应用肌延伸术矫正共同性内斜视

共同性内斜视是较为常见的一种斜视类型,分为先天性内斜视、调节性内斜视、部分调节性内斜视、非调节性内斜视、继发性内斜视等.除了调节性内斜视可以通过及时配戴眼镜予以矫正外,其余各种类型的共同性内斜视几乎都需要用手术予以矫正.通常采用的术式为内直肌后徙、外直肌缩短术.而我们将内直肌后徙改用内直肌延伸术.从而简化了内斜视矫正术的手术过程,且手术效果满意.     

连续性外斜视23例临床分析

目的 探讨内斜视术后继发外斜视的相关因素及手术方式.方法 对2004年6月至2009年10月在邢台市眼科住院的23例内斜视术后继发外斜视的患者施行手术治疗并观察疗效.结果 内直肌后徙量超过角膜缘后11.5 mm常造成术后眼球运动受限,与常规量内直肌后徙(距角膜缘＜11.5 mm)引起的眼球受限例数比较经χ2检验P＜0.05.结论 (1)内直肌后徙量超过角膜缘后11.5 mm常造成术后眼球运动受限,从而导致继发性外斜视;(2)外直肌后徙联合后徙的内直肌前徙和/或缩短是治疗继发性外斜视的有效方式;(3)术中5～10 PD小度数过矫可提高远期的术后正位率.     

集合不足型间歇性外斜视的手术方式分析

目的 探讨集合不足型间歇性外斜视的手术治疗方式.方法 回顾性分析2009年3月-2012年9月经手术治疗的256例集合不足型间歇性外斜视患者的临床资料,总结患者的斜视度数与手术方式的关系.结果 斜视度≤25△的56例患者行单眼内直肌缩短术,远期有效率为85.71％;斜视度30～55△的138例患者行单眼外直肌后徙联合内直肌缩短术,远期有效率为90.58％;斜视度≥60△的62例患者行双眼外直肌后徙联合单眼内直肌缩短术,远期有效率为88.71％.所有患者术前和术后视近、视远斜视度及视近和视远斜视度差值比较均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),术后与术前双眼视功能比较也有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 集合不足型间歇性外斜视应根据斜视角度的大小选择内直肌缩短术,或同时联合外直肌后徙术.     

探讨不同类型斜视手术前后双眼视觉功能的临床效果

目的分析探讨不同类型斜视手术前后双眼视觉功能的临床效果。方法选取2016年8月至2018年2月我院收治的80例不同类型斜视患者为临床观察对象,并根据其斜视类型分为三组,其中外斜视患者40例,行单眼外直肌后徙联合内直肌缩短术治疗,内斜视患者25例,行双眼内直肌后徙术,麻痹性斜视15例,行患眼水平肌后徙联合缩短术治疗,观察不同类型斜视患者术后双眼视觉功能恢复情况。结果根据组间前后研究数据分析,不同类型斜视患者在术前其无视功能率为81.3%,术后则为25.0%,前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。经手术治疗后不同类型斜视患者有视功能率为75.0%,明显高于术前有视功能率18.8%,这也表明了患者经手术治疗后其双眼视觉功能明显改善,前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。且患者治疗后无过矫情况,其正位74(92.5%)例;结论对不同类型斜视患者进行手术治疗后,能促进其双眼视觉功能的恢复,做好早发现、早治疗工作尤为重要。     

首选内直肌超常量后徙治疗共同性内斜视

目的评价首选内直肌超常量后徙在治疗共同性内斜视中的作用。方法不管共同性内斜哪种分型采取首选内直肌手术,内直肌手术量超过常规手术量,根据斜视度不一,采取单眼或双眼内直肌超常量后徙6mm￣8mm。结果术后眼位矫正良好,无内转或辐辏受限及无外斜发生,术后经过视功能训练,有部分病例恢复Ⅲ级视功能。结论此手术避免损伤了过多的眼肌,简化了手术,同时维持术后双眼共同运动,并取得了满意的眼位矫正。     

首选内直肌超常量后徙治疗共同性内斜视

目的 评价首选内直肌超常量后徙在治疗共同性内斜视中的作用。方法 不管共同性内斜哪种分型采取首选内直肌手术。内直肌手术量超过常规手术量,根据斜视度不一,采取单眼或双眼内直肌超常量后徙6mm-8mm。结果 术后眼位矫正良好,无内转或辐辏受限及无外斜发生,术后经过视功能训练。有部分病例恢复Ⅲ级视功能。结论 此手术避免损伤了过多的眼肌,简化了手术,同时维持术后双眼共同运动,并取得了满意的眼位矫正。     

肌注阿托品对斜视手术中眼心反射的影响

目的 观察术前肌注阿托品注射液对局部麻醉下斜视术中眼心反射(OCR)发生率的影响.方法 选取2018年至2019年在我院就诊并行局麻手术治疗的水平斜视患者50例50眼,外斜视患者进行外直肌后徙联合内直肌缩短术,对内斜视患者进行内直肌后徙联合外直肌缩短术.随机分为A组(术前不肌注硫酸阿托品注射液)和B组(术前30min肌...     

儿童集合不足型间歇性外斜视的术后效果分析

目的：观察手术治疗儿童集合不足型间歇性外斜视的疗效,探讨影响术后效果的因素。方法：收集2012年3月至2015年6月南昌大学第二附属医院行斜视矫正手术的378例集合不足型间歇性外斜视患儿的病历资料,记录比较手术前后患儿的眼位及双眼视功能情况,术后随访6~12个月。结果：378例集合不足型间歇性外斜视患儿中有302例斜视度在25△~55△,术式为双眼外直肌后徙或单眼外直肌后徙联合内直肌缩短,术后正位率为91.06％,两种术式手术效果无统计学差异;76例患儿斜视度≥60△,手术方式选择双眼外直肌后徙联合单眼内直肌截除术,术后正位率为85.53％。患儿手术前后的视近、视远斜视度以及其差值的变化均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）,术后双眼视功能亦较术前有明显提升。结论：双眼外直肌后徙术或单眼外直肌后徙联合内直肌缩短术均为治疗集合不足型间歇性外斜视的有效手术方式。     

不同类型间歇性外斜视手术前后双眼视功能变化及手术方式探讨

目的 探讨不同类型间歇性外斜视手术前后双眼视功能的变化及不同手术方式对手术效果的影响.方法 将120例间歇性外斜视病人按照斜视类型分为基本型(29例)、集合不足型(80例)、分开过强型(11例),对3种类型病人术后正位率、立体视功能恢复率、融合功能恢复率进行比较.集合不足型80例病人根据手术方式是单或双眼外直肌后徙术,还是单眼外直肌后徙加内直肌缩短术分为A、B两组,比较两组术后正位率、融合功能恢复率、立体视功能恢复率及残余性外斜视、连续性内斜视发生率.结果 3种类型间歇性外斜视术后正位率差异均无显著性(P>0.05).集合不足型立体视功能恢复率、融合功能恢复率与其他两型间比较差异均有显著性(χ2=3.86～6.47,P<0.05),而基本型和分开过强型间差异无显著性(P>0.05).A、B两组术后正位率、术后融合功能恢复率、立体视功能恢复率、残余性外斜视率比较差异有显著性(χ2=4.75～6.70,P<0.05),而连续性内斜视率两组间差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论 集合不足型间歇性外斜视术后双眼视功能恢复差,手术应主要缩短内直肌以加强集合能力,一般选择单眼外直肌后徙加内直肌截除术,以达到术后较高的正位率和恢复一定双眼视功能目的.     

外直肌超常量后徙固定在知觉性外斜视手术中的应用

目的 观察外直肌超常量后徙固定在知觉性外斜视手术中的远期疗效,分析其应用价值.方法 回顾性分析我科2012年5月至2013年9月行外直肌超常量后徙固定的知觉性外斜视病例12例.外斜视度数均＞50△,患眼固视功能差.在斜视眼行外直肌超常量后徙固定(缝合于原肌止点后12.0 mm)联合内直肌缩短术(4.0～7.0 mm),观察术后眼位、眼球运动、眼面外观及视功能远期疗效.结果 随访13 ～ 27个月后,12例患者术后眼位正位,眼球外转稍有受限;眼面外观良好;均获得较稳定的患眼固视能力,但未建立明确的双眼视功能.结论 外直肌超常量后徙固定稳定了后徙外直肌的位置,减少了手术肌肉条数,具有安全可行、远期疗效稳定等优点.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.