Studies on the synthesis of sesquiterpene lactones, 14. Syntheses of (-)-arbusclin D and (+)-4-EPI-arbusclin D: the stereochemical assignment of arbusclin D.

Efficient syntheses of (-)-arbusclin D and (+)-4-epi-arbusclin D are reported. By these syntheses the C-4 stereochemistry of arbusclin D and the absolute configuration of (-)-arbusclin D have been determined to be a s shown in structure 1. The biological activities, such as cytotoxic activity toward P-388 lymphocytic leukemia, plant growth regulating activity, and antimicrobial activity of compounds 1, 3, 7, 9, 12, and 14 were also studied.     

斑鸠菊属的倍半萜内酯类及甾体皂苷类化学成分及药理活性研究进展

介绍菊科斑鸠菊属Vernonia倍半萜内酯类及甾体皂苷类化学成分及其药理活性研究进展。对近年来有代表性的文献进行分析归纳。为促进对本属植物的综合开发和利用,有必要深入研究该属植物的化学成分,建立完善的质量标准。     

(+)-4 beta-hydroxyhernandulcin, a new sweet sesquiterpene from the leaves and flowers of Lippia dulcis.

From the leaves and flowers of Lippia dulcis collected in Panama, a new sweet sesquiterpene identified as (+)-4 beta-hydroxyhernandulcin [2] was isolated, accompanied by (+)-hernandulcin [1], (-)-epihernandulcin [3] (a novel natural product), and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one [4]. Acteoside (verbascoside) [5], a known bitter phenylpropanoid glycoside, was isolated from the flowers of L. dulcis. The structure of (+)-4 beta-hydroxyhernandulcin was established by interpretation of its spectral data.     

缬草属植物的化学成分及生物活性研究概况

结合国内外文献综述了缬草属植物化学成分的研究进展,并对该属药用植物的药理活性进行了总结。缬草属植物除含有一定的挥发油外,化学成分主要集中于单萜类、倍半萜类、木脂素类、黄酮类、生物碱类等。其中单萜类成分主要以环烯醚萜类化合物为主,根据其结构是否裂环分为环戊烷环环烯醚萜和裂环环烯醚萜。药理研究表明该属植物具镇静、解痉、抗抑郁、抗肿瘤、抗A1阿糖腺苷受体性和细胞毒性,并对心血管有一定作用。鉴于目前缺少对缬草属研究的系统回顾和综述,该文对近年来发表的缬草属研究文献进行整理和分析,为其进一步开发利用提供依据。     

氟哌啶醇季铵盐衍生物的合成及其扩血管活性

 目的合成氟哌啶醇季铵盐衍生物及其还原物并研究它们的扩血管活性。方法以氟哌啶醇、氟哌啶醇经四氢硼钠还原后得到的氢化氟哌啶醇为反应物,分别与取代氯苄回流下反应得到相应的氟哌啶醇季铵盐衍生物和氢化氟哌啶醇季铵盐衍生物;所有目的化合物结构均经IR,¹H-NMR,MS和元素分析确证,并测定其对KCI诱导鼠、兔胸主动脉条收缩的抑制作用。结果合成了2个系列11个新化合物(ⅠF_8～13,ⅡFB_8～11和FB₁₃)。初步生物活性实验表明,多数化合物具有不同程度的扩张血管作用,其中化合物F₁₁的血管收缩抑制活性最强。结论F₁₁扩张血管活性明显强于先导化合物,初步构效关系表明,N-取代苄基氟哌啶醇季铵盐衍生物中苄基苯环上取代基的电性效应和取代位置可能为影响扩血管活性的重要因素。氟哌啶醇母体上羰基被还原为羟基一般对其扩血管活性影响不大。     

Studies on the biological activities of rare phenylpropanoids of the genus Pimpinella.

Several rare phenylpropanoids of the genus Pimpinella were tested for biological activity. Compounds with epoxy groups have a negative effect on the growth of plants, and they also show insecticidal and acaricidal activities.     

4-色酮类和4-色满酮类化合物生物活性研究概况

 目的　综述4-色酮类和 4-色满酮类化合物生物活性的研究概况。方法　以国内外有代表性的论文为依据 ,进行分析、整理和归纳。结果与结论 4-色酮类和4-色满酮类化合物具有抗炎和抗变态反应、抗血小板聚集、抗癌和抗精神病等生物活性 ,随着人们对这两类化合物研究的深入 ,将会有更多的有关新药被开发。     

毛兰素的提取分离、化学合成和生物活性的研究进展

毛兰素是石斛中最重要的天然产物之一.从化学结构上看,毛兰素含有2个多酚醚和酚羟基苯环,这2个苯环通过2个饱和的碳原子连接.以往的研究表明毛兰素具有多种药理作用,包括抗氧化、抑制血管生成和抑制肿瘤生长等.其抗肿瘤作用是综合对多种信号途径调控的结果,这些信号途径大部分与诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡(内源性或外源性)相关.此外毛兰素还可...     

抗肿瘤氟喹诺酮C-3(稠)杂环化合物双NFDE6二唑甲硫醚及其碘甲烷盐衍生物的合成(Ⅰ)

目的 寻找由抗菌氟喹诺酮向抗肿瘤氟喹诺酮转化的有效结构修饰途径。方法 以抗菌氟喹诺酮药物氧氟沙星1为原料,其相应的酰肼2与二硫化碳缩环合得C-3NFDE6二唑硫醇3中间体,然后分别与5-取代苯基-2-氯甲基-1,3,4-NFDE6二唑4a~4g缩合得含氟喹诺酮骨架的双NFDE6二唑甲硫醚5a~5g,接着用碘甲烷进行季铵化反应得相应的季铵盐6a~6g。用MTT方法评价了目标化合物5a~5g和6a~6g体外对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制活性。结果 合成了14个新的目标化合物,体外均显示潜在的抗癌活性（IC₅₀＜25 μmol·L）,其中季铵盐6a~6g的活性高于相应游离碱5a~5g的活性。结论 基于抗菌氟喹诺酮C-3杂环的抗肿瘤氟喹诺酮的设计值得进一步研究。     

4-Methylthio-butanyl derivatives from the seeds of Raphanus sativus and their biological evaluation on anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Raphanus sativus seeds (Brassicaceae) known as Raphani Semen have long been used as anti-cancer and/or anti-inflammatory agents in Korean traditional medicine. This study was designed to isolate the bioactive constituents from the seed extracts of Raphanus sativus and evaluate their anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities.

Material and methods

Bioassay-guided fractionation and chemical investigation of a methanolic extract of the seeds of Raphanus sativus led to the isolation and identification of seven 4-methylthio-butanyl derivatives. Structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was carried out using 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy techniques (¹H, ¹³C, COSY, HMQC and HMBC experiments) and mass spectrometry.

Results

The isolated compounds were characterized as in the following: three new 4-methylthio-butanyl derivatives, sinapoyl desulfoglucoraphenin (1), (E)-5-(methylsulfinyl)pent-4-enoxylimidic acid methyl ester (2), and (S)-5-((methylsulfinyl)methyl)pyrrolidine-2-thione (3), together with four known compounds, 5-(methylsulfinyl)-4-pentenenitrile (4), 5-(methylsulfinyl)-pentanenitrile (5), sulforaphene (6), and sulforaphane (7). Full NMR data assignments of the three known compounds 4–6 were also reported for the first time. We evaluated the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of 1–7 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine microglia BV2 cells. Compound 1 significantly inhibited nitrite oxide production with IC₅₀ values of 45.36 μM. Moreover, it also reduced the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. All isolates were also evaluated for their antiproliferative activities against four human tumor cell lines (A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, and HCT-15), and all of them showed antiproliferative activity against the HCT-15 cell, with IC₅₀ values of 8.49–23.97 μM.

Conclusions

4-Methylthio-butanyl derivatives were one of the main compositions of Raphanus sativus seeds, and activities demonstrated by the isolated compounds support the ethnopharmacological use of Raphanus sativus seeds (Brassicaceae) as anti-cancer and/or anti-inflammatory agents.     

Extraction, hemisynthesis, and synthesis of canthin-6-one analogues. Evaluation of their antifungal activities

Zanthoxylum chiloperone var. angustifolium was investigated. Alkaloids 1-3 from the canthin-6-one series were characterized. Derivatives 7-28 were prepared by hemisynthesis or total synthesis. All compounds were tested for in vitro antifungal activities against five pathogenic fungal strains. Analogues of canthin-6-one did not show better antifungal activities.     

美丽芍药根中黄酮类成分及其生物活性

目的 研究美丽芍药PaeoniamaireiLevl.中黄酮类成分及其生物活性.方法 美丽芍药根70％乙醇提取物的分析采用D101、硅胶、Rp-18、Sephadex LH-20进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构.HEK293模型测试其体外激动褪黑素受体1活性.结果 从中分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴...     

4-甲基香豆素衍生物的合成研究

 目的:对天然具抗人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)活性的香豆素calanolides,进行结构简化和改造,寻找具有抗艾滋病毒活性的香豆素?方法:以Pechmann缩合法合成4-甲基香豆素,并以它为母核进行结构修饰?结果:对7-羟基-(5,7二羟基)4-甲基香豆素衍生物进行了合成?结论:完成了对calanolides的局部简化及结构改造?     

水飞蓟宾及其衍生物生物活性及作用机制的研究进展

水飞蓟宾从水飞蓟Silybum marianum的种子中提取分离得到,属于黄酮木脂素类化合物,临床上常用于治疗急、慢性肝炎或肝功能异常的恢复.近年来研究发现水飞蓟宾具有抗肿瘤和抗代谢功能失调作用,通过调节活性氧水平实现对肿瘤的抑制作用,对糖尿病的治疗作用主要是通过保护靶器官和提高胰高血糖素样肽受体的表达实现的.对水飞蓟...     

鸢尾属植物中的黄酮类成分及其生物活性

鸢尾属的许多植物都具有悠久的药用历史,用于治疗癌症、炎症、细菌和病毒感染等多种疾病。该属植物中含有丰富的次生代谢产物,其中以黄酮类成分的数量最多且最为重要。现对近5年来从19种鸢尾属植物中分离得到的118种黄酮类化合物,包括18个全新化合物进行了归纳整理,并详尽阐述了它们的来源、结构特点、生物活性及其作用机制。     

Modified taxols, 4. Synthesis and biological activity of taxols modified in the side chain

A number of taxol derivatives substituted at the 2' position of the side chain have been prepared and their biological activities determined in KB cell culture and/or the P-388 in vivo assay. The 2'-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)taxol 5 is essentially inactive, indicating the need for a free hydroxyl group at the 2' position for activity. Epimerization of the 2' position occurred on treatment of 2'-acetyltaxol derivatives with 1,5-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, but treatment of 2'-(2,2,2-trichloroethyloxycarbonyl) taxol derivatives with DBU yielded the novel cyclization products 11 and 12 and, after deprotection at the 7 position, 13. The derivative 13 is also essentially inactive in the KB test system. Two taxols with increased H2O solubility were prepared, the 2'-(beta-alanyl) derivative 15 and the 2'-succinyl derivative 16. Although both these derivatives were active in vivo and in vitro, the former was too unstable and the latter not active enough to make suitable H2O-soluble derivatives of taxol.     

薰衣草残渣化学成分及其生物活性

目的研究薰衣草Lavandula angustifolia Mill.残渣的化学成分及其生物活性。方法薰衣草残渣的正丁醇部位采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS、半制备高效液相进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。检测抗氧化、降糖活性。结果从中分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为木樨草素-4′-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(1)、木樨草素-3′-O-β-D-(6″-甲基)-葡萄糖醛酸苷(2)、木樨草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(3)、木樨草素-7-O-β-(6″-甲基)-葡萄糖醛酸苷(4)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(5)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-(6″-甲基)-葡萄糖醛酸苷(6)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-(6″-乙基)-葡萄糖醛酸苷(7)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-(6″-丁基)-葡萄糖醛酸苷(8)、(7S, 8R)-二氢去氢二愈创木基醇葡萄糖苷(9)、木樨草素(10)。化合物1、3～4对DPPH表现出较强的抗氧化活性,化合物3、7～8对PTP1B表现出较好的抑制作用。结论化合物1、2、5、7～10为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物1、3、4、7～8有较强的生物活性。     

白桦酯酸及其衍生物的生物活性及作用机制研究进展

白桦酯酸是一种天然存在的五环戊烷型三萜类物质,通常是从白桦Betula platyphylla树皮中分离出来,在其他植物中也有发现,以游离糖苷和糖基衍生物的形式存在于不同植物中。通过对其化学结构的修饰可以得到多种多样的衍生物,研究表明白桦酯酸及其衍生物在抗肿瘤、抗病毒、消炎止痛、抑制脑神经及血管损伤和对其他常见疾病的治疗作用等方面具有积极的作用。综述了白桦酯酸及其衍生物的种类、生物活性及作用机制,以期为今后对其进一步的研究与应用提供理论参考。