舒适护理在慢性支气管炎护理中的应用价值研究

目的：探索舒适护理在慢性支气管炎护理中的应用价值。方法：选择2013年12月－2015年月1于我院就诊的慢性支气管炎患者153例,随机将患者分为舒适护理组与常规护理组,常规护理组采用常规护理,舒适护理组患者使用舒适护理,比较两组患者的临床护理效果。结果：舒适护理组护理有效率明显高于常规护理组患者,P ＜0．05,差异存在统计学意义;舒适护理组护理满意度明显高于常规护理组,P ＜0．05,差异存在统计学意义。结论：舒适护理在慢性支气管炎护理中的应用价值高,能有效改善患者临床症状,提高护患满意度,减少护理纠纷,值得推广。     

舒适护理在慢性支气管炎护理中的应用价值研究

目的：探索舒适护理在慢性支气管炎护理中的应用价值。方法：选择2013年12月－2015年月1于我院就诊的慢性支气管炎患者153例,随机将患者分为舒适护理组与常规护理组,常规护理组采用常规护理,舒适护理组患者使用舒适护理,比较两组患者的临床护理效果。结果：舒适护理组护理有效率明显高于常规护理组患者,P＜0．05,差异存在统计学意义;舒适护理组护理满意度明显高于常规护理组,P＜0．05,差异存在统计学意义。结论：舒适护理在慢性支气管炎护理中的应用价值高,能有效改善患者临床症状,提高护患满意度,减少护理纠纷,值得推广。     

探讨舒适护理在股骨颈骨折护理中的应用

目的：探讨舒适护理在股骨颈骨折护理中的应用效果。方法：选取2012年6月至2013年5月我院收治的股骨颈骨折病人120例，随机分成观察组和对照组，每组60例，对照组实施常规护理，观察组在常规护理基础上采用舒适护理干预，观察两组的 SDS 与 SAS 评分和护理满意度。结果：经护理干预，两组的 SDS 与 SAS 评分均明显降低，且观察组降低水平明显优于对照组，护理满意度明显高于对照组（96.2％vs77.3％），P ＜0.05，有统计学意义。结论：对股骨颈骨折患者采取舒适护理干预，可有效改善患者的心情，提高患者的护理满意度，取得良好的临床效果，值得临床推广。     

舒适护理模式在血液透析护理中的应用效果探究

目的：探讨舒适护理对血液透析的影响。方法：随机将2013年3月~2014年3月在我院进行血液的48例患者分成2组，舒适组与常规组，每组24例，常规组采取常规护理，舒适组在对照组的基础上进行舒适护理，护理后比较2组患者的舒适率。结果：舒适组的舒适率明显高于常规组（P<0.01），有统计学意义。结论：舒适护理可明显提高患者的舒适度，增强患者对血液透析的信心，可在临床中推广应用。     

糖尿病肾病患者血液透析中舒适护理模式的应用及体会

目的：观察糖尿病肾病患者血液透析中舒适护理模式的应用效果。方法从前来我院进行血液透析的糖尿病肾病患者中抽取40例，随机分为观察组与对照组，对照组患者采用常规护理模式，观察组患者在常规护理基础上实施舒适护理模式。观察2组患者的不良情绪情况及舒适度、满意度。结果观察组患者焦虑程度与抑郁程度明显低于对照组患者，舒适度及满意度明显高于对照组患者，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论舒适护理模式能够有效提高糖尿病肾病透析患者的舒适程度及满意度，改善其焦虑、抑郁情况，提高生活质量。     

舒适护理在肺结核咯血患者护理中的应用

目的:探讨舒适护理在肺结核咯血患者中的应用效果。方法:将120例肺结核咯血患者分为对照组和观察组各60例,对照组采用传统护理模式,观察组进行针对性舒适护理模式,比较两组患者焦虑情绪和对舒适的满意度。结果:舒适护理干预后观察组患者的焦虑水平明显低于对照组;观察组患者对舒适满意度明显高于对照组。结论:舒适护理对缓解肺结核咯血患者焦虑情绪,提高舒适满意度有一定作用,可增加患者的舒适感与安全感,减少并发症的发生。     

舒适护理在溃疡性结肠炎患者中的应用

目的：探讨舒适护理在溃疡性结肠炎患者中的应用。方法：将57例溃疡性结肠炎患者随机分为两组，其中常规护理组27例，给予普通基础护理；舒适护理组30例，给予舒适护理。比较两组在治疗和护理满意度、焦虑缓解率和依从性方面的差异。结果：常规护理组患者护理满意度、焦虑缓解率及护理配合度与舒适护理组相比明显较低（P ＜0.05）。结论：舒适护理模式应用于溃疡性结肠炎患者的整体护理过程中，提高了患者对诊疗护理工作的满意度和顺应性，效果显著，值得推广应用。     

手术室护理中舒适护理的应用

目的:探究手术室护理中舒适护理的应用效果.方法:选取2014年7月至2015年8月我院收治的86例择术期外科手术患者,采用随机数字分配法平均分为常规组和舒适组,常规组采用传统手术室护理方式,舒适组在常规组的基础上结合术前访视、术中护理以及术后护理回访等舒适化护理方式,综合评估两组患者的术后恢复状况和护理满意度.结果:舒适组患者的精神紧张程度、心率、血压等各项指标均由于常规组,且舒适组患者的护理满意度明显高于常规组,组间差异明显(P<0.05).结论:在手术室护理中运用舒适化护理方式能够缓解患者的紧张情绪,有效控制心率和血压,提升患者对护理的满意度.     

观察舒适护理模式在手术室护理工作中的应用效果

目的：探讨舒适护理模式在手术室护理工作中的应用效果。方法：选取我院收治的150例已经决定择期进行手术的患者作为研究对象，将这些患者随机地分为观察组和对照组，每组各有患者75例。对观察组患者进行常规的护理，对对照组患者在常规护理的基础上进行舒适护理。然后探讨两组患者进行手术治疗的效果、在手术中的舒适度、在手术前的焦虑程度、生命体征以及对护理的满意度。结果：观察组患者对护理的满意度比对照组患者高。两组患者进入手术室后时血压都有所升高，但对照组患者血压升高的情况更为明显。两组患者并发症的发生率没有明显差异，不具有统计学意义。结论：舒适护理模式在手术室护理工作中具有良好的应用效果。     

舒适护理在外科手术患者护理中的应用

目的：探讨舒适护理在外科手术患者护理中的应用体会。方法：将230例患者随机分为舒适护理组和常规护理组，比较两组患者的心理状态和满意度。结果：舒适护理组患者的满意度和心理状态均优于常规护理组。结论：舒适护理在提高外科护理质量中具有重要作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.