Combined radial optic neurotomy, internal limiting membrane peeling, and intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for central retinal vein occlusion.

To evaluate the efficacy of radial optic neurotomy, internal limiting membrane peeling, and intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for central retinal vein occlusion. Eight consecutive eyes with central retinal vein occlusion with a duration of less than 6 months, cystoid macular edema, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of less than 20/200 were enrolled. BCVA, intraocular pressure, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography were evaluated. After 4.75 +/- 0.7 months, BCVA significantly improved, intraocular pressure was well controlled, and fluorescein angiography showed perfused state and reduction of the number of retinal hemorrhages in all eyes. Optical coherence tomography revealed significant reduction of macular thickness. Bleeding in the neurotomy site occurred in 3 cases. Radial optic neurotomy, internal limiting membrane peeling, and intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide may be useful in the management of central retinal vein occlusion with macular edema.     

Safety and efficacy of intraoperative intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide injection after phacoemulsification in cases of uveitic cataract

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a single intraoperative intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide after phacoemulsification in patients with chronic idiopathic anterior uveitis or intermediate uveitis. SETTING: Dr. R.P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. METHODS: This prospective randomized controlled study included 40 eyes (40 patients) with chronic idiopathic anterior uveitis or intermediate uveitis that had phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Twenty eyes received an intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (4 mg/0.1 mL) intraoperatively (triamcinolone acetonide group), and 20 received oral steroids (steroid group) postoperatively. Outcome measures were Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anterior chamber reaction, intraocular pressure (IOP) by applanation tonometry, and central macular thickness by optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: The mean BCVA (decimal) improved from a baseline of 0.13 +/- 0.14 to 0.64 +/- 0.32 in the triamcinolone acetonide group and from 0.05 +/- 0.06 to 0.61 +/- 0.36 in the steroid group (P = .74). There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in postoperative anterior chamber reaction, IOP, or central macular thickness. Four patients in the triamcinolone acetonide group and 5 in the steroid group had recurrence of uveitis; 5 patients in the triamcinolone acetonide group had ocular hypertension. One patient in the triamcinolone acetonide group and 3 in the steroid group had cystoid macular edema postoperatively. CONCLUSION: A single intraoperative intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide seemed to be a safe and efficacious route of steroid delivery during phacoemulsification in patients with chronic idiopathic anterior uveitis or intermediate uveitis and is recommended as a substitute for postoperative oral steroid administration.     

Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in eyes with cystoid macular edema associated with central retinal vein occlusion

PURPOSE: To evaluate treatment of cystoid macular edema associated with central retinal vein occlusion with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide. METHODS: This study included 10 eyes of nine patients with perfused central retinal vein occlusion with visual acuity of 20/50 or worse. Following baseline evaluation, including best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), fluorescein angiography, and volumetric optical coherence tomography (VOCT), triamcinolone acetonide (4 mg in 0.1 ml) was injected into the vitreous cavity. RESULTS: Mean duration from the time of diagnosis to the intravitreal injection was 15.4 months. All 10 eyes demonstrated biomicroscopic improvement in cystoid macular edema with corresponding improvement in VOCT measurements from a mean of 4.2 mm(3) preinjection to a mean of 2.6 mm(3) at last follow-up (P <.001). Mean best-corrected visual acuity improved from 58 letters (range, 37-72) at baseline to 78 letters (range, 50-100 letters) at last follow-up (average, 4.8 months). The visual acuity improvement was statistically significant (P =.01). Six eyes (60%) were > or =20/50. There were no significant complications. Three eyes (30%) without previous history of glaucoma required initiation of topical aqueous suppressant therapy for IOP elevation at last follow-up. One eye with a previous history of open-angle glaucoma required a trabeculectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide appears to be effective in reducing cystoid macular edema associated with central retinal vein occlusion. This reduction often corresponded to an improvement in visual acuity. Further evaluation is warranted to assess its safety and efficacy in these eyes.     

不同疗法治疗视网膜静脉阻塞所致黄斑水肿的疗效评价

目的:比较普通治疗和玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德(TA)治疗视网膜静脉阻塞所致黄斑水肿的疗效。方法:经眼科常规检查,眼底荧光造影(FFA)和光学相干断层扫描(OCT)确诊的视网膜静脉阻塞所致黄斑水肿共75例,患者被分成普通治疗组(血塞通、葛根素静点2wk+山莨蓉碱、地塞米松球后注射1wk+出院后口服活血化瘀类药物12wk)和玻璃体腔注射TA组(血栓通、葛通素静点2wk+抗生素滴眼液滴眼3d+玻璃腔注射TA+出院后口服活血化瘀药物12wk)。普通治疗组31例,玻璃体腔注射TA组44例,两组在术前年龄,病程,眼压,最佳矫正视力(BCVA),中心视网膜厚度(CMT)方面无统计学差异,比较治疗后4,12wk眼压,BCVA,CMT,的改变。结果:普通治疗组和玻璃体腔注射TA组在治疗后12wk均改善中心视网膜厚度,玻璃体腔注射TA组较普通治疗组效果显著。4,12wk均能改善视力,组间无显著差别。玻璃体腔注射TA组术后4wk眼压升高(>5mmHg),组间显著差异,12wk眼压回落,组间无显著差异。结论:普通治疗组和玻璃体腔注射TA组均能明显减轻视网膜静脉阻塞所致黄斑水肿,改善视力,但是术后眼压升高值得注意。     

Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide for cystoid macular edema resistant to vitreous surgery

PURPOSE: To report the efficacy of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide(TA) for cystoid macular edema remaining after vitreous surgery. METHODS: Eight eyes of 7 patients aged from 32 to 84 years old were studied. The original diseases that caused macular edema were central retinal vein occlusion in 2 eyes, branch retinal vein occlusion in one eye, Irvine-Gass syndrome in 2 eyes, and diabetic retinopathy in 3 eyes. 4 mg of TA was injected intravitreally and visual acuity and foveal thickness measured by optical coherence tomography(OCT) were evaluated in before and after the surgery. RESULTS: Macular edema resolved rapidly after injection of TA in all cases and cysts were extinguished or diminished. The foveal thickness in OCT was reduced significantly from preoperative 495 +/- 116 (mean +/- standard deviation) microns to 267 +/- 117 microns after one week, and 246 +/- 81 microns after one month. The effect persisted for three months. Visual improvement of more than two Snellen lines was seen in 4 eyes. No side effects were observed except a temporary increase of intraocular pressure in one eye. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of TA is effective in a short-term for cystoid macular edema remaining after vitrectomy.     

Intraocular triamcinolone acetonide for macular edema due to CRVO. A multifocal-ERG and OCT study

Purpose To investigate the effectiveness of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of cystoid macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). A noncomparative, prospective, interventional case series. Methods In this study 15 eyes of 15 patients (9 males and 6 females) with macular edema due to non-ischemic CRVO were treated with intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide and followed-up for 1 year. Examination included measurement of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for distance, measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP), fluorescein angiography, foveal retinal thickness measurement by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and multifocal electroretinography recordings (MFERG) preoperatively 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Results The visual acuity increased to a significant degree at 3 months, to a smaller degree at 6 months but at 12 months there was no significant improvement. The OCT macula thickness improved to a significant level all the follow-up period but with less significance at 12 months. The MFERG recordings from the fovea showed significant improvement at 3 and 6 months. The MFERG from the parafovea area showed significant improvement at 3 and 6 and to a smaller degree at 12 months. The intraocular pressure increased at 3 and 6 months but returned to pretreatment level at 12 months. Conclusion Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide leads to a significant improvement of mean VA in patients with macular edema due to CRVO. However, this significant effect is not permanent and persists for a maximum of 3–6 months. Thereafter all the indexes tend to deteriorate.     

Arteriovenous sheathotomy for persistent macular edema in branch retinal vein occlusion

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of arteriovenous (AV) sheathotomy with internal limiting membrane peeling for persistent or recurrent macular edema after intravitreal triamcinolone injection and/or laser photocoagulation in branch retinal vein occlusion. METHODS: Twenty-two eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) with recurrent macular edema underwent vitrectomy with AV sheathotomy and internal limiting membrane peeling. All eyes had previous intravitreal triamcinolone injection and/or laser photocoagulation for macular edema. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and after surgery were compared. RESULTS: The mean preoperative BCVA (log MAR) were 0.79 +/- 0.29 and postoperative BCVA (log MAR) at 3 months was 0.57 +/- 0.33. And improvement of visual acuity > or = 2 lines was observed in 10 eyes (45%). The mean preoperative fovea thickness measured by OCT was 595.22 +/- 76.83 microm (510-737 microm) and postoperative fovea thickness was 217.60 +/- 47.33 microm (164-285 microm). CONCLUSIONS: Vitrectomy with AV sheathotomy can be one treatment option for the patients with recurrent macular edema in BRVO.     

Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in refractory pseudophakic cystoid macular edema: functional and anatomic results

PURPOSE: To evaluate safety and efficacy of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (TAAC) injections in the treatment of refractory pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (CME). METHODS: Seven eyes of six patients (age range: 50-74) with pseudophakic CME resistant to standard treatment received intravitreal injections of 4 mg of TAAC with all vehicle. Mean preinjection duration of CME was 18.3 months. A mean of 2.1+/-1.2 (range 1 to 4) treatments were performed in four eyes (57.1 %) when visual acuity deteriorated towards baseline levels. Visual acuity assessment, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein angiography (FFA) were performed pre- and postoperatively to evaluate results of TAAC injections. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and complications related to treatment were assessed. RESULTS: After 11.1+/-3.9 months, mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increased (p =0.019) from 20/132 to a best value of 20/38. Mean macular thickness decreased from 517.29+/-146.98 mm to a best value of 263.71+/-83.13 mm (p=0.0018). Area of fluorescein leakage decreased (p<0.0001) from 11.84+/-0.93 mm2 at baseline to a minimal value of 3.86+/-0.98 mm2. The anatomic and functional improvement appeared after 1 month from the intravitreal injection and persisted through at least 3 months of follow-up. At the end of follow-up BCVA, macular thickness, and area of fluorescein leakage did not differ from baseline. Four eyes (57.1 %) developed IOP values higher than 21 mmHg, controlled by topical treatment. Two patients developed an endophthalmitis-like reaction. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal TAAC was relatively safe and effective in resistant cases of pseudophakic CME with a temporary beneficial effect on visual acuity and macular edema.     

低剂量曲安奈德玻璃体注射联合格栅状光凝治疗弥漫性糖尿病黄斑水肿的临床研究

目的探讨玻璃体注射低剂量曲安奈德（TA）联合光凝治疗弥漫性糖尿病黄斑水肿的短期疗效及安全性。方法玻璃体单次注射TA 2 mg/0.1 mL治疗非增生性弥漫性DME 21例（25只眼）。基线检查包括最佳矫正视力、眼压、荧光素眼底血管造影（FFA）和相干光断层扫描（OCT）测量黄斑中心厚度。术后1 d、1周、1个月、3个月、6个月检查矫正视力、眼压、黄斑中心厚度及并发症的发生情况。结果治疗后1周与术前相比,患者视力有显著提高（P=0.003）;治疗后1个月与治疗后1周相比,视力无显著差异（P=0.392）;治疗后3个月与治疗后1个月相比,视力没有显著差异（P=0.763）;治疗后6个月与术前相比,视力没有显著差异（P=0.169）,与治疗后3个月相比,视力显著下降（P=0.004）。治疗后1 d黄斑区神经上皮层厚度与术前相比,显著降低（P=0.000）;治疗后1个月与治疗后1周相比,显著降低（P=0.000）;治疗后3个月与治疗后1个月相比,没有显著差异（P=0.392）;治疗后6个月与术前相比,黄斑区神经上皮层厚度显著降低（P=0.000）,与治疗后3个月相比,显著升高（P=0.004）。治疗后6个月随访眼压平均值均处于正常水平,所有患者均未出现出现无菌性眼炎、感染性眼内炎、玻璃体出血及视网膜脱离等并发症。1例（1只眼）发生白内障进展。结论低剂量TA玻璃、体注射治疗DME并发症少,是短期控制黄斑水肿、提高视力的一个比较有效安全的治疗方法。     

玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德与贝伐单抗治疗白内障术后黄斑水肿的疗效

目的：：评价曲安奈德和贝伐单抗玻璃体腔注射治疗白内障术后黄斑水肿的疗效,为临床安全有效用药提供参考。方法：选择2012-03/2014-03在我院眼科确诊为黄斑水肿的患者92例92眼为研究对象,按照玻璃体腔注射用药不同,分为曲安奈德组44例44眼和贝伐单抗组48例48眼,术后随访9mo,比较两组患者在不同时间点的最佳矫正视力、黄斑中央视网膜平均厚度和眼内压情况。结果：术后随访9mo,两组患者术后的最佳矫正视力均比术前提高,但组间无统计学意义(P>0.05);经重复测量方差分析,两组患者的黄斑中央视网膜厚度无统计学意义(P>0.05)。曲安奈德组术后各时间点与术前的黄斑中央视网膜厚度差异具有统计学意义( t=9.16,8.27,5.44,5.87,4.62,P<0.05),贝伐单抗组术后各时间点的斑中央视网膜厚度均比术前降低,具有统计学意义( t=8.11,5.12,4.16,3.27,2.88,P<0.05);曲安奈德组有7例患者发生眼压升高,并发为青光眼,贝伐单抗组患者未见眼压异常。结论：曲安奈德和贝伐单抗均可提高黄斑水肿患者的矫正视力,改善毛细血管的渗漏情况,但贝伐单抗不会引起眼压升高,能避免其他并发症的发生,安全性更高。     

玻切内界膜撕除联合玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德治疗顽固性黄斑水肿疗效观察

目的 评价玻切(玻璃体切割)内界膜撕除联合玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德治疗顽固性黄斑水肿的疗效.方法 取18例(22只眼)继发于糖尿病视网膜病变的顽固性黄斑水肿患者行玻切、内界膜撕除联合玻璃体腔内曲安奈德注射治疗,术后随访9～12月,比较患者术前、术后视力改善及黄斑水肿消退情况.结果 术后患眼视力和黄斑水肿均明显改善,经治疗的22只眼中15只眼(68.19%)视力提高2行或2行以上,7只眼(31.81%)视力不变;术后9个月时,最佳矫正视力从术前的0.07±0.05增加到0.14±0.06(t=5.26,P=0.000).OCT结果显示:黄斑水肿明显消退者有20只眼,占90.91%,2只眼水肿消退不明显,占9.09%.黄斑中心凹厚度从术前的(554.18±140.14)μm降至(291.45±95.38)μm(t=7.23,P =0.000).其中有6只患眼的黄斑中心凹厚度恢复至正常水平.结论 玻切、内界膜撕除联合玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德治疗顽固性黄斑水肿安全、有效.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the effect of pars plana vitrectomy with removal of the internal limiting membrane addition to intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection in eyes with refractory macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy.Methods Eighteen patients (22 eyes) with refractory macular edema which was secondary to diabetic retinopathy underwent pars plana vitrectomy with removal of the internal limiting membrane addition to intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection, Followed-up for 9-12 months.Preoperative and postoperative changes in macular edema and visual acuity were compared.Results The visual acuity and macular edema were significantly improved after treatment.Visual acuity improved by two or more lines in 15 eyes (68.19%) and remained stable in 7 eyes (31.81%).The mean preoperative visual acuity was 0.07± 0.05.The visual acuity improved to 0.14± 0.06 (t=5.26, P =0.000).OCT showed that macular edema had weakened significantly in 20 eyes (90.91%), remained stable in 2 eyes (9.09%).Central macular thickness was 554.18+/-140.14μ m at baseline and 291.45+/-95.38μ m at 12-month follow-up, showed that macular edema decreased obviously (t =7.23, P =0.000).Addition to that, central macular thickness in 6 eyes returned to normal levels.Conclusions Pars plana vitrectomy with removal of the internal limiting membrane addition to intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection for refractory macular edema is safe and effective.     

Improved visual acuity and macular thickness 1 week after intravitreal triamcinolone for diabetic macular oedema

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical and volumetric improvement 1 week after an injection of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in eyes with diabetic macular oedema. METHODS: Seven phakic eyes of seven diabetic patients diagnosed with clinically significant macular oedema were treated with a single 4-mg intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (0.1 ml). LogMAR best corrected visual acuity (logMAR BCVA), best corrected reading ability (RA), and central macular thickness (CMT) with optical coherence tomography (OCT) were assessed prior and 1 week subsequent to treatment. RESULTS: Mean improvement in logMAR BCVA was 0.146 (P=0.03). Mean reduction in CMT was 150.9 mum (P=0.02, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Mean improvement in RA was 3 lines. CONCLUSION: Reduction in macular oedema was demonstrated on OCT at 1 week, in most cases associated with improvement in central visual function, in particular, reading ability. Total resolution of diabetic macular oedema may occur at 1 week following intravitreal steroid injection.     

Intravitreal versus posterior subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide for diabetic macular edema

PURPOSE: To compare the short-term effects of intravitreal versus posterior subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide for diabetic macular edema. METHODS: This is a prospective and interventional study. Sixty eyes of 60 patients who had diffuse diabetic macular edema were assigned to receive a single intravitreal injection (4 mg) or a single posterior subtenon injection (40 mg) of triamcinolone acetonide. The central retinal thickness was measured using optical coherent tomography before injection and at 1 and 3 months after injection. Visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP) were also measured. RESULTS: Both intravitreal and posterior subtenon injections of triamcinolone acetonide resulted in significant improvements in visual acuity at 1 month and 3 months after injection. Both groups resulted in a significant decrease in central macular thickness (CMT) at 1 month and 3 months post-injection. IOP in the intravitreal injection group was significantly higher than in the posterior subtenon injection group at 3 months after injection. CONCLUSIONS: The posterior subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide had a comparable effect to the intravitreal triamcinolone injection and showed a lower risk of elevated IOP. Posterior subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide may be a good alternative for the treatment of diffuse diabetic macular edema.     

Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for diffuse diabetic macular oedema: 6-month results of a prospective controlled trial

PURPOSE: To evaluate prospectively the efficacy and safety of one intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide for refractory diffuse diabetic macular edema. METHODS: Seventeen patients with bilateral diabetic macular edema unresponsive to laser photocoagulation. In all patients, one eye was injected, and the other served as a control. The intervention consisted in intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide. The main outcome measure was central macular thickness (CMT) at 4, 12 and 24 weeks, measured by Optical Coherence Tomography. Secondary outcomes were Early Treatment Diabetic Rentinopathy Study (ETDRS) scores, intraocular pressure and cataract PROGRESSION. RESULTS: Before injection, mean +/- SD CMT was 566.4 +/- 182.4 mum in injected eyes. Four, 12, and 24 weeks after injection, it was 228.4 +/- 47.5 mum, 210.9 +/- 87.2 mum and 358.5 +/- 160.5 mum respectively. CMT was significantly lower in injected eyes vs. control eyes except 24 weeks after injection because of a recurrence of macular edema in 9/17 injected eyes. Mean +/- SD gain in ETDRS score was significantly better in injected eyes vs. control eyes 4, 12 and 24 weeks after TA injection. In 9 of the 17 injected eyes, intraocular pressure exceeded 24 mmHg and was controlled by topical medication. CONCLUSION: In the short-term, intravitreal injection of triamcinolone effectively reduces macular thickening due to diffuse diabetic macular edema and improves visual acuity in most cases. The long-term effect of this treatment and predictive factors of visual recovery remain to be elucidated.     

Prospective evaluation of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection in macular edema associated with retinal vascular disorders

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide on visual acuity and macular thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in macular edema associated with various retinal vascular disorders. METHODS: This prospective nonrandomized clinical interventional study included 81 eyes (76 patients) comprised of Group I, 57 eyes (51 patients) with diabetic macular edema; Group II, 10 eyes (10 patients) with branch retinal vein occlusion; and Group III, 13 eyes (13 patients) with central retinal vein occlusion. All eyes received an intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide (with the solvent) in the operation theater under sterile conditions. RESULTS: Mean preinjection central macular thickness was 531.84+/-132 microm in Group I, 458.4+/-149 microm in Group II, and 750.81+/-148 microm in Group III. All groups showed a statistically significant decrease in mean central macular thickness at 1 month (300.7+/-119 microm in Group I, 218.2+/-99 microm in Group II, and 210.5 +/-56 microm in Group III) and 3 months (253.19+/-109 microm in Group I, 187+/-47 microm in Group II, and 182+/-50 microm in Group III) after injection (p < 0.05). Mean follow-up was 22+/-2.4 weeks. Mean visual acuity increased in all three groups (preoperative visual acuity in Group I, 1.2+/-0.4 logMAR units; Group II, 1.24+/-0.5 logMAR units; Group III, 1.1+/-0.4 logMAR units; 1 month postinjection in Group I, 0.88+/-0.3 logMAR units; Group II, 0.67+/-0.3 logMAR units; Group III, 0.86+/-0.4 logMAR units; 3 months postinjection in Group I, 0.84+/-0.4 logMAR units; Group II, 0.59+/-0.3 logMAR units; Group III, 0.82+/-0.5 logMAR units) (p < 0.05). Forty-one eyes completed 6 months and 20 eyes completed 9 months follow-up. Twelve of 20 (41%) eyes in Group I, 2/6 (33%) eyes in Group II, 3/6 (50%) eyes in Group III, and 8/15 (53%) eyes in Group I, 1/3 (33%) eyes in Group II, and 2/2 (100%) eyes in Group III developed recurrence of macular edema with worsening of visual acuity at 6 and 9 months, respectively. Thirty-three (40.7%) eyes developed IOP elevation (at least one reading > 24 mmHg). One eye developed infective endophthalmitis. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide may be considered as an effective treatment for reducing macular thickening due to diffuse diabetic macular edema, venous occlusion associated macular edema, and may result in increase in visual acuity at least in the short term. Further follow-up and analysis is required to demonstrate its long-term efficacy.     

Intraocular triamcinolone acetonide for pseudophakic cystoid macular edema: optical coherence tomography and multifocal electroretinography study

PURPOSE: To evaluate pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (CME) by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multifocal electroretinography (mf-ERG) and determine the efficacy of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injections. METHODS: In this nonrandomized retrospective study, 14 eyes of 14 patients with persistent pseudophakic CME were treated with triamcinolone acetonide injection and were followed up for 1 year. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination including determination of best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, tonometry, and funduscopy. Results of OCT and mf-ERG were also recorded before and after the injection. RESULTS: Visual acuity and mf-ERG values increased in all patients after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injections. OCT showed improvement of the retinal thickness in the macular area. Temporary increase of intraocular pressure was controlled with topical use of antiglaucoma drops. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection is a promising therapeutic tool for chronic pseudophakic edema resistant to other medical treatment. However, further study is needed to assess the treatment's long-term efficacy, its safety, and the need for retreatment.     

Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab alone or with triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of macular edema caused by central retinal vein occlusion

AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of intravitreal bevacizumab alone versus bevacizumab combined with triamcinolone acetonide in eyes with macular edema caused by central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in Chinese patients. METHODS: Seventy-five eyes of 75 patients were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, consecutive study. Thirty-six patients in group 1 were treated with an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (1.25mg/0.05mL), and 39 patients in group 2 were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25mg/0.05mL) combined with triamcinolone acetonide (2mg/0.05mL). The main outcomes of the mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured. RESULTS: In group 1, the mean BCVA improved from 37.78±6.14 (baseline) to 48.06±3.86, 46.48±4.77 and 44.18±5.78 at four, six and twelve weeks post-injection, respectively (P<0.01, P=0.03, P=0.04). In group 2, the mean BCVA improved from 35.92±6.20 (baseline) to 50.69±4.22, 48.76±5.59 and 45.70±6.56 at the same time points (P<0.01 each). However, there was no significant differences in the mean BCVA (F=0.043, P=0.836) and CRT (F=0.374, P=0.544) between these two groups. During the follow-up, five patients in group 1 and six patients in group 2 with high IOP were controlled with anti-glaucoma drugs. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab alone or combined with triamcinolone acetonide has a short beneficial effect in Chinese patients with macular edema caused by CRVO, but there is no significant difference between the two groups.     

Comparison Between Intravitreal Bevacizumab and Triamcinolone for Macular Edema Secondary to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

Purpose

To compare the effects of intravitreal bevacizumab to those of triamcinolone acetonide injection for the treatment of macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion.

Methods

This retrospective study included 50 eyes of 50 patients who received a single injection of intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 mL, 22 eyes) or triamcinolone acetonide (4 mg/0.1 mL, 28 eyes) as the only treatment for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion; all patients had a post-injection follow-up duration of >24 weeks. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and central macular thickness (CMT) by optical coherence tomography were measured for up to 24 weeks after injection.

Results

BCVA was improved at 1, 4, 8,12 weeks post-injection in the bevacizumab group, and at 1, 4, 8 weeks post-injection in the triamcinolone group. No significant difference was found between the two groups except at 12 weeks. CMT decreased significantly within each group, and no significant difference between groups was found. In the bevacizumab group, no elevated IOP was observed, whereas IOP was significantly increased at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after triamcinolone injection; IOP was therefore significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusions

Intravitreal bevacizumab is a comparatively simple treatment method that can effectively improve BCVA and reduce CMT without ocular and systemic complications. Consequently, intravitreal bevacizumab injections may be useful as both an alternative and primary treatment for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion.     

玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗视网膜静脉阻塞黄斑水肿

目的:评价玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗视网膜静脉阻塞合并黄斑水肿的疗效及并发症。方法:患者30例30眼玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德4mg治疗视网膜静脉阻塞合并黄斑水肿,观察治疗前、后的最佳矫正视力、眼压、裂隙灯显微镜检查、眼底荧光血管造影和光学相干断层扫描的变化,采用SPSS 12.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:所有患者手术后视力均显著提高,平均黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)显著减少。病程、年龄、注射前CMT及视网膜静脉阻塞的类型和视力预后无相关性,注射前视力与注射后末次视力呈正相关。结论:玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗视网膜静脉阻塞合并黄斑水肿简单、安全、易操作,短期内可以迅速减轻黄斑水肿,最终的视力预后取决于治疗前的视力,部分患者在注射后3 ～6mo可能复发。     

曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射治疗白内障术后慢性黄斑囊样水肿

目的观察曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射治疗白内障术后慢性黄斑囊样水肿的临床疗效。方法对38例38眼白内障术后发生慢性黄斑囊样水肿的患者,行曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射进行治疗,观察注射后1周、1月、2月、3月患者视力及黄斑中心视网膜厚度的变化及并发症。结果曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射后,所有患者最佳矫正视力均有不同程度提高,相应的黄斑中心视网膜厚度逐渐变薄,注射后并发症包括球结膜下出血、眼压升高及黄斑囊样水肿复发。结论曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射对白内障术后慢性黄斑囊样水肿是一种安全、有效的治疗方法,但黄斑囊样水肿复发的原因及再次治疗时机有待进一步观察。