固定平台全膝关节置换术后10年以上临床随访研究

 目的 总结固定平台全膝关节置换的长期临床疗效,分析随访10年以上患者的假体生存情况及相关影响因素。方法 1993年6月至2002年5月期间施行全膝关节置换手术285例,其中226例患者(246例膝)纳入研究,男47例,女179例;年龄(62.2±9.4)岁(32~78岁)。其中类风湿关节炎36例43膝,骨关节炎188例201膝。统计假体生存时间10年以上者的膝关节HSS评分、活动度及术后影像学改变,分析假体生存情况及影响假体生存的因素。结果 160例(177膝)随访10年以上,术后平均随访11.9年(10~18年),总的10年假体生存率为93.6%,15年假体生存率为92.8%。后十字韧带保留假体与后稳定型假体长期生存率的差异无统计学意义。髌骨置换与不置换、类风湿关节炎与骨关节炎患者假体生存率的差异无统计学意义。术前膝关节HSS评分平均为(56.58±11.05)分,末次随访为(92.29±10.95)分;术前膝关节活动度平均为84.8°±24.0°,末次随访为99.7°±17.6°,膝关节伸直迟滞由术前平均8.4°±9.1°改善为0.5°±2°。翻修手术15例,原因为感染10例、无菌松动3例、关节僵硬1例、髌骨原因1例。结论 固定平台全膝关节置换可获得满意的长期临床疗效,10年假体生存率可达90%以上。是否保留后十字韧带、是否行髌骨置换、类风湿关节炎与骨关节炎患者长期假体生存率的差异无统计学意义。     

全膝关节表面置换术治疗膝骨性关节炎

目的分析人工全膝表面置换治疗膝骨性关节炎的临床效果。方法对21例29膝的膝骨性关节炎病例行人工膝关节置换术,单膝关节置换13例,双膝关节置换8例,全部采用后方稳定性假体。结果随访6~47个月,平均22.6个月,采用HSS评分系统进行分析,优15例,良5例,可1例。患者术后在疼痛、功能方面都有明显改善。结论全膝关节表面置换术对治疗严重膝骨性关节炎效果满意。术中精确的截骨操作、正确的软组织松解及术后指导康复是手术治疗成功的关键。     

人工全膝表面关节置换治疗骨性膝关节炎47例

目的　分析总结人工全膝表面关节置换治疗骨性膝关节炎的临床效果及经验。方法　对 4 7例 5 3膝的骨性膝关节炎病例行人工膝关节置换术 ,单膝关节置换 4 1例 ,双膝关节置换 6例 1 2膝。应用后方稳定型假体 2 1例 2 5个膝关节 ,保留后交叉韧带型假体 2 6例 2 8个膝关节。结果　 39例 4 5个膝关节获 1年以上随访 ,采用HSS评分标准 ,膝关节评分从术前 35分提高到术后 89分 ,术后 4 0个膝关节活动度≥ 90°,4 2 / 4 5膝关节术后膝关节力线正常 ,3例残留 5°～ 7°内翻。结论　人工全膝表面关节置换治疗骨性膝关节炎可取得良好效果。术中精确的截骨操作与正确的软组织松解获得的软组织平衡是手术治疗成功的关键。     

固定平台与旋转平台假体全膝关节置换术后早期疗效的回顾性观察

目的回顾性观察PFC固定平台假体和RP旋转平台假体2种人工膝关节置换系统治疗成人膝关节骨性关节炎术后早期疗效。方法 54例(58膝)膝关节骨性关节炎行全膝关节置换术(TKA),其中固定平台组28例(30膝);旋转平台组26例(28膝)。结果所有患者均获3~54个月随访,术后切口愈合良好,均能直立行走。末次随访时固定平台组、旋转平台组膝关节评分(HSS)与膝关节活动度(ROM)分别为(87.20±8.12)、(86.34±6.39)分和(106.73±6.24)°、(107.12±4.58)°,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 PFC与RP假体系统全膝关节置换术是治疗成人晚期膝关节骨性关节炎的有效方法,早期假体生存率较满意,术后两者对膝关节功能改善差异无统计学意义。长期的假体生存率需要进一步研究观察。     

膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎单髁置换术后中长期随访结果分析

目的观察膝关节单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎的中长期临床效果,总结手术适应证并分析并发症发生的原因。方法回顾性分析自2008-01—2013-12于济南军区总医院行单髁置换术治疗的455例(533膝)膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎,假体均为Biomet OxfordⅢ代膝关节内侧单髁系统。比较术前及末次随访时膝关节活动度、股胫角、KSS临床评分、KSS功能评分、膝关节HSS评分。结果 455例均获得随访,随访时间平均75.3(48～120)个月。随访期间18膝(3.4%)聚乙烯衬垫脱位,6膝(1.1%)假体无菌性松动,10例(1.9%)胫骨平台下沉,6膝(1.1%)膝关节长期活动疼痛;术后25膝(4.7%)行翻修手术,假体生存率95.3%。末次随访时膝关节活动度为(126.3±10.9)°,股胫角为(177.5±14.7)°,KSS临床评分为(92.1±11.1)分,KSS功能评分为(89.6±9.0)分,膝关节HSS评分为(89.6±9.0)分,均较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论在严格掌握手术适应证的前提下,单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎可以获得良好的疗效,患者可获得长期稳定的膝关节功能,减缓了膝关节骨性关节炎的进展,但衬垫滑脱及胫骨平台下沉发生率仍较高,需要高度重视。     

单髁置换术治疗膝关节前内侧骨性关节炎的近期疗效

目的探讨单髁置换术治疗膝关节前内侧骨性关节炎的近期疗效。方法采用单髁置换术治疗20例膝关节前内侧骨性关节炎患者。记录手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、手术并发症以及术后6个月人工关节遗忘指数,比较术前及末次随访时膝关节活动度、疼痛VAS评分、HSS评分和WOMAC评分。结果患者均获得随访,时间6～42个月。切口愈合不良1例,下肢肌间静脉血栓2例,膝关节内侧痛1例,假体松动行翻修术1例。末次随访时,膝关节活动度及HSS评分较术前明显提高,而VAS评分和WOMAC评分则较术前明显下降,差异均有统计学差异(P 0.05)。术后6个月患者的人工关节遗忘指数为64.2±6.3。结论单髁置换术治疗膝关节前内侧骨性关节炎近期疗效满意。     

全膝关节置换术治疗膝骨性关节炎的临床效果

目的观察全膝关节置换术(TKA)对晚期膝骨性关节炎临床疗效和下肢力线的影响。方法对45例膝骨性关节炎患者(57膝)行TKA治疗,采用疼痛VAS评分、膝关节活动度(ROM)、KSS关节及功能评分对膝关节功能进行评价,采用SF-36评分对患者生活质量进行评价,摄双下肢全长片评估下肢力线。结果患者均获得随访,时间48～60(54±4)个月。1例术后5个月发生膝前痛,行股四头肌肌力锻炼后缓解。随访期间所有膝关节假体位置良好,未见骨溶解、假体松动或下沉。末次随访时,VAS评分、ROM、KSS关节及功能评分、SF-36评分、下肢力线与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 TKA是治疗晚期膝骨性关节炎的有效方法,可以缓解疼痛,纠正畸形,恢复下肢力线,改善关节功能,提高患者的生活质量。     

可旋转绞链膝假体二期翻修治疗人工膝关节置换术后感染

目的 总结采用可旋转绞链膝假体二期翻修方法 治疗人工膝关节置换(TKA)术后感染的体会.方法 对1999年10月～2003年10月收治的12例(14膝)TKA术后感染患者,采用一期清创加自制含抗生索骨水泥植入,可旋转绞链膝假体二期翻修方法 治疗.结果 全部病例获6～36个月随访,平均随访时间24个月.其中10例12膝治愈,1例再次行二期置换后治愈,1例因软组织条件太差致感染无法控制截肢.结论 对膝关节置换术后感染采用二期翻修方法 治疗,效果确切,采用可旋转绞链膝假体翻修术后膝关节功能恢复满意.     

固定衬垫式和活动衬垫式全膝人工关节置换术后随访4．5年以上的对比性研究

背景：低接触应力旋转平台（活动衬垫式）和Insall Burstein-Ⅱ型（固定衬垫式）全膝人工关节假体各自独立的长期稳定性已有报道，但我们尚未见有关这两种假体的中长期随访及对比性研究。 方法：对32例双侧膝关节畸形和术前活动范围均相似的膝关节炎患者进行了前瞻性评估，患者同意一侧膝关节行活动衬垫全膝关节置换，另一侧膝关节行固定衬垫全膝关节置换。术后平均随访6年，使患者、医生和观测者的相关干扰降至最小，对两种假体进行对比分析，项目包括临床和X线片结果、生存率和并发症发生率。 结果：术后骨关节炎患者的功能评分和活动范围好于类风湿性关节炎患者。然而，对患者在膝关节协会评分、屈曲范围、主观表现或髌股并发症发生率等方面进行评估，没有发现活动衬垫式假体比固定衬垫式假体更好。X线片显示两者在假体排列上没有差异。两例使用活动衬垫式假体的膝关节需要再次手术，其中1例因衬垫脱位而需要早期翻修，另1例因深部感染而进行关节融合。 结论：我们发现中期随访患者的临床表现显示，活动衬垫式全膝关节置换术并不比固定衬垫式全膝人工关节置换术具有更多的优点。活动衬垫式假体发生假体脱位和半脱位的危险性应给予重视，在发生脱位后要早期进行翻修。 可信水平：治疗性研究，Ⅱ级，进一步可信度参见作者介绍。     

旋转铰链膝假体在全膝关节置换翻修术后的临床效果

目的探讨使用旋转铰链膝假体进行全膝关节置换(TKA)术后翻修的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2008年10月至2013年5月,广东省人民医院骨科行人工TKA术后翻修且进行随访的重度膝关节畸形患者,其中采用旋转铰链型膝关节假体为10例(10膝)。收治的10例(10膝)TKA术后因假体松动或膝关节感染而需行全膝关节翻修的患者,采用一期翻修或一期清创加自制含抗生素骨水泥植入,可旋转绞链膝假体二期翻修方法治疗。术后进行随访并采用膝关节协会评分(HSS)及膝关节活动度评估膝关节功能。结果全部病例获得2~57个月随访,平均随访时间29个月。10例膝关节全部治愈,无下肢深静脉血栓及肺部感染等并发症。患者膝关节协会评分由术前37分增加至85分,膝关节活动度由术前65°增加至93°。结论在本研究中使用旋转铰链膝假体进行TKA术后翻修,效果确切,患者膝关节功能恢复满意。     

Revision total knee arthroplasty with the total condylar III system: a comparative analysis of 71 consecutive cases of osteoarthritis or inflammatory arthritis

BACKGROUND: As revision total knee arthroplasty surgery is becoming more common, it is necessary to evaluate how individual revision prosthesis systems perform in degenerative and inflammatory arthritides. In this study, results of the use of the Total Condylar III (TC III) system in osteoarthritis (55 knees) were compared to results of its use in inflammatory arthritis (16). METHODS: Patients were followed radiographically for 5.9 (3.0-10.2) years and clinically for 3.0 (0.2-6.8) years, using re-revision as the endpoint. RESULTS: At 1 year after revision and at final follow-up, the total Knee Society knee score, function score and range of motion had improved (p < 0.001) with no differences between osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis. No knee had definite component loosening, although 23 knees had asymptomatic radiolucent lines. Complications comprised 4 infections, 1 patellar pain syndrome and 1 rupture of the patellar tendon. Using any re-revision of the prosthesis as the endpoint, 5-year survival was 95% and 8-year survival was 94%. INTERPRETATION: Concentration of demanding revision knee arthroplasties to a few hands led to good or excellent knee joint knee score results in four-fifths of the patients, and showed good outcome with the TCIII system. In spite of ligamentous laxity, propensity to develop infections, bone destruction and poor general health, patients with inflammatory arthritis had results similar to those with osteoarthritis.     

Revision total knee arthroplasty with the Total Condylar III system: A comparative analysis of 71 consecutive cases of osteoarthritis or inflammatory arthritis

Background?As revision total knee arthroplasty surgery is becoming more common, it is necessary to evaluate how individual revision prosthesis systems perform in degenerative and inflammatory arthritides. In this study, results of the use of the Total Condylar III (TC III) system in osteoarthritis (55 knees) were compared to results of its use in inflammatory arthritis (16).

Methods?Patients were followed radiographically for 5.9 (3.0–10.2) years and clinically for 3.0 (0.2–6.8) years, using re-revision as the endpoint.

Results?At 1 year after revision and at final follow-up, the total Knee Society knee score, function score and range of motion had improved (p?<?0.001) with no differences between osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis. No knee had definite component loosening, although 23 knees had asymptomatic radiolucent lines. Complications comprised 4 infections, 1 patellar pain syndrome and 1 rupture of the patellar tendon. Using any re-revi-sion of the prosthesis as the endpoint, 5-year survival was 95% and 8-year survival was 94%.

Interpretation?Concentration of demanding revision knee arthroplasties to a few hands led to good or excellent knee joint knee score results in four-fifths of the patients, and showed good outcome with the TCIII system. In spite of ligamentous laxity, propensity to develop infections, bone destruction and poor general health, patients with inflammatory arthritis had results similar to those with osteoarthritis.     

Lateral unicompartmental knee replacement survivorship and clinical experience over 21 years

We describe 88 knees (79 patients) with lateral unicompartmental osteoarthritis which had been treated by the St Georg Sled prosthesis. At a mean follow-up of nine years (2 to 21) 15 knees had revision surgery, nine for progression of arthritis, six for loosening, four for breakage of a component and four for more than one reason. Six patients complained of moderate or severe pain at the final follow-up. Only five knees were lost to follow-up in the 21-year period. We performed survivorship analysis on the group using revision for any cause as the endpoint. At ten years the cumulative survival rate was 83%, and at 15 years, when ten knees were still at risk, it was 74%. Based on our clinical results and survival rate the St Georg Sled may be considered to be a suitable unicompartmental replacement for isolated lateral compartment osteoarthritis.     

手术治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳106例

目的 探讨慢性踝关节外侧不稳继发病损及其有效的手术方法.方法 本组行手术解剖重建外踝韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的患者106例,观察其继发病损在关节镜下的表现.结果 对本组患者随访12～111个月,平均31.2个月,术后所有踝关节均达到功能稳定,关节活动度基本恢复正常,没有复发性踝关节不稳发生.运用美国AOFAS足踝评分...     

Selective patellar nonresurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. 10 year results.

Patella nonresurfacing in total knee arthroplasty was reviewed retrospectively in 49 knees (42 patients). Thirteen patients (17 knees) died leaving 29 patients (32 knees) in the final study group. The minimum length of followup was 10 years and averaged 11.7 years (range, 10-13.4 years). The diagnosis was primary osteoarthritis in 26 knees, posttraumatic arthritis in four, osteonecrosis in one, and Paget's disease in one. Patients were evaluated using the Knee Society score, a patella score, and radiographs. The mean Knee Society score improved from 52.8 to 87.5 points postoperatively and functional score improved from 57.5 to 84.5 points postoperatively. Anterior knee pain was reported in six knees (20%). Only one patient required secondary resurfacing of the patella because of postoperative anterior knee pain. No significant correlation was found between anterior knee pain and patellofemoral joint space, patellar sclerosis, Insall-Salvati ratio, patellar tilt, gender, obesity, or age. Based on the need for secondary patellar resurfacing because of anterior knee pain, the 10-year survival was 97.5%. At minimum 10-year followup, retaining the patella in total knee arthroplasty in selected patients with osteoarthritis of the osteoarthritic knee can yield acceptable results.     

Advantage of Minimal Anterior Knee Pain and Long-term Survivorship of Cemented Single Radius Posterior-Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty without Patella Resurfacing

BackgroundThe single radius total knee prosthesis was introduced with the advantage of reduced patellar symptoms; however, there is no long-term follow-up study of the same. The purpose of this study was to determine the survival rate of single radius posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty and patellofemoral complication rates in a consecutive series.MethodsSeventy-one patients (103 knees) who underwent arthroplasty without patellar resurfacing using a single radius posterior-stabilized total knee prosthesis were followed up for a minimum 10 years. Clinical evaluation using Knee Society knee and function scores and radiologic evaluation were performed at regular intervals. Anterior knee pain as well as patellofemoral complications were evaluated with a simple questionnaire. The Kaplan-Meier product-limit method was used to estimate survival.ResultsSeventeen patients (23 knees) were excluded due to death (12 knees) or lost to follow-up (11 knees). Of the 80 knees enrolled, all femoral components and 78 tibial components were well fixed without loosening at final follow-up. Two revisions were performed because of tibial component loosening and periprosthetic joint infection. One patient with tibial component loosening refused to have revision surgery. No obvious tibial insert polyethylene wear was observed. The survivorships at 132 months were 96.7% using revision or pending revision as end points. Anterior knee pain was present in 6 patients (6 knees, 7.5%) at the latest follow-up. No patellofemoral complication requiring revision was encountered.ConclusionsThe single radius posterior-stabilized total knee prosthesis demonstrated an excellent minimum 10-year survivorship. The low rates of implant loosening and 7.5% of anterior knee pain as a patellofemoral complication are comparable with those reported for other modern total knee prosthesis.     

The GSB total knee arthroplasty

From 1981 to 1987, 77 GSB-II total knee arthroplasties were implanted in 65 patients. There were 23 men and 42 women aged on average 60 years old (range 30–85 years). The diagnosis was osteoarthritis (OA) in 21 knees, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in 44 knees, and other in 12 knees. A clinical and radiological follow-up was performed in two stages after a mean of 6.7 years (61 knees) and 14.8 years (22 knees) to assess the medium- and long-term results and to determine if deterioration had occurred after mid-term follow-up. A survival analysis was done with two endpoints: (1) revision, and (2) revision, moderate or severe pain and lost to follow-up (worst-case scenario). At the last follow-up 36 patients (44 knees) had died, 2 patients (2 knees) refused examination, and 3 patients (3 knees) were lost to follow-up. Six knees had been revised for malposition (1.3%), septic (3.9%) and aseptic (2.6%) loosening. The mean Knee Society score after 6.7 and 14.8 years was 85 points (OA 82 points, RA 87 points). Lateralisation, subluxation or dislocation of the patella was present in 8 of 17 knees at the last follow-up. The 6- and 15-year survival rates with revision as the endpoint were 95% (CI 89%–100%) and 87% (CI 65%– 100%), respectively. For the worst-case scenario, the 6- and 15-year survival rates were 95% (CI 89%–100%) and 56% (CI 0%–100%), respectively. The medium- and long-term results of the GSB-II total knee arthroplasty were good, and a decline in the knee score did not occur beyond the mid-term follow-up. Patella complications were abundant, and a marked decrease in implant survival was noted when moderate or severe pain and lost to follow-up were included as endpoints. Received: 23 August 1999     

Use of a total condylar knee prosthesis for treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Long-term results

Between May 1975 and December 1979, 113 patients had 153 arthroplasties using a total condylar knee prosthesis. Thirty patients (forty-two knees) died, and one (two knees) was lost to follow-up. Thirty-eight of these forty-four knees had been followed for more than two years, and none had had a revision. The remaining eighty-two patients (109 knees) were followed for an average of nine years (range, seven to 11.5 years). At the time of the latest examination, ten had had a revision for various reasons. For the ninety-nine knees that had the original prosthesis, the findings were compared with those of an evaluation that had been done four years postoperatively. The average over-all knee score was found to have decreased between the four-year and the latest follow-up evaluation, primarily because of a 7-point decrease in the score for function. The rate of infection was 0.6 per cent. The knees that had had patellar resurfacing had better over-all scores and better scores for pain than those that had not. This was particularly true in the patients who had osteoarthritis. The results of arthroplasty using a total condylar prosthesis appeared to be consistent and durable. Although there was a decrease in the quality of the functional result with increasing age, the patients reported consistent relief of pain.