α1受体激动对浦肯野纤维延迟后除极的双相效应

用乙酰毒毛旋花子甙元（ＡＳ）２×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ中毒诱发绵羊心室浦肯野纤维产生延迟后除极（ＤＡＤ）作为模型，在心得安５×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ作用下观察苯肾上腺素（ＰＥ）１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、３×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ等不同浓度对ＤＡＤ幅值的影响。６０ｍｉｎ持续灌流中，前２０ｍｉｎＤＡＤ幅值分别增加８％、９％和１０％（每一浓度ｎ＝８，Ｐ＜０．０５）；随后４０ｍｉｎ内，ＤＡＤ幅值呈剂量依赖性减小，ＰＥ１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ减值６．９±０．２％（ｎ＝８，Ｐ＜０．０５），ＰＥ３×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ减值１３．９±０．１％（ｎ＝８，Ｐ＜０．０１），ＰＥ１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ减值１８．６±０．２％（ｎ＝８，Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＰＥ的作用可被哌唑嗪５×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ所阻断，提示ＰＥ作用经α１受体兴奋引起。     

高效液相色谱法分离测定鱼油中的EPA和DHA

介绍用高效液相色谱法分离测定鱼鱼油及其制品中的二十碳五烯酸（ｅｉｃｏｓａｐｅｎｔａｅｎｏｉｃａｃｉｄ，ＥＰＡ）和二十二碳六烯酸（ｄｏｃｏｓａｈｅｘａｅｎｏｉｃａｃｉｄ，ＤＨＡ）方法。使用Ｗａｔｅｒｓ液相色谱仪，μ－ＢｏｎｄｐａｒｋＣ＿（１８）Ｈ＿（３７）填充柱（３０ｃｍ×４ｍｍ）。鱼油经０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＯＨ乙醇溶液皂化，三乙胺－ω－溴苯乙酮酯化后直接进样。以８８％的甲醇水溶液为流动相，紫外２５４ｎｍ检测，用外标法测定。该方法的回收率ＥＰＡ为９３．０％～９８．０％，ＤＨＡ为９３．０％～１００．０％。相对标准偏差ＥＰＡ为０．４１％～０．８６％，ＤＨＡ为０．６７％～１．２０％（ｎ＝７）。本法简便、快速、重现性好。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者糖耐量试验前后血中活性物质测定

为了研究多囊卵巢综合征（ＰＣＯＳ）的黄体生成素（ＬＨ）及胰岛素升高与神经肽的关系，我们检测了正常组（ｎ＝１５）、１型患者组（ＬＨ／ＦＳＨ≥３，ｎ＝３０）和２型患者组（ＬＨ／ＦＳＨ＜３，ｎ＝２５）糖耐量试验（ＯＧＴＴ）前后外周血中胰岛素、生长抑素（ｓｏｍａｔｏｓｔａｔｉｎ，ＳＳ）、β－内啡呔（β－ｅｎｄｏｒｐｈｉｎ，β－ＥＰ）和强啡呔Ａ（ｄｙｎｏｒｐｈｉｎＡ，ＤｙｎＡ）浓度的变化。结果在基础状态下，１型组的ＬＨ与ＳＳ有负相关性（ｒ＝－０．５１，Ｐ＜０．０５），２型组ＬＨ与β－ＥＰ也有负相关性（ｒ＝－０．４９，Ｐ＜０．０５）；ＯＧＴＴ后，１型组β－ＥＰ和ＤｙｎＡ较对照组升高，２型组的ＳＳ较对照组有相对不足。表明内源性ＳＳ不足及β－ＥＰ和ＤｙｎＡ升高可能导致了ＰＣＯＳ的ＬＨ及胰岛素的升高     

慢性阻塞性肺病患者血浆内皮素—1水平与肺血流动力学的关系

通过右心漂浮导管检测了２０例临床缓解期慢性阻塞性肺病（ＣＯＰＤ）患者的血流动力学参数，并用放射免疫分析法分别测定了体动脉和肺动脉血浆内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）水平。结果显示：体动脉血浆ＥＴ－１水平（５７．００±８．８９）ｐｇ／ｍｌ小于肺动脉血浆ＥＴ－１水平（７５．９２±１７．３６）ｐｇ／ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．００１）：ＣＯＰＤ并ＰＡＨ组肺动脉混合静脉血浆ＥＴ－１水平的（８３．９０±１７．１２）ｐｇ／ｍｌ明显高于ＣＯＰＤ非ＰＡＨ组肺动脉混合静脉血浆ＥＴ－１水平（６２．７３±４．４３）ｐｇ／ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０５）；肺动脉混合静脉血浆ＥＴ－１水平与肺动脉平均压（ＰＡＰｍ）及肺血管阻力（ＰＶＲ）呈显著的正相关（ｒ＝０．８８，Ｐ＜０．００１；ｒ＝０．０８１，Ｐ＜０．００１），与心输出量（ＣＯ）、氧饱和度（ＳＡＴ％）呈显著的负相关（ｒ＝－０．４７，Ｐ＜０．０５：ｒ＝－０．７９，Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示ＥＴ－１在ＣＯＰＤ并ＰＡＨ的发生发展中起着重要的病理生理学作用。     

脐血抗—HPCA—2和Tük3标记的CD34阳性细胞的流式细胞仪比较分析

在标记脐血造血祖细胞表面抗原（ＨＰＣＡ），ＣＤ３４中，比较抗－ＨＰＣＡ－２－ＦＩＴＣ和Ｔｋ３（纯抗体）标记的ＣＤ（３４＋）细胞在流式细胞仪分析中的荧光特征及两种单抗标记的ＣＤ（３４＋）细胞与体外培养的粒单细胞集落形成单位（ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ），红系爆发形成单位（ＢＦＵ－Ｅ），和混合集落形成单位（ＣＦＵ－Ｍｉｘ）的相关性。结果发现脐血有核细胞中，抗ＨＰＣＡ－２阳性细胞占１．０５±０．７２％（ｎ＝１３），Ｔｋ３阳性细胞占２．０６±１．２５％（ｎ＝８），差别显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。每毫升脐血两种抗体标记的细胞分别为９６．５６±５６．６４和２３１．４０±１６３．９３（Ｐ＜０．０５）。尽管ＨＰＣＡ－２阳性细胞与Ｔｋ３阳性细胞数量呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．８７５，Ｐ＜０．０１），前者与ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ，ＢＦＵＥ，ＣＦＵ－Ｍｉｘ及集落总数ＣＦＵｓ均呈正相关，而后者仅与ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ，ＣＦＵｓ相关。研究提示在检测造血祖细胞时，用抗－ＨＰＣＡ－２－ＦＩＴＣ代替Ｔｋ３可降低假阳性，获得较好的ＯＤ（３４＋）细胞与ＣＦＵ间的线性关系。     

H-point计算分光光度法研究及其在复方盐酸丁卡因注射液中的应用

介绍几种Ｈ－ｐｏｉｎｔ法,并与常见的计算分光光度法进行了比较。将Ｈ－ｐｏｉｎｔ法用于复方盐酸丁卡因注射液测定的数据处理,表明Ｈ－ｐｏｉｎｔ法有效地消除干扰,有较高的精密度和准确度。盐酸丁卡因回收率为：Ｈ－ｐｏｉｎｔ法１０１．０％,ＲＳＤ为２．７％（ｎ＝７）,Ｋ系数Ｈ－ｐｏｉｎｔ法９９．１％,ＲＳＤ为１．８％（ｎ＝７）,三波长Ｈ－ｐｏｉｎｔ法９９．６％,ＲＳＤ为１．４％（ｎ＝７）。     

高血压病人红细胞变形能力与红细胞膜脂质成分和PAF－AH活性的关系

①目的探讨高血压（ＥＨ）病人红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ）与红细胞膜脂质成分和血小板激活因子乙酰水解酶（ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ）的关系。②方法观察了６６例ＥＨ病人和３８例健康人红细胞滤过指数（ＩＦ）、红细胞膜胆固醇（Ｃｈ）、磷脂（ＰＬ）、脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）及ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ的变化。③结果ＥＨ病人红细胞ＩＦ较对照组明显增高（ｔ＝４．７２６，Ｐ＜０．００１）。ＥＨ病人红细胞膜Ｃｈ，ＬＰＯ及Ｃｈ／ＰＬ明显增高，而ＰＬ和ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ活性明显降低，与对照组比较差异均有极显著性（ｔ＝３．８８２～４．７１５，Ｐ＜０．００１）。这些指标变化随着ＥＨ病程进展而逐渐明显。ＥＨ病人红细胞ＩＦ与膜Ｃｈ，ＬＰＯ及Ｃｈ／ＰＬ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５３２，０．５３８，０．６５５，Ｐ＜０．００１），与ＰＬ和ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．５２７，－０．６０９，Ｐ＜０．００１）。④结论ＥＨ病人ＥＤ降低与红细胞膜脂质异常和ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ活性降低有密切关系。     

肺心病患者α—羟丁酸脱氢酶的变化及其与心功能关系的研究

３５例慢性肺心病患者分两组测其血清α－羟丁酸脱氢酶（α－ＨＢＤＨ），结果均明显高于正常值和对照组（Ｐ〈０．００１），且重症肺心病组又明显高于轻症肺心病组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。同时α－ＨＢＤＨ水平与右室射血分数（ＲＶＥＦ）呈显著负相关（Ｙ＝－０．６５８ ８，Ｐ〈０．００１），与右室内径指数及右室壁厚度均呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５８４７，Ｐ〈０．００１，ｒ＝０．５９３６，Ｐ〈０．００１）。提示测定α－ＨＢＤＨ可     

肺心病患者α－羟丁酸脱氢酶的变化及其与心功能关系的研究

３５例慢性肺心病患者分两组测其血清α－羟丁酸脱氢酶（α－ＨＢＤＨ），结果均明显高于正常值和对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１），且重症肺心病组又明显高于轻症肺心病组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。同时α－ＨＢＤＨ水平与右室射血分数（ＲＶＥＦ）呈显著负相关（Ｙ＝－０．６５８８，Ｐ＜０．００１），与右室内径指数及右室壁厚度均呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５８４７，Ｐ＜０．００１，ｒ＝０．５９３６，Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示测定α－ＨＢＤＨ可作为反映慢性肺心病人心功能障碍程度的临床参考指标。     

肝硬化患者血浆P物质、内皮素和抗利尿激素水平变化与？…

目的：研究有血管活性作用的激素Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）、内皮素（ＥＴ）和抗利尿激素（ＡＤＨ）在肝硬化中的变化与门脉高压的关系。方法：用ＥＬＩＳＡ法分别测定５８例肝硬化患者的血浆ＳＰ、ＥＴ和ＡＤＨ水平。结果：ＳＰ、ＥＴ及ＡＤＨ在肝硬化时均显著升高,肝功能越差,升高越明显;ＳＰ、ＥＴ与门、脾静脉宽度呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．７１、０．７０,ｐ〈０．０５）;ＡＤＨ与２４ｈ尿量、尿钠排出量呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．７２、－０     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.