组织中的甲基化状态,探讨其启动子异常甲基化在胰腺癌发病机制中的可能作用.方法 采用结合重亚硫酸盐的限制性内切酶法(combined bisulfite restriction analysis,COBRA)检测胰腺癌细胞株BxPC3、5例正常胰腺组织、13对胰腺癌及相应癌旁正常胰腺组织中RASSF1A启动子CpG岛的甲基化状态,计算其甲基化率.以甲基化酶抑制剂5-Aza-dC(5-Aza-2-deoxycitydine)处理BxPC3,观察处理前后甲基化率变化情况及RASSF1A mRNA表达变化.结果 在BxPC3细胞株中,RASSF1A启动子的CpG岛甲基化率为62.90%;正常胰腺、癌旁及癌组织中平均分别为9.14%、53.79%和55.82%.与正常胰腺组织相比,胰腺癌旁及癌组织的RASSF1A启动子甲基化率明显增高(P值<0.01),而癌旁及癌组织之间无明显差异(P>0.05).BxPC3经5-Aza-dC处理后,RASSF1A的CpG岛甲基化率显著下降至42.50%(P<0.05),同时RASSF1A mRNA表达增强.结论 RASSF1A启动子CpG岛异常甲基化是胰腺癌发生发展中的早期事件,可能参与胰腺癌的发病过程.     

甲基化CpG结合蛋白2在胰腺癌及癌旁组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:分析甲基化CpG结合蛋白2(MeCP2)在胰腺癌及癌旁组织中的表达及其对预后的评估价值。方法:采用组织芯片和免疫组织化学染色法检测59例胰腺癌组织和53例癌旁正常胰腺组织中MeCP2的表达,分析MeCP2表达水平与患者临床病理特征的关系,应用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,Cox回归法分析MeCP2表达对...     

胰腺癌组织SPARC基因CpG岛甲基化状态及临床意义

目的 检测胰腺癌SPARC基因CpG岛的甲基化状态及其与临床病理参数的关系.方法 收集17例胰腺癌及相应癌旁组织、6例CP和6例正常胰腺组织以及6例健康成人外周血液标本,抽提DNA,进行亚硫酸氢盐修饰,然后行甲基化特异性PCR,检测SPARC基因第一外显子区CpG岛的甲基化状态,并分析与肿瘤病理参数的关系.结果 健康人外周血白细胞DNA中SPARC基因第一外显子区CpG位点均无甲基化.正常胰腺、CP、胰腺癌及相应癌旁组织SPARC基因第2、3、4、5、6、7 CpG位点的甲基化率分别为61.6%、47.1%、37.5%、24.7%;第1,8、9、10、11、12 CpG位点的甲基化率分别为52.0%、28.7%、16.7%和0.胰腺癌SPARC基因甲基化率与正常胰腺、CP比较均差别非常显著(P＜0.001),与相应癌旁组织比较差别不显著.胰腺癌SPARC基因CpG岛甲基化与患者性别、年龄、危险诱因(如长期吸烟或饮酒、CP)、肿瘤大小、分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移等均无显著差异.结论 胰腺癌SPARC基因第一外显子区CpG岛为高甲基化状态,可能为胰腺癌发生、发展的早期事件.     

抑癌基因5′CpG甲基化的研究进展

在多种肿瘤中，抑癌基因5′CpG甲基化导致抑癌蛋白表达的减少与肿瘤发生密切相关。本文综述了抑癌基因5′CpG甲基化的形成机制、与人类肿瘤发生的关系以及相应的治疗对策。     

非小细胞肺癌11个肿瘤相关基因启动子CpG岛甲基化的研究

目的观测11个基因在非小细胞肺癌中的甲基化谱,探讨肺癌基因诊断的新途径.方法应用甲基化特异性的PCR（methyl-specific PCR,MSP）.方法检测甲基化率,回收产物测序.结果11个基因中有6个基因在癌组织中的甲基化率均＞40%并且高于癌旁组织,6个基因的甲基化率分别是APC 61%,RASSF1a 55%,p73 45%,p16INK4a 43%,CDH13 43%及RAR-β 41%,＞65岁组RASSF1a、p16INK4a和RAR-β甲基化率高于≤65岁组;吸烟史组APC、RASSF1a、p16INK4a和CDH13的甲基化率高于无吸烟史组;腺癌组APC、CDH13和RAR-β甲基化率高于鳞癌组,而鳞癌组p16INK4a甲基化率高于腺癌组;RASSF1a和p16INK4a甲基率随TNM 临床分期而逐渐增加.结论6个基因甲基化率的发生具有肿瘤特异性,并且相关基因的甲基化与NSCLC患者的病理生理密切相关,我们的研究为早期诊断NSCLC提供帮助.     

胃癌TIMP3基因启动子甲基化及其蛋白表达的研究

目的:探讨组织金属蛋白酶抑制因子-3(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3,TIMP3)基因启动子甲基化与其蛋白表达的相关性,并分析 TIMP3基因CpG岛异常甲基化与胃腺癌及其临床病理特征的关联性．方法:应用甲基化特异性PCR(MSP)技术和免疫组织化学方法分别检测78例患者的胃正常黏膜组织、胃癌组织及转移淋巴结中,TIMP3 基因启动子甲基化和蛋白表达情况．结果:胃正常黏膜组织、早期、进展期胃癌组织和转移淋巴结中TIMP3基因启动子均有甲基化修饰,其阳性率分别为35．9％(28／78); 85．0％(17／20),89．7％(52／58);转移淋巴结 100％(78／78)．胃癌组TIMP3基因启动子甲基化率明显高于胃正常黏膜组(尸<0．05)．胃正常黏膜组织TIMP3蛋白表达全部为阳性(100％), 20例早期胃癌中,6例阳性(30％),58例进展期胃癌中,2例阳性(3．4％),在转移淋巴结中全部不表达(0％)．胃癌70例蛋白表达阴性的标本中,64例TIMP3基因启动子甲基化阳性 (91．4％),TIMP3蛋白表达与启动子甲基化呈明显负相关(P<0．01)．结论:启动子区CpG岛高甲基化是胃癌组织中TIMP3基因表达失活的主要机制,可能成为胃癌分子诊断与病期评估的标志之一．     

胰腺癌组织中p16基因启动子区5''CpG岛甲基化及其表达研究

在胰腺癌多步骤、多阶段发生过程中有多种肿瘤相关基因参与。p16基因是其中一个重要的抑癌基因，参与细胞周期的调控，控制细胞的生长和分化。大量研究表明，多种肿瘤细胞中p16基因通过突变、缺失、高甲基化等方式失活，造成p16蛋白功能丧失，从而导致肿瘤细胞恶性生长。免疫组化研究发现，胰腺癌组织中p16蛋白失表达的比例很高，而关于胰腺原发瘤中p16基因甲基化改变及其临床病理意义的研究报道少见，本研究旨在探讨胰腺癌组织中p16基因启动子区5’CpG岛甲基化情况及其与P16蛋白表达的关系和临床意义，研究其在胰腺癌发生中的可能机制。     

结直肠癌CpG岛甲基化表型的研究进展

结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,是由遗传学和表观遗传学改变逐渐积累导致的.随着一类被称为CpG岛甲基化表型(CpG island methylator phenotype,CIMP)的CRC被发现,表观遗传学修饰在CRC发病中的作用就受到了越来越多的重视.CIMP是一类基因组中有高比例的基因启动子区发生了DNA高甲基化的CRC.目前研究显示CIMP具有多个分子水平的特征,而且CIMP与多个临床特征显著相关,但是还不清楚CIMP的具体致病原因和发病机制.CIMP在治疗上的预后和反应与其他CRC存在很大差异,但是目前没有被广泛认可的鉴定CIMP的生物标记,从而阻止了CIMP用于指导临床上CRC的个体化治疗.     

Decrease in cytosine methylation at CpG island shores and increase in DNA fragmentation during zebrafish aging

Age-related changes in DNA methylation have been demonstrated in mammals, but it remains unclear as to the generality of this phenomenon in vertebrates, which is a criterion for the fundamental cause of senescence. Here we showed that the zebrafish genome gradually and clearly lost methylcytosine in somatic cells, but not in male germ cells during aging, and that age-dependent hypomethylation preferentially occurred at a particular domain called the CpG island shore, which is associated with vertebrates’ genes and has been shown to be hypomethylated in humans with age. We also found that two CpG island shores hypomethylated in zebrafish oocytes were de novo methylated in fertilized eggs, which suggests that the zebrafish epigenome is reset upon fertilization, enabling new generations to restart with a heavily methylated genome. Furthermore, we observed an increase in cleavage of the zebrafish genome to an oligonucleosome length in somatic cells from the age of 12 months, which is suggestive of an elevated rate of apoptosis in the senescent stage.     

瘦素启动子甲基化在骨关节炎发病中的作用

目的 探讨瘦素启动子甲基化在骨关节炎(OA)发病中的作用.方法 取OA组和对照组(创伤行截肢手术,除外OA等关节炎性疾病)患者膝骨关节标本,培养膝关节软骨细胞,采用不同浓度(5.0 μmol/L、10.0 μmol/L、20.0 μmol/L)不同时间(12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h、96h、120 h、168 h)5-氮杂-2'-脱氧胞苷(5-Aza-CdR)刺激软骨细胞,实时定量PCR检测膝关节软骨细胞瘦素mRNA表达,同时使用Epityper DNA甲基化分析技术枪测该基因启动子部分区域(-280～+79)的甲基化状态.结果 (1)10μmol/L 5-Aza-CdR刺激OA组软骨细胞,其瘦素mRNA表达水平增高,72 h最为显著.(2)OA组5-Aza-CdR刺激72 h后软骨细胞瘦素mRNA表达最高,对照组无5-Aza-CdR刺激软骨细胞瘦素mRNA表达最低.(3)使用非先导分层聚类分析法对瘦素启动子区域进行分析,2组甲基化模式存在差异,且 5-Aza-CdR刺激前后甲基化模式也不相同.结论 瘦素启动子部分位点的去甲基化可能是引起该基因异常表达导致OA发生的始动因素之一.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effects of 5-Aza-CdR( methylation transferase inhibitor) on the expression levels of leptin gene in chondrocytes and methylation states of leptin promoter region between osteoarthritis (OA) group and control. Methods The chondrocytes in osteoarthritis group were treated with 5-Aza-CdR with different doses and time-points, and the expression level of leptin was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction for picking up the optimum dose and time-point. Next, the chondrocytes in 5 osteoarthritis patients and 5 control patients (amputation due to severe trauma) were treated with 5-Aza-CdR. Lastly, leptin mRNA expression levels in the four groups osteoarthritis and control chondrocytes treated with/without 5-Aza-CdR were measured by real-time PCR and the methylation state of promoter region ( - 280- + 79) was detected by epityper quantitative DNA methylation analysis. Results ( 1 ) After treating the chondrocytes in OA groups with 10 μmol/L 5-Aza-CdR for 72 h, the mRNA expression levels of leptin were increased significantly. ( 2 ) The mRNA expression levels of leptin were significantly different among the four groups ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), and the chondrocytes in osteoarthritis groups treated with 5-Aza-CdR showed a marked induction of leptin mRNA expression. (3) Analysis of quantitative methylation data using an unsupervised hierarchical clustering algorithm, showed that methylation patterns of leptin promoter was different between control and osteoarthritis chondrocyte treated with/without 5-Aza-CdR. Conclusion Demethylation of leptin promoter might up-regulate leptin gene expression level and it might contribute to osteoarthritis.     

Aberrant methylation frequency of TNFRSF10C promoter in pancreatic cancer cell lines

BACKGROUND:A growing body of evidence suggests that many tumors are initiated by both epigenetic abnormalities and gene mutations,which promote tumor progression. Epigenetic abnormalities include changes in DNA methylation and in the modification of histones.This study aimed to assess the status of methylation in the CpG island(CGI)of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10c(TNFRSF10C) with combined bisulfite restriction analysis(COBRA)and to evaluate its role in the progression of pancreat...     

甲基转移酶基因甲基化在结直肠肿瘤中的作用

目的探讨6氧甲基鸟嘌呤DNA甲基转移酶(MGMT)基因启动子CpG岛高甲基化在结直肠肿瘤发生、发展中的作用。方法用甲基特异性PCR检测20例正常大肠黏膜、27例散发性结直肠腺瘤和62例散发性结直肠腺癌组织DNA中MGMT基因启动子的甲基化,同时用免疫组化方法检测MGMT蛋白的表达情况。结果正常大肠黏膜组织均未显示甲基化条带,分别有40.7%(11/27)的腺瘤组织和43.5%(27/62)的腺癌组织存在MGMT基因启动子CpG岛高甲基化。正常大肠黏膜胞核和胞质表达MGMT蛋白,22.2%(6/27)的腺瘤和45.2%(28/62)的腺癌MGMT蛋白表达缺失,其差异有显著性(P=0.041)。6例MGMT表达缺失的腺瘤中5例存在甲基化(P=0.027),28例表达缺失的腺癌中24例存在甲基化(P<0.001)。结论结直肠肿瘤中存在高频率MGMT基因启动子高甲基化和蛋白表达缺失,腺癌中蛋白表达缺失比腺瘤中更常见。MGMT蛋白表达缺失与MGMT基因启动子区域高甲基化有关。MGMT基因表型遗传性失活可能在结直肠肿瘤发生过程中起重要作用。     

Aberrant promoter CpG methylation as a molecular marker for disease monitoring in natural killer cell lymphomas

Natural killer (NK) cell lymphomas lack suitable clonal markers for tumour cell detection, making the monitoring of minimal residual lymphoma difficult. Aberrant promoter CpG methylation occurs frequently in NK cell lymphomas. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of aberrant methylation as a surrogate tumour marker. Twenty-five primary tumours and 105 serial biopsies taken at various time points after treatment were examined using a methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) for a panel of genes, comprising p73, p16, hMLH1, RARbeta and p15, previously shown to be methylated in NK cell lymphomas. All samples underwent independent morphological examination, supplemented by immunostaining for CD56 and in-situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr-virus-encoded RNA. Primary tumours showed the frequent methylation of the genes p73 (92%), p16 (71%), hMLH1 (61%), RARbeta (56%) and p15 (48%). MSP results in serial post-treatment biopsies were correlated with clinicopathological findings. Results were concordant in 89 follow-up samples (18 samples, histology positive/MSP positive; 71 samples, histology negative/MSP negative) and discordant in 16. Fifteen samples were histology negative/MSP positive, and tumour involvement was subsequently confirmed (positive re-biopsies or relapses at the same sites), indicating that MSP was more sensitive for minimal lymphoma detection. One sample was histology positive/MSP negative; a subsequent histological review and continuous clinical remission of the patient did not support tumour involvement. Our findings suggest that MSP for aberrantly methylated genes is a potentially valuable molecular marker for detecting either residual or relapsed disease in NK cell lymphoma patients.